Different Levels Of Personalization Research Articles

Classification of gait variation under mental workload in big five personalities

BackgroundHuman behavior patterns involve mutual interactions among psychology, physiology, and stress, which are all associated with gait at different grades. Research questionsThe study aims to reveal the interrelationship among personality, mental workload, and gait patterns by capturing gait variations using inertial sensors. It also assesses individual personality traits and simulates stress to construct a gait classification model. MethodsSixty participants were instructed to perform regular, low, and high mental workload walking on the corridor to simulate a natural setting walking. Meanwhile inertial measurement units (IMUs) were placed on eight body parts. Mental workload was induced using the auditory n-back task, and their Big Five personality traits were evaluated. Gait data from IMUs were categorized into nine classifications of average, low, and high Big Five Inventory scores with three levels of mental workload walking. Subsequently, the segmentation gait data were used as input features for classifications in deep learning models, employing a sliding window long short-term memory network for nine classifications for different personality dimensions. ResultsThe results indicated average accuracies of nine classifications were 83.6 % for Openness, 84.4 % for Conscientiousness, 82.0 % for Extraversion, 85.2 % for Agreeableness, and 84.5 % for Neuroticism across all IMU placements. Remarkably, gait data from the lower back IMU achieved the highest model performance, with an average accuracy of 92.7 %, in classifying the different levels of personality and mental workload walking. In contrast, the left wrist and chest showed several misclassifications among regular, low, and high mental workload walking across personality traits. SignificanceSuccessful classification can help monitor an individual's mental state in real time and analyze personality dimensions, providing feedback and suggestions. The present study demonstrated that gait characteristics can contribute to more profound and personalized health information.

PERSONALITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MEN'S DENIM JEANS: MUSIC AND FASHION PERSPECTIVE EDUCATION IN 4TH IR

When we observe people around us, one of the first things that strikes us is how different people are from one another. Some people are very talkative while others are very quiet. Some are active whereas others are couch potatoes. Some worry a lot; others almost never seem anxious. Each time we use one of these words, words like talkative, quiet, active, or anxious, to describe those around us, we are talking about a person’s personality the characteristic ways that people differ from one another. Personality psychologists try to describe and understand these differences. Recent years have witnessed the ascendance of a new way to conceptualize and investigate the acceptance of men’s denim jeans at different levels of personality and psychological describe ways in which people are different from each other. This follows Maslow concepts and psychological needs. In relation, many Malaysian artists favour jeans wearing during stage shows, drama shooting or film and daily life. For instance, both the artist and the music they sing can play a huge role in which direction the fashion industry moves. Research design is inextricably linked to data analysis. An appropriate design can ensure that the substantive and statistical assumptions for the data analysis such as the assumptions that obtained from the questionnaire distributed to respondents. The hypothesis was tested among 40 male respondents are randomly selected, aged from 23 to 30 years old near Kuala Lumpur from different background such as professional and non-professional. These results provide support for the time horizon hypothesis and suggest further attention to the factors in investigation for future research. The objectives are to understand the cutting styles that fits the person by being able to differentiate various styles available reflecting men’s personality towards jeans styles. By undertaking a quantitative method, the study was able to provide an insight into the personality of self-identity reflection towards men in Kuala Lumpur using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study emphasizes on whether men’s personality was reflected by different styles of denim jeans. There are signs that this personality and psychological perspectives emerging as a potentially integrative paradigm for personality and psychology as well. This special issue highlights this new appearance and its relevance to a broad of topics in personality and psychology. Result from analysis proves that slim fit jeans was the type of jeans that had the best choice among respondents, followed by straight cut jeans, skinny jeans, regular jeans and tapered jeans. For section ‘denim jeans as reflection of self- identity, it was found that the highest mean score recorded was the statement ‘I like jeans as a casual wear’.

Health on Social Media: Mediatization of Subjective Experience?

Social media arguably have transformed the way people communicate about health. Research has documented that social media offer a forum for the expression of subjective experience, feelings, and personal management of illness, marking a groundbreaking shift from illness as a private experience, to the personalization of public health debates. Most studies, however, are focused on specific patient groups and forums dedicated to health and do not cover a broader range of postings, political debate, and information sharing on social media. With this backdrop, this paper explores the bigger picture of health communication on social media by harnessing machine learning methods including supervised classification and topic modeling applied to 280,000 Norwegian social media posts published on Twitter, Online Forums, and Instagram during the period 2012-2018. The results show that only one-third of the posts can be characterized as personalized communication. Furthermore, there are important differences across social media platforms—the forums being most personalized and Twitter being less personalized. The topic analysis reveals that health communication on social media reflects three sets of concerns—illness or health conditions, the health care system and its professionals, and life-styles issues—that display different levels of personalization across platforms and over time.

Modeling Musculoskeletal Dynamics during Gait: Evaluating the Best Personalization Strategy through Model Anatomical Consistency

No consensus exists on how to model human articulations within MSK models for the analysis of gait dynamics. We propose a method to evaluate joint models and we apply it to three models with different levels of personalization. The method evaluates the joint model’s adherence to the MSK hypothesis of negligible joint work by quantifying ligament and cartilage deformations resulting from joint motion; to be anatomically consistent, these deformations should be minimum. The contrary would require considerable external work to move the joint, violating a strong working hypothesis and raising concerns about the credibility of the MSK outputs. Gait analysis and medical resonance imaging (MRI) from ten participants were combined to build lower limb subject-specific MSK models. MRI-reconstructed anatomy enabled three levels of personalization using different ankle joint models, in which motion corresponded to different ligament elongation and cartilage co-penetration. To estimate the impact of anatomical inconsistency in MSK outputs, joint internal forces resulting from tissue deformations were computed for each joint model and MSK simulations were performed ignoring or considering their contribution. The three models differed considerably for maximum ligament elongation and cartilage co-penetration (between 5.94 and 50.69% and between −0.53 and −5.36 mm, respectively). However, the model dynamic output from the gait simulations were similar. When accounting for the internal forces associated with tissue deformation, outputs changed considerably, the higher the personalization level the smaller the changes. Anatomical consistency provides a solid method to compare different joint models. Results suggest that consistency grows with personalization, which should be tailored according to the research question. A high level of anatomical consistency is recommended when individual specificity and the behavior of articular structures is under investigation.

Cognitive ability and personality: Testing broad to nuanced associations with a smartphone app

The present work provides robust insights into how cognitive ability is correlated to personality traits. We investigated how cognitive ability (operationalized as facets of working memory capacity) is linked to the Big Five personality traits on broader domain- and facet-levels, as well as with individual personality inventory items. The effective sample comprised 1211 people (55% female; age M = 31.39, SD = 11.76) who participated in the study via a smartphone application where they filled out a personality test, and solved six working memory capacity tasks (based on two binding paradigms with different stimulus types). In addition to bivariate analyses, we used network analysis to model cognitive ability in relation to personality on different aggregation levels. We found that Openness, its facet Intellectual and some items of the Openness domain were consistently associated with cognitive ability tasks. While some of the earlier findings were replicated, we also provide novel findings with robust methodology across different levels of personality and by differentiating the facets of cognition. All in all, personality is not substantially correlated with cognitive ability, and the links with Openness are weak.

The relational regulation of within-person variation in personality expression.

There is renewed interest in how people express different levels of personality across situations or times (within-person variation). However, within-person studies typically do not focus on the specific relationship partners that are linked to the expression of personality. To remedy this, we applied relational regulation theory (RRT) to the study of within-person variation. RRT states that specific relationship partners are important social contexts for understanding within-person variation and describes how people regulate their affect, action and thought through interacting with or thinking about specific partners. In three studies of students (Ns=136, 349, 110), participants rated their levels of six- or five-factor personality dimensions when with or thinking about different relationship partners. Personality expression was strongly consistent across partners. Yet, in each study, there were also strong effects whereby more extraversion, agreeableness and openness were expressed when with some partners but not others. In each study, when a recipient saw a relationship as supportive, the recipient expressed more extraversion, agreeableness, and openness. Effects for emotionality and conscientiousness were less consistent. Theoretical implications for RRT and within-person variation in personality were discussed.

Musculoskeletal Model Personalization Affects Metabolic Cost Estimates for Walking.

Assessment of metabolic cost as a metric for human performance has expanded across various fields within the scientific, clinical, and engineering communities. As an alternative to measuring metabolic cost experimentally, musculoskeletal models incorporating metabolic cost models have been developed. However, to utilize these models for practical applications, the accuracy of their metabolic cost predictions requires improvement. Previous studies have reported the benefits of using personalized musculoskeletal models for various applications, yet no study has evaluated how model personalization affects metabolic cost estimation. This study investigated the effect of musculoskeletal model personalization on estimates of metabolic cost of transport (CoT) during post-stroke walking using three commonly used metabolic cost models. We analyzed walking data previously collected from two male stroke survivors with right-sided hemiparesis. The three metabolic cost models were implemented within three musculoskeletal modeling approaches involving different levels of personalization. The first approach used a scaled generic OpenSim model and found muscle activations via static optimization (SOGen). The second approach used a personalized electromyographic (EMG)-driven musculoskeletal model with personalized functional axes but found muscle activations via static optimization (SOCal). The third approach used the same personalized EMG-driven model but calculated muscle activations directly from EMG data (EMGCal). For each approach, the muscle activation estimates were used to calculate each subject’s CoT at different gait speeds using three metabolic cost models (Umberger et al., 2003; Bhargava et al., 2004; Umberger, 2010). The calculated CoT values were compared with published CoT data as a function of walking speed, step length asymmetry, stance time asymmetry, double support time asymmetry, and severity of motor impairment (i.e., Fugl-Meyer score). Overall, only SOCal and EMGCal with the Bhargava metabolic cost model were able to reproduce accurately published experimental trends between CoT and various clinical measures of walking asymmetry post-stroke. Tuning of the parameters in the different metabolic cost models could potentially resolve the observed CoT magnitude differences between model predictions and experimental measurements. Realistic CoT predictions may allow researchers to predict human performance, surgical outcomes, and rehabilitation outcomes reliably using computational simulations.

Advancing the cultural study of personality and identity: models, methods, and outcomes

Personality and identity are overlapping but distinct constructs. This article describes the three-level model of personality and, specifically, how identity fits within it. Importantly, identity operates at multiple levels of personality, depending on whether the focus is on domain-specific identity development processes or the integrated life story on a broad scale. The strength of the three-level model of personality is then described with respect to a) how it provides an ideal framework for cultural psychological inquiries into universality and specificity, b) how it is well suited for mixed methods research that combines quantitative and qualitative methods, and c) how different levels of personality may be related to psychological outcomes.

Traits and stories: links between dispositional and narrative features of personality.

Dispositional traits and life narratives represent two different levels of personality that have not previously been empirically linked. The current study tested five hypotheses connecting Big-Five traits to life-narrative indices of emotional tone, theme, and structure. Students (Study 1) and adults (Study 2) completed a self-report measure of the Big-Five traits and provided extended written accounts of either ten (students) or eight (adults) key life-narrative scenes, including life high points, low points, and turning points. Content analysis of the narrative data revealed that for both samples Neuroticism was positively associated with an emotionally negative life-narrative tone, Agreeableness was correlated with narrative themes of communion (e.g., friendship, caring for others), and Openness was strongly associated with the structural complexity of life narrative accounts. Contrary to prediction, however, Conscientiousness was not consistently associated with themes of agency (e.g., achievement, self-mastery) and Extraversion was unrelated to positive narrative tone. The results are discussed in the context of contemporary research and theorizing on the narrative study of lives and the relation of narrative research in personality to more conventional, trait-based approaches.

Perceptual style, locus of control, and personality in urban white college students

The relationship between locus of control of reinforcement, perceptual style, and personality variables was investigated using a population of 133 white urban college men and women. No relationship was found between Rod-and-Frame Test scores and three different measures of internal-external locus of control. No personality variables were found common to both Rod-and-Frame Test scores and the internal-external locus of control inventories. The personality variables presumably attributed to the field dependent individual were not confirmed. The more statements of an intrapersonal nature the locus of control inventory in question contained, the more personality variables attributed to the internally controlled individual were found to be significantly correlated with the internal-external scores. Results suggest that the Rod-and-Frame Test and internal-external control inventories are tapping different levels of personality functioning for this age group.

Interpersonal changes among psychiatric patients in human relations training.

Summary This study was part of a continuing evaluation of the Patients Training Laboratory at the VA Hospital in Houston, Texas. The Interpersonal System developed by Leary was used to evaluate different levels of personality in 85 patients who had completed the four-week program. The results showed a significant change from submission to dominance had occurred in their public behavior, self-description, and cognitive style. These confirmed findings of earlier studies which indicated the program's success in creating an atmosphere where participation increased via more open critical behavior. Lack of change in an affiliative direction was discussed, with possible reasons for this result, along with suggestions for an emphasis on an “affiliation motive.”