Diabetic Adult Male Rats Research Articles

Nutrient and Hypoglycemic Effect of Carica papaya Seed Flour on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Adult Male Wistar Rat

Nutrient and Hypoglycemic Effect of Carica papaya Seed Flour on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Adult Male Wistar Rat

The impact of early-life exercise on CREB-signaling pathway and hippocampus neuroplasticity in diabetic adult male rats; the study of developmental model

ABSTRACT Background Childhood exercise enhances brain structure, while diabetes detrimentally affects it. This study examines early-life exercise’s influence on adult diabetic rats’ memory and neuroplasticity. Methods Male Wistar pups were divided into Control, Diabetes, Exercise Training, and Diabetes exercise groups. Diabetes was induced on day 23 with Alloxan (200 mg/kg). A 3-week regimen included aerobic and resistance training thrice weekly. The aerobic intensity was 70%, and resistance varied from 50% to 100% of the maximal carrying capacity (MCC). Following the last training sessions, spatial memory and retrieval tests were performed in infancy, childhood, and emerging adulthood using the Morris Water Maze test (MWM). The hippocampus was excised to measure protein and gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMKII), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR), and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) by western blotting and reverse transcription–polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. Blood samples were collected during each developmental stage to measure glucose levels, at the study’s conclusion, to assess Interleukin-1β levels using the ELISA method. The Nissel staining assessed dead hippocampal cells in CA1. Results Post-natal exercise improved spatial memory (p < 0.05) and glucose levels (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats during adolescence and emerging adulthood. Despite reduced mRNA expression (NMDAR 40%, BDNF 62%, CREB 43%, CAMKII 66%), diabetic rats, by study end, showed increased BDNF, NMDARR, CAMKII, CREB protein/gene expression (p < 0.05) in emerging adulthood for both training groups. Conclusion Early-life exercise influenced hippocampal BDNF/NMDAR-CAMKII/CREB pathways in a diabetic rat model, highlighting post-natal exercise’s role in neuroplasticity memory enhancement and improved glucose level.

Paris polyphylla Sm. characterized extract infused ointment accelerates diabetic wound healing in In-vivo model

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe dried rhizome of Paris polyphylla Sm. is extensively used by traditional healers in India, China, and Vietnam to treat skin inflammation, cut wounds, uterine and traumatic bleeding, and cancer. Aim of the studyThe traditional use of P. polyphylla rhizomes for treating wounds and bleeding has been reported previously. However, the potential of P. polyphylla in the treatment of diabetic wounds has not yet been explored. Our present study focused on the investigation of the wound-healing activity of P. polyphylla infused ointment in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats to validate the traditional claim. Materials and methodsHydroalcoholic extract of the dried rhizomes of P. polyphylla were quantified by validated and optimized HPTLC (High-performance thin layer chromatography) method for Paris saponin VII, Dioscin and Polyphyllin V. The extract was used to prepare P. polyphylla ointments (5 and 10%). P. polyphylla ointment was subjected to physiochemical analysis and skin irritation test. Thirty STZ-induced diabetic adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups (n = 6) and a circular excision wound was created. P. polyphylla ointment, ointment base (OB), and standard (STD) (Povidone Iodine 10%) were administered topically. The wound area of all groups were recorded every six days and compared with that of control. The epithelization period of each group was recorded. On day 18, the histopathological study of skin tissues of all groups was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Mallory's trichrome (MT). ResultsMarker analysis and quantification of phytomolecules in hydroalcoholic extract ofP. Polyphylla were found to be of paris saponin VII (3.28 ± 0.08% w/w), dioscin (1.94 ± 0.12% w/w), and polyphyllin V (1.87 ± 0.84% w/w). A physiochemical study of P. polyphylla ointment showed that the prepared ointment was within an acceptable range and was not irritable to the skin. Daily topical administration of 10% P. polyphylla ointment (PP10) for 18 days completely healed the STZ-induced diabetic wounds. On day 18, the 5% P. polyphylla ointment (PP5) showed 99.1 ± 2.9% wound closure, while that of the standard and control was 78.4 ± 7.3% and 18.5 ± 5.9%, respectively. The epithelialization period of PP10 was 18 days, whereas that of the control was 28 days. Histopathological analysis of the progression of PP10 and PP5 wounds showed a decrease in inflammatory cells, regenerated epithelial layer, keratosis layer, hair follicles, fibroblasts, and collagen. Upon collagen intensity quantification of MT stained sections, an increase in collagen density of PP10 and PP5 treated groups was observed, showing accelerated wound healing potential of P. polyphylla extract in diabetic wounds compared to the standard ointment. ConclusionThis study suggested the potential of P. polyphylla rhizomes derived formulation to treat diabetic wounds, although the plant is traditionally used to treat normal wounds. The results indicate the validation of traditional claim, which has been explored commercially in industrial aspect.

Possible Effects of Dinitrophenol and Caffeine on Diabetic Adult Male Albino Rat

Possible Effects of Dinitrophenol and Caffeine on Diabetic Adult Male Albino Rat

Effect of β-Caryophyllene on oxidative stress, glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscle of high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic adult male rats.

Skeletal muscle is where the majority of insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose elimination takes place under normal circumstances. A significant risk factor for metabolic diseases is high dietary fat consumption, which also increases stored fat mass. Natural solutions with anti-diabetic effectiveness and fewer side effects are becoming more popular as a result of the conventional pharmacological treatments' numerous negative side effects and high rates of secondary failure. Cannabis and a variety of culinary herbs and spices may include the naturally occurring sequiterpene β-caryophyllene. Among other things, it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lipidemic properties. However, it is not yet known how β-caryophyllene affects the uptake and oxidation of glucose. Determining if β -caryophyllene has anti-diabetic properties in type-2 diabetes brought on by a high-fat diet was the objective of the current investigation. A sufficient dose of β-caryophyllene (200 mg/kg b.w.t., orally for 30 days) was given to type-2 diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet and given fructose as an inducer of diabetes to assess its anti-diabetic activity. The treatment of diabetes-induced rats with β -Caryophyllene restored the altered levels of blood glucose, serum insulin as well as the lipid parameters, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes. Our findings show that β-caryophyllene improves glycemia control by enhancing glucose absorption and oxidation in the skeletal muscle of type-2 diabetic rats. From the present findings, it is evident that β -caryophyllene can be used as an anti-diabetic drug.

Assessment of Effects of Rosemary Essential Oil on the Kidney Pathology of Diabetic Adult Male Albino Rats.

Background Diabetic nephropathy is a severe condition that causes persistent kidney problems and chronic renal failure. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) is widely recognized for its antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. The current study evaluated rosemary essential oil (REO)effects on biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical kidney alterations in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and compared these effects with those of insulin and both combined. Methods We randomly distributed 36 adult albino rats into 6 groups: normal control (non-diabetic), diabetic (streptozotocin, 55 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), diabetic insulin-treated (Lantus insulin 2 units/day, SC), diabetic REO-treated (REO, 10 ml, nasogastric gavage), and diabetic insulin & REO-treated groups. Biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted. Results The diabetic group revealed a substantial increase in blood glucose, urea, creatinine, and uric acid, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) concentrations in kidney homogenates, high score of tubular injury, and increased glomerulosclerosis, along with marked reduction of total glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) when compared to control. Evident improvement was detected in rats treated with REO as it demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, pro-proliferative, and mild anti-hyperglycemic effects on diabetic rats, reducing the kidney damage caused by diabetes. Combined insulin and REO restored normal blood glucose, renal excretory function tests, antioxidant markers, and renal cortex histology. Conclusion The data presented in the current study's in vivo animal model suggests that REO supplementation has beneficial nephroprotective effects on the structural and, to a lesser extent, functional levels of diabetic rats. Furthermore, the detected nephroprotective effects of insulin and REO combined are superior to those of either administered alone. However, further studies are needed to evaluate these conclusions in humans further.

Evaluation of Arabian Camels Milk’s Ability in Ameliorating Glucose Homeostasis in STZ-induced Diabetes in Adult Male Rats

Evaluation of Arabian Camels Milk’s Ability in Ameliorating Glucose Homeostasis in STZ-induced Diabetes in Adult Male Rats

Hypolipidemic effect of β-caryophyllene in high fat diet and fructose induced type-2 diabetic adult male rats.

Skeletal muscle is responsible for the majority of insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose elimination, under normal circumstances. High dietary fat consumption increases stored fat mass and is a major risk factor for metabolic disorders. The conventional pharmacological treatments are associated with many adverse side effects and high rates of secondary failure which lead to an increasing demand for natural products with anti-diabetic activity and lesser side effects. β-Caryophyllene is a naturally occurring sequiterpene that may be found in cannabis and a range of culinary herbs and spices. It contains antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lipidemic effects, among others. However, the effect of β-Caryophyllene on glucose absorption and oxidation, is yet unknown. Hence, the current study was intended to investigate the anti-diabetic impact of β-Caryophyllene in type-2 diabetes caused by a high-fat diet. To evaluate its anti-diabetic efficacy, high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats were administered an effective dosage of β-Caryophyllene (200 mg/kg b.wt, orally for 30 days). The treatment of diabetes-induced rats with β-Caryophyllene restored the altered levels of blood glucose, serum insulin as well as lipid parameters. Our findings show that β-caryophyllene improves glycemia control by alleviating dyslipidemia in type-2 diabetic rats. From the present findings, it is evident that β-caryophyllene can be used as an anti-diabetic drug.

Role of Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Stem Cells versus Nigella Sativa Oil on Jejunal Alterations in Diabetic Adult Male Albino Rats

Role of Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Stem Cells versus Nigella Sativa Oil on Jejunal Alterations in Diabetic Adult Male Albino Rats

Weight reduction in diabetic adult male wistar rats model using aqueous and ethanolic extract of Zingeber officinale and Allium sativum

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)

Irisin pathways in hearts of Type 1 diabetic adult male rats following 6 weeks of moderate and high-volume aerobic exercise on a treadmill

Irisin pathways in hearts of Type 1 diabetic adult male rats following 6 weeks of moderate and high-volume aerobic exercise on a treadmill

Comparative Assessment of Portulaca oleracea, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Combination of Selenium Plus Vitamin E on Histopathology of Pancreas in Diabetic Rats

Introduction: Antidiabetic effects of Portulaca oleracea (PO) plant, omega-3 and a combination of Selenium and Vitamin E have been reported which could compensate for defective insulin release and enhance antioxidant levels. The purpose of the present study was to compare the serum glucose levels and histopathological effects on PO, Omega-3, and a combination of Selenium and Vitamin E in the pancreas of adult male diabetic rats.&#x0D; Materials and methods: A total of 96 adult male Wistar rats, weighing approximately 220 g were used. The rats were divided into four groups with 4 replicates for each group accidentally. The rats were diabetic via a single injection of streptozotocin solution (60 mg/kg, IP injection). The groups contained the control group of diabetic rats, which received the standard ration daily, the second group of diabetic rats was fed the standard ration plus Portulaca oleracea extract (1.5 mg/kg/day/orally), the third group of diabetic rats was fed standard ration plus omega 3 (500 mg/kg/day/orally), the fourth group of diabetic rats was fed standard ration plus Vitamin E (400 iu/kg/day/orally) and Selenium (0.5 mg/kg/day/orally) for a period of 14 days. At the end of the study, the samples were taken for histopathological investigation of the pancreas and serum glucose levels. The mean diameter of pancreatic islets and percentage of beta and alpha cells were calculated in all groups.&#x0D; Results: The percentage of alpha cells in the treatment groups was higher than in the control group. The percentage of beta cells in the third group was higher than in the fourth group and control group. The mean diameter of pancreatic islets in omega-3-treated rats was higher than in other groups. The insulin level increased in treated rats in comparison with the rats that were not treated significantly.&#x0D; Conclusion: Diabetic male rats treated with omega-3 showed more positive effects on pancreatic islets and blood glucose compared to other treatment groups.

Histological study on the effect of insulin and platelet-rich plasma on skin wounds induced in diabetic adult male albino rats

Histological study on the effect of insulin and platelet-rich plasma on skin wounds induced in diabetic adult male albino rats

Effect of serum adropin level and cinnamon water extract on normal and alloxan-induced diabetic adult male albino rats

Background: Adropin is a peptide first identified in 2008 in liver and brain tissues. It serves to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism and to maintain insulin sensitivity. It was found to be decreased in many disorders including diabetes mellitus (DM), atherosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy and many other diseases. Cinnamon tends to improve the serum glucose and lipid levels in diabetic subjects which may help in controlling DM and its disabling complications. Objective: To study the effect of serum adropin levels and cinnamon water extract on normal and alloxan-induced diabetic adult male albino rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight adult male albino rats of a local strain were used as an animal model for this study. They were divided into 4 equal groups; group 1 (control), group 2 (non-diabetic cinnamon-treated), group 3 (diabetic non treated), and group 4 (diabetic cinnamon-treated). After 4 weeks, blood samples were collected and serum was separated for the measurement of adropin level (by ELISA). Fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1C, cholesterol, LDL, HDL and TAGs were also measured. Collected Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and the difference between studied groups was considered significant when P ≤ 0.05. Results: This study showed that there was a significant increase in serum adropin level in alloxan induced diabetic rats when compared with the normal rats. Also, the increase in serum adropin level showed a significant positive correlation with HbA1C, cholesterol, LDL and TAGs and a significant negative correlation with HDL. On the other hand, treatment with cinnamon showed a significant improvement of FBS, HbA1C and lipid profile and this was associated with reduction in serum adropin level. Conclusion: The increase in serum adropin level in alloxan-induced diabetes is compensatory as it increases insulin sensitivity and ameliorates diabetic associated metabolic derangements and, in the future, it may be one of the members of diabetic medications.

A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF MUSCULAR EXERCISE WITH CINNAMON EXTRACT AND/OR FLAXSEEDS EXTRACT ON DIABETIC ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine disorders. Muscular exercise possesses antioxidant property and can be a candidate in the treatment and prevention of diabetes complications. Cinnamon is a plant which displays antioxidant and glucose lowering effects. Flaxseeds are a promising alternative to reduce the risk of diseases associated with increased body weight as diabetes mellitus. Objective: To study the effect of muscular exercise with cinnamon extract and/or flaxseeds extract on diabetic adult male albino rats. Materials and Method: The present study was conducted on 72 adult male albino rats of a local strain divided into 9 equal groups: Group I: Control received distilled water only. Group II: Treated with flaxseeds extract (400 mg/kg orally). Group III: Treated with cinnamon extract (200 mg/kg orally). Group IV: Control practiced swimming program. Group V: Diabetic control rats. Group VI: Diabetic rats practiced swimming program. Group VII: Diabetic practiced swimming program and received flaxseeds extract. Group VIII: Diabetic practiced swimming program and received cinnamon extract. Group IX: Diabetic practiced swimming program and received both flaxseeds and cinnamon extract. Rats submitted to swimming program, received flaxseeds and cinnamon extracts after induction of diabetes according to the study groups, and submitted to body weight and food consumption assessment. At the end of the study, fasting plasma glucose level, blood insulin level, HbA1c, lipid profile, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results: In diabetic rat’s submitted to swimming and received flaxseeds and cinnamon extracts, body weight relative to food consumption decreased. Fasting plasma glucose level and blood insulin level improved. No change in HBA1c. Lipid profile improved, reduced glutathione (GSH) increased in flaxseeds and cinnamon diabetic groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in swimmed, flaxseeds and cinnamon diabetic groups. Histo-pathological architecture improved. The effect of combination of swimming, flaxseeds and cinnamon improved all parameters. Conclusion: Exercise with receiving flaxseeds extract or cinnamon extract in adult male diabetic rats improve body weight, glucose and insulin level, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers and tissue pathology, and the combination was more potent than each one alone.

Alleviation of diabetic nephropathy by zinc oxide nanoparticles in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rats.

This study examines the effect of nanoparticles with zinc oxides (ZnONPs) on diabetic nephropathy, which is the primary cause of mortality for diabetic patients with end‐stage renal disease. Diabetes in adult male rats was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. ZnONPs were intraperitoneally administered to diabetic rats daily for 7 weeks. Diabetes was associated with increases in blood glucose level, 24‐h urinary albumin excretion rate, glomerular basement membrane thickness, renal oxidative stress markers, and renal mRNA or protein expression of transforming growth factor‐β1, fibronectin, collagen‐IV, tumour necrosis factor‐α and vascular endothelial growth factor‐A. Moreover, the expression of nephrin and podocin, and the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 were decreased in the diabetic group. These changes were not detected in the control group and were significantly prevented by ZnONP treatment. These results provide evidence that ZnONPs ameliorate the renal damage induced in a diabetic rat model of nephropathy through improving renal functionality; inhibiting renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and abnormal angiogenesis; and delaying the development of podocyte injury. The present findings may help design the clinical application of ZnONPs for protection against the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Hungry Rice-based Biscuits: Effects on Some Biochemical Indices of Alloxan- induced Diabetic Adult Male Wistar Rats

Background: High costs of hypoglycemic drugs and their side effects have caused an increase in demand for the production of low glycemic plant foods and snacks from locally available nutrient dense crops for diabetes management. Hungry rice is known for its high fiber content and hypoglycemic properties. Objectives: The study investigated the effect of Hungry rice-based biscuits on some biochemical indices of alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Methods: Four groups of six adult male Wistar rats each with a mean weight of 164.59 g were fasted overnight and induced diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight and fed biscuits containing hungry rice/unripe plantain/cashew nut (80:10:10%), hungry rice/unripe-plantain (80:20%), hungry rice/cashew nut (80:20%) or wheat (100%) and water ad libitum for 21 days. The non-induced rats fed poultry growers’ mash serve as the control. The rats’ body weight and food intake were evaluated while the lipid profile, liver enzyme markers, and serum protein were assayed. Results: Hungry rice-based biscuits showed decreases in fasting blood glucose, AST, ALT, ALP, TC, TG, and LDL-C and increases in HDL-C and total serum protein of rats. ALP and serum protein were more in rats fed Wheat biscuit and 80% hungry rice-20% unripe plantain biscuit. The biscuit containing 20% cashew nut showed a better desirable effect on all the parameters tested. Conclusion: The hungry rice-based-biscuits exhibited hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials with desirable effect on liver biomarkers and serum proteins; and may be good for diabetes and weight management.

Effect of Ginger and Cinnamon on Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Adult Male Albino Rats

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder. It is a pathological state leads to long term complications causing damage of different tissue and organs as heart and blood vessels. Ginger is one of the most important plants with several medicinal, nutritional and ethnomedical values. Cinnamon contains proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins [A, C, K, B3], Minerals like Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorous, Sodium and Zinc. Aim of the work: Evaluation the effects of ginger and cinnamon extracts administration on diabetic adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Seventy adult male albino rats of local strain were divided into equal seven groups as follow: Group I: served as control group received normal saline, Group II: high fat diet control group, Group III: high fat diet diabetic control group, Group IV: High fat diet, diabetic and metformin group, Group V: high fat diet, diabetic and ginger group, Group VI: high fat diet, diabetic and cinnamon group and Group VII: high fat diet, diabetic, ginger and cinnamon group. Results: Metformin, ginger and cinnamon administration to diabetic rats leads a significant decrease of blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin level, cholesterol, TG, LDL, atherosclerosis index, atherogenic index, MDa, TNF α and CRP levels associated with significant increase in serum insulin and catalase levels. Conclusion: Metformin, ginger and cinnamon have a protective effect against abnormalities in diabetic rats due to its antioxidant properties.

The nephroprotective effect of Eryngium caucasicum extract alone and in combination with metformin in adult male diabetic rats

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease associated with the disorders in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids that affect insulin action. Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Eryngium caucasicum (Eryngo) extract alone and in combination with metformin (MET) in adult male diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats randomly were designated into five groups (n = 6) including; group I (Control); rats received normal saline by gavage for 15 days. Group II; rats received a single injection of STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Group III; rats, after STZ injection, received 30 mg/kg of MET by gavage for 15 days. Group IV; rats, after STZ injection, received 30 ml/kg of Eryngo extract by gavage for 15 days. Group V; rats, after STZ injection, received the combination of MET and Eryngo extract at a dose of 30 mg/kg by gavage for 15 days. The kidneys were removed immediately after sacrificing and prepared for morphological examination. Kidney sections were examined for the intensity of kidney damage (vacuolization, flattening, degeneration, and necrosis). Results: Significant differences were observed in types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells between groups (P &lt; 0.05). Eryngo extract had more protective effect against kidney damage due to DM compared to MET and the combination of MET+Eryngo. Additionally, in pairwise comparisons of groups, the relationship between group II (DM group) and group IV (DM + Eryngo) was significant (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The administration of MET and Eryngo extract alone and their combination ameliorate types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells in diabetic rats, however, the renoprotective effect of Eryngo extract alone is more remarkable.

Comparative study of nephroprotective effects of resveratrol and silymarin in diabetic rats; an experimental histopathologic study

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is distinguished as a serious health problem worldwide. The universal outbreak of DM because of urban life and alteration of lifestyle, day to day is increasing. Objectives: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of resveratrol (RSV) and silymarin (SM) on morphologic injury to renal tubular cells in adult male diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats randomly were designated into five groups (n = 5) including group I (control); rats received normal saline by gavage for 14 days. Group II; rats received a single injection of STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally and were also given isotonic saline orally for 14 days. Group III; Rats, after STZ injection, received 100 mg/kg of SM by gavage for 14 days. Group IV; Rats, after STZ injection, received 100 ml/kg of RSV by gavage for 14 days. Group V; rats, after STZ injection, received the combination of SM and RSV at a dose of 100 mg/kg by gavage for 14 days. The kidneys were removed immediately after sacrificing and prepared for morphological examination. Kidney sections were examined for the intensity of kidney damage (vacuolization, flattening, degeneration and necrosis). Results: Significant differences were observed in types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells (vacuolization, flattening, degeneration and necrosis) between groups (P&lt;0.05). Significantly, both the SM and RSV reduced the injury of renal tubular cells in diabetic rats (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that although the protective effect of SM and RSV was more significant on necrosis and flattening, respectively, SM and RSV produced a nephroprotective impact on the injury of renal tubular cells in diabetic rats than their combination influences.