UV-induced transformations have been studied for 4(3H)-pyrimidinone monomers isolated in low-temperature Ar, Ne, n-D2, and n-H2 matrices. The observed photochemical behavior of the compound drastically depended on the solid matrix environment. For 4(3H)-pyrimidinone isolated in solid Ar, the UV-induced phototautomeric transformation was clearly the dominating process, leading to a nearly quantitative conversion of the oxo reactant into the hydroxy product. For solid Ne environment, the oxo → hydroxy transformation was still the major photoprocess, but yielding less of the hydroxy product (ca. 64% of the yield in solid Ar). For 4(3H)-pyrimidinone isolated in solid n-H2, the oxo → hydroxy phototautomeric conversion did not occur (or occurred at a very tiny scale). Also for deuterated 4(3D)-pyrimidinone isolated in solid hydrogen, the analogous oxo → deuteroxy phototransformation was not observed. Finally, for the compound trapped in solid n-D2, the oxo → hydroxy phototautomerism clearly occurred, but the yield of the hydroxy tautomer was small (ca. 18% of the yield in solid Ar). Apart from hydrogen-atom-transfer processes, two other phototransformations: generation of open-ring conjugated ketene and valence Dewar isomer were observed for the compound isolated in Ar, Ne, n-D2, and n-H2 matrices.