Different Domains Of Quality Research Articles

IJCM_301A: Perceived stigma and quality of life in patients living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral therapy centre in a tertiary care hospital in Jammu.

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant global health challenge, affecting the well-being of millions around the world. While HIV treatments have demonstrated effectiveness, ongoing research indicates the persistence of various psychosocial challenges that tend to compromise the quality of life for individuals coping with HIV/AIDS. Notably, stigma associated with HIV/ AIDS remains widespread among affected individuals, exerting detrimental impacts on their overall quality of life Objective: To assess the quality of life in patients living with HIV/AIDS and to assess the relationship between perceived stigma and quality of life in patients living with HIV/AIDS attending an antiretroviral therapy centre in a tertiary care hospital in Jammu Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with HIV/AIDS over a period of 8 months who were attending an antiretroviral therapy centre in a tertiary care hospital of Jammu city of UT of J&K, using systematic random sampling. Patients were administered a questionnaire comprising socio-demographic data, (Pozqol scale) for quality of life and a short version (HSS-12) of the Berger HIV Stigma Scale. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software Results: A total of 300 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 42.13±10.48. Mean scores for psychological, social, health and functional domains of quality of life were 10.79±3.76, 10.18±3.70, 8.81±3.16 and 10.76±3.35 respectively. Overall quality of life was found to be significantly associated with marital status and HIV status of spouse/partner. There were significant negative correlations between various dimensions of stigma and different domains of quality of life Conclusion: Our findings indicated that higher HIV/AIDS-related perceived stigma decreases the quality of life in patients living with HIV/AIDS. “Prioritizing efforts to reduce stigma, enhance healthcare plans, and improve economic conditions is crucial for fostering improvements in the overall quality of life and its associated domains in the lives of patients living with HIV/AIDS.”

The impact of the severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome on quality of life

IntroductionThe negative impact of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) on the quality of life of affected individuals is one of the serious consequences of this pathology. Consideration of this quality of life as one of the therapeutic objectives is essential.Objectivesto evaluate the impact of the severity of OSA on quality of life in affected patientsMethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving 40 patients diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography in the Sleep unit, department of Neurophysilogy at Sahloul university hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. This study was based on a generic questionnaire (SF-12) to assess the quality of life.ResultsThe mean age was 49.7 ± 7.87 years with a sex ratio of 1.10. The mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 29.72. OSA was mild, moderate and severe in 40%, 22.5% and 37.5% of cases respectively. The majority of our patients had an impaired quality of life with an ave[1]rage score of 42.78. There was a positive linear relationship between physical and mental components of the SF-12 and AHI (p= 0.026 and p=0.019 respectively). Mental component of the SF-12 was significantly associated with treatment with CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) (p=0.014).ConclusionsOur study has shown that the severity of OSA has an impact on different domains of quality of life. The management of this disease should not be limited to controlling the disease but should aim for overall patient satisfaction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Effectiveness of Motivational Enhancement Therapy on Coping Skill and Quality of Life in Alcohol Dependency Syndrome Patients

Background: The Arabic word "AlKohol," which meaning "a fine impalpable powder with which Eastern ladies paint their eyebrow, and used lately to refer to anything of highest perfection," is the source of the English word "alcohol" (Skinner, 1970). Aim: The current study aims to evaluate and compare the quality of life and coping skills of patients with alcohol dependency Pre and Post applying application of motivational enhancement therapy. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The sample consists of 10 patients were diagnosed with alcohol dependence using a purposive sampling selected from the outpatient department of the CIIMHANS, Dewada, Rajnandgoan, India. Further these patients divided into two groups as experimental group (5) and control group (5). Tools used Brief coping and Quality of life questionnaire. Results: Result of the current study revealed that the experiment group of alcohol dependence patients improved in different domains of quality of life and coping after the application of motivational enhancement therapy treatment and exhibited enhanced quality of life and coping skills as compared to control group. International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM) Volume: 08 Issue: 02 | February - 2024 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930 © 2024, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM28829 | Page 2 Conclusion: Motivational Enhancement Therapy allows patients to have an optimistic attitude on life, accepts difficult events, deal with the present, and adopt suitable behaviors to cope with negative thoughts and feelings by enhancing psychological flexibility and improving self motivation. Key Words: Motivational Enhancement Therapy, Alcohol Dependence patients, coping skill and quality of life.

Effects of occupational therapy on quality of life in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective was to discuss the impact of occupational therapy on different domains of quality of life in breast cancer patients. We performed a literature search to identify articles published before June 27, 2023, using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. The objective was to discuss the impact of occupational therapy on different domains of quality of life in breast cancer patients. We performed a literature search to identify articles published before June 27, 2023, using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. This study was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Randomized controlled trials that reported the effects of occupational therapy on quality of life in breast cancer patients were identified. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility, extracted data, and determined risks of bias. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Galbraith plots, meta-regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis were used to identify heterogeneity in treatment effects. Eight studies were included, with a total of 543 patients. The experimental group exhibited better global health (pooled SMD = 0.640, 95% CI = 0.251-1.028, P = .001), physical health (pooled SMD = 0.640, 95% CI = 0.251-1.028, P = .019), social health (pooled SMD = 0.251, 95% CI = 0.011-0.490, P = .040), and cognitive function (pooled SMD = 0.863, 95% CI = 0.266-1.460, P = .05) and improve fatigue (pooled SMD = -0.389, 95% CI = -0.586 to -0.192, P = .000), and role function (pooled SMD = 0.287, 95% CI = 0.029-0.546, P = .029) than the control group. The 2 groups exhibited comparable emotional health (pooled SMD = 0.243, 95% CI = -0.051 to 0.536, P = .105) and pain (pooled SMD = -0.312, 95% CI = -0.660 to 0.036, P = .079). The current evidence shows that occupational therapy can improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients, especially their global health, physical health, social health, cognitive function, fatigue, and role function.

Association of Socio-demographic Determinants with Quality of Life among Road Traffic Accident Victims

Background: Road traffic accidents are the sixth leading cause of death in India with a greater share of hospitalization, disabilities, deaths, and socio-economic losses. Objectives: To assess the socio-demographic determinants associated with quality-of-life among road traffic accident victims. Methodology: A community-based, longitudinal study was conducted for 2 years in South India. Simple random sampling was employed to include 169 accident victims. Baseline data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire on socio-demographic details and using SF-32. Follow-up was at the 6th and 12th month from the day of accident. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi-data manager 4.2.0. Written informed consent from each participant was sought. Ethical clearance was obtained. Results: The mean ± standard deviation age of the subjects was found to be 36.2 ± 11.4 years. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant incremental change in quality of life among the accident survivors at baseline, 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05). Socio-economic determinants such as education, occupation, marital status, and religion were found to be associated with different domains of quality of life. (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The improvement in the quality of life of the victims over 1-year period was found to be significant.

Psychological distress predicts quality of life in the first months of cancer diagnosis in cancer caregivers

ABSTRACT In cancer caregivers, anxiety and depression may negatively impact quality of life. Information regarding correlations and the predictive capacity of anxiety and depression with regard to the domains of quality of life of caregivers 6 months after a patient’s cancer diagnosis is sparse. Sixty-seven caregivers of cancer patients were recruited and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) 30–45 days (T1) and 180–200 days (T2) after diagnosis. Depression and anxiety (T1) correlated with quality of life in terms of general health, vitality, social functioning, as well as role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health (T2). Depression scores at T1 predicted general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems and mental health. Although these results are interesting, it must be noted that the sample size was somewhat limited and that the patients’ cancer types may have influenced the results obtained. Psychological distress, particularly depression, correlated with and acted as a predictor for changes in the different domains of quality of life, highlighting the relevance of the evaluation of psychological distress in cancer caregivers shortly after cancer diagnosis. These results underscore the importance of differentiating between the different domains in the evaluation of impairments of quality of life in cancer caregivers.

Role of DSM5 anxious distress specifier interview in acute manic episode: sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation and quality of life

BackgroundDSM 5 anxious distress specifier is one of the newly added specifiers for bipolar and related disorders. It may have impacts on the symptoms severity, insight, impulsivity, and different domains of quality of life of acute manic episodes of bipolar disorders. The current study aimed to study the effects of DSM 5 anxious distress specifier in acute manic episodes and its relation to sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics, and quality of life. 380 patients with the diagnosis of acute manic episode were recruited in the study, sociodemographic data, clinical features, DSM 5 anxious distress specifier interview, attitude and insight of the disorder, impulsivity and different aspects of quality of life were also evaluated in those patients.ResultsThe studied patients were divided into 2 subgroups according to the presence of high DSM5 anxious distress specifier interview score. The duration of a manic episode (P < 0.001), the severity of the manic episode (P < 0.001), and the presence of psychotic features (P = 0.002) were more common in the subgroup with high DSM 5 anxious distress. DSM 5 anxious distress specifier was severe (P < 0.001) and more frequent (P < 0.001) in the 1st subgroup than the 2nd one. There was a statistically significant difference regarding the attentional facet of the Barratt impulsiveness scale between the studied groups (P = 0.002). In addition, there was a statistically significant difference regarding the mean score (P < 0.001) and severe impairment (P < 0.001) domains of work and social adjustment scale between the 2 subgroups.ConclusionsDSM 5 anxious distress specifier interview is a very crucial parameter of evaluation the patients with acute manic episodes which may have implications on the clinical presentations, symptoms severity, impulsivity, and variable aspects of quality of life in those patients. All these implications might change the course, prognosis, and outcomes of an acute manic episode of bipolar disorder.

Effects of Adapted Sports on Quality of Life in People with Physical Disabilities: A Brief Review

Regular physical activity (PA) improves overall health, reduces the risk of many diseases, strengthens muscles and bones, lowers blood pressure, slows resting heart rate, increases lung capacity, and improves the immune system, balance, and coordination of movement in the general population and in people with physical disabilities. Adapted sports allows people who cannot otherwise participate in personal activities, to engage in regular PA. The literature collected in this brief review suggests that involvement in adapted sports improves several areas of quality of life for people with physical disabilities. The majority of people with physical disabilities have poorer general health, limited social integration, and lower quality of life. In our literature review, we found that participation in adapted sports is an effective way to improve different domains of quality of life in people with physical disabilities. PA and sport have been shown to be very important factors in maintaining general health, social inclusion, and psychological well-being.

A Prospective and Cross-Sectional Study on Quality of Life among Postmenopausal Women in a Coastal Semi Urban area of India

Background: Menopause is the natural process in a woman. Some hormonal changes will happen during the period of menopause. In this study, our main objectives were to find the association between the classifications of demographic variables and the various scores of domains and to find the association of various predictors variables of different domains of quality of life among post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: We have conducted a prospective and cross-sectional study on Quality of Life (QOL) among one hundred and fifty Postmenopausal Women in Coastal Semi Urban area of Kerala India in the year 2018. Data was collected by using Menopause Specific quality of Life – 29 questionnaire with 7 Likert scale (0 – 7). The association between various scores of domains of QOL scores and selected socio-demographic variables by using analysis of variance test analysis and the association of various predictors of different domains of quality of life of post-menopausal women by using bi-variate logistic regression analysis. Data were analysed using SPSS 21.0 version. Results: Overall mean age of post-menopausal women was 55.7 ± 4.8 (Range: 50 – 65) years. Higher QOL scores were showed higher risk. In our study, using MENQOL scores showed significant associations with p–value&lt;0.05 in QOL based on body mass index, educational status, socio economic status, number of siblings, and marital status. Conclusion: From study findings, we have concluded that low and normal body mass index, higher educational status, upper to lower middle socio-economic status, a smaller number of siblings, and un-marital status were increased the quality of life and reduces menopausal symptoms problems among post-menopausal women. So, further effective intervention programs are needed in this study areas of the population to develop/increase the quality of life among post-menopausal women. Key Words: post-menopausal women, symptoms, quality of life, prospective and cross-sectional study, coastal area

Vision-related quality of life amongst patients with low vision and blindness in a resource-limited country.

To evaluate the significance of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the quality of life of low-vision patients in a tertiary hospital in Enugu, Nigeria, and also determine the causative ocular pathologies and their vision-related quality of life. A cross-sectional study of adults 18years and above with low vision/blindness. They were consecutively enrolled and clinically evaluated. The WHO-NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire for quality of life was administered. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize variables. Kruskal-Wallis test, analysis of variance, and post hoc tests were done where appropriate. Of the 400 participants, 81% were above 40years. Mean age was 57.27 ± 16.34years. Males (52.0%) and females (48.0%). 225 (56.25%) had Moderately Severe Visual Impairment. Low vision/blindness negatively affected the different domains of quality of life significantly, except ocular pain and dependency. Glaucoma and Cataract were the major disease conditions that affected most of the domains significantly. These conditions when poorly managed, due to poor and limited health resources, progress to low vision/blindness. Of all the socio-demographic factors and clinical variables studied, only age and severity of low vision were significant predictors of quality of life. There is the need for prompt and proper treatment of low-vision patients and advocacy for the establishment of adequate and functional rehabilitation services. Quality of life which measures the overall impact of a disease on an individual was low in people with low vision and blindness. Low-vision services, which include rehabilitation, will provide comprehensive eye-care services and thus improve their quality of life.

Effect of Squat Exercises on Fatigue and Quality of Life of Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study

Introduction: Research has shown that many pregnant women in Iran do not exercise during pregnancy. However, exercise, especially endurance exercise during pregnancy, is associated with good maternal and fetal outcomes. Objective: The study aimed to examine the effect of squat exercises on fatigue and the life quality of pregnant women admitted to health centers in Hamadan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: The study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted from September 2019 to February 2020 on 100 pregnant women in two groups of 50 each. The pregnant women were randomly using blocks of four divided into two groups according to the inclusion criteria. The samples filled out the fatigue questionnaire multidimensional symptoms fatigue inventory-short form (MSFI-SF) and SF-36 life quality questionnaire at the beginning of the study. Eight group sports sessions were held for women in the intervention group, and routine care was administered to the control group. The obtained data were analyzed using the independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean ± SD age of participants was 28.24 ± 5.39 years in the intervention group and 27.78 ± 5.58 years in the control group. The mean scores of fatigue and life quality in all dimensions in the post-intervention stage (after adjusting for before-the-intervention scores, income, and housing status) were significantly different between the study groups. The mean fatigue score in the intervention group was lower, and the quality of life was better (P=0.001) than in the control group. The effect size of different domains of quality of life varied from 1.51 (energy fatigue) to 3.50 (physical function). The effect size of fatigue was 2.81 (95%CI: 3.36- 2.25, P=0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results, squat exercises are recommended to reduce fatigue and increase the life quality of pregnant women in health centers.

Therapeutic interventions associated with improvements in the quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia: a systematic review

Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by multifaceted symptoms that negatively impact the quality of life. With greater prevalence in women, the syndrome is manifested through widespread pain, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. While different interventions and guidelines for clinical management and diagnosis have been proposed, these are fraught with limiting factors due to the heterogeneity of associated symptoms, chronicity, and therapies with significative side effects. Based on the above, the objective of this study aims to evaluate the therapeutic interventions that improve the different domains of quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. The research was conducted through systematic searches in the PUBMED, SCOPUS, LILACS and Web of Science databases between March 1, 2020, and May 08, 2021. Articles in Portuguese, English or Spanish were considered for analysis. To verify the risk of bias in each study, the levels of evidence were judged by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane collaboration tool. Articles in Portuguese, English or Spanish were considered for analysis. The scope of this review consisted of thirteen randomized clinical trials that met the pre-established inclusion criteria. The studies reviewed included 3,339 patients with a pre-established diagnosis of fibromyalgia, 92.2% of whom were female. Overall, fifteen interventions were observed that showed results for overall QOL and its physical and mental domains. The results showed high-quality evidence with positive findings for pain, physical functioning, anxiety, and depression with pharmacological and behavioral interventions. There is high-quality evidence supporting pregabalin for overall quality of life and the physical domain (pain and function), cognitive behavior therapy, and milnacipran for the physical domain of quality of life (pain and function), and moderate-quality evidence supporting cognitive behavioral therapy for the domain psychological (anxiety and depression).

Associations of Physical Activity and Handgrip Strength with Different Domains of Quality of Life in Pediatric Cancer Survivors.

Simple SummaryPhysical activity has been targeted as a leading priority for health promotion in pediatric survivorship care. It is unclear whether regular physical activity can enhance the quality of life among Chinese pediatric cancer survivors. We researched this question in our study of 191 survivors of pediatric cancer. We found that the survivors who engaged in higher levels of physical activity reported higher scores across all domains of quality of life (i.e., physical, emotional, social, and school functioning). We also observed that the survivors with higher PA levels exhibited greater handgrip strength than the survivors with lower PA levels. Notably, the survivors with greater handgrip strength also had better physical and emotional functioning.There is a paucity of evidence about the associations of physical activity (PA) and handgrip strength (HGS) within different domains of quality of life (QoL) in Chinese pediatric cancer survivors. We, therefore, conducted this multicenter cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether increased PA level and HGS are associated with higher scores in different QoL domains (i.e., physical, emotional, social, and school functioning) in pediatric cancer survivors. PA was assessed with a validated self-reported PA rating scale. In total, 191 Chinese pediatric cancer survivors aged 9 to 16 years were included in the analysis. Results showed that engaging in a higher level of PA was significantly associated with improved QoL in different domains, including physical (β = 0.543, p < 0.001), emotional (β = 0.449, p < 0.001), social (β = 0.434, p < 0.001), and school functioning (β = 0.407, p < 0.001). Greater HGS was also associated with better physical (β = 0.230, p ≤ 0.001) and emotional (β = 0.261, p ≤ 0.001) functioning. Findings from this study provide evidence of the significant beneficial impact of regular PA on pediatric cancer survivors’ QoL along their survivorship trajectory.

Response to different medical treatment options for mastalgia in fibrocystic breast disease

Background: Fibrocystic breast disease is the most common type of benign breast disease and mastalgia is the most common symptom of fibrocystic breast disease. Various types of medical management are given as a gold standard treatment for that. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different commonly used medical management options of mastalgia of fibrocystic breast disease on the quality of life of patients and their side effects as well.&#x0D; Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out in Out-patients Department of General Surgery, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, from July 2018 to June 2019. Total 45 patients with fibrocystic breast disease were selected according to the eligibility criteria and were allocated to two groups by alternative random selection. In non-pharmacological treatments receiving group, lifestyle modification advices along with evening primrose oil were given. On the other hand, in pharmacological treatment receiving group, bromocriptine and danazole were given according to some selection criteria of the patients. Response of treatments to each group and side effects were determined at one month, three months and six months follow-up respectively. Mastalgia was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) score and quality of life was calculated by modified WHO-QOL scoring in each follow-up.&#x0D; Results: Patients had an average age of 30.24±6.93 years with a majority in the age group 31-35 years (33.3%). Most patients were married (64.4%), housewives (62.20%), from middle-class groups (62.20%), multiparous (57.78%) and the majority had absence of the family history of breast diseases (84.45%). Majority of them presented with cyclical mastalgia (57.78%), bilateral mastalgia (60%) and mastalgia with lumpiness (44.4%). Among the patients who received non-pharmacological treatment, mastalgia improved in 34.78% cases and patients received pharmacological treatment, mastalgia improved in 72.73% cases. Different domains of quality of life were improved significantly in patients who received pharmacological treatment. Though majority of the patients had side effects due to pharmacological treatment, they were well tolerated.&#x0D; Conclusion: Despite having various side effects, pharmacological management by danazol or bromocriptine was well tolerated to our patients and a dramatic improvement was observed on quality of life than the nonpharmacologically treated patients.&#x0D; BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(1): 22-29

Sleep in post-COVID-19 recovery period and its impact on different domains of quality of life

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic became a global health problem affecting the life of millions of people all over the world. The effects of this pandemic were not only on the physical and medical aspects but also on the psychological issues including anxiety disorders, depressive manifestations, sleep problems and others. Sleep disorders were very commonly reported during the novel Coronavirus-19 pandemic either in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection or after recovery. These sleep problems might have a drastic burden on the recovered patients’ life. This study aimed to investigate the sleep in the post-Coronavirus-19 period and if has an impact on the different items of patients’ quality of life. This cross-sectional observational study investigated the sleep problems in 500 patients in the post recovery period using Insomnia Severity Index and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), their relation to this critical period and their impact on different domains of Quality of Life which was assessed by the SF36 Health Survey. ResultsSocio-demographic characteristics of 500 post-Coronavirus-19 patients were collected; the insomnia severity index and Pittsburgh sleep quality index evaluated the sleep pattern. The quality of life was investigated using Short Form 36 scale. The study revealed high scores of insomnia severity index (13.01 ± 4.9), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (15.37 ± 4.43), also high scores of different items of scale of quality of life in the studied group. ConclusionPost-COVID-19 sleep disturbances were commonly reported in the recovery period, also these sleep deficits had an impact on the physical and mental aspects of quality of life, so these sleep problems must be managed properly especially in this critical pandemic era.

How different domains of quality of life are associated with latent dimensions of mental health measured by GHQ-12

Background and objectivesA short form of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is a useful screening instrument for assessing mental health. Furthermore, Quality of life (QoL) is a critical treatment outcome in many clinical and health care research settings. This study aimed to reassess the dimensionality of GHQ-12 using Multidimensional Graded Response Model (MGRM) and evaluate how its extracted dimensions are associated with the QoL's domains.MethodsIsfahan Cohort Study 2 (ICS2) is a population-based, ongoing prospective cohort study among adults aged 35 years and older who were free of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) at the beginning of the study in 2013. A total of 1316 participants, all living in urban and rural areas of Isfahan and Najafabad, Iran was completed the GHQ-12 and WHO QoL-brief version at baseline. Five competing MGRMs with different latent structures were specified for GHQ-12. Factor scores derived from the best fitted model were used to associate with various domains of QoL. Results: The Three-Dimensional model for GHQ-12 was the best-fitted model explaining the Social Function (SF), Self Confidence (SC), and Anxiety/Depression (A/D) as three correlated yet different latent dimensions of mental health. Our findings in full adjusted multivariate regression models showed that a one-SD increase in dimensions of SC and SF was associated with a 38- to 48%-SD and 27- to 38%-SD increase in the domains scores of QoL, respectively. Moreover, for each one‐SD increase in score of A/D dimension, the domains scores of QoL decreased by 29- to 40%-SD. The highest to the lowest standardized coefficients for all latent dimensions of mental health were respectively related to the psychological, physical health, social relationships, and environmental condition domains of QoL. Furthermore, SC, A/D, and SF dimensions of GHQ-12 showed the highest to the lowest degree of association with all domains of QoL.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that the GHQ-12 as a multidimensional rather than unitary instrument measures distinct dimensions of mental health. Furthermore, all aspects of QoL changed when the intensity of latent dimensions of mental health increased. Moreover, the psychological domain of QoL is the most affected by all latent dimensions of mental health, followed by physical health, social relationships, and environmental condition domains. It seems that in an attempt to full recovery as assessed by improved QoL outcomes, treatment of clinical symptoms may not be sufficient. Identifying and differentiating the structures of mental health in each community as well as implementing intervention programs aimed at focusing on specific dimensions may help in the prevention of further deterioration of mental health and improved QoL in the community.

A-110 Post-Traumatic Growth in Relation to Quality of Life in Individuals with Moderate/Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract Objective Post-traumatic growth (PTG) is known to benefit individuals in recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) as they process and reframe personal losses. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of PTG with different domains of quality of life (QOL) in individuals following TBI. Method Fifteen adults (8 M, 7 F; mean age 31; 4 yrs post moderate/severe TBI) composed a personal statement for 3 minutes. Raters identified references to TBI and PTG in patients’ writing samples. Patients completed the Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory (NFI) to assess physical, cognitive, and emotional/behavioral functioning, as well as the QOL Inventory to assess importance of, and satisfaction with, various domains of personal functioning. Results of independent samples t-tests (p &amp;lt; 0.05 and/or Cohen’s d &amp;gt; 0.80) are reported. Results Patients scored in the average range on the NFI. Seven of the 15 patients opted to address PTG, and the same seven individuals also wrote about their TBI. Those who addressed these topics reported higher educational level and longer loss of consciousness following TBI. Demonstrating large effect sizes, results revealed individuals endorsing PTG had higher QOL in domains involving productivity and agency (work, helping, play, creativity), whereas those not endorsing PTG had higher QOL in social domains (children, neighbors, community). Total QOL and other domains (e.g., health, money, love) did not differ between groups. Conclusions Results suggest that benefits of accepting and growing as a result of one’s brain injury include active self-development and contributions to society. Neurorehabilitation should encourage productivity as a means of enhancing PTG.

Associations Among Different Domains of Quality Among US Liver Transplant Programs

US liver transplant programs have traditionally been evaluated on 1-year patient and graft survival. However, there is concern that a narrow focus on recipient outcomes may not incentivize programs to improve in other ways that would benefit patients with end-stage liver disease. To determine the correlation among different potential domains of quality for adult liver transplant programs. This retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2014 to 2019 among adult liver transplant programs included in the United Network for Organ Sharing and Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients program-specific reports. Liver transplant programs in the United States completing at least 10 liver transplants per year were included. Data were analyzed from March 2 to August 13, 2020. The potential domains of quality examined included recipient outcomes (1-year graft and patient survival), aggressiveness (ie, marginal graft use, defined as the rate of use of donors with body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared] greater than 40, age older than 65 years, or deceased by cardiac death), and waiting list management (ie, waiting list mortality). The correlation among measures, aggregated at the center level, was evaluated using linear regression to control for mean Model for End Stage Liver Disease-Sodium score at organ allocation. The extent to which programs were able to achieve high quality across multiple domains was also evaluated. Among 114 transplant programs that performed a total of 44 554 transplants, the mean (SD) 1-year graft and patient survival was 90.3% (3.0%) with a total range of 75.9% to 96.6%. The mean (SD) waiting list mortality rate was 16.7 (6.1) deaths per 100 person-years, with a total range of 6.3 to 53.0 deaths per 100 person years. The mean (SD) marginal graft use rate was 15.8 (8.8) donors per 100 transplants, with a total range of 0 to 49.3 donors. There was no correlation between 1-year graft and patient survival and waiting list mortality (β = -0.053; P = .19) or marginal graft use (β = -0.007; P = .84) after correcting for mean allocation Model for End Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores. There were 2 transplant programs (1.8%) that performed in the top quartile on all 3 measures, while 4 transplant programs (3.6%) performed in the bottom quartile on all 3 measures. This cohort study found that among US liver transplant programs, there were no correlations among 1-year recipient outcomes, measures of program aggressiveness, or waiting list management. These findings suggest that a program's performance in one domain may be independent and unrelated to its performance on others and that the understanding of factors contributing to these domains is incomplete.

Clinical Response to Different Medical Treatment Options for Mastalgia in Fibrocystic Breast Disease among Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Background: Various types of medical management are given for mastalgia in fibrocystic breast disease.&#x0D; Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different commonly used medical management options of mastalgia of fibrocystic breast disease on the quality of life of the respondents and their side effects as well.&#x0D; Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was carried out in Out-patients Department of General Surgery, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2018 to June 2019. The patients with fibrocystic breast disease were selected according to the eligibility criteria and are allocated to two groups by alternative random selection. In non-pharmacological treatments receiving group, lifestyle modification advices along with Evening Primrose Oil were given. On the other hand, in pharmacological treatment receiving group, Bromocriptine and Danazole were given according to some selection criteria of the patients. Response of treatments to each group &amp; side effects were determined at one month, three months and six months follow up respectively.&#x0D; Results: A total number of 45 patients were recruited for this study. Majority of them presented with cyclical mastalgia (57.78%), bilateral mastalgia (60%) and mastalgia with lumpiness (44.4%). Among the patients who received non- pharmacological treatment, mastalgia improved in 34.78% cases and patients received pharmacological treatment, mastalgia improved in 72.73% cases. Different domains of quality of life were improved significantly in patients who received pharmacological treatment.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion pharmacological management by Danazol or Bromocriptine has well tolerated to the patients.&#x0D; Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2021;8(2):95-99

Assessment of quality of life and its determinants among the elderly residing in a rural area of Faridabad

Introduction: Population aging as a result of demographic transition has brought into focus issues pertaining to health status of elderly. We aimed to assess different domains of quality of life (QoL) and its determinants among the elderly population of a rural area of Faridabad. Material &amp; Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 300 elderly people aged 60 years and above from October 2018 to January 2019 in village Pali of Faridabad, Haryana. The World Health Organization QOL-BREF scale was used for the assessment of QoL. Results: The study included 44% males with a mean age of 67.1 ± 7 years. The mean QOL score was highest in psychological domain (63.26 ± 18.48), followed by environmental domain (62.64 ± 16.23), physical domain (60.58 ± 19.24), and lowest in social domain (59.33 ± 17.81). Conclusion: Physical domain of QoL was significantly better in nondiseased elderly, while social domain was not significantly affected by morbidities or health-seeking behavior. Overall, QoL was fair to good. Determinants of good QoL included social as well as economic characteristics such as higher education, sex, and the absence of chronic disorders.