Recycling Of Diapers Research Articles

Calculation formula in determining recycling of disposable diapers waste as concrete composite materials

Disposable diaper waste is a crucial environmental problem today. Population growth is one of the triggers for increasing this type of waste. To overcome this, various studies on recycling diaper waste are a top priority. Some researchers recycle diaper waste as building components, especially concrete. The results of those studies have a positive impact on waste recycling innovation. In this paper, we will try to approach the formula for calculating the recycling of diapers as concrete. In addition, a simple simulation is used to determine the capacity of diaper waste that can be recycled as building material. The study revealed that parameters to calculate waste capacity for disposable diapers is age population of 0-4 years, frequency of changing diaper and mass of diaper. Thus, parameters to be considered for replacement of concrete component by waste materials, especially disposable diapers is density of materials, mass of materials and percentage of replacement Based on the calculation simulation results, the use of diaper waste as a concrete material for road pavement is better to reduce waste production capacity than for building components.

Sustainable production of diapers and their potential outputs for the Pakistani market in the circular economy perspective

One of the challenging issues of any country's agenda today is the management of solid waste in the circular economy and eco-efficiency perspective. In this context, there has been much debate about the disposal of diapers, but the current research lacks data for developing countries. Furthermore, the research lacks quantification of data, in terms of output products generated through sustainable waste management practices particularly for diapers. Thus, this research aims to develop a quantitative study based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing Analysis (LCCA) which help to evaluate the overall eco-efficiency of various disposal methods by taking into account their net input and resultant monetary value, in the context of Pakistan. To cover limitations of LCA approach, results have been compared along with the expert's opinion using the well-known multi-criteria method Fuzzy logic and Technique for Order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) technique. Human health and environment have been used as end-point indicators. The main research result points out that incorporating small scale incineration plants along with recycling using Thermal Pyrolysis Hydrolysis (TPH) plants can help to sustainably dispose-off diapers. The results also indicate the importance for policy makers and industrial sector to find solutions to facilitate implementation of circular economy principles for diapers. In fact, the recycling of diapers using waste-to-energy technologies is a significantly eco-efficient alternative for the Pakistani market, which can be pivotal for Sustainable development and initiation of a circular economy model.

Environmental and Safety Assessment of Used Disposable Diaper Recycling

Environmental and Safety Assessment of Used Disposable Diaper Recycling

Evaluation of a Disposable-Diaper Collection Trial in Korea through Comparison with an Absorbent-Hygiene-Product Collection Trial in Scotland

This study was designed to analyze the feasibility of economic aspects assuming that the policy of diaper recycling is necessary. With respect to economic feasibility, the collection and transportation of the diaper waste, which accounts for much of the cost, need to be optimized. Starting with the results of a collection trial in Scotland (2012), the method used in a collection trial in Korea (2014) was analyzed to identify problems incurring additional costs. This paper targeted daycare centers in Nowon-Gu, Seoul—because of the quantity of waste diapers they produce and the efficiency of collection—to identify the problems and to predict the cost of collection. This study evaluated multiple scenarios in light of their collection costs, discovering factors that could improve the system and reduce the cost and created the most economically feasible and optimized collection model. This paper will serve as empirical evidence proving the economics of diaper collection when the regulation is revised or amended in the future.

종이 기저귀 재활용에 대한 환경성 분석

Recycling of disposable diaper can help to alleviate many of the problems associated with landfills and waste incinerators, such as ground water and air pollution. Along with the consideration of the environmental effects, technology, social acceptance, and economic feasibility also need to be taken into account in promoting the recycling of diaper. With respect to the environmental effect, the environmental enhancement of diaper recycling comparing to current disposal method need to be identified. This study validates that accurate statistical data on diaper generation, material information and usage should be collected to assess the environmental aspect quantification. Life cycle assessment was conducted to measure the environmental impact caused by the utilization of diaper recycling process. Since the environmental effects of diaper recycling are largely avoided by the regeneration of pulp and plastic, the environmental improvement effect is significantly higher than current disposal method considering the production of pulp and plastic. It was found that the improvement effect of 131% in terms of eutrophication and 185% in terms of resource depletion was shown to be improvement. For actual diaper recycling to be realized in the future, an additional study on the optimal size, location, and target rate needs to be carried out through a variety of pilot projects and an environmental analysis should be conducted based on actual operational data.

Pilot trial on separation conditions for diaper recycling

By utilizing laboratory-scale tests, the optimal separation conditions for diaper recycling were identified, and then, these conditions were validated by a pilot trial. In this research, we determined the mass balances derived during various processing steps and identified the most feasible procedures to use for separating each material in the output flow. The results showed that drum screening was not able to remove all the fiber and super absorbent particles (SAP) in the plastic-rich fraction and that cellulose enzyme treatment can be a good solution. To achieve better separation of fibers and SAP, slot screening followed by a cleaner is a potential option. A feasible diaper recycling process was recommended based on these results. This process involves screening and enzymatic treatment for the plastic fraction, and screening, cleaning, and thickening for the fiber fraction. Treatment procedures were also proposed for the SAP fraction and rejected materials.

The Gap between Attitudes Toward Diaper Recycling and the Actual Behavior of Daycare Teachers and Parents

The Gap between Attitudes Toward Diaper Recycling and the Actual Behavior of Daycare Teachers and Parents

Wastewater Treatment Process Study for Used Diaper Recycling

ABSTRACT This study aims to suggest wastewat er treatment options for diaper recycling by identifying characteristic analysis of wastewater from diaper recycling proces s and efficiency evaluation of wastewater treatment units. The wastewater characteristic analysis showed that the concentration of organic pollutants and ion-ic materials were very hi gh comparing to seawater. Through the in vestigation of similar wastewater treat-ment, six treatment units were identified to reduce pollutants. It is found UF(ultra-filtration), DAF(dis-solved air flotation), fenton oxidation, electro-coagulation and chemical-coagulation are effective in re-ducing organic pollutants while membrane system and ion exchanger are effective in reducing ionic materials. Even though the target of water quality sh ould be secured in terms of managing organic pollu-tants level, the application of treatment unit for reducing ionic material needs lots of considerations. This result suggests that reuse of pulping wastewater after controlling organic pollutants is better than direct discharge of pulping wastewater. To select the appropriate wastewater treatment unit, an economic anal-ysis about operation condition, wastewater flow, cost, efficiency should be considered.

국내 폐 기저귀 재활용의 경제적, 기술적 타당성 분석

Abstract An extensive literature survey and personal communication with relevant experts made it possible to understand economicand technical feasibility of disposable diaper recycling. Commercial level of soiled diaper recycling technology is currently avail-able from a Dutch company, Knowaste Co., who owns a proprietary separation technology of the pulps, plastics and superabsorbing polymer (SAP). In Korea, on the other hand, pre-consumer diaper recycling technology without material separationat its infancy converts manufacturing scraps into refuse plastic fuel (RPF), container/truck cargo boards or automobile boards/sheets. Although previous studies on feasibility of post-consumer recycling in Korea showed mutually contradictory implication,it was found out in this research that significantly positive economic feasibility can be obtained with pre-consumer diaper recy-cling. Subsequent recycling R&D including pre-consumer scrap and policy support may expedite 'Establishment of SustainableSociety.Key words : diaper waste, recycling, economic and technical feasibility · Received : January 9, 2015 · Revised : January 29, 2015 · Accepted : February 3, 2015Corresponding Author : Joong Woo Ahn (E-mail : jwahn@sungshin.ac.kr)Department of Interdisciplinary Eco-Science, Sungshin Women’s University, 55 Dobong-ro 76ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul, 142-732 KoreaTel : +82-2-920-7897 / Fax : +82-2-920-2786ⓒThe Korean Institute of Resources Recycling. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the termsof the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permitsunrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Diaper Recycling Policy Design Options with a Focus on Influential Factors of Recycling Behavior: Based on a Survey on Citizens’ Awareness in Seoul

Diaper Recycling Policy Design Options with a Focus on Influential Factors of Recycling Behavior: Based on a Survey on Citizens’ Awareness in Seoul