Dietary Inflammatory Index Quartile Research Articles

Anti-inflammatory diet reduces risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among US adults: a nationwide survey

Background While dietary intervention was an important public health strategy for the prevention and intervention of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), the effect of diet-induced inflammation on MAFLD has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and MAFLD. Methods This study included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2018. MAFLD was diagnosed based on the presence of hepatic steatosis, as determined by transient elastography, along with evidence of either overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or metabolic dysfunction. DII was calculated using 27 dietary components collected through 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Weighted logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DII and MAFLD and its main components in three different models. Subgroup analyses were performed by age, sex, and alcohol use. Results A total of 1991 participants were included, and the MAFLD group had higher DII scores. After adjusting for age, sex, race, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol use, the highest quartile of DII was associated with increased risk of MAFLD (OR:2.90, 95% CIs: 1.46, 5.75). Overweight/obesity, central obesity, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high C-reactive protein (CRP) also shared the same characteristics in the main components of MAFLD. Results were consistent across subgroups (age, sex, and alcohol use). Conclusions A higher DII diet was positively associated with the risk of MAFLD in American adults, particularly as related to overweight/obesity, central obesity, high CRP level, and low HDL-C level.

Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and the Risk of Cesarean Delivery.

Cesarean section (CS) is one of the most important pregnancy concerns in the world. Increased inflammation is associated with increased risk factors for cesarean section. Diet plays a major role in reducing inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of Cesarean section in Tehranian women. This case-control study included 390 pregnant women in Tehran, Iran between 2020 and 2021 at their initial visit to pregnancy clinics, selected by a cluster sampling method. Dietary intakes were determined using valid reliable questionnaires and DII was calculated. Weight, height, and waist circumference were also measured. The mean age of the subjects was 28.5 yr (± 5.02) and weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the case group with a higher DII were higher. Odds ratio (OR) of cesarean section in DII quartiles was statistically significant. Confounding factors including age, BMI and total energy intake were adjusted in the first model and weight, waist circumference, physical activity and supplements in the second model and the relationship remained significant (P<0.001). High scores of dietary inflammatory index, possibly through an increase in inflammatory factors, can increase the chances of having a cesarean section.

Prevalence of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its association with dietary inflammatory index: A population-based study from NHANES 1999 to 2018.

Anemia is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it is unknown whether the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is linked to anemia. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of anemia in RA patients and its association with the DII. The data utilized in this study were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 1999 to 2018. The prevalence of anemia in RA patients was estimated by ethnicity, sex, and age. Weighted multivariate logistic regression was utilized to explore the correlation between anemia risk and DII. The most crucial dietary factors related to the risk of anemia in RA patients were screened by stepwise regression. A nomogram model was established according to key dietary factors. A total of 10.25% (confidence interval, 8.58-11.92%) of RA patients will develop anemia, with the lowest prevalence around the age of 60. In addition, higher DII levels were discovered in anemic patients than in nonanemic patients. In multivariate regression models, an important positive association was revealed between anemia and growing quartiles of DII (Q4 vs Q1: odds ratio = 1.98; confidence interval, 1.25-3.15). In the subgroup analysis, the adjusted relation of DII with anemia in females, Mexicans, smokers, nondrinkers, and age groups ≥ 60 years was statistically significant. The same association was observed in the sensitivity analysis. A nomogram model based on stepwise regression screening of key dietary factors showed good discriminatory power to identify anemic risk in RA patients (area under the curve: 0.707). In patients with RA, high DII levels were associated with the risk of anemia. More attention should be given to controlling dietary inflammation to better prevent and treat anemia.

Diet-related inflammation is positively associated with atherogenic indices

Current evidence suggests that non-traditional serum lipid ratios are more effective than traditional serum lipid parameters in predicting vascular diseases, and both of them are associated with dietary patterns. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and atherogenic indices using traditional serum lipid parameters (triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL–c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–c)) and non-traditional serum lipid ratios (atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli's index-I (CRI_I), Castelli's index-II (CRI_II), the lipoprotein combination index (LCI), and the atherogenic coefficient (AC)). Basic information from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases cohort study was utilized in the present cross-sectional observational study. The study included 8870 adults aged 35–65 years. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to measure DII. We compared the distributions of outcomes by DII score groups using multivariable linear regression. The difference between DII score groups was evaluated by the Bonferroni test. The mean ± SD DII was − 2.5 ± 1.43, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 44%. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic status (SES), participants in the highest quartile of DII had a greater risk for CRI_I (β = 0.11, CI 0.05, 0.18), CRI_II (β = 0.06, CI 0.01, 0.11), LCI (β = 0.11, CI 288.12, 8373.11), AC (β = 0.11, CI 0.05, 0.17) and AIP (β = 0.06, CI 0.02, 0.10). Moreover, according to the adjusted logistic regression model, the risk of dyslipidemia significantly increased by 24% (OR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.08–1.41), 7% (OR: 1.07, 95% CI 0.94, 1.21) and 3% (OR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.91, 1.16) in Q4, Q3 and Q2 of the DII, respectively. Finally, diet-related inflammation, as estimated by the DII, is associated with a higher risk of CRI-I, CRI-II, LCI, AC, and AIP and increased odds of dyslipidemia.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and NT-proBNP levels in US adults: A cross-sectional analysis.

With cardiovascular diseases standing as a leading cause of mortality worldwide, the interplay between diet-induced inflammation, as quantified by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and heart failure biomarker NT-proBNP has not been investigated in the general population. This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004, encompassing 10,766 individuals. The relationship between the DII and NT-proBNP levels was evaluated through multivariable-adjusted regression models. To pinpoint crucial dietary components influencing NT-proBNP levels, the LASSO regression model was utilized. Stratified analyses were then conducted to examine the associations within specific subgroups to identify differential effects of the DII on NT-proBNP levels across diverse populations. In individuals without heart failure, a unit increase in the DII was significantly associated with an increase in NT-proBNP levels. Specifically, NT-proBNP levels rose by 9.69 pg/mL (95% CI: 6.47, 12.91; p < 0.001) without adjustments, 8.57 pg/mL (95% CI: 4.97, 12.17; p < 0.001) after adjusting for demographic factors, and 5.54 pg/mL (95% CI: 1.75, 9.32; p = 0.001) with further adjustments for health variables. In participants with a history of heart failure, those in the second and third DII quartile showed a trend towards higher NT-proBNP levels compared to those in the lowest quartile, with increases of 717.06 pg/mL (95% CI: 76.49-1357.63, p = 0.030) and 855.49 pg/mL (95% CI: 156.57-1554.41, p = 0.018). Significant interactions were observed in subgroup analyses by age (<50: β = 3.63, p = 0.141; 50-75: β = 18.4, p<0.001; >75: β = 56.09, p<0.001), gender (men: β = 17.82, p<0.001; women: β = 7.43, p = 0.061),hypertension (β = 25.73, p<0.001) and diabetes (β = 38.94, p<0.001). This study identified a positive correlation between the DII and NT-proBNP levels, suggesting a robust link between pro-inflammatory diets and increased heart failure biomarkers, with implications for dietary modifications in cardiovascular risk management.

Association of dietary inflammatory indices with sarcopenia and all-cause mortality in COPD patients

BackgroundSarcopenia frequently occurs as a comorbidity in individuals with COPD. However, research on the impact of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASM) on survival in COPD patients is scarce. Moreover, there is a lack of research on the association between dietary pro-inflammatory capacity and sarcopenia in COPD.MethodsWe analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) covering the years 1999 to 2006 and 2011 to 2018. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and sarcopenia prevalence among adults diagnosed with COPD in the United States. Furthermore, we sought to explore the relationship between sarcopenia, ASMI, and all-cause mortality. The study included a total of 1,429 eligible adult participants, divided into four groups based on quartiles of DII, with adjustments for sample weights. Methodologically, we used multivariable logistic regression analyses and to examine the association between DII and sarcopenia. Additionally, we used restricted cubic spline (RCS) tests to evaluate potential non-linear relationships. To assess the effect of sarcopenia on overall all-cause mortality, we used Kaplan–Meier models and Cox proportional hazards models. Moreover, we used RCS analyses to investigate potential non-linear relationships between ASMI and all-cause mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted to confirm the reliability of our study findings.ResultsIn our COPD participant cohort, individuals with higher DII scores were more likely to be female, unmarried, have lower educational attainment, and show lower ASMI. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we found a positive association between the highest quartile of DII levels and sarcopenia incidence [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.37; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.26–4.48; p = 0.01]. However, analysis of RCS curves did not show a non-linear relationship between DII and sarcopenia. Throughout the entire follow-up period, a total of 367 deaths occurred among all COPD patients. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed a significantly higher all-cause mortality rate among individuals with concurrent sarcopenia (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed a 44% higher risk of all-cause mortality among COPD patients with sarcopenia compared to those without sarcopenia [Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.44; 95% CI 1.05–1.99; p &amp;lt; 0.05]. Additionally, our final RCS analyses revealed a significant non-linear association between ASMI levels and all-cause mortality among COPD patients, with a turning point identified at 8.32 kg/m2. Participants with ASMI levels above this inflection point had a 42% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to those with ASMI levels below it (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.48–0.7).ConclusionWe observed a significant association between concurrent sarcopenia and an increased risk of all-cause mortality in COPD patients within the United States. Moreover, ASMI demonstrated a non-linear association with all-cause mortality, with a critical threshold identified at 8.32 kg/m2. Our findings also revealed an association between DII and the presence of sarcopenia. Consequently, further investigations are warranted to explore the feasibility of dietary DII adjustments as a means to mitigate muscle wasting and enhance the prognosis of COPD.

Dietary inflammatory impact on NAFLD development in obese vs. lean individuals: an analysis based on NHANES 2003–2018

BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), often linked with obesity, can also affect individuals with normal weight, a condition known as “lean NAFLD”, imposing comparable burdens and adverse effects. However, the impact of diet on lean NAFLD remains underexplored. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and NAFLD among Americans, stratified by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI).MethodsFive thousand one hundred fifty-two participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2018 were comprised in the final analysis. NAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis were diagnosed by serological markers. Lean and abdominal lean individuals were identified using BMI and WHtR, separately. DII was determined by assigning scores to 28 distinct food parameters based on their inflammatory potential, obtained from the NAHNES website. Differences across DII quartiles were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis H Test, Chi-Square Test along with One-Way ANOVA. The correlation between DII and NAFLD was determined by multiple regression models and subgroup analyses.ResultsAmong the 5152 subjects, 2503 were diagnosed with NAFLD, including 86 cases of lean NAFLD and 8 cases of abdominal lean NAFLD. DII was positively linked with NAFLD (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.81 [1.48–2.21], P < 0.001) and advanced liver fibrosis (OR = 1.46 [1.02–2.07], P = 0.037). Further analysis revealed that this association was primarily observed in obese or abdominal obese participants (In BMI ≥ 25.00 kg/m^2, OR = 1.56 [1.23–1.98], P < 0.001. In WHtR> 0.50, OR = 1.48 [1.23–1.79], P < 0.001.), rather than their lean counterparts. Subgroup analyses indicated that female individuals, without a diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes appeared to be more sensitive to the rise in DII.ConclusionsOur data demonstrated a significant positive correlation between DII and NAFLD in the general population. However, the impact of a pro-inflammatory diet was less prominent in lean individuals compared to obese ones.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and cognitive impairment among American elderly: a cross-sectional study.

It has been shown that inflammation may be associated with cognitive impairment (CI). Diet modulates inflammation. However, there is currently a scarcity of epidemiological studies exploring the connection between the inflammatory potential of diet and CI. The objective was to investigate the correlation between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cognitive impairment in older adults in the United States. The present investigation utilized a cross-sectional dataset obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014. Dietary intake data was used to calculate DII scores, which were then used to categorize participants into quartiles. Participants' cognitive function was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Individuals who scored in the lowest quartile on any of these tests were classified as exhibiting low cognitive performance. The association between DII and cognitive impairment was investigated by multivariate logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup analysis. A total of 947 older adults were enrolled in the study. Following the adjustment of confounding variables, DII scores exhibited a significant and positive correlation with low cognitive performance, as measured by AFT (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.28, p = 0.02) and the DSST (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.13-1.68, p = 0.004). Compared with the lowest quartile of DII, the highest weighted odds ratio of cognitive impairment based on AFT was observed in the fourth quartile group (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.05-3.38, p = 0.03). Similarly, a comparable pattern was evident in DSST (OR 4.30, 95% CI 1.85-9.98, p = 0.003). Additionally, the smooth curve fitting results showed a nonlinear relationship between DII and cognitive decline evaluated by DSST (p for nonlinearity = 0.016). No interaction effects between cognitive impairment and age or gender were observed in relation to all cognitive test scores. This research reveals a positive link between diet with higher inflammatory potential and cognitive decline among elderly individuals in America. However, additional studies on dietary interventions are necessary to explore the cause-and-effect relationship.

Association of Pro-Inflammatory Diet with Long-Term Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: NIPPON DATA80.

A pro-inflammatory diet may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. However, this remains inconclusive as there is yet no study using a dietary record method that has been conducted in a large general population. Furthermore, an underestimation of the pro-inflammatory diet may exist due to the unmeasured effect of salt intake. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine how pro-inflammatory diet is associated with the long-term risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in a representative Japanese population. A national nutrition survey was conducted throughout Japan in 1980. After considering the exclusion criteria, 9284 individuals (56% women aged 30-92 years) were included in this study. In total, 20 dietary parameters derived from 3-day weighed dietary records were used to calculate the dietary inflammatory index (DII). The causes of death were monitored until 2009. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). Stratified analysis according to salt intake level was also performed. Compared with the lowest quartile of DII, multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) in the highest quartile were 1.28 (1.15, 1.41), 1.35 (1.14, 1.60), 1.48 (1.15, 1.92), 1.62 (1.11, 2.38), and 1.34 (1.03, 1.75) for all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, atherosclerotic CVD mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, and stroke mortality, respectively. Stratified analysis revealed stronger associations among individuals with higher salt intake. As per our findings, a pro-inflammatory diet was determined to be positively associated with the long-term risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in a representative Japanese population. Thus, considering both salt intake and pro-inflammatory diet is deemed crucial for a comprehensive assessment of CVD risk.

High Dietary Inflammatory Index increases the risk of female infertility: An analysis of NHANES 2013-2018

Diet-related inflammation, which can be evaluated using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), is increasingly related to female infertility. However, studies on the association between DII and infertility are limited. In this study, we aim to explore the association between DII and infertility and its dose-effect relationship among women aged 20 to 45 years through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2018. A total of 2613 women aged 20 to 45 years were included and analyzed. The DII was calculated using the first 24-hour dietary recall interview data and divided into quartiles. Weighted multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to explore the relationship between DII and infertility. The odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the association between DII and infertility was 1.06 (0.96–1.19) after multivariable adjustment. Compared with the first quartile (anti-inflammatory diet), the fourth quartile of DII (pro-inflammatory diet) was more strongly associated with an increased risk of infertility, with an OR of 1.61 (95% CI, 1.05–2.47). Restricted cubic splines showed a J-shaped nonlinear association between DII and infertility (P for nonlinear = .003), with a cutoff point of 2.45. When DII was higher than 2.45, the OR for infertility was 1.95 (95% CI, 1.49–2.54). Similar results were observed among the subgroup analyses. In conclusion, this study found high DII (pro-inflammatory diet) increases the risk of female infertility. DII had a J-shaped nonlinear relationship with female infertility, whose cut point is 2.45. Controlling the intake of pro-inflammatory food may be beneficial for female infertility.

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with CKD progression and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the American CKD population: A cross-sectional study.

The number of CKD patients is on the rise worldwide, and diet has become an essential aspect influencing the treatment and prognosis of CKD. However, limited research has explored the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with CKD progression and the essential kidney function indicator, eGFR, in CKD patients. This study aimed to analyze the association between DII and CKD progression and eGFR in the US CKD population using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This study utilized data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2018, with a total sample size of 2,488 individuals. Study used multiple imputation, based on 5 replications and a chained equation approach method in the R MI procedure, to account for missing data. Weighted multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DII and the risk of higher CKD stage and a weighted multiple regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between DII and eGFR. Weighted Generalized Additive Models and smoothed curve fitting were applied to detect potential non-linear relationships in this association. In all three models, it was found that DII was positively associated with the risk of higher CKD stage (P < 0.0001), and an increase in DII was associated with a decrease in eGFR (P < 0.0001). The trend across quartiles of DII remained statistically significant, revealing a gradual elevation in higher CKD stage risk and reduction in eGFR levels for the second, third, and fourth quartiles compared to the lowest quartile (P for trend < 0.0001). Upon adjusting for age, gender, race, education level, poverty income ratio (PIR), marital status, body mass index (BMI), metabolic equivalent (MET) score, drinking, smoking, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, cotinine, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total triglycerides, and total cholesterol, we found a positive correlation between DII and the risk of higher CKD stage (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.40). Further investigation revealed that an increase in DII was associated with a decrease in eGFR (β = -1.29, 95% CI: -1.75, -0.83). Smooth curves illustrated a non-linear positive correlation between DII and CKD risk, while a non-linear negative correlation was observed between DII and eGFR. Our study results indicate that an increase in DII is associated with an increased risk of higher CKD stage and a decrease in eGFR in all three models. In the fully adjusted model, the risk of higher CKD stage increased by 26% and the eGFR decreased by 1.29 ml/min/1.73 m2 for each unit increase in DII. This finding suggests that in patients with CKD in the US, improved diet and lower DII values may help slow the decline in eGFR and delay the progression of CKD.

Association of dietary inflammatory index with obesity among children and adolescents in the United States NHANES cohort: a population-based study

BackgroundChildhood obesity has become a huge challenge to childhood health, and there is a lack of understanding about the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and childhood obesity. The main objective of this study was to analyze the potential link between DII and obesity among children and adolescents residing in the United States.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was performed using data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2009 and 2018. In total, 12,454 participants were included in the analysis. DII was calculated based on dietary data from the first day of the 24-hour dietary recall. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between DII and obesity, as well as central obesity defined by the waist-to-height ratio of 0.5 or higher or waist circumference ≥ 90th percentile for age and sex.ResultsThe mean dietary inflammation index was 2.05 (SE = 0.02), with higher levels in children than in adolescents (P = 0.01). According to our findings, the prevalence of central obesity was higher among adolescents (38.0%) than among children (31.4%). The adolescents in the third quartile of DII have a higher risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.24–1.71) after adjusting for age, sex, and race. This positive association remained significant even after physical activity was added to the model. Concerning central obesity, the adolescents in the highest quartile of DII have a higher risk, independent of demographic characteristics and physical activity. However, no significant association was observed among children.ConclusionsThe dietary inflammation index was positively associated with overweight/obesity and central obesity among adolescents in the United States after adjusting for confounding factors. These findings highlight the importance of promoting anti-inflammatory diets in adolescents to prevent obesity and its associated complications.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and Stroke in the US population: evidence from NHANES 1999–2018

BackgroundThere is an increasing awareness that diet-related inflammation may have an impact on the stroke. Herein, our goal was to decipher the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with stroke in the US general population.MethodsWe collected the cross-sectional data of 44,019 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018. The association of DII with stroke was estimated using weighted multivariate logistic regression, with its nonlinearity being examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied for identifying key stroke-related dietary factors, which was then included in the establishment of a risk prediction nomogram model, with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve being built to evaluate its discriminatory power for stroke.ResultsAfter confounder adjustment, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke across higher DII quartiles were 1.19 (0.94–1.54), 1.46 (1.16–1.84), and 1.87 (1.53–2.29) compared to the lowest quartile, respectively. The RCS curve showed a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke. The nomogram model based on key dietary factors identified by LASSO regression displayed a considerable predicative value for stroke, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 79.8% (78.2–80.1%).ConclusionsOur study determined a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke in the US general population. Given the intrinsic limitations of cross-sectional study design, it is necessary to conduct more research to ensure the causality of such association.

Association between Chronic Obsructive Pulmonary Disease and Dietary Inflammatory Index in Korean Men Over 40s-based on the 2016-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between chronic obsructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and dietary inflammatory index (DII) in Korean male adults.Methods: The subjects consisted of 4,267 Korean male adults aged over 40 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016-2019. Subjects were categorized into four groups based on quartiles of dietary inflammatory index score.Results: Individuals with high DII score had poor health habits such as drinking, smoking, activity limitations. The intake of anti-inflammatory items except monounsaturated fatty acid decreased as the DII item score increased. The higher the score of DII, the lower the forced expiratory volumn in 1 sec (FEV&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;/FVC which are lung function measures. The prevalence of COPD increased in the highest quartile of the DII score.Conclusions: It was found that dietary inflammatory index was significantly associated with lung function and COPD. The promotion of a healthy diet with anti-inflammatory properties may help to prevent COPD in male adults.

Association of dietary inflammatory index with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in hyperuricemia population: A cohort study from NHANES 2001 to 2010.

Dietary management is a crucial component of non-pharmacological treatment for hyperuricemia, yet there is a paucity of research on the impact of dietary habits on the survival outcomes of individuals with hyperuricemia. The objective of this study is to examine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with hyperuricemia. This study included 3093 adult participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2010. Participants were categorized into 4 groups based on quartiles of DII to demonstrate data characteristics, with sample weights considered. The relationship between DII and the risk of hyperuricemia was examined using multivariable logistic regression models. Kaplan-Meier models and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to assess the relationship between DII levels and the all-cause mortality in individuals with hyperuricemia, with the non-linear relationship tested using restricted cubic splines (RCS). Competing risk models were employed to investigate the association between DII levels and the CVD mortality in individuals diagnosed with hyperuricemia. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed to confirm the robustness and reliability of the findings. Among the participants, 47.95% were aged over 60 years. A positive association observed between the highest quartile of DII level and the incidence of hyperuricemia (OR: 1.34, CI [1.13, 1.57]). Elevated DII levels were correlated with increased all-cause mortality (P value < .001) and CVD mortality (P value < .001) in participants. In comparison to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of DII exhibited a 31% rise in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.31, CI [1.01, 1.68]) and a 50% increase in CVD mortality (HR: 1.50, CI [1.00, 2.26]). No indication of a nonlinear association between DII levels and all-cause mortality (p-non-linear = .43). These findings indicate a positive correlation between the pro-inflammatory diet and the incidence of hyperuricemia. Additionally, a pro-inflammatory diet may elevate the all-cause and CVD mortality in individuals with hyperuricemia.

Association between the dietary inflammatory index and gout in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018

ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) correlated with gout in American adults. MethodThe study used data from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, with 27,710 adults participating. Initially, multivariable analysis was performed, with controls for covariates, to assess the link of DII and gout. Then, restricted cubic splines (RCS) were applied to model the nonlinear relationship of DII and gout. Furthermore, propensity score matching (PSM) as a further study of potential relationships was established. Eventually, subgroup analysis was performed. ResultParticipants within the highest DII quartile would be more susceptible to increased risk of gout in the univariate regression model (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.31, CI: 1.05–1.63). Additionally, a positive correlation was detected between gout risk and DII after adjusting on drinking, smoking, gender, race, age, and BMI. Based on RCS analysis, we observed that the risk of gout raised sharply as DII values increased, then flattened, and increased sharply again when the DII was greater than approximately 2.5. After performing the PSM, it was observed that DII correlated in a positive way to the presence of gout on a fully adjusted multivariable model. Subgroup analysis revealed that the link of DII and gout showed no statistical significance in females, blacks, Mexicans, nor in the population that smoked. ConclusionGreater degrees of pro-inflammation correlate with a higher risk of gout and might be a predisposing factor for gout. Hence, tactics fostering an anti-inflammatory diet for preventing and improving gout in adults should be regarded.

Interaction of common variants of FTO gene and Dietary Inflammatory Index on obesity measures: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

BackgroundThis study aimed to examine the interaction of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on change in obesity measures.MethodsA total of 4480...

The association between dietary inflammatory index and C-reactive protein in plasma and semen with semen quality: A cross-sectional study

Background: Infertility affects couples worldwide, with male factors being responsible for half of all cases.&#x0D; Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in plasma and semen with the quality of semen in infertile males.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 infertile men referring to Besat hospital, Tehran, Iran from December 2021-November 2022 were enrolled. A detailed questionnaire requesting information, and a 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, were completed by participants. A food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the DII. Additionally, semen and blood samples were collected from each participant for semen analysis and CRP-level assessment. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the association between DII and CRP levels with sperm quality. The correlation between DII and serum/semen CRP, besides assessing nutrients in each DII quartile group, was also explored.&#x0D; Results: A significant difference was observed between different DII quartiles considering sperm motility (p = 0.006) and morphology (p = 0.014). Post hoc study revealed a significant difference between the 1st and 2nd quartiles and the 1st and 4th quartiles of DII regarding sperm motility (p = 0.011, and 0.017 respectively) and a significant difference between the 1st and 2nd quartiles of DII considering sperm morphology (p = 0.009). A statistically significant inverse correlation was also observed between DII and sperm motility (p = 0.017). Carbohydrates and β-carotenes were significantly different between the 4 DII quartiles (p = 0.043 and p = 0.026, respectively). Finally, no significant correlation was observed between DII and CRP levels in blood and semen (p &gt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The findings suggested a notable correlation between DII and semen quality; however, no significant association were observed between DII and CRP levels in blood and semen.&#x0D; Key words: Infertility, C-reactive protein, CRP, Inflammation, Sperm.

Association of dietary total antioxidant capacity, alternative healthy eating index, and dietary inflammatory index with semen quality in men seeking infertility treatment.

Since the association between dietary quality scores and semen quality remains unclear, we carried out a hospital-based cross-sectional study to investigate the association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (dTAC), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores with semen quality in men seeking infertility treatment. This study enrolled 210 men with unexplained or idiopathic infertility. Semen samples were collected and analyzed according to the WHO 2010 criteria. Dietary data was collected using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) developed for Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between dTAC, AHEI, and DII scores with abnormal semen in crude and adjusted models. There were no significant differences across quartile categories of the dTAC, AHEI, and DII scores regarding semen parameters. There was a trend toward a significant direct association between DII and abnormal semen risk (p = 0.01). Infertile men in the highest quartile of DII had a 2.84 times higher risk of abnormal semen in the crude model (OR: 3.84; 95% CI: 1.64-8.95); such that remained after adjusting for several potential confounders. There was no significant association between dTAC or AHEI and the risk of abnormal semen in infertile men, either before or after adjusting for potential confounders. Total energy (p = 0.05), fat (p = 0.02), saturated fat (p = 0.02), mono-saturated fat (p = 0.009), Thiamine (Vitamin B1) (p = 0.02), Niacin (Vitamin B3) (p = 0.03), Calcium (p = 0.01), and Selenium (p = 0.01) were inversely associated with semen normality. The study suggests that certain dietary factors may affect semen quality, and the mechanisms underlying the observed associations are likely multifactorial, involving complex interactions between diet, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormone levels. Further research is required to confirm the results, fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the associations, and identify specific dietary interventions that may improve male fertility outcomes.

Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Correlated with High Veillonella rogosae, Gut Inflammation and Clinical Relapse of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions arising from an intricate interplay of genetics and environmental factors, and are associated with gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and gut permeability. In this study, we investigated whether the inflammatory potential of the diet is associated with the gut microbiota profile, inflammation, and permeability in forty patients with IBD in clinical remission. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) score was used to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. The fecal microbiota profile was analyzed using 16SrRNA (V3-V4) gene sequencing, while fecal zonulin and calprotectin levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We found a positive correlation between the DII score and elevated calprotectin levels (Rho = 0.498; p = 0.001), but not with zonulin levels. Although α- and β-diversity did not significantly differ across DII quartiles, the most pro-inflammatory diet group exhibited a higher fecal abundance of Veillonella rogosae (p = 0.026). In addition, the abundance of some specific bacteria sequences showed an exponential behavior across DII quartiles and a correlation with calprotectin or zonulin levels (p ≤ 0.050). This included a positive correlation between sq702. Veillonella rogosae and fecal calprotectin levels (Rho = 0.419, p = 0.007). DII, calprotectin, and zonulin levels were identified as significant predictors of 6-month disease relapse (p ≤ 0.050). Our findings suggest a potential relationship of a pro-inflammatory diet intake with Veillonella rogosae and calprotectin levels in IBD patients in clinical remission, which may contribute to disease relapse.