Dictionary Of Neologisms Research Articles

LINGUOCREATIVE POTENTIAL OF CONVERSION IN ENGLISH

The article focuses on the linguocreative potential of conversion in English on the basis of neologisms. Neologisms are newly created words or phrases that are not yet commonly used or recognized by the general public. Neologisms can be introduced into language for a variety of reasons, such as to express new concepts or ideas, to describe new technologies or phenomena, or to provide more precise language for a particular field or community. The linguocreative potential of conversion lies in its ability to create neologisms and expand the vocabulary of a language. By converting a word from one part of speech to another, speakers can express new shades of meaning or add versatility to their language use. In ordert to study the linguo-creative potential of conversion in English, we identified 1080 examples from the dictionaries of neologisms "The Facts on File Dictionary of New Words" (1985), "The Morrow Book of New Words: 8500 Terms Not Yet in Standard Dictionaries" (1982), in which neologisms-conversives of 1950-1970 are presented, and also The Oxford Dictionary of New Words: A popular guide to words in the news (2010) and Webster's New World Dictionary of American English (2016), which cite neologisms-conversives of the beginning of the XXI century. All examples are analyzed taking into account the socio-economic preconditions of their appearance, the peculiarities of the use of neologisms-conversives as a reflection of the linguistic picture of the human world are described, quantitative characteristics of the spread of neologisms-conversives in different time periods are established.

TVORBENA PRODUKTIVNOST SKRAĆENICA U ITALIJANSKOM I SRPSKOM/CRNOGORSKOM JEZIKU: DERIVACIJA SUFIKSACIJOM

The research is focused on the comparison between the abbreviations in modern Italian and those in Serbian and Montenegrin language, as stems for derivation by nominal, adjectival, and verbal suffixes. The approach is contrastive, and for the corpora were used mostly materials extracted from the daily press, as well as dictionaries of neologisms in the case of Italian corpus. For the Italian corpus, the dictionaries used were Neologismi: Parole nuove dai giornali (2009) by Istituto Treccani, with an updated online version of that dictionary on the publisher’s site https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/neologismi/, as well as the database ONLI: Osservatorio Neologico della Lingua Italiana (https://www.iliesi.cnr.it/ONLI/), which collects materials mostly from daily and weekly press. Several studies on abbreviations were also very helpful as the source for examples of suffixation. Serbian and Montenegrin press was analyzed as one corpus, as there are virtually no differences between these languages as far as abbreviations are concerned. The latter corpus relies mostly on online versions of Serbian and Montenegrin daily press (Vijesti, Pobjeda, Dan, Novosti, Telegraf, Politika, and so on), with several examples taken from social media, blogs and web portals, for the most part through the web site Kontekst.io (https://www.kontekst.io/) which for Serbian corpus uses database srWaC (Serbian Web, https://www.clarin.si/noske/run.cgi/corp_info?corpname=srwac&struct_attr_ stats=1&subcorpora=1). As in printed Serbian and Montenegrin literature were found only older and, in some cases, outdated examples, it was necessary to complement this corpus with newer and more up-to-date materials. In the corpora analysis, neologisms derived from acronyms by suffixation were of particular interest, as an indicator of vitality and productivity of these lexical items in modern language. As they become more and more present in modern languages, this traditional approach to abbreviations as a marginal anomaly should be revised. It is necessary to establish consistent rules of writing and pronouncing for some acronyms, as well as to meet the requirements of everyday use which their limited inflection and morphosyntactic irregularity can complicate. Although their form does not conform to the rest of the language system, their use is becoming more frequent and encompassing, and the number of derivations from the most used and present abbreviations keeps growing. In both Serbian and Montenegrin linguistics, the research of abbreviations has merely started as far as word formation is concerned. Therefore, this field offers a lot of potential for further research, especially if one observes the daily influence of extralinguistic context on the changes in modern language.

Converging Lexicography and Neology

Abstract: This introduction summarizes general issues combining lexicography and neology in the context of the Globalex Workshop on Lexicography and Neology series. We present each of the six papers composing this Special Issue, featuring two Slavic languages (Czech and Slovak) and two Romance ones (Brazilian Portuguese and Spanish in its European and Latin American varieties) and their diverse lexicographic research and representation, in specialized dictionaries of neologisms or general language ones, in monolingual, bilingual and multilingual lexical resources, and in print and digital dictionaries.

Dictionarization and Lexical Variation in Dictionaries of Spanish Neologisms

Dictionaries of neologisms are quite complex to characterize; furthermore, there is little discussion on this issue in the literature and hardly any theoretical reflection on it. In this paper we claim that the specific nature of this kind of dictionaries lies, in part, in the peculiar character of the concept of neologism itself, and in part in the problems involved in lexicographic typologization in general, and of dictionaries of pluricentric languages in particular. We describe dictionaries of neologisms from three points of view: as ‘transition’ devices, ‘remedial’ devices, and documents. The aim of this article is to show how Spanish dialectal variation is represented in dictionaries of neologisms that were published since 2008. The main focus of our analysis is the Antenario. Diccionario en línea de neologismos de las variedades del español (http://www.antenario.wordpress.com), designed and written by the Antenas Neológicas Network (https://www.upf.edu/web/antenas). Our discussion is focused on how the pluricentric nature of Spanish impacts on the representation of varieties in the Antenario, which to date is the only dictionary that explicitly sets out to capture this phenomenon. We consider two of the structures of the dictionary: the macrostructure or headword list and the microstructure or structure of the entry.

К ПРОБЛЕМЕ ОТБОРА ТЕРМИНОВ В НЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СЛОВАРЬ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ НАУЧНО-ПОПУЛЯРНОЙ ПЕРИОДИКИ)

К ПРОБЛЕМЕ ОТБОРА ТЕРМИНОВ В НЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СЛОВАРЬ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ НАУЧНО-ПОПУЛЯРНОЙ ПЕРИОДИКИ)

Neologisms in an Online Portal: The Dutch Neologismenwoordenboek (NW)

Every year thousands of neologisms, or new words, are coined. Most neologisms are compounds or derivations. Existing words used with a new meaning (e.g., English smart [slim in Dutch] 'appearing to have a degree of intelligence' [OED]), often used attributively before a machine or device) and new multiword units (urban gym) are also treated as neologisms. New loanwords are often considered neologisms as well: in Dutch many neologisms are borrowed from English, as with frosecco 'frozen prosecco' and the more familiar crowdsourcing and staycation, for example. Not every neologism is widely used and the majority of new words will disappear. The more widely adopted or firmly rooted neologisms are often described in dictionaries, such as the Algemeen Nederlands Woordenboek (ANW), an online dictionary of present-day Dutch. Why are some new words adopted, while others are ignored? Is it necessary to register and describe neologisms that are likely to disappear, for example in a dictionary of neologisms? And what should a dictionary of neologisms look like? In this article I present a pilot version of a new dictionary of Dutch neologisms. Firstly, I explain how neologisms are created in general and what Dutch neologisms look like. Secondly, I demonstrate why it is necessary to register and describe neologisms (including those that are not adopted in contemporary speech) in an online dictionary portal. Then I zoom in on Dutch and show how potential neologisms in Dutch can be detected with the aid of the computer tool Neoloog and through corpus analysis. Finally, I examine the lemma structure of a Dutch special-domain dictionary of neologisms, the Neologismenwoordenboek (NW) and discuss how it differs from the ANW in the way it describes neologisms.

Micromachism in the modern Spanish language and culture

«Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Язык и литература» — научно-теоретический журнал, публикующий научно-исследовательские статьи и критические научные рецензии на русском и английском языках, призванные отразить актуальную проблематику современной лингвистики, литературоведения и междисциплинарных гуманитарных исследований, а также представить многообразие существующих здесь подходов и плюрализм мнений исследователей.

Еліптизовані лексичні одиниці в англомовному медійному дискурсі початку ХХІ століття.

The article focuses on the study of new lexemes constructed according to the model of elliptic shortening in the English media discourse of early 21st century – their structural typology, semantic content and functional implementation of constituting media discourse and its strategies. The material of the researchwas taken form the fragments of English media discourse in on-line versions of newspapers and magazines and lexicographic publications (explanatory dictionaries, and dictionaries of neologisms). The methods of the research include the method of continuous selection of the material, method of reconstruction of word-formation models, methods of definitional and component analysis, methods of qualitative analysis, and linguopragmatic method. The article proves the fact that elliptical lexical units are characterized by two types of ellipsis – the ellipse of the headword and the ellipse of modificator with the predominance of the first type – the process in which the remained adjective of a binary word-combination, known as a substantivized one acquires the paradigm, syntactic functions and the semantic content of the noun. The author comes to the conclusion that in particular it can be explained by the existence of greater number of classifying components that denote not only the referents of reality but also indicate their distinctive properties in the English media discourse as compared with the number of classified components. The role of elliptical lexical innovations in the implementation of attention drawing and appealing to necessities strategies for organizing English media discourse has been examined.

Dictionaries of Neologisms: a Review and Proposals for its Improvement

Abstract The aim of this paper is to study twelve modern Dictionaries of Neologisms (DN) in six different languages: Catalan, English, French, Galician, Italian and Spanish. I systematically analysed an array of relevant parameters in lexicographical works of this type. First, the two criteria most used by the DNs to identify the eligible lexical units are: the lexicographical (based on the use of a control corpus) and the chronological criterion. Second, I described and analysed in depth the macrostructure (origin of entries, variants, parts-of-speech) and the microstructure (definitions and senses, citations, examples and contexts, dating and thematic fields) of the DNs. From a general perspective, these DNs are grouped into three types: those developed by an author, by publishing houses and by Observatories of Neology – each with different objectives and methodologies. Third, I have tried to summarize the main strengths and weaknesses of these DNs, and I propose a number of contents and measures intended in particular to improve modern DNs. Finally, I conclude that in the 21st century we can indeed speak of a “neological lexicography”.

Liberation and Concept, the Language of Avowing Bodies ― Linguistic Politics in South Korea during the US Military Government Period, Focusing on English Scholar of Korea and the Making Dictionaries of Neologisms

Liberation and Concept, the Language of Avowing Bodies ― Linguistic Politics in South Korea during the US Military Government Period, Focusing on English Scholar of Korea and the Making Dictionaries of Neologisms

Korpusbasierte Wörterbucharbeit mit den Daten des Projekts Deutscher Wortschatz

The corpus project Deutscher Wortschatz (German Vocabulary) at Leipzig University is collecting and processing textual data for 15 years. It now consists of approx. 2 billion running words in 160 million sentences. The dictionary is online available at www.wortschatz.uni-leipzig.de and, moreover, contains word co-occurrence data. The pre-processing of the data used mainly language independent methods and were used for corpora in other languages, too. The paper describes the production process for three dictionaries for which these corpus data were used: a thesaurus, a dictionary of neologisms, and a collocation dictionary. In all cases, the raw data for the dictionary entries were produced automatically, and the final entries were written only using these pre-selections. In the case of the thesaurus, the preprocessing consisted in a corpus based detection of semantically similar words. For the neologism dictionary the yearly frequency information were used and for the collocation dictionary, word co-occurrences and part of speech information were combined.

Fifty Years among the New Words: A Dictionary of Neologisms, 1941-1991

Acknowledgments Introduction: Collecting new words The making of new words The motives for new words References Index of new words with glosses Index of contributors Among the new words, 1941-91.

While Reading Soviet Dictionaries of Neologisms

While Reading Soviet Dictionaries of Neologisms