Different Levels Of Potassium Fertilization Research Articles

Response of Three Garlic Allium Sativum L. Genotypes to Potassium Fertilization Levels

A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station of the College of Agriculture, the University of Anbar for the season (2021-2022) in order to study the effect of different levels of potassium fertilization on the growth, yield and quality of bulbs for three garlic genotypes. The experiment included the use of four levels of potassium fertilization (0, 150, 200, 250) kg/ha, respectively, it was added to three garlic genotypes (local, Chinese, and Egyptian). The study was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates. The results showed that the local cultivar was immunologically superior in vegetative growth characteristics (plant height, leaf area) and reached 100.44 cm and 7.08 cm2 compared to the lowest plant height achieved by plants of the Egyptian cultivar, which amounted to 55.17 cm and the lowest leaf area achieved by the Chinese cultivar plant, which reached 6.96 dm2. The local cultivar and the level of fertilization 250 kg / ha also excelled in the yield trait, as it achieved the highest weight of heads, the highest number of cloves and the highest yield per unit area 91.93 g per clove, 36.24 clove per plant, 36.24 ton / ha compared to the lowest amount achieved by plants of the Chinese cultivar without fertilizing.

Effect of potassium on yield and some qualitative and physiological traits of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under drought stress conditions

Improving the pattern of water consumption in the agricultural sector is one of the necessary measures to manage the water crisis in the country. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress on yield and physiological characteristics of safflower under different amounts of potassium fertilizer. The experiment was performed as a combined analysis in a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2018 and 2019. The main plot consisted of drought stress at three levels of 45%, 65%, and 85% of permissible moisture drain and the subplot consisted of potassium fertilizer at four levels of zero, 75, 150, and 225 kg of potassium sulfate per hectare. In the second year compared to the first year, the amount of proline and seed oil were significantly higher by 23.4% and 4.43%, respectively, and the amount of carbohydrates and chlorophyll a were significantly lower by 11.9% and 27.4%, respectively. With increasing potassium intake, the amount of chlorophyll a increased significantly, and the highest amount of chlorophyll a at the rate of 16.7 mg/L was obtained in the treatment of 225 kg of potassium per hectare. With increasing the intensity of stress from 45% to 85% of moisture drain in different levels of potassium fertilizer, seed yield decreased significantly. Treatment of 85% moisture drain in no application of potassium showed the highest amount of proline. The application of potassium is effective in modulating the negative effects of drought stress on seed yield, qualitative, and physiological characteristics of safflower.

Crescimento inicial de clones de palma forrageira submetidos a níveis de adubação potássica

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of potassium fertilization on the initial growth of forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck) clones. The experiment lasted six months, arranged in a randomized block design, in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with five levels of potassium fertilization (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg of K2O ha-1) and two forage cactus clones (Little Sweet and Giant Sweet), with four replicates. One cladode was planted per pot (experimental unit) with a capacity of 7 kg of soil (24 x 17 x 23 cm). During the experimental period, the plants' structural characteristics were evaluated, such as plant height and width, length, width, thickness, and perimeter of the cladode, as well as accounting for the number of total cladodes, and in order of appearance. At the end of the experiment, biomass was evaluated to determine the fresh matter (FM) and dry matter (DM) yield of the aerial part and the root system. After determining the DM, the potassium content in the plant tissues was determined. The data were submitted to ANOVA and, if necessary, to the Tukey test at a 5% significance level. The potassium fertilization and the forage palm clones did not exert influences based on the variables evaluated during the experimental conduction. Potassium fertilization does not influence the structural and productive characteristics and the potassium content in the N. cochenillifera clones' initial growth.

Effect of salinity stress and different levels of potassium fertilizer on yield quantitative and qualitative of Kochia (Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott)

IntroductionToday, increasing demand for plant products has been coupled with the reduction of the area of cultivated land due to the limitation of water and soil resources. Water and soil salinity are among the factors that prevent the yield of sufficient yield in crops. Live or non-live-stress tensions can have negative effects on plant production and can even threaten the survival of a plant (Boyer, 1982). Salinity stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth and agricultural production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. However, passionate crops such as kochia can be used as a forage, soil remediation, biofuel and green space and carbon stabilizer (Khan and Ansari, 2008). Potassium is the dominant mineral ion in plant solutions and plays an important role in reducing osmotic potential in plant cells. Material and methodsThis research was carried out at the research farm of Agricultural Research Institute of Zabol University in 2016-17. The experiment was split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Salinity stresses were classified into three levels including: 1, 7 and 14 dS.m-1 as the main plot and potassium sulfate fertilizer at three levels: 100, 200 and 300 kg.ha-1 as a sub plots. Each plot was four rows of cultivation, the distance between rows was 50 cm and the distance between 2 plants per row was 20 cm. Each plot consisted of 4 rows of planting. In this research, quantitative traits included: plant height, number of lateral branches, fresh and dry weight of the plant, leaf weight, leaf to stem ratio. And qualitative traits was measured include DMD, water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), acid soluble fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP) and ash ( Ash). For evaluation of forage quality has been used, a NIR device or a near infrared spectrometer, which is the most accurate and, at the same time, the fastest technique for estimating the chemical composition of agricultural products.Analysis of variance of data was performed using SAS software version 9/1. The mean comparison of treatments was done using Duncan test at 5% level. Charts and tables were drawn using Excel and Word software.Results and discussionAccording to the results of analysis of variance of data (Table 2), the main effects of salt stress and potassium fertilizer also showed a significant effect on plant height. Comparison of the mean interactions of the investigated factors showed that at all salinity levels, along with increasing potassium fertilizer, the height also increased with the highest altitude with 300 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate applications in salinity conditions of 1 dS.m-1 (Table 3). Results of analysis of variance of data (Table 4) showed that the effects of salinity stress and potassium fertilizer, as well as their interactions, did not show a significant effect on the DMD of the plant. Comparison of mean of traits showed that salinity stress (1 dsm-1) with 11.49% maximum water soluble carbohydrate and salinity level (14 dsm-1) with 11.44% of the lowest values (Table 5). Also, comparison of mean of traits showed that salinity stress (1 dsm-1) with 12.69% higher and salinity level (14 dsm-1) with the lowest crude protein was 12.34% (Table 5).Comparison of mean of traits showed that salinity stress (1 dsm-1) with 12.69% had the highest crude protein and salinity level (14 dsm-1) with 12.34% of the lowest values (Table 5). ConclusionsThe results of the study on the effect of salinity stress and different levels of potassium on the quantitative characteristics of Kochi showed that all quantitative traits were completely subjected to salt stress and significantly decreased. The highest forage yield belonged to irrigation with salinity of 1 dSm-1 and lowest for irrigation with salinity of 14 dsm-1. It seems that salinity was more effective on the quantitative traits of the plant and did not affect the quality of forage.

Cassava Cultivars Response to Different Levels of Potassium Fertilization under Drip Irrigation and Sandy Soil Conditions

Two field experiments were conducted at Nubaria region (Behira Governorate), Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 to study the response of vegetative growth, yield and quality of cassava crop. Three cassava cultivars (i.e., American, Brazilian and Indonesian cultivar) and three levels of potassium fertilizers (i.e., 75, 150 and 250kg K2Ofed-1) were investigated. The results indicated that, American cassava cultivar recorded the highest vegetative growth, yield and its quality as well as higher chemical composition plants, which were received 250 kg K2Ofed-1. This study also confirmed that the optimum K- nutrition for cassava under sandy soils might support the cultivated cassava plants in their growth, yield and yield quality. This work also could present more details about the suitability of some cassava cultivars to cultivate under sandy soils and drip irrigation and which dose of K-nutrient should be applied. Further investigations are needed to carry out to make a complete program for the fertilization and irrigation of different cassava cultivars under arid conditions in Egypt.

Effect of Different Levels of Potassium Fertilizer on the Yield Components of BARI Bush Bean-2

A field experiment was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm during the Rabi season of November 2008 to March 2009 to investigate effect of different levels of potassium fertilizer on the yield components of BARI Bush Bean-2. The red brown terrace soil of Tejgaon was silty clay loam having pH 5.6. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment comprises 4 levels of potassium in the form of MoP (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg potassium/ha). The results revealed that different levels of potassium showed significant variations on the yield and yield components of BARI Bush Bean-2. The treatment K40 (40 kg potassium) gave the maximum pod length (10.90 cm), pod diameter (2.95 cm), average single pod weight (5.49 g), total pod weight per plant (25.37 g), pod yield per plot (1795.83 g) and pod yield per hectare (4.38 ton). Thus the results of the experiment suggested that the use of 40 kg potassium produced highest yield of BARI Bush Bean-2 in red brown terrace soil of the Tejgaon series.

Manganese accumulation and plant physiology behavior of Camellia oleifera in response to different levels of potassium fertilization

The effects of potassium (K) fertilization (KCl, analytically pure; 0, 60, 200, and 400 mg kg−1) on the growth and Mn accumulation of Camellia oleifera in two types of Mn-contaminated soils were investigated. The potential mechanisms underlying the impacts of K fertilization were explored. C. oleifera accumulated high amounts of Mn in both soil conditions. The addition of K fertilizer decreased the soil pH and promoted Mn accumulation in C. oleifera. However, the plant biomass decreased significantly under the high level of K fertilization (400 mg kg−1), and the oxidative stress was stimulated under Mn contamination. But an appropriate concentration of K fertilizer (200 mg kg−1) was necessary for the formation of photosynthesis pigments, nonenzymatic antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, metabolic processes, and nutrient uptake. Furthermore, when plants supplemented with a low level of K fertilization (200 mg kg−1), the catalase activity in C. oleifera leaves was enhanced to alleviate oxidative stress and protect the plant from Mn contamination. Our study demonstrated that 200 mg kg−1 of K fertilizer has the potential to further enhance the efficiency of Mn phytoremediation by C. oleifera.

Response and productivity of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) by different levels of potassium fertilizer in farm soils

BackgroundGarlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used as a medicine throughout ancient and modern history; it has been taken to prevent and treat a wide range of conditions and diseases. In Bangladesh, the demand for garlic increases day by day, but on the other hand, due to a shortage of land, production of garlic is not up to the mark. However, to solve the problem, a pot culture experiment was conducted at the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of November 2007 to March 2008 to examine the effect of potassium (K) on the growth, yield, nutrient content, and its uptake by garlic.ResultsIn this study, six levels of K viz. 0, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250 kg ha−1 were used as treatments. All the parameters, i.e., plant height, number of leaves plant−1, fresh and dry weights of leaves (g plant−1), fresh and dry weights of bulb (g plant−1), bulb diameter, and number of cloves bulb−1 significantly varied due to different doses of K application. The maximum total yield and size of garlic bulb were obtained with potassium application at 200 kg ha−1. Potassium at 200 kg ha−1 produced the highest fresh and dry weights of bulbs and leaves, diameter, moisture content, number of cloves, and yield as compared to the other treatments. The uptake of nutrients like N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, B, and Na significantly varied due to the application of different doses of K. The highest contents and nutrient uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, B, and Na were found with potassium application at 200 kg ha−1.ConclusionsThe overall results suggested that the yield of garlic increased with increasing potassium fertilizer, where K application at 200 kg ha−1 is suitable for obtaining maximum yield.

Response of Three Varieties of Cowpea( Vigna sinensis L.) to Different levels of potassium fertilizer under southern region conditions of Iraq

A field experiment was conducted during autumn season 2018 at Al Salam district, Maysan governorate. The aim was to evaluate some growth properties and grain yield of three varieties of cowpea, Vigna sinensis L. (Local, Patton Boa and Atta E) grown under different levels of potassium sulphate (0, 43, 86 and 129 kg h-1). The experimental design was applied according to the random complete block design in a split arrangement (Split Plots in RCBD). In on hand, the results showed a significant differences between the varieties. The local variety significantly gave highest plant length , leaf area, pods number, seeds number pod-1 and grain yield and which were 60.75cm, 2936.81cm2, 39.60 pod. plant-1, 7.69 seed pod-1, 99.93 g and 4.16 t. h-1 respectively. While the varieties Baton Boa gave highest weight of 100 seeds and gave 37.58 g. In other hand, as compare to the control, the addition of potassium up to 129 kg. h-1 lead to significant increase in plant length, leaf area, pods plant-1, seeds number pod-1 and grain yield plant-1 and total grain yield which were 53.33 cm, 3455.91 cm2, 51.61 pod. plant-1, 8.76 seed. pod-1, 125.93 g. and 5.25 T.h-1 respectively. Whereas, the control treatment (K0) gave the highest weight of 100 seeds (45.11 g). The Interaction between varieties and potassium had a significant effect on almost growth and yield characteristics.

Response of different Jordanian barley cultivars to different levels of potassium fertilizer in arid and semiarid areas

Response of different Jordanian barley cultivars to different levels of potassium fertilizer in arid and semiarid areas

Response of Newly Introduced Tomato Cultivars to different levels of potassium fertilizer under controlled Environment condition.

Response of Newly Introduced Tomato Cultivars to different levels of potassium fertilizer under controlled Environment condition.

Response of Newly Introduced Tomato Cultivars to different levels of potassium fertilizer under controlled Environment condition

The experiment was carried out during growing season (2016-2017) at station of greenhouses, AL-muthanna university- collage of agriculture- second research station (Al-Bander) to study the response of introduced tomato cultivars to different concentrations of potassium under protected agriculture conditions. The research included three cultivars (Pusa ruby - Arka vikash- Arka Alok) and three levels of Potassium Fertilizer (90-180-270 kg/ha-1). The Randomized Complete Block Design with factorial experiment (RCBD) with three replicates. The results showed the superiority of Arka Alok variety over others in plant height 121.76 cm, fruit width 6.82 cm, fruit length 4.23 cm, average fruit weight 130.61g, leaf area 129.5 cm2, the yield per plant 2.16 kg. The potassium level (270 Kg/ha-1) was also significantly higher in plant height 118.79 cm, fruit width 5.477 cm, fruit length 3.536 cm, 84.60 g, leaf area 127.3 cm2, TSS 4.97 and chlorophyll content 406.89 mg.m2 and yield per plant 2.16 kg. While the interaction showed significant difference (Arka Alok × 270 Kg.ha-1) in fruit length was 4.24 cm, chlorophyll content was 374.91 mg. m2 and the yield per plant was 2.82 kg. plant-1

Effect of Different Levels of Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Fruit Quality of Old Trees of "Balady" Orange A: Effect of Different Levels of Potassium Fertilizer on Some Physical Prop-erties and Yield Parameters of "Balady" Orange

Effect of Different Levels of Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Fruit Quality of Old Trees of "Balady" Orange A: Effect of Different Levels of Potassium Fertilizer on Some Physical Prop-erties and Yield Parameters of "Balady" Orange

Effects of different levels of potassium fertilization on yield, quality and storage life of onion (Allium cepa L.) at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia.

In Ethiopia the yield of Onion (Allium cepa L.) is far below the national standards owing to several factors; absence of location specific fertilizer recommendation being the major among others. Thus, field and laboratory experiments were undertaken at Jimma in collaboration with Jimma University, Department of Post-harvest Management. Potassium sulphate fertilizer as TSP was used at 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1 levels with three replications. GenStat 12.1 version computer software packages were employed to analyze the data. From the results potassium fertilizer application at different levels showed significant effects on growth, yield and quality parameters i.e. Plant height, leaf length, leaf number, sheath length, bolters percentage, days to maturity, harvest index, mean bulb weight, bulb length, bulb diameter, TSS (oBrix), DMC (%) and bulb shape index. Similarly, keeping quality of the onion bulbs including bulb sprouts (%), weight loss (%), weeks to 50% bulb sprouts and storage rots (%) were highly influenced by application of K at different levels. Maximum (120 kgha-1) application of potassium significantly decreased bulb rots (%), bulb sprouts (%), weight loss (%) and prolonged weeks to 50% bulb sprout during the two month storage time at ambient storage temperature and humidity. This could be recommended for the uses by potential onion investors or farmers in the study area. Nevertheless, more researches are needed in different locations and on different soils in various season to come up with specific soil test based fertilizer recommendation.

Yield, Quality and Natural Infestation with Insect and Disease of Four Sugarcane Varieties as Affected by Different Levels of Potassium Fertilization

The present experiments were carried out in El-Mattana Research Station (latitude of 25.25°N and longitude of 32.31°E), AgriculturalResearchCenter, Luxor Governorate, Egypt. The present work was conducted on two plant cane crops grown in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons to study the yield, quality and natural of infestation with lesser sugarcane borer, Chilo agamemnon Bles., and pokkah boeng disease (Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon) and other diseases of four sugarcane varieties (G.T.54-9, G.2003-47, Ph 8013 and C. 57-14) as affected by three levels of potassium fertilization (zero, 24 and 48 kg K2O/fed.). The results showed that the difference in mostly traits between sugarcane variety G.T.54-9 and G.2003-47 was insignificant, they surpassed the other two varieties in number of millable canes and cane and sugar yield/fed. Also, they recorded the highest percentages of infestation with C. agamemnon Bles., and pokkah boeng, during the two successive seasons. The sugarcane variety Ph 8013 showed significant superiority in stalk weight, sucrose% and sugar recovery%. However, the variance between the two sugarcane varieties namely Ph 8013 and G.2003-47 in sucrose% and sugar recovery% was insignificant. Increasing the applied dose of potassium fertilizer up to 48 kg K2O/fed. was accompanied by a significant increase in the values of number of millable canes, stalk weight/plant and sugar yields as well as decreased of percentage of infestation with C. agamemnon Bles., and pokkah boeng disease, during the two successive seasons. However, the variance between 24 and 48 K2O/fed. in sucrose%, sugar recovery% and cane yields/fed. was insignificant during the two successive seasons. Fertilizing sugar cane crop by 24 and 48 kg K2O/fed. increased cane yield by 6.47 % & 7.51 % during the first season and 4.51 % & 11.34 % during the second season, respectively, compared with check treatment.

INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF BANANA FRUIT IN BRASÍLIA

The present work aimed to evaluate quantitative and qualitative aspects of the initial productivity of the ‘BRS Tropical’ banana under different levels of potassium fertilization and irrigation volumes. The tests were arranged in four randomized blocks, which were consisted of a 5x5 factorial design, in slit-plot design. These plots were formed by fve different applied volumes of water in liters per pit (1090 – 2177 – 4300 – 6540 – 8720), which were equivalent to the amount of irrigation of water of 121 mm, 242 mm, 478 mm, 727 mm and 969 mm regarding the range of 9 m2 for each pit. The subplots were formed by fve levels of potassium in Kg.ha-1 (0 – 167 – 334 – 500 – 667). Both volumes of irrigation and levels of potassium were provided during the years of 2013 and 2014. The variables analyzed were for productivity, number of bunches per ha, number of hands per bunches, number of bananas per bunch, number of bananas per hand, average fruit weight, average length and diameter of the banana, the ratio between diameter and length and average pulp consistency. The doses of 500 Kg.ha-1 of K2O and 6,540 liters of water per pit provided the highest productivity (11,752 Kg.ha-1). The volumes of water were only statistically signifcant to the mass of fruit, as well as its length and diameter. The potassium application required caution, because excessive doses of potassium are harmful to productivity and quality of the fruit.

The effect of different levels of humic acid and potassium fertilizer on physiological indices of growth

In order to investigate the interactive effect of humic acid and different levels of potassium fertilizer on physiological indices of cowpea, a split plot experiment in the form of randomized complete blocks design with four replications was carried out in Shahid Salemi Field located in Ahvaz in 2011-20121. The studied factors include three levels of potassium fertilizer (0, 200, and 300 kg/h) and three levels of humic acid (0, 50, 100ppm). Traits such as leaf area index (LAI), total dry weight (TDW), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) were measured. Changes trend of dry matter significantly increased at density of 100 ppm humic acid and 300 kg/ha potassium. Leaf area index increased at density of 100 ppm humic acid and 300 kg/ha potassium. NAR index, like other growth indices, responded to consumption of humic acid and potassium fertilizer.

Acid accumulation on detached fruits of tomato

This study was made to investigate the possible ability of acid production and accumulation of fruits themselves by using detached fruits of tomato (cv. Fukuju No. 2), and to make clear the role of base or potassium in regulating the acid accumulation.Tomato fruits were detached from plants at several stages and were kept in the room controlled at 20°C. The total acidity of detached fruits increased steadily when detached at the stages of green fruits. In the case, however, that the fruits were detached at the turning, the decrease of total acidity was found. The titratable acidity of detached fruits showed the change similar to that of total acidity. Combined acidity, on the other hand, made comparatively small change.For the experiment on the role of potassium (K) or base, i. e., combined acidity (C), fruits were detached on 35 days after flowering from the plants grown under different levels of potassium fertilizer and were kept in 20°C room until turning. On the fruits on vine 35 days after flowering, the linear relations were observed between total acidity and potassium content or combined acidity, i. e., T=1.19K+1.72, T=1.44C+0.79, respectively. Such linear relations were found also on fruits which were detached on 35 days after flowering and kept in 20°C room until turning, i, e., T=1.90K+1.95, T=2.22C +0.93, respectively.These liner relations mean that the increment of total acidity (ΔT) after detached until turning was dependent on potassium content or combined acidity. Then, supposing that there was no change on potassium content or combined acidity after detached, the increment of total acidity will be expressed as follows, ΔT=0.71K+0.23 or ΔT=0.78C+0.14.From these results, it was suggested that tomato fruits which were detached from plants at green stages were able to synthesize and to accumulate acids. Besides, the fact that the detached fruits can accumulate acids was thought to be based on the following two conditions, namely (a) the ratio of acid to base, i. e., the ratio of total acidity to combined acidity is maintained at a certain value if the developmental stage of fruits is the same, and (b) the ratio of acid to base becomes higher as the time after detached elapses, during which the physiological development on detached fruits may proceed.

Influence of Potassium Fertilization on Enzymatic Activity, Phenolic Content and Discoloration of Potatoes

SUMMARY— Ontario potatoes, representing a variety that is very susceptible to precooking blackening, were grown in each of two consecutive years at different levels of potassium fertilization. In each of the two years of the study, the discoloration and total phenolic content of tubers decreased as potash applications were increased from 140 to 400 or 540 lb. per acre. The differences in discoloration were significant at the 1% level and the differences in phenolic content at the 5% level. Potatoes grown at high levels of potassium fertilization had higher cytochrome oxidase activity than those grown at lower levels. Potassium fertilization had no significant effect on polyphenol oxidase activity. A positive correlation (0.830) was found between the phenolic content and discoloration of potatoes as affected by potassium fertilizer.