Diagnosis Of Anemia In Patients Research Articles

NOVEL IRON BIOMARKERS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

CKD is one of the fastest growing causes of death in the world and in 2040, it is estimated that it will be in the top five causes of death. In order to slow down this process, it is necessary to improve prevention, inhibit development and treat complications including anemia. Anemia is one of the common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is a significant clinical problem. It is most often the result of decreased renal production of erythropoietin and / or iron deficiency. Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common problems in CKD that increases mortality. In order to successfully treat anemia in CKD with erythropoiesis-stimulating agentsand (ESA) and iron substitution, it is necessary to determine iron iron level. The diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in patients with CKD is complicated due to the relatively low predictive ability of routine serum iron markers (e.g., ferritin and transferrin saturation) and more invasive measurements such as bone marrow iron stores. In the review novel biomarkers of iron metabolism are discussed such as hypoxia-inducible factor, erythroferon, growth differentiation factor 15 etc. with their possible clinical relevance.

Features of diagnosis of anemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Anemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requires differential diagnosis in order to verify their cause and the purpose of adequate treatment. The purpose of our work was to study the specialty of diagnosis of anemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. During the study, all patients were evaluated for erythrocyte indexes, color index of blood, serum iron, ferritin and soluble transferrin receptors. The analysis of the obtained results were performed by using SPSS-21 software using ANOVA analysis with Fischer test and Bonferroni correction, p<0,05 was considered statistically significant. As a result, it was found that in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with anemia of chronic disease, the content of serum iron and soluble transferrin receptors is within the reference values at the same time with high ferritin content, this anemia was normocytic and normochromic, and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with iron deficiency anemia, the content of serum iron and ferritin is low, and the content of soluble transferrin receptors is elevated, this anemia was microcytic and hypochromic. Thus, in order to verify the type of anemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, it is necessary to determine the content of erythrocyte indexes, color index of blood, serum iron, ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptors, in further research it can be used to determine an adequate treatment regimen for these patients.

Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in chronic heart failure

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence, clinical correlates and the effects on outcome of vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in patients with chronic heart failure (HF).MethodsWe studied an international pooled cohort...

Differential Diagnosis of Anemia in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objectives: This study aims to identify laboratory markers which can be used to distinguish between the different types of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Diagnosis of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease

Citacao: Ribeiro-Alves MA, Gordan PA. 1. Diagnostico de anemia em pacientes portadores de doenca renal cronica. Braz. J. Nephrol. (J. Bras. Nefrol.) 36(1 Suppl 1):9. doi:10.5935/0101-2800.2014S003 Recebido: Agosto 23 2013; Aceito: Janeiro 10 2014 RECOMENDACAO 1.1 O diagnostico de anemia em pacientes adultos (acima de 18 anos) com doenca renal cronica (DRC), independentemente do estagio da doenca, deverao obedecer aos criterios diagnosticos recomendados para a populacao geral (Evidencia B). Homens: nivel de hemoglobina menor que 13,0 g/dL; Mulheres e homens acima de 65 anos: [...]

Differential diagnosis of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: To estimate the differential signs of different types of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Fifty-seven anemic patients who fulfilled ARA criteria for RA and WHO criteria for anemia were included in this study. We evaluated hematocrit, color index, mean erythrocyte volume, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, erythropoietin and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) in these patients. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) was defined as serum ferritin <15ng/ml, anemia of chronic disease (ACD) was defined in other cases.

Сегментация потенциальных потребителей лекарственных препаратов железа на основе данных о распространенности железодефицитной анемии

INTRODUCTION. According to WHO 3.6 billion of people on the planet have latent iron deficiency and another 1.8 billion of people suffer from iron deficiency anemia (IDA). According to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine information the prevalence and the incidence of iron deficiency anemia is 1163.9 and 404.5 per 100 000 persons, respectively. However, this information is only clinically confirmed cases of IDA. The largest share in the structure of morbidity has the latent iron deficiency, which is characterized by less prominent clinical manifestations. Treatment of IDA aimed not only at addressing anemia as a symptom, but also at the elimination of iron deficiency and replenishment of its reserves in the organism, which can be achieved by taking ferric drugs. Today ferric drugs market is characterized by high leveled competition, stable demand and a wide range of products. Therefore, an important issue in the study of the market is to find the best ways to determining its potential capacity to expand the marketing potential and to provide iron supplementation as many consumers who need treatment and prevention of iron deficiency. GOAL OF THE STUDY. the segmentation of the population that needs treatment and prevention of iron deficiency on the basis of the etiological factors that cause development of anemia, based on official statistics on morbidity. MATERIALS AND METODS. According to the standard classification of the iron deficiency we have identified four main groups of etiological factors that lead to the development of IDA: bleeding, iron malabsorption, increased body's need for iron, as well as complicated genesis factors. In order to determine the total number of individual segments we have analyzed the reports of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, Health Statistics Centre of Ministry of Health of Ukraine, as well as electronic database of medical statistics “Health for All”. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. According to the estimates, the total set of potential users of iron supplements was 18,145,268 people, nearly 53% of who were attributed to a group of people who should get therapy, and the other 47% – preventive care. Major consumer segment were children under 18 years old (13.36% in the medical group and 31.17% in preventive group), patients with chronic kidney disease (30.40%), potential customers who have had operating bleeding (10.56%), cancer patients (3.98%), as well as patients with obstetric bleeding (3.57%). The data is much higher than the official information of the prevalence of IDA among the population of Ukraine, which is associated with the severity of the diagnosis of anemia in patients of different age and gender categories, as well as with various pathological conditions. Also the number of people with low incomes need to be determined, because for this category only low-priced drugs can be available, that can significantly affect subsequent calculations of the potential market capacity of ferric drugs, especially in terms of money. CONCLUSION. These data suggest a rather large potential market volume of ferric preparations. In this regard, the main future prospects is study iron supplements consumption, finding the most suitable drugs for the iron deficiency treatment in different segments by interviewing doctors for further calculations of potential capasity and potential market of antianemic drugs.

Abnormalities of the Small Intestine Detected by Capsule Endoscopy in Hemodialysis Patients

Many patients on hemodialysis for chronic renal failure suffer from progressive anemia. In hemodialysis patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopic examination often fails to identify hemorrhagic lesions. We surveyed hemodialysis patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) for the presence of intestinal lesions by capsule endoscopy (CE). Among 90 patients who underwent CE, 13 had hemodialysis-related anemia (8 men and 5 women, age 66.5 ± 7.9 years, Hb 8.8 ± 1.9 g/dL, mean ± SD) and 77 had non-hemodialysis anemia (47 men and 30 women, age 55.7 ± 19.9 years, Hb of 11.9 ± 3.1 g/dL). The types and distribution of hemorrhagic lesions were investigated by CE. All patients had signs or symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding but no active bleeding site was detected by endoscopy. The CE-observed lesions were classified into reddening, erosions/ulcers, vascular lesions, and tumors. The characteristic features of each lesion and patient demographic data were compared. Vascular lesions were significantly more frequent in the hemodialysis group than in the controls (p<0.001). Reddening was observed in all patients of the hemodialysis group and mainly found in the ileum. Erosions/ulcers were observed in 4 patients (30.7%) and were more frequent in the jejunum. Vascular lesions were observed in 8 patients (61.5%) and they were more frequent in the ileum. A submucosal tumor was seen in one patient. There were no significant differences in demographic factors between patients with erosions/ulcers and those with a vascular lesion. Vascular lesions are common in anemic hemodialysis patients with OGIB and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of anemia in patients on hemodialysis with OGIB.

Mild enteropathy as a cause of iron-deficiency anaemia of previously unknown origin

Background and aims We assessed whether mild enteropathy with negative coeliac serology may be gluten-dependent, and a cause of iron-deficiency anaemia. In cases not responding to gluten-free diet, the role of Helicobacter pylori infection was evaluated. Methods 55 consecutive unexplained iron-deficiency anaemia patients were included. In all of them we performed: HLA-DQ2/DQ8 coeliac genetic study, distal duodenum biopsies, and tests to assess H. pylori infection. A gluten-free diet or H. pylori eradication was used as indicated. Final diagnosis was established based on response to specific therapy after a 12-month follow-up period. Results Histological findings were: (1) group A (positive genetics): 21 Marsh I, 2 Marsh IIIA, 12 normal; (2) group B (negative genetics): 16 Marsh I, 4 normal. Final diagnosis of anaemia in patients with enteropathy were: group A, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, 45%; H. pylori infection, 20%; gluten-sensitive enteropathy plus H. pylori, 10%; other, 10%; unknown, 15%; group B, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, 10%; H. pylori infection, 0% (1 non-eradicated case, 10%); non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug intake, 20%; other, 20%; unknown, 40% ( p = 0.033). Conclusions Mild enteropathy is frequent in patients with unexplained iron-deficiency anaemia and negative coeliac serology. Most cases are secondary to either gluten-sensitive enteropathy or H. pylori infection, or both; however, there is also a substantial number of patients without a definitive diagnosis.

Role of serum ferritin in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in patients with liver cirrhosis

Role of serum ferritin in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in patients with liver cirrhosis

Pancytopenia Caused by Unsuspected Pernicious Anemia Complicating Sickle Cell β-Thalassemia

We have described a a 23-year-old black woman with sickle cell beta-thalassemia who had a urinary tract infection and who was incidentally found to be pancytopenic. Although her anemia was categorized as "normocytic, normochromic" by an electronic particle counter, evaluation of the pancytopenia confirmed unsuspected pernicious anemia. Greater vigilance and a higher index of suspicion are crucial for early diagnosis of pernicious anemia in patients with other known hemoglobinopathies.