Diagnostic Criteria For Obesity Research Articles

The relationships between obesity and epilepsy: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

There is ongoing debate regarding the association between epilepsy and obesity. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the correlation between epilepsy and obesity. This study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. On The Prospero website, this study has been successfully registered (CRD42023439530), searching electronic databases from the Cochr-ane Library, PubMed, Web of Sciences and Embase until February 10, 2024.The search keywords included "Epilepsy", "Obesity", "Case-Control Studies", "cohort studies", "Randomized Controlled Trial" and "Cross-Sectional Studies". The medical subject headings(MeSH) of PubMed was utilized to search for relevant subject words and free words, and a comprehensive search strategy was developed. Two reviewers conducted article screening, data extraction and bias risk assessment in strict accordance with the predefined criteria for including and excluding studies. The predefined inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Inclusion of case-control, cohort, randomized controlled trial, and cross-sectional studies; 2) Segregation of subjects into epileptic patients and healthy controls; 3)Obesity as the outcome measure; 4) Availability of comprehensive data; 5) Publication in English. The exclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Exclusion of animal experiments, reviews, and other types of studies; 2) Absence of a healthy control group; 3) Incomplete data; 4) Unextractable or unconvertible data; 5) Low quality, indicated by an Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ) score of 5 or lower,or a Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) score less than 3. The subjects included in the study included adults and children, and the diagnostic criteria for obesity were used at different ages. In this study, obesity was defined as having a body mass index(BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or higher in adults and being above the 85th percentile of BMI for age in children. We used obesity as an outcome measure for meta-analysis using RevMan, version 5.3. A meta-analysis was conducted on a total of 17 clinical studies, which involved 5329 patients with epilepsy and 480837 healthy controls. These studies were selected from a pool of 1497 articles obtained from four electronic databases mentioned earlier. Duplicate studies were removed based on the search strategies employed. No significant heterogeneity was observed in the outcome measure of obesity in epileptic patients compared with healthy controls(p = 0.01,I2 = 49%). Therefore, a fixed effects model was utilized in this study. The findings revealed a significant difference in obesity prevalence between patients with epilepsy and healthy controls(OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.20-1.38, p<0.01). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that epilepsy patients are more prone to obesity than healthy people, so we need to pay attention to the problem of post-epilepsy obesity clinically. Currently, there is a scarcity of largescale prospective studies. Additional clinical investigations are warranted to delve deeper into whether obesity is a comorbidity of epilepsy and whether obesity can potentially trigger epilepsy.

Prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity and their association with metabolic-related conditions in Vietnamese adults: an analysis of Vietnam STEPS survey 2009 and 2015

The abdominal obesity trends and prevalence are important contributing factors to significant rise of many noncommunicable diseases in Vietnam but have not been well-documented in the literature. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and trends of obesity and abdominal obesity in Vietnam from 2009 to 2015 and evaluate how different definitions of obesity and abdominal obesity are associated with metabolic-related conditions. We conducted a secondary analysis based on the Vietnam STEPS (STEPwise approach to Surveillance) cross-sectional Survey 2009 and 2015. Obesity and abdominal obesity were defined using the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) cut-offs from the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Depending on the specific cut-offs, from 2009 to 2015, obesity prevalence increased from 0.8%-10% to 1.7%-16.4% in women and from 0.8%-10.3% to 1.7%-15% in men; abdominal obesity prevalence increased from 3%-31.3% to 8%-41.7% in women and from 0.3%-19.3% to 0.4%-25% in men. Abdominal obesity using WC-IDF and WHR-WHO definitions had noticeably higher sensitivity and lower specificity for metabolic-related conditions compared to the other four criteria. All anthropometric measurements were statistically correlated with biomarkers/blood pressure in 2009 and 2015 except for fasting glucose. Only WC-IDF and WHR-WHO definitions showed consistent association with all reported metabolic-related conditions regardless of sex and survey years. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity in Vietnam is increasing rapidly, especially abdominal obesity in women regardless of the criteria used. More studies are needed to investigate how using different diagnostic criteria for obesity and abdominal obesity could better identify metabolic-related conditions. Authors received no funding for this study.

Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Serum Uric Acid Among Healthy Pakistani Adults: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

Aim: To assess the relationship between body mass index and serum uric acid among healthy Pakistani adults Study design: A cross-sectional comparative study Place and Duration This study was conducted in Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College Multan from November 2020 to April 2022 Methodology:A total of 250 subjects were randomly recruited out of which 120 subjects were selected in this study. Each group comprised 60 subjects. Group A comprised healthy controls subjects, while Group B comprised hyperuricemic persons with no complaints. By dividing body weight (kg) by the square of height, the BMI was computed. We divided BMI into three categories using diagnostic criteria for obesity in Asian populations given by the WHO. Participants' fasting blood samples (5 mL) were taken under stringent aseptic conditions to measure the serum uric acid level Version 23.0 of IBM-SPSS was used to store and analyse the data, Counts with percentages were reported on gender and BMI classifications between the two studied groups, and Mean with standard deviation were given for BMI and serum uric acid. Results:In the present study in group A 66.7% were male gender, 63.3% were overweight, mean BMI was 24.2 (SD=±2.0) kg/m2, and mean serum uric acid was 4.5 (SD=±0.6) units, whereas in group B there were 60% male gender, 70% were overweight, mean BMI was 23.6 (SD=±1.4) and mean serum uric acid was 8.1 (SD=±0.6) units. The independent sample test gives a significant mean difference in serum uric acid between group A and B samples with p&lt;0.05. Conclusion: The study's findings show no significant correlation between serum uric acid, overweight and obesity among the Pakistani adult population. Keywords: Body Mass Index, serum uric acid, Pakistan, adults, overweight

Patient-Centered Care for Obesity: How Health Care Providers Can Treat Obesity While Actively Addressing Weight Stigma and Eating Disorder Risk

Patient-Centered Care for Obesity: How Health Care Providers Can Treat Obesity While Actively Addressing Weight Stigma and Eating Disorder Risk

The Occurrence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder According to Three Different Diagnostic Criteria for Obesity

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the group of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) according to three different diagnostic criteria for obesity. The effect of ADHD treatment on the risk of obesity was controlled. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 58 subjects aged from 8 to 17 years with ADHD. Control group consisted of 62 healthy age- and sex-matched children and adolescents. Overweight and obesity were assessed according to International Obesity Task-Force (IOTF), World Health Organization (WHO) and European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) criteria. Results: There was a significantly higher incidence of obesity in ADHD group according to WHO (ADHD vs. Control: 17.2% vs. 3.2%, p = 0.01) and IOTF criteria (ADHD vs. Control: 10.3% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.04), but no significant difference according to ECOG criteria. There was significantly higher occurrence of overweight (20.7% vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001), obesity (10.3% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001), and overweight and obesity (31.0% vs. 16.3%, p < 0.001) in the ADHD group compared to the Polish population. The analysis did not show a statistically significant relationship between the amount of taken psychostimulant and the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the group of ADHD children and adolescents varies depending on the choice of diagnostic criteria. At the same time, it is significantly more frequent than in the general population. We suggest that future studies should give a clear rationale for the selection of cutoff points to minimize errors that could confound data analysis and interpretation.

Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the United States: A Multicenter Electronic Health Records Network Study

Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the United States: A Multicenter Electronic Health Records Network Study

Perspective on Diagnostic Criteria for Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Korean Adults.

Excessive body weight is associated with increased health risks in humans. In general, the risk of mortality increases with greater obesity. The 2018 guideline for the management of obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity proposed the body mass index (BMI) cut-off levels of 25 kg/m2 and 23 kg/m2 as diagnostic criteria for obesity and overweight (pre-obese) in Korean adults, respectively. Abdominal obesity has been defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥90 cm in men and WC ≥85 cm in women. In this review, the validity of these criteria for Korean adults was examined based on the evidence regarding the associations of obesity index with mortality and morbidity. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology algorithm and American Diabetes Association guideline for the medical care of obese and overweight patients support a BMI of 25 kg/m2 and 23 kg/m2, respectively, as the cut-off levels for Asians (and some ethnicities) corresponding to the BMI values of 30 kg/m2 and 25 kg/m2, respectively, for Caucasians. In the future, the optimal cut-off levels for obesity and abdominal obesity may require adjustment as the demographic characteristics of the Korean population change. In addition, development of more valid indicators that better reflect health risks of obesity is needed.

Assessment of Obesity and Hyperlipidemia in Persons with Spinal Cord

To study benefits of using FMP(fat mass percentage) measured by BIA(bioelectrical impedance analysis), as an obesity index in SCI patients. We assessed difference in obesity prevalence according to clinical characteristics of SCI patients when BMI and FMP were used as diagnostic criteria for obesity. Blood lipid profile and occurrence of hyperlipidemia were also evaluated on two different obesity indexes.

Clinical features of obese children with narcolepsy

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of narcolepsy in children with obesity, and to evaluate the impact of obesity on narcoleptic children clinically. Methods Forty cases first diagnosed as narcolepsy were recruited in the study who to see doctors at the Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, from July 2012 to January 2015.According to diagnostic criteria for obesity by the body mass index(BMI)growth curve for the Chinese children and adolescents, they were divided into the obese group and the nonobese group.The general clinical data of 2 groups were analyzed, and the related metabolic indexes and the whole night polysomnography(PSG) of 2 groups were studied. Results In this group, male versus female 3:1, obesity was found in 21 cases(52.5%) and nonobesity was found in 19 cases(47.5%) from the samples.The mean BMI of all patients was(21.55±3.11) kg/m2.The average BMI of the obese group was(23.09±2.46) kg/m2, and BMI of the non-obese group was(19.85±2.89) kg/m2.Obese children were younger at the onset of disease and by the time of diagnosis age [(7.94±2.22)years old, (8.76±2.36) years old] than nonobese children[(10.75±3.10)years old, (12.51±2.88) years old]. The fasting blood glucose and blood lipid in all patients were normal, and there was no significant difference between 2 groups.The total sleep time, sleep efficiency and the ratio of rapid eye movement(REM) phase of the obese group[(397.45±53.76) min, (68.70±8.90)%, (18.37±4.39)%]were significantly lower than those of the non-obese group [(449.95±86.49) min, (76.58±13.60)%, (22.19±6.34)%]. According to the sleep structure, the percentage of stageⅠnon rapid eye movement(NREM) sleep in the obese group[(20.90±6.38)%] was more than that in non-obese group[(16.26±4.22)%]. There was no difference between the percentage of stage ⅡNREM sleep in the obese group[(42.59±5.52)%]and the non-obese group[(38.54±8.74)%]. Stage Ⅲ+ Ⅳ(slow wave sleep) NREM sleep ratio in the obese group[(18.14±6.97)%] was significantly lower than that in the non-obese group[(22.60±5.69)%]. Conclusions Obesity is one of the most common comorbids in narcolepsy, which affects more than 50% of narcoleptic children, mostly younger at disease onset.The narcolepsy children with obesity has total sleep time decreased, sleep efficiency reduced and sleep structure disorder is more obvious.To improve the realization of obesity in narcolepsy children and early treatment is the key to the success of the therapy. Key words: Narcolepsy; Obesity; Child

Composición corporal en escolares de primaria y su relación con el hábito nutricional y la práctica reglada de actividad deportiva

ObjectivesTo present the results of a longitudinal study of six years with a group of children throughout the primary stage of education based on the relationships between body composition, frequency of food consumption, level of physical activity and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6 year-old children. MethodMonthly weight and height were measured, body mass index (BMI) was calculated and two questionnaires were administered: The Kidmed questionnaire of adherence to the Mediterranean diet for the frequency of food consumption, and the PAQ -C questionnaire for physical activity.Data corresponding to the regression equation of Cole and percentiles according to the tables of CDC Atlanta and the Foundation Orbegozo values were obtained from the BMI. Twice a year, a single frequency bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and a full kinanthropometry were assessed and measurement of energy expenditure was conducted over two consecutive days with an ArmBand calorimeter. ResultsThe main findings of this first year are as follows: Data obtained by BIA and kinanthropometry show a good correlation. The questionnaire data shows that KIDMED does not correlate with anthropometric data or BMI. Data from the PAQ- C and calorimetry show a higher level of activity in boys than in girls even when adjusted to the total body mass. ConclusionsThe differences between the three diagnostic criteria of obesity are obvious, so that our global data overweight range between 29 and 44.9% for boys and between 20.3 and 32.4% for girls, depending on the criteria used.

GW24-e3137 The etiology investigate of hypertension incidence in children

ObjectivesThrough retrospective analysis of related factors of children’s hypertension what is composed by primary hypertension and secondary hypertension disease as well as analysis of hypertension risk factors, to provide the...

Реабілітаційне лікування надмірної ваги тіла та ожиріння

The article presents epidemiological data, etiology, pathogenesis, classification, diagnostic criteria of obesity and overweight. Informed complex treatment of patients with obesity and overweight drug-free means and the results of treatment. The results show high efficacy of the treatment of this disease.

New diagnostic criteria for obesity and overweight in Korean children and adolescents using 2007 Korean National Growth Charts

The diagnostic criteria (KCDC Criteria) to define obesity and overweight of Korean children and adolescents were newly presented in the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. The KCDC Criteria were criticized for several problems caused by upward shift of body mass index (BMI) percentile curves of the growth charts. This study was conducted to establish new diagnostic criteria (New Criteria) for obesity and overweight in Korean children and adolescents that would be less affected by a change of BMI distribution in the reference population of the Growth Charts. The BMI values for ages 2-18 years corresponding to Asia-Pacific adult BMI cutoffs of obesity (25.0 kg/m(2)) and overweight (23.0 kg/m(2)) were calculated with L, M and S values presented in the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. Additionally, we examined the frequencies of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents who participated in the 2005 National Growth Survey based on both New Criteria and KCDC Criteria. The Z-scores corresponding to BMIs of 25 and 23 kg/m(2) at 18-years-of-age were 0.99 and 0.41 in boys, and 1.34 and 0.71 in girls, respectively. The BMI values corresponding to these Z-scores from age 2 to 18 years were determined as new BMI cutoffs for obesity and overweight. The frequencies of obesity and overweight estimated by New Criteria were greater by 2 times in boys and 1.5 times in girls than those by KCDC Criteria. We suggest that New Criteria could be a good alternative that can resolve problems caused by upward shift of BMI percentile curves of the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts.

Ozhirenie v detskom vozraste:vozmozhnosti primeneniya amerikanskogokonsensusa v rossiyskoy praktike

We have analyzed the opportunity to use in Russian practice An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline: Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Obesity. The document contains exact statements on diagnostic criteria of obesity and overweight, clarification of basic principles of investigation, detailed therapeutic recommendations, considerations on obesity prophylaxis problem. All recommendations are given according to the evidence database existing to the moment of guideline development. The guidelines are found to be comfortable to use by clinicians taking in consideration a few limitations. Clarifications in international pediatric percentile body mass index charts usage, nomenclature specifications, and pharmacotherapy with drugs non-approved for children are necessary.

Epidemic obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors, specifically, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and obesity, was described in the 1960s and 1970s.1,2 However, these studies did not emphasize possible etiologies for this clustering phenomenon. In the 1987 Banting lecture, Reaven3 described clustering of cardiovascular risk factors as syndrome X and suggested that insulin resistance may be the cause. Specifically, Dr Reaven argued that this syndrome might occur even in individuals who are not obese. Pouliot et al4 emphasized visceral obesity as a possible cause of the metabolic syndrome. Using factor analysis (a multivariate statistical technique that reduces a large number of intercorrelated variables to a smaller number of underlying independent variables), Meigs et al5 showed in the Framingham Study that hypertension constitutes a separate factor from hyperinsulinemia. Using a direct measure of insulin resistance, the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) came to a similar conclusion.6 These 2 reports5,6 suggest that insulin resistance may be the underlying cause of many, but perhaps not all, clusters of cardiovascular risk factors initially described in the 1960s and 1970s. Insulin resistance is a common feature of both type 2 diabetes and obesity. Because the prevalence of diabetes and obesity has risen dramatically between 1990 and 2000,7 the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors is likely to increase as well. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome are multifactorial diseases of considerable heterogeneity.8 However, whereas diagnostic criteria for obesity and for type 2 diabetes are clear cut, this is not the case for the metabolic syndrome. There have been a number of attempts to develop standardized criteria for the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed a definition in 1998 that stated that individuals need to show evidence of insulin resistance and at least 2 of 4 …

Estimates of the Prevalence of Obesity in Canadian Children

Childhood obesity is becoming a topic of great con cern due to the rising prevalence of this condition in North America. Studies conducted in the United States have indicated that the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically over the past few decades. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of obesity in Canadian children between the ages of 5 and 12 years by examining data from two national and two regional surveys The 85th percentiles of each of four anthropometric indices derived from large normative populations were used as diagnostic criteria for obesity. As expected, the resulting prevalences varied according to the criteria used. A significant increase in childhood obesity between the 1981 to 1988 national surveys was observed when the three indices which used skinfolds were applied Weight-for-height percentiles did not indicate an increase in obesity in these samples. Regional samples showed a less than expected prevalence of obesity among the middle-class children and a higher than expected rate among the inner city boys. It can be concluded that there is a need for a defined criteria for identifying obesity in children in order to avoid confusion resulting from the wide variation in estimates of prevalence resulting from different standards and measurements. Using adiposity-based criteria for obesity it was clearly evident that the prevalence of obesity has increased in Canadian children.

Obesity in childhood.

It is estimated that as many as 25% of children and 30% of adults in the United States are obese. Clinicians need little reminding of the intractable nature of this disorder and the need for more effective and long-lasting therapies, Obesity in childhood may lay the foundation of the degenerative cardiovascular diseases that may or may not be grossly evident until adulthood. Obese children manifest many of the same disturbances (eg, hyperinsulism, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) as obese adults. Tracking studies of obesity, hypertension, and serum lipid values from childhood to adulthood have indicated that these variables track well, ie, that the obese, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic child is likely to remain obese, hypertensive, and hyperlipidemic throughout many years. The observation that hyperlipidemia, obesity, and other factors associated with an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease that are noted in childhood tend to persist into adulthood emphasizes the importance of screening in selected children to identify those at risk for subsequent morbidity. Pediatricians should recognize obesity as a significant disease entity with both immediate and long-term consequences. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR OBESITY IN CHILDREN Obesity is a maladaptive increase in the amount of energy stored as fat. Optimal body fat stores for a given individual depend upon factors such as age, intercurrent health, genotype, and environment.

Obesity in Childhood

It is estimated that as many as 25% of children and 30% of adults in the United States are obese. Clinicians need little reminding of the intractable nature of this disorder and the need for more effective and long-lasting therapies, Obesity in childhood may lay the foundation of the degenerative cardiovascular diseases that may or may not be grossly evident until adulthood. Obese children manifest many of the same disturbances (eg, hyperinsulism, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) as obese adults. Tracking studies of obesity, hypertension, and serum lipid values from childhood to adulthood have indicated that these variables track well, ie, that the obese, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic child is likely to remain obese, hypertensive, and hyperlipidemic throughout many years. The observation that hyperlipidemia, obesity, and other factors associated with an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease that are noted in childhood tend to persist into adulthood emphasizes the importance of screening in selected children to identify those at risk for subsequent morbidity. Pediatricians should recognize obesity as a significant disease entity with both immediate and long-term consequences. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR OBESITY IN CHILDREN Obesity is a maladaptive increase in the amount of energy stored as fat. "Optimal" body fat stores for a given individual depend upon factors such as age, intercurrent health, genotype, and environment.

Obesity in Children-Reply

<i>In Reply</i>.—We demonstrated that the prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity increased by over 40% between 1965 and 1980. We defined obesity as a triceps skin-fold thickness equal to or greater than the 85th percentile for children and adolescents of the same age and sex studied during the National Health Examination Surveys Cycles 2 and 3. Dr Kashani, in his letter, and Dr Barness, in his editorial, commented on the validity of our diagnostic criteria for obesity. Furthermore, Dr Barness disparaged our use of the "pejorative term<i>obese</i>... for normal children." We agree that the definition of obesity is crucial. In contrast to the use of<i>obesity</i>as a pejorative term by the general public, nutritional scientists have always relied on a dichotomous, statistically derived, and somewhat arbitrary definition of obesity.^1-3An individual either is or is not obese, based on whether they are in the fattest 15% of the population,