Differences In Perception Of Stress Research Articles

How does stress experienced on instagram differ from threads? Comparing social media fatigue based on platform types

Social media fatigue in individuals has been recognized as a significant consequence and has attracted considerable attention in numerous studies. Prior research on social media fatigue has predominantly focused on investigating the direct relationship between stressors and fatigue. Nevertheless, there has been a conspicuous lack of discussion concerning the psychological variable contributing to fatigue. This study aims to address this gap by proposing that the time cost plays a crucial role in mediating the relationship between stressors and fatigue. Furthermore, we propose potential variables that could alleviate these sources of stress, thereby adopting a more comprehensive methodology compared to previous investigations on fatigue. Additionally, through a multi-group analysis based on types of social media (text-based vs. image-based), we explore the relationships between stressors, time cost, and fatigue. This approach is intended to supplement the literature on social media fatigue, confined mainly to analyzing a single platform. The empirical results validate the mediating role of time cost and demonstrate differences in stress perception between platforms. This study expands upon the theoretical framework of social media fatigue and proposes customized strategies for social media types, enhancing academic and practical comprehension.

Should the Postgraduate Dental Curriculum Be Revamped? - A Stress Assessment Study

Dental education is widely regarded as a demanding experience. Information about the stress sources and their degree is crucial since it will aid in the development of appropriate interventional methods for the student's overall development. Thus, our study was aimed at assessing the different forms of stress that affect Postgraduate dentistry students, as well as their attitudes toward psychiatric therapies. The study was conducted on 93 postgraduate dental students at a dental institution in Mysuru, India, using a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey format. The information gathered was statistically examined. The mean and standard deviation were used in the quantitative analysis. The mean of all stressor scores was compared between groups using an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA. The Chi-square test was employed to examine qualitative data. The overall stress level among postgraduate dental students was high. All the year students demonstrated a similar trend with a high level of academic stress followed by health-related and psychosocial stress. The academic stress increased as the year of study progressed. We discovered no differences in stress perception between male and female students. In addition, a notable proportion of the participants had a favourable attitude toward psychiatric therapy. Stress levels among postgraduate dental students were found to be high in our study. This indicates a need for upgrading the current postgraduate dental educational system to be less stressful. Keywords: Dental education, Dental students, Mental health, Post­graduation, Stress, Stressors

The Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Stress and Anxiety of Dental Students.

To investigate the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on stress and anxiety of preclinical and clinical dental students. Dental students (participants) in their clinical course (CC; n = 64) or preclinical course (PCC; n = 53) were included in the study. The subjective perceived levels of stress and anxiety were evaluated using the Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaire. Cortisol levels were measured in saliva samples collected from participants. Knowledge of the pandemic was evaluated using a 100-mm visual analog scale. All data were collected twice: once during the university holidays and once during term time. Results from DES, DASS, and salivary cortisol tests were compared between baseline and follow-up using descriptive and bivariate statistics. Multivariate linear regression models were computed with DES, DASS, and cortisol values as dependent variables to analyze possible influencing factors. Participants showed medium levels of stress and anxiety at baseline and follow-up. The DASS score in the "anxiety" subdomain was significantly higher in the PCC group than in the CC group at baseline (p < 0.001) and increased during term time. DASS scores in the "stress" subdomain also increased during term time. However, both subdomain scores were lower than the cutoff value for a psychological disorder. The mean total DES scores were 615.9 ± 97.7 in the CC group and 580.40 ± 98.9 in the PCC group. These scores indicated medium stress levels and were not significantly different between the groups, nor did they change during the study period. Mean saliva cortisol levels were higher in the CC group (9.2 ± 5.2) than in the PCC group (4.9 ± 2.2) at baseline (p < 0.001) but converged by follow-up. Multivariate regression models showed that intraindividual perception of stress at baseline was consistently the most important aspect for changes in stress and anxiety levels during term time. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected stress and anxiety levels in some participants, but this was not ubiquitous. Intraindividual differences in stress perception seem to be more relevant than course affiliation (preclinical or clinical) or the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to stress and anxiety levels in dental students.

Differences in Stress Perception of Medical Students Depending on In-Person Communication and Online Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey.

Excessive psychological stress in medical students affects their mental health and causes problems such as burnout and depression. Furthermore, changes in the learning environment to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic have had a psychological effect on medical students. However, the relationships between medical students' perceived stress and different methods of communication, including in-person and online communication, remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in stress perception of medical students depending on in-person communication and online communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from September to October in 2020. All of the students of Okayama University School of Medicine were asked to participate in a questionnaire survey. The explanatory variables were the frequency and length of communications with others (by in-person or online communication), empathy, and lifestyle. The main outcome measure was perceived stress. Subgroup analysis was conducted for students who preferred to be by themselves and students who preferred to study together and interact with other people. Univariate analysis and multivariate multiple regression analysis were conducted. Gender and grade, which have been shown to be associated with stress in previous studies, were used as covariates for multiple regression analysis. Valid responses to the questionnaire survey were received from 211 (29.4%) of the 717 students. There was no significant association between perceived stress and online communication, but the number of people with which students had in-person communication (1-2 people compared to 0 as a control, regression coefficient [B] = -4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]; -7.8, -1.1, more than 10 people, B = -12, 95% CI: -18, -5.8) and the length of communication (more than 120 min, B = -4.5, 95% CI: -8.1, -0.92) were associated with a reduction in perceived stress. In subgroup analysis, the number of people with in-person communication and the length of communication had significant associations with stress reduction even in the group of students who had a preference for being by themselves. In-person communications rather than online communications were associated with a lower level of perceived stress. In subgroup analysis, this trend was statistically significant in the group of students who had a preference for being by themselves.

Influence of Socio-Demographic Factors on Perceived Stress in Outpatients with Depression and Anxiety in Remission During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Objective: The study aimed at identifying the influence of socio-demographic factors on perceived stress during the first and the second “waves” of the COVID-19 pandemic among patients with depression and anxiety in remission compared to controls. Method: The study was designed as case-control, cross-sectional and non-interventional, and included 60 outpatients with depressive and anxiety disorders in remission and 60 controls with or without family history of affective disorder. A self-assessment scale (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-10) was used to evaluate perceived stress. The remission was objectified by the Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI-S ≤ 2) and a questionnaire about the socio-demographic features and clinical characteristics of the disorders was completed. Results: By using multiple logistic regression, it was found that the diagnostic category and/or the relevant family history did not predict higher levels of perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic (p &gt; 0.05). Females were associated with higher risk of moderate or high stress (OR = 2.613, p = 0.017), as well as those working from home during the pandemic (OR = 4.00, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Addressing the COVID-19 effects on mental health in a biopsychosocial manner, the study shows the impact of socio-demographic factors such as gender and work environment in times of a psychosocial crisis. The lack of differences in stress perception by the patients in remission and healthy controls implicates the importance of adequate maintenance treatment and easy access to mental health services in times of crisis.

Limited negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health measures of Ghanaian university students.

BackgroundStress and mental health outcomes are negatively correlated among university students throughout the world. Reports of differences in stress perception by gender exist, but there is limited data on students from sub-Saharan African countries. This study describes the burden of perceived and financial stress; characterizes mood and degree of anxiety symptoms; examines stress coping mechanisms, including resilience and repetitive negative thinking (RNT); and explores how students at a Ghanaian university believed the COVID-19 pandemic affected these measures.MethodsStudents (n = 129) were recruited from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana from October 2020 - January 2021. Validated surveys were used. Participants were asked “Are your answers to the questions affected by the COVID-19 pandemic?”ResultsNo differences in mean scores were observed between genders. For female students, financial stress was positively associated with RNT (p = 0.009), negative mood (p = 0.002), and anxiety (p < 0.001). Males were more likely to report decreased stress during the pandemic (p = 0.002), but there was no difference in mental health outcomes by perceived stress (PS) change category among males. Effects of the pandemic on mental health outcomes were mixed, but substantial proportions of students reported improvements or no change in financial stress, mood, anxiety, and RNT.LimitationsStudents from one university particiapted in this cross-sectional survey.ConclusionsThis study adds to the understanding of how higher education students are experiencing stress and are coping with the uncertainties of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana.

호흡 마음챙김 명상을 활용한 금연프로그램의 효과

Objective: This study examines the efficacy of a breath-mindfulness meditation based smoking cessation program on the perception of stress, daily smoking amount, and levels of urine cotinine in adolescent smokers. Methods: This study was conducted using a pre-post testing design of non-equivalent control groups. 40 individuals participated and 20 each were allocated to the 2 groups; experimental group and control group. This smoking cessation program was conducted as a group program and it was held once a week for eight weeks, with a total of eight sessions of 60 minutes each. Results: The analysis of the two groups presented meaningful differences in perception of stress, daily smoking amount, and level of urine cotinine. Conclusion: Our study indicates that the breath-mindfulness meditation based smoking cessation program has the potential to be used as an important and alternative approach for encouraging adolescents to quit smoking.

School-related stress and family stress: Differences in stress perception and coping style in healthy and clinical groups

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF

Differences in Perception of Stress of Physiotherapists Employed in Various Departments

Stress in the workplace represents a specific type of stress, stemming from the work environment. Stressful situations at work can trigger negative emotions that are linked with anxiety, tension, depression, fatigue and lack of working motivation. The aim of this research is to investigate differences in the perception of stress of physiotherapists employed in various departments. The research was conducted using an online questionnaire aimed at 123 physiotherapists in the Republic of Croatia. The results have showed that respondents perceived their workplace as moderately stressful. Considering the difference in the experience and perception of stress with regard to the department where physiotherapists work, the results have showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the level of perceived stress among the respondents with regard to the department in which they are employed. It was found that respondents employed in orthopaedics perceived stress to a lesser extent than those individuals employed in health centres and in the department of physical medicine and rehabilitation. The differences in the perception of stress among the respondents who are employed in other departments have shown no statistically significant difference. It was shown that the respondents of 20–25 years of age were found to exhibit statistically significantly lower levels of perceived stress compared to subjects of 26–36 years of age. There is no noted statistically significant difference in the perception of stress among other age groups. It was determined that participants with a lower net monthly salary exhibit statistically significant greater lever of perceived stress in comparison to participants with a net monthly salary that is greater than the average. The results of the study have shown that there are no statistically significant differences in the level of perceived stress among respondents in terms of gender, length of service, level of education or marital status.

Gender Differences in Perceived Stress Among Childhood Education Lecturers

This study examined the differences in stress perception in a sample of childhood education lecturers in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions by gender. Forty (40) childhood education lecturers across public colleges of education and universities were conveniently sampled for this descriptive survey study. A questionnaire measuring stress perception was used for collecting the research data. Mean, standard deviation and unpaired t-test were used for data collection. Results show that the stress score of the female lecturers was significantly higher than that of the male lecturers in childhood education. Therefore, there is a need for stress management programme among these female lecturers.

중학생의 유연성 유형에 따른 하위집단 분류 및 하위집단별 스트레스 인지와 학교적응의 차이검증: 잠재계층분석

중학생의 유연성 유형에 따른 하위집단 분류 및 하위집단별 스트레스 인지와 학교적응의 차이검증: 잠재계층분석

Gender Differences in Stress Perception among Special Education Students

This study examined gender differences in stress perception among special education students in South-East Nigerian Universities. One research question and a null hypothesis guided the study. The study design was a descriptive survey. The study sampled 800 students enrolled in special education. The instrument for collection of data was a questionnaire which measures the perception of stress in students.&amp;nbsp; The research data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. The finding of the study revealed that there was no significant between male and female academic stress. For affected students of special education to be stress-free, the collaboration of special education experts and educational stakeholders is necessary for assisting such students.

Is stress perceived differently in relationships with parents and peers? Inter- and intra-regional comparisons on adolescents from 21 nations

This study investigated how adolescents (mean age of 15 years) from 21 countries perceived parent- and peer-related stress. Across countries, adolescents perceived parent-related stress at considerably greater levels than peer-related stress. Adolescents assigned to six geographical regions differed significantly in overall stress levels as well as in the disparity between perceived stress levels in the parent and peer domain. Regional comparisons revealed that adolescents from Southern Europe exhibited the highest levels of parent-related stress, followed by adolescents from Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia. The stress levels of adolescents from Central European and North American countries were generally quite low. Correspondence analyses revealed distinctive patterns of perceived stress in close relationships, depending on the region. The discussion focuses on different parental styles and cultural values as potential influential factors for differences in stress perception between regions.

Estudo das propriedades psicométricas da Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) na população portuguesa

Objectivo: Estudar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Amostra: Cinco amostras da população geral (n = 762) e cinco amostras de pessoas com doença física ou perturbação ansiosa (n = 201). Medidas: Dados socio-demográficos, hábito tabágico, Beck Depression Inventory® (BDI®), PSS-10, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory® (STAI®-Y2) e Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy (SASE-12). Resultados: Pela análise em componentes principais, reteve-se um factor que explica 47,4% da variância. O alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,874 e encontraram-se diferenças significativas na percepção do stresse, em diversos estratos da população. Existem correlações moderadas entre a PSS-10, o BDI® e o STAI®-Y2 e ausência de associação com o SASE-12. Consideram-se indicador de patologia pontuações brutas acima do percentil 80. Conclusões: A PSS-10 apresenta boas qualidades psicométricas. A sua aplicação e cotação é simples, constituindo um instrumento válido para avaliar o stresse, em contextos de doença física ou condições psicopatológicas.

Identity and future concerns among adolescents from Italy, Turkey and Germany: intra- and between-cultural comparisons

The present study investigated stress perception and coping styles in 3259 Turkish, Italian, and German adolescents with a mean age of 14.97 years (SD = 1.74). The adolescents filled in self-report measures assessing stress perception and coping styles in two problem domains: future and identity. In order to allow for analyses of intra-country and inter-country variation, two subsamples were assessed per country. Results revealed that adolescents from all countries experienced future concerns as most stressful. Identity-related stressors showed a greater inter-country variation. However, intra-country variation in stress perception was much lower than variation in stress perception between the countries. It is noteworthy that the coping behavior was strikingly similar among Turkish, Italian, and German adolescents. Whereas active coping styles dominated in dealing with future-related stressors, relatively high withdrawal rates occurred in all three countries when identity problems have to be dealt with. Compared to the strong influence of country, rather weak gender differences in stress perception were found; with females experiencing a higher stress level than males in both stress domains. The findings demonstrate the universality of fearful future anticipations among adolescents with different cultural backgrounds and underline the stressfulness of identity development during the transition to adulthood.

Sex, trauma, stress hormones and depression

Although few studies dispute that there are gender differences in depression, the etiology is still unknown. In this review, we cover a number of proposed factors and the evidences for and against these factors that may account for gender differences in depression. These include the possible role of estrogens at puberty, differences in exposure to childhood trauma, differences in stress perception between men and women and the biological differences in stress response. None of these factors seem to explain gender differences in depression. Finally, we do know that when depressed, women show greater hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation than men and that menopause with loss of estrogens show the greatest HPA axis dysregulation. It may be the constantly changing steroid milieu that contributes to these phenomena and vulnerability to depression.

Perceived sources of stress in Nigerian dental students

The objective of this study was to identify sources of stress among dental students at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. A modified Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire was used to study the 137 students in years 3-6, of which 105 (76.6%) responded. Results show that the year 5 students indicated the highest level of stress overall on items relating to pre-clinical training with 21 (70%) recording aggregate DES score over the cut-off point for high stress. For clinical items, nearly all the students - 27(90%) of year 5 and 24 (100%) of year 6 recorded aggregates over the cut-off point. The most important stressors were those related to the lack of provision of a well-supported system of dental education in Nigeria in terms of availability of materials for clinical training and study materials. There were no significant differences in stress perception between genders. However, students who chose Medicine as their first choice for admission with Dentistry as an alternative experienced significantly higher overall mean and higher mean scores for most items. In conclusion, it appears there is a need to improve support for dental education in Nigeria.