Differences In Dissatisfaction Research Articles

Effects of Season and Daylight Saving Time Shifts on Sleep Symptoms: Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

There has been conflicting evidence regarding the association between seasonal changes and daylight saving time (DST) and sleep disorders. This topic is of particular interest currently because the United States and Canada are considering the elimination of seasonal clock changes. The aim of this study was to compare sleep symptoms among participants who were interviewed in different seasons and before/after the transition into DST and standard time (ST). A total of 30,097 people aged 45-85 years taking part in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were studied. Participants completed a questionnaire on sleep duration, satisfaction, sleep-onset insomnia, sleep-maintenance insomnia, and hypersomnolence symptoms. Sleep disorders were compared between participants who were interviewed during different seasons and at different times of the year (DST/ST). Data were analyzed using χ2, analysis of variance, binary logistic, and linear regression tests. Among participants interviewed in different seasons, we found no difference in dissatisfaction with sleep, sleep onset, sleep maintenance, and hypersomnolence. Those interviewed in summer had slightly shorter sleep duration compared with those in winter (6.76 ± 1.2 vs 6.84 ± 1.3 hours). Participants interviewed 1 week before vs 1 week after DST transition showed no difference in sleep symptoms, except for a 9-minute decrease in sleep duration a week after transition. However, those who were interviewed a week after transition to ST compared with a week before reported more dissatisfaction with sleep (28% vs 22.6%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.76), higher sleep-onset insomnia (7.1% vs 3.3%, aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.19-4.27), higher sleep-maintenance insomnia (12.9% vs 8.2%, aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.02-2.66), and more hypersomnolence with adequate sleep (7.3% vs 3.6%, aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.14-3.79). We found small seasonal variations in sleep duration but no difference in other sleep symptoms. The transition from DST to ST was associated with a transient increase in sleep disorders.

Developing a Scale to Investigate the Dissatisfaction with the Face and Body

The purpose of this study was to develop a psychometric scale to measure dissatisfaction with one’s face. In Study 1, 1,002 people aged 17–42 years using a 7-point Likert scale for a draft scale. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale consisted of 27 items and a 3-factor structure (Avoidance, Fear, and Obsessive thinking), named Face Dissatisfaction Scale (FDS). Study 2 examined sex differences in dissatisfaction with the face and body. The results showed that females were more dissatisfied with faces than males; however, there was no sex difference in body dissatisfaction. Males were more dissatisfied with bodies than faces; however, there was no difference in females. We found that face dissatisfaction was positively associated with dysmorphic concerns and obsessive-compulsive tendencies. Moreover, the FDS showed high goodness-of-fit, reliability, and validity. The study suggests that FDS is a useful psychometric tool to seek unsatisfied people with their faces.

Effects of communication styles on marital satisfaction and distress of parents of pediatric cancer patients: a prospective longitudinal study.

The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal effects of communication styles on marital satisfaction and distress of parents of children treated for cancer. Marital dissatisfaction (Maudsley Marital Questionnaire), intimacy, avoidance, destructive and incongruent communication (Communication Skills Inventory) and psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire) were assessed in 115 parents of pediatric cancer patients shortly after diagnosis (T1) and 5 years later (T2). Only mothers' marital dissatisfaction increased significantly over time. No gender differences in dissatisfaction were found. Mothers had a significantly higher lack of intimacy score than fathers. All T1 communication styles were significantly univariately related to fathers' and mothers' T2 marital dissatisfaction, while not to T2 distress. Mothers' T1 marital dissatisfaction accounted for 67% and fathers' for 12% in the explained variance of T2 dissatisfaction. T1 destructive communication uniquely affected fathers' T2 marital dissatisfaction and T1 avoidant communication that of mothers. Five years after cancer diagnosis in their children, the quality of parents' marital relationships seemed largely unchanged. Parents' use of communication skills at diagnosis appeared to have limited effect on their marital dissatisfaction and no effect on their distress 5 years later. While avoidant communication seemed indicative of mothers' marital distress, fathers' seemed affected by destructive communication.

Dissatisfaction with male sexual performance and female sexual dysfunction in women with type 1 diabetes.

Although partnership issues are thought to be implicated in female psychology and sexual life, no data exist on the relationship between dissatisfaction with male sexual performance and female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1). We studied 70 women with uncomplicated DM-1 and 100 nondiabetic women using Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS) and a Likert Scale to evaluate sexual function, sexual distress and the degree of satisfaction derived from the male partner's sexual performance. Compared with healthy controls, DM-1 women had significantly worse sexual function, higher sexual distress and higher FSD frequency. No significant difference in dissatisfaction with partner's sexual performance was found between diabetic and control group (CG). Moreover, dissatisfied diabetic and control women were comparable in sexual functioning, sexual distress and FSD frequency. In the CG, dissatisfied women had significantly worse total FSFI score compared with the satisfied ones. In addition, dissatisfaction with male sexual performance led to significantly worse FSDS score and higher FSD frequency in both diabetic and CGs. Therefore, our findings reveal a negative association between dissatisfaction with male partner's sexual performance and female sexual functioning, regardless of the presence of diabetes.

Ethnic differences in dissatisfaction with sexual life in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Swedish town

BackgroundThe first aim of this study was to analyze whether self-reported satisfaction with one's sexual life was associated with ethnicity (Swedish and Assyrian/Syrian) in patients with type 2 diabetes. The second was to study whether the association between satisfaction with one's sexual life and ethnicity remained after controlling for possible confounders such as marital status, HbA1c, medication, and presence of other diseases.MethodsThis cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted at four primary health care centers in the Swedish town of Södertälje. A total of 354 persons (173 ethnic Assyrians/Syrians and 181 ethnic Swedes) participated.ResultsThe total prevalence of self-reported dissatisfaction with one's sexual life in both groups was 49%. No significant ethnic differences were found in the outcome. In the final model, regardless of ethnicity, the odds ratio (OR) for self-reported dissatisfaction with one's sexual life in those ≥ 70 years old was 2.52 (95% CI 1.33-4.80). Among those living alone or with children, the OR was more than three times higher than for married or cohabiting individuals (OR = 3.10, 95% CI 1.60-6.00). Those with other diseases had an OR 1.89 times (95% CI 1.10-3.40) higher than those without other diseases.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate that almost half of participants were dissatisfied with their sexual life and highlight the importance of sexual life to people with type 2 diabetes. This factor should not be ignored in clinical evaluations. Moreover, the findings demonstrate that it is possible to include questions on sexual life in investigations of patients with type 2 diabetes and even in other health-related, questionnaire studies, despite the sensitivity of the issue of sexuality.

중년여성의 아쿠아로빅 참여가 신체상 및 정서에 미치는 영향

This research study examines the effects of aquarobic participation on body-image and emotion in middle-aged woman. In order to carry out the research examination, used for 189 participation and 202 non-participation, resulting in a total number of 391. The method of survey encompassed a questionnaire and the SPSS 12.0 version for Windows usage was used for Statistical Measures, Reliability of Analysis, ANCOVA, and the results are as follows. Firstly, in relation to participation or non-participation, participating groups of aquarobic were found to have much higher social dependency and influence of exercise effects than non-participating groups. Covariate as a background characteristic showed meaningful differences in subjective state of health to encompass, excluding social dependency, interest in overall body image and grooming, health and stamina assessment, dissatisfaction with body height and overall physical appearance evaluation. Religion only appeared to have a meaningful difference in dissatisfaction with body height. Secondly, In relation to participationor non-participation, participating groups of aquarobics were found to have higher emotion levels than non-participating groups. In terms of covariate background characteristics, subjective state of health was found to have influences on overall emotions and its subordinate factors such as interest, pride, essence, energy and achievement.

Dissatisfaction with dental care among mothers of Medicaid‐enrolled children

This paper is part of a larger study examining the impact of mothers' having a regular source of dental care (RSDC) on utilization of dental care and oral health of their preschool children. We describe levels of satisfaction with care among mothers whose preschool children were enrolled in Medicaid in Washington State. We report mothers' satisfaction related to having a RSDC by type of dental setting/office. Disproportionate stratified sampling by racial/ethnic group selected 11 305 children aged 3-6 in Medicaid in Washington State. Mothers (n = 4373) completed a mixed-mode survey. Satisfaction with dental care was measured using the Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire (DSQ). Overall mean DSQ was 57.1 +/- 9.9 (range 18-89). A higher score indicates greater satisfaction. There was not evidence of a difference in dissatisfaction by race/ethnicity but Blacks and Hispanics were less satisfied with pain management than Whites. The majority of respondents agreed with the statement that 'Dentists sometimes act rude to their patients.' Satisfaction is higher for mothers who have a regular private dentist they see consistently versus having a regular dentist through a public or non-profit clinic. The satisfaction with dental care for this population is low, and considerably lower than found in other studies for primary medical care. Steps need to be taken to increase dental satisfaction and access to private dental clinics, and to increase perceived quality and pain management of dental care in both private clinics and public/non-profits serving low-income populations.

Ethnicity and body dissatisfaction among women in the United States: A meta-analysis.

The prevailing view in popular culture and the psychological literature is that White women have greater body dissatisfaction than women of color. In this meta-analysis, 6 main effect sizes were obtained for differences among Asian American, Black, Hispanic, and White women with a sample of 98 studies, yielding 222 effect sizes. The average d for the White-Black comparison was 0.29, indicating that White women are more dissatisfied, but the difference is small. All other comparisons were smaller, and many were close to zero. The findings directly challenge the belief that there are large differences in dissatisfaction between White and all non-White women and suggest that body dissatisfaction may not be the golden girl problem promoted in the literature. Implications for theory and treatment are discussed.