Different Types Of Information Technologies Research Articles

Оптимізація бізнес-процесів відділу маркетингу за допомогою інформаційних технологій

The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of information technology on the efficiency of business processes in modern marketing. A business process optimization helps an enterprise increase its competitiveness by reducing the time from product development to market launch and reducing production and promotion costs. This helps to enhance the efficiency of marketing strategies and increase the profitability of the enterprise. Optimization of business processes in marketing, in particular through the use of process management, is an important element of the company’s strategy for achieving success and ensuring competitiveness in the market. Information technology plays a key role in today’s progress. Under modern business conditions, information technology becomes a powerful tool for increasing the competitiveness of an enterprise, becomes a necessary component of its management system, an important element of its international activity. The rapid progress of information technologies requires increased attention to the processes of their implementation and use. Ignoring current digital trends can lead to business degradation. By analyzing different types of information technology, such as customer relationship management systems, marketing process automation, analytics systems, internet marketing and mobile technologies, social media instruments, data analytics and machine learning platforms, the article explores how these tools contribute to improving productivity and achieving the strategic goals of enterprise marketing departments. The given examples of specific programs and platforms, their advantages and disadvantages, plus a detailed analysis illustrate the importance of using information technology for the successful implementation of marketing strategies and ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises in the modern business environment. Information technology plays a crucial role in the progress of modern marketing, assisting businesses in improving the efficiency of their business processes and ensuring a high level of competitiveness.

Information Seeking and Technology Use Among Dementia Caregivers: Findings from a Statewide Survey of Diverse Caregivers in the U.S. South

AbstractBackgroundFamily caregivers are often tasked with decision making about their loved one’s health care treatment and daily care and have reported that such decision making can be challenging, overwhelming, and stressful (Gaugler et al., 2022; Miller et al., 2016; Ruggiano et al., 2019). For this reason, caregivers often report being highly active in seeking out information to improve their health literacy regarding dementia and caregiving, frequently turning to various information technologies (IT) to gather information (Bangerter et al., 2019; Soong et al., 2020). However, more research is needed on how IT can support health literacy and information seeking for vulnerable caregiver populations, such as caregivers who are rural‐dwelling, low‐income, and those from underserved racial/ethnic groups (Soong et al., 2020).MethodThis project involved a statewide survey of caregivers living in Alabama, a U.S. state that has large populations of rural, African American, and underserved residents. To recruit participants, community‐based organizations distributed flyers and two public radio campaigns made announcements about the project between June 2022 and December 2022. The survey included questions about: the sources participants used to learn more about dementia and caregiving; ease of gathering information from these sources; their level of trust in these sources; their experience with different types of IT; their current information needs; and participant demographics. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed.ResultSeventy‐eight caregivers completed the survey: 50% identified as African American, 37.2% lived in rural communities, and 30.8% had household incomes of less than $30K per year. The survey revealed several findings regarding information seeking and technology use. Participants reported using an average of 4.8 sources to gather information. Level of trust in some information sources and interest in using certain types of IT for information seeking varied based on some demographics, including race, age, and income.ConclusionThe findings suggest that public education about dementia should not be a one‐size‐fits all approach and that strategizing public health education campaigns by source and technology platform may better facilitate health literacy of sub‐populations of caregivers, especially those who may be underserved or have challenges in navigating health and long‐term care systems.

Information Seeking and Technology Use Among Dementia Caregivers: Findings from a Statewide Survey of Diverse Caregivers in the U.S. South

AbstractBackgroundFamily caregivers are often tasked with decision making about their loved one’s health care treatment and daily care and have reported that such decision making can be challenging, overwhelming, and stressful (Gaugler et al., 2022; Miller et al., 2016; Ruggiano et al., 2019). For this reason, caregivers often report being highly active in seeking out information to improve their health literacy regarding dementia and caregiving, frequently turning to various information technologies (IT) to gather information (Bangerter et al., 2019; Soong et al., 2020). However, more research is needed on how IT can support health literacy and information seeking for vulnerable caregiver populations, such as caregivers who are rural‐dwelling, low‐income, and those from underserved racial/ethnic groups (Soong et al., 2020).MethodThis project involved a statewide survey of caregivers living in Alabama, a U.S. state that has large populations of rural, African American, and underserved residents. To recruit participants, community‐based organizations distributed flyers and two public radio campaigns made announcements about the project between June 2022 and December 2022. The survey included questions about: the sources participants used to learn more about dementia and caregiving; ease of gathering information from these sources; their level of trust in these sources; their experience with different types of IT; their current information needs; and participant demographics. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed.ResultSeventy‐eight caregivers completed the survey: 50% identified as African American, 37.2% lived in rural communities, and 30.8% had household incomes of less than $30K per year. The survey revealed several findings regarding information seeking and technology use. Participants reported using an average of 4.8 sources to gather information. Level of trust in some information sources and interest in using certain types of IT for information seeking varied based on some demographics, including race, age, and income.ConclusionThe findings suggest that public education about dementia should not be a one‐size‐fits all approach and that strategizing public health education campaigns by source and technology platform may better facilitate health literacy of sub‐populations of caregivers, especially those who may be underserved or have challenges in navigating health and long‐term care systems.

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FOOD PROCESSING

Information technologies (IT) have become an important part of modern peoples activities. Many activities in food production processes are supported by different types of IT. The aim of this paper is to determine share of companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Serbia (SRB), North Macedonia (MKD) and Montenegro (MNE) that use some form of IT in their operations. Research was conducted in companies from the food sector in four countries in the Balkans. The research included 42 companies from BiH, 30 companies from Serbia, 14 companies from MKD and 6 companies from MNE. A special questionnaire was designed for the purposes of this research. The distribution of the questionnaire was done by e-mail, with a digital link for the users according to the form of the survey questionnaire that they should fill out (Microsoft Forms). The obtained results were statistically processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.During the research, authors determined areas in which companies already use IT, their plans related to the development of IT in the coming period and possibly for integration of existing and new IT solutions into a single information system. In their answers, the companies declared about the business areas in which they most often apply IT. Companies have developed and use several e-databases (the share of companies from each country is shown in relation to the number of companies that submitted complete survey questionnaires in the order of BiH, SRB, MKD and MNE): e-database of employees (88.1%); 96.7%; 100% and 100%, respectable), supplier base (73.8%; 100%; 100% and 83.3%, respectable), e-customer base (76.2%; 96.7%; 100% and 100%, respectable), e-base of resources for work (35.7%; 60.0%; 42.9% and 50.0%, respectable), e-base of reports on performed laboratory analyzes (35 .7%; 43.3%, 50.0% and 50.0%, respectively) etc. In the development of IT solutions, companies use different programming languages, mostly JAVA (59.3% of all companies surveyed) and C++ (37.4% of the total number of companies surveyed). The research showed that companies in the food sector in 4 Balkan countries use different forms of IT and that they have clear plans for their development and application in their business. It encourages the view that most companies are working on development of an integrated information system.

Information technology and online resources in the professional activities of preschool teachers

PurposeThe research objectives are to interview rising preschool teachers studying at Russian universities, highlight the categories of information technologies used in preschool institutions based on the survey results and possible difficulties that may arise when working with them and develop tips for working with interactive technologies for preschool teachers.Design/methodology/approachThe results of the survey showed a high level of involvement of information technology in the educational process. The majority of respondents (87%) use information technology in teaching and learning. The analysis of the answers shows relatively identical indicators of the use of different types of information technologies: 65% prefer more technological and 35% – applied. It was shown that the use of technological and applied ICT categories isn't similar among participants of the survey. To increase the level of students' and teachers’ knowledge with modern information technologies the program was created.FindingsIn preschool education, the kindergarten teacher or supervisor should act as the leader of the learning process, including the interactive one. The teacher should encourage children to independently use the ICT tools and guide the process.Originality/valueGiven the rapid pace of development of science and technology, the curriculum needs to be deepened and expanded by diversifying activities. It is worth paying attention to modern methods of teaching and learning, which require the use of pedagogical innovations, the acquaintance of students and teachers with possible ways to expand the activities and update the latest teaching methods in educational process.

Information technology competency and organizational agility: roles of absorptive capacity and information intensity

PurposeScholars have examined the possible relationship between information technology (IT) and organizational agility. Although the general-level effect of IT is undisputed, empirical research on how different types of IT contribute to various aspects of organizational agility remains scarce. Therefore, this study aims to propose an integrated framework of internal capability and external environment to address this research gap.Design/methodology/approachThis study investigates the potential mediating effects of absorptive capacity and the moderating effects of information intensity in the IT‒agility relationship. With a dataset comprising 165 organizations in China, this work provides empirical evidence that the effects of absorptive capacity and information intensity are multifaceted and nuanced, thereby revealing the latent mechanisms of IT competency and organizational agility.FindingsAbsorptive capacity partially mediates the effects of IT knowledge and IT operations on market capitalizing agility and fully mediates their effects on operational adjustment agility. However, no direct or indirect effects of IT objects are found on both types of organizational agility. Information intensity also positively moderates the effects of IT operations and IT objects on absorptive capacity. However, no significant moderation is found with regard to IT operations.Originality/valueThis study provides novel insights by demonstrating clearly the different mediating roles of absorptive capacity in the relationship among various types of IT competency and diverse aspects of organizational agility. This work also underscores the moderating role of information intensity in shaping absorptive capacity through IT competency.

ІНФОРМАЦІЯ ТА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЯК НЕВІД’ЄМНА ЧАСТИНА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ АДВОКАТА

In this paper, an analysis theoretical and applied issues related to the realization by a lawyer of his professional rights, aimed at the formation of a proper and admissible base of evidentiary information, as well as the need to use modern information technologies in the lawyer's activity. The purpose of article is reserching the nature of interaction of information and information technologies and professional activity of a lawyer, in particular, through the prism of the use of advanced information technologies in advocacy. In the process of discovering the subject of the research, both the authors of the study used a set of general scientific and special methods, which are characteristic of legal science, both to achieve the purpose of the work and to ensure the scientific objectivity, completeness, reliability and convincing of the obtained results. In particular, with the help of the system-structural method, the general structure of scientific research was formed, which provided the fullest disclosure and solution of the tasks posed to the authors. The dialectical method of knowledge of legal reality provided an opportunity to analyze the different types of information technologies used in the professional activity of a lawyer. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis have been widely used in the scientific article. The method of systematic analysis, which is one of the main methods of this study, made it possible to achieve the goals and tasks set by the authors, and the synthesis method was used in the construction of the author's conclusions and other theoretical provisions. It is necessary that the multidimensionality of professional activity of the lawyer, namely protection, representation and provision of other types of legal assistance, determines and use of various information technologies in the business of everyday professional activities. Based on the research, it is concluded that information and information technology is an important part of a lawyer's professional activity, the effectiveness of which depends largely on the level of information support of the latter and the ability to use it. The general features of the most common types of information technologies used in the lawyer's activity are revealed, namely: reference and legal systems, information (automated) systems, unified and state registers, Internet, technical devices and programs, etc.

Toward a sustainable modern electricity grid: The effects of smart metering and program investments on demand-side management performance in the US electricity sector 2009-2012

Building a sustainable modern electricity sector is a key part of the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Smart meters are expected to contribute to the achievement of this goal by providing new demand-side management opportunities for utilities. Attempting to address existing gaps in the extant literature, this paper examines the effects of metering technologies and demand-side management program investments using panel data from 87 American electricity utilities for the period 2009–2012. Our model provides strong explanatory power with respect to energy efficiency, and shows that automated meter reading (AMR) devices, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) devices, direct program costs, and incentive costs all have a positive influence on energy efficiency effects. In contrast, the results for load management are largely insignificant, with the exception of incentive costs that has a small, but significant, negative impact on peak load reductions. We discuss the implications and potential research directions arising from these findings, in particular, the need to consider interactions between different demand-side programs and the influence of different types of information technologies that are emerging as part of the smart grid.

Queensland Community Legal Centres' Use of Information Technology to Deliver Access to Justice

AbstractIn Queensland, Australia, community legal centres utilise a range of different types of information technology to provide legal advice and assistance to their clients, which include marginalised and disadvantaged groups. In this article Emma Phillips and James Farrell considers the use and efficacy of different types of information technology within the community legal sector, discussing the findings of recent empirical research on this issue in the context of the relevant research literature. The article then explores issues associated with the use of information technology in the provision of legal information and advice, including the limitations associated with this technology in the context of the delivery of legal assistance to vulnerable clients.

Software Competences of Geomatic Engineering

In this paper, it is both intended to effectively transfer and emphasize the relationship between geospatial data and software applications while presenting the learning activities which required software competences and presented some software techniques related with geomatic engineering. Effective software competence in geomatic is required for both the combination of information-communication technologies and interdisciplinary collaborative learning activities. The essential way to keep up with future competences is adaptation to different types of information technologies. Today, it is obviously seen that the using of interest-activated technology is a sine qua non condition of engineering education. The main focusing point of this paper is to present some learning suggestions while developing a software related course content in Geomatic to empower engineering education.

Health Professional Involvement in Health Information Technology Development: What Can Your Do to Improve Them?

Information technology (IT) is increasingly a part of everyday life for health professionals. Technology such as decision support systems (DSS) and electronic health records (EHR) have great potential in improving practice efficiency and standard, and improve patient outcomes; however, like most health IT, available programs are often lacking in usability and efficiency. To improve the quality of IT available, health professionals need to be actively involved in the developmental process, from early planning stages to final testing and feedback. Aims: To gain insight into the role of IT in the health sector and pharmacy. To explore what the general requirements are of complex DSS used by health professionals. To discuss if and how these requirements change depending on practice setting. To gain insight into what skills are needed to be involved in different stages of health IT development. Learning objectives: By the end of the session participants should be able to: Describe the different types of IT used in the health sector and pharmacy. Describe the role of EHR, computer physician order entry systems dispensing systems, DSS and how these systems are related. Involved in the development of a usable health IT. Description of Workshop Activities: This workshop is aimed at health practitioners, researchers, policy makers, and other parties interested in health IT. During this workshop participants will be shown a short presentation describing a) different types of health IT, and b) the development process of a prototype DSS to illustrate how health professionals can be involved in health IT development. This will be followed by small group discussions on the requirements for DSS in clinical practice and various environments, a demonstration of a DSS developed by the authors, and feedback. Additional information (if required): N/A

SABER and MyDispense: Building better pharmacy education through innovation and sharing

Information technology (IT) is increasingly a part of everyday life for health professionals. Technology such as decision support systems (DSS) and electronic health records (EHR) have great potential in improving practice efficiency and standard, and improve patient outcomes; however, like most health IT, available programs are often lacking in usability and efficiency. To improve the quality of IT available, health professionals need to be actively involved in the developmental process, from early planning stages to final testing and feedback. Aims: To gain insight into the role of IT in the health sector and pharmacy. To explore what the general requirements are of complex DSS used by health professionals. To discuss if and how these requirements change depending on practice setting. To gain insight into what skills are needed to be involved in different stages of health IT development. Learning objectives: By the end of the session participants should be able to: Describe the different types of IT used in the health sector and pharmacy. Describe the role of EHR, computer physician order entry systems dispensing systems, DSS and how these systems are related. Involved in the development of a usable health IT. Description of Workshop Activities: This workshop is aimed at health practitioners, researchers, policy makers, and other parties interested in health IT. During this workshop participants will be shown a short presentation describing a) different types of health IT, and b) the development process of a prototype DSS to illustrate how health professionals can be involved in health IT development. This will be followed by small group discussions on the requirements for DSS in clinical practice and various environments, a demonstration of a DSS developed by the authors, and feedback. Additional information (if required): N/A

ON ANTHROPOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION SOCIETY

In article, the author envisages the anthropological problems of the modern information society. There is a new definition of information society, the main factor of which is the automatization of information processes. Different types of information technology impacts (informational and technological impacts) on human being are considered. In addition, the author shows the primary transformation of human being due to modern information technologies, based on computer and telecommunication technique. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2013-7-17

Formal to informal learning with IT: research challenges and issues for e‐learning

AbstractFor the purpose of clarity and consistency, the term e‐learning is used throughout the paper to refer to technology‐enhanced learning and information technology (IT) in teaching and learning. IT depicts computing and other IT resources. Research into e‐learning has changed in focus and breadth over the last four decades as a consequence of changing technologies, and changes in educational policies and practices. Although increasing numbers of young people have access to a wide range of IT technologies during their leisure activities, little is known about this impact on their learning. Much of the research evidence, to date, of students' informal uses of IT is about the frequency of use in different educational settings and the different types of IT uses occurring among learners at school and in the home. There is little evidence of the interrelationship between them.What makes researching e‐learning so difficult is the ever‐changing technology itself and the increasing access to IT resources in informal settings, changing the balance between formal and informal uses of e‐learning. This rebalancing not only results in a wider diversification of IT uses by learners but also a greater variability in their IT literacies and unknown variables such as the level of control of the learning activities, and contributions from third parties online. This paper reviews the wide range of technological and educational research changes that have taken place over the last 40 years, the affordances these provide, and the consequent implications for research methods and issues regarding investigating the impact of IT on formal and informal learning. Based on this analysis, strategies are proposed to help us achieve reliable research approaches and methods that take account of the eclectic nature of e‐learning and the growing influence of informal learning on e‐learning in education.

A critical assessment of information technology adoption: technical, organisational and personal perspectives

In today's rapidly changing competitive environment, information technology (IT) within an organisation is continuously improved, driven by external push of technological advances and internal pull of increasing organisational needs. In order to achieve the greatest return on IT investment, the diffusion process of IT within the organisation should be examined carefully. This study aims to explore the effects of technical, organisational and personal characteristics on the diffusion of different information technologies within organisations, and to discover the relationship between the diffusion and infusion of these technologies and the effectiveness, efficiency and productivity of managerial decision making processes. Based on a thorough review of theoretical background and prior empirical studies in the area, an integrated research framework concerning IT diffusion context has been developed and tested via a survey applied on individuals from different organisations. Findings suggest that the antecedents of the diffusion patterns vary for different types of information technologies.

Organizational Slack and Information Technology Innovation Adoption in SMEs

This study explores the relevant dimensions of organizational slack in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and investigates their impact on adoption of different types of information technology (IT) innovations. Using recent data from a representative sample of 2,296 U.S. SMEs, we find that the slack-innovation relationships previously described in larger firms do not hold well for SMEs. Our results show potential slack (measured as access to external credit) to be a strong predictor of technology adoption in SMEs. By contrast, available slack appeared not to be a significant factor in SME innovation adoption. Moreover, the direction of the effects of potential slack was moderated by the capital-intensity of the innovation. In particular, e-commerce, which required lesser financial resources for SME adoption, was found to be pursued by those with lesser potential slack. We argue that, in some cases, innovation adoption may represent a form of “bricolage” by resource constrained SMEs.

The Adoption of Information Technology by Self-Managing Service Teams

This article examines antecedents and consequences of the adoption level of standardized information technology (IT) versus customized IT in self-managing teams (SMTs) in a financial services institution. Linkages between specified antecedents and the adoption levels of standardized and customized IT were investigated using data collected from bank employees and in-company databases. The authors find positive individual-level effects of tolerance of self-management, ease of use, and innovativeness on the adoption level of standardized IT and positive individual-level effects of tolerance of self-management and perceived usefulness on the adoption level of customized IT. These findings suggest that discriminating between different types of IT creates a better understanding of IT adoption in SMTs. A similar investigation of the IT adoption-service performance relationships shows that the adoption level of customized IT rather than of standardized IT has a crucial impact on service performance both in terms of customer satisfaction and productivity.

The relationship between information technology use and buyer-supplier relationships: an exploratory analysis of the buying firm's perspective

No doubt exists that information technology is emerging as a key resource in the purchasing process. Concurrently, buyer-supplier relationships are changing. The purpose of this research is to determine if there is a relationship between the use of information technology and buyer-supplier relationships. A brief review of the literature on the use of information technology in purchasing is provided. Next, the nature of buyer-supplier relationships is discussed. Triangulation-involving field interviews followed by a mail survey-was used to collect data and attempt to answer the three research questions. The three questions were the following. (1) What is the relationship between the use of information technology and frequency of information shared between buyers and suppliers? (2) What is the relationship between the use of information technology and the richness of information shared between buyers and suppliers? (3) What is the relationship between the use of information technology and buyer-supplier trust? Information technology is defined in terms of automated purchasing systems, supplier links via electronic data interchange, information systems and computer-to-computer links with key suppliers. The research results suggest that three of the different types of information technology were significantly related to the frequency of information shared among buyers. Two of the different types of information technology were significantly related to the richness of information shared. However, only one of the types of information technology appears to be significantly related to trust among buyers and suppliers.

Communication media choice by workers in distributed environment

Information technology (IT) is the facilitator for successful implementation of distributed-work. However, research on the implication of different types of IT in distributed-work in an organization is limited. The aim of our research was to study the distributed-worker’s media use empirically, and determine the influential factors that affect the media selection and its effect on distributed-work. To achieve the objectives of the research, a hypothetical model that shows the relationships between media use and contextual factors, individual characteristics, media richness, and social influence was developed and validated. Distributed-workers’ day-to-day, job related, communication information was collected through log-sheets. Data analysis showed that simple communication media, such as telephone and e-mail, is effective enough for carrying out job related activities from remote sites. Contextual, individual, and social level factors were found to influence the media selection of distributed-workers. Though, e-mail is thought to be a lean medium in media richness theory, this study shows that e-mail oriented workers use it effectively even for complex communication tasks, such as discussion.