Development Of Translation Studies Research Articles

An Interpretation of the Paratexts of Three Kingdoms Translated by Moss Roberts

Paratext is an inseparable part of translation. It can reveal what the translated text cannot explain and is of great significance to translation studies. This article uses the English translation of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms by American Sinologist Moss Roberts as the research object, and attempts to interpret Roberts’ translation views and translation promotional factors through peritext, such as the cover, acknowledgments, annotations and postscripts, and epitext, such as interviews, reviews and other external paratexts. It is found that Roberts’ translation motivation of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is mainly to spread Chinese culture by literature. He always keeps readers in his heart and has a strong reader consciousness. Therefore, he mainly adopts domestication strategies and uses a lot of annotations to make the readers better understand the meaning and Chinese culture. Secondly, the author found that the translator’s own erudite and rigorous attitude, the cooperation of Chinese and foreign publishing houses, and the evaluation of well-known sinologists all promoted the spread and acceptance of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. This study interprets Roberts’ translation view and the promotional factors of the translation from the paratext, hoping to help comprehensively and objectively evaluate the value of Roberts’ translation, and at the same time promote the in-depth and development of translation studies from the perspective of the paratext.

The Translation Methods Used in the Subtitles of Dialogues in Maleficent Movie

The objectives of this research are to find out the translation methods used in the dialogues, to find out the method that often appears in the subtitles of Maleficent movies, and to describe the quality level of English to Indonesian subtitles in Maleficent's translation. The theory used to analyze the translation method is the theory of Gottlieb (1992). This research is classified into qualitative descriptive research. The research data is from dialogue subtitles in the Maleficent film. The data source is obtained from the film Maleficent—data collection techniques with documentation. At the same time, data analysis is done by collecting, classifying, calculating, dominating, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that translators use six methods. These methods are paraphrasing (16,1%) and transfer (39,5%). Imitation (8,0%), condensation (8,0%), decimation (0,6%), and deletion (27,8%). From these results, it can be concluded that the translation method that translators dominantly use is the transfer method. Besides, subsequent research can provide knowledge that can be useful for readers and can be the next related research that will be reviewed. Further research is also needed to keep up with the development of translation studies.

The ‘Translated’ Cityscape: A Study of Select Satyajit Ray Films

The present paper attempts to examine the ‘translated’ nature of the cityscapes in Satyajit Ray’s films. With a select reading of films like ‘Mahanagar’ (lit. The Big City, 1963) and ‘Pratidwandi’ (The Adversary also called Siddhartha and the City, 1970), I argue for the ways in which the city becomes a space of contestation, debate, negotiation and translation between clashing ideologies of the old and the new, the rural and the urban, the ancient and the modern. Ray’s films have been studied from several perspectives, in terms of thematic, stylistic and ideological development. However, it seems to me that the city and its ‘translational’ aspect have not received enough attention. The present paper proposes to understand the role the city plays in Ray’s cinema. As an avant garde film maker, Ray’s cinema is replete with moments of conflicting ideologies, transitions and crossovers. It seems to me that the city provides the base for several such negotiations and intersections in Ray. Using certain recent developments in Translation Studies, I propose to read episodes in select Ray films as indicative of a larger ideological and cultural shift necessitated and made possible by/in the new space of the city. As a translating and translated space, the city’s agency enables other changes and transformations which would not have been possible in the absence of this primary actor – the city. The present paper is an attempt to look at several such moments of intersections and translations that Ray’s films make available to us. 1 An earlier version of this article was presented at the17th International MELOW Conference on ‘Space, Place and Language in Literatures of the World’, Dharamshala, 9-11th, March, 2018. I am grateful to the questions and discussion from the audience and conference participants which helped me rethink some ideas presented here.

The Contribution and Controversy of Feminist Translation

The essay first summarizes the historical development of feminism and evaluates the relationship between feminism and translation. To illustrate the nature of feminist translation, it elaborates the general ideologies and specific strategies of feminist translation. The contributions and the controversies of feminist translation are also provided in order to help people better understand its impact on both feminist movements and the development of translation studies. Eventually, by evaluating the controversies and giving correspondent suggestions, the author also aims to help feminist translation's future development.

Посредничество при межкультурной коммуникации: «Необходимое зло» или нормальное явление?

Among the factors that have a decisive impact on the processes of intercultural communication, an important role belongs to translation. At the same time, in many cases, direct transmission from the original is absent or difficult, as a result of which there is a need for one or another kind of interlingual mediation. The purpose of our article is to consider one of the ways of such mediation — the so-called “second-hand translation” and those situations in which its use is the only possible. Examples of such translation, significant for the national culture, are considered, a detailed classification of the varieties of translation through an intermediary language is proposed. It is concluded that the traditional attitude towards them as a deliberately inferior kind of cultural interaction in some cases simplifies the real state of things. The study uses the method of philological analysis. The results of the work can be used in the further development of translation studies, as well as in teaching courses in translation theory and intercultural communication in higher education.

Перевод идеологии в свете функционально-коммуникативного подхода

The current stage in the development of translation studies is characterized by the refusal to describe the translation process only as a method of interlingual transformation. More and more researchers consider it within the framework of interlingual and intercultural communication, where the purpose of the translated text and its communicative function are of decisive importance. Translation began to be perceived not only as a clash of languages, but also as a clash of cultures, in which ideology plays a significant role. The authors of the article propose their own working definition. By considering situations in which the ideological aspect affects the translator's work, the authors aim at helping translators evaluate whether ideological recontextualization may be desirable while dealing with discrepancies in ideological contexts between the author, readers of the source text, and the target audience of the transmitted content. The article includes instructions on how to identify problematic ideological elements, what parameters to take into account in order to see properly the differences between just culture and cultural elements with ideological overtones.

A scientometric review of research in Translation Studies in the twenty-first century

Abstract The field of Translation Studies has expanded rapidly in the twenty-first century, largely due to the growing demand for translation and interpreting professionals. This study provides a scientometric review of Translation Studies to identify its developmental trends and patterns over the past two decades. Document co-citation analysis was conducted on 6007 journal articles published in the fifteen translation studies journals indexed in the Web of Science between January 2001 and December 2020. Twelve document co-citation analysis networks were generated and compared. Quantitative analyses, including temporal and structural metrics, confirmed the robustness and reliability of a network comprising ten discrete research clusters. A timeline view was generated to visualize how these clusters have evolved over time. Ten clusters were identified as major research subdomains in Translation Studies, namely translation competence, translation in conflict zones, translator training, collaborative translation, translation and society, language policy, post-editing and revision, media translation, the translation profession, and web localization. In addition, burst detection analysis identified the twenty most influential publications in this sample. Based on these findings, we discuss how the observed trends in each cluster contribute to further developments in Translation Studies. The implications for teaching, research, and theory are discussed and some methodological guidelines are proposed for future research.

Source-orientation vs. target-orientation as conceptualized in metaphors for translation and the translator

ABSTRACT This article focuses on some conceptual metaphors and their linguistic manifestations used to refer to perhaps the most famous dichotomy in Translation Studies: that between source-oriented and target-oriented translation. The metaphors are cited from Translation Studies books and articles, from a collection of quotes on translation as well as from non-academic online material. I analyze them in order to highlight in what way they reflect the relationship between the source text and the target text, the role of the translator in establishing this relationship, and the translator’s status associated with this role. The conclusion of this analysis suggests that, though the contribution of metaphors to the understanding of these three matters is unquestionable, further investigation on the topic would be welcome in order to reveal both the multitude of angles the metaphors may still be approached from and their more recent developments in Translation Studies.

The stage of development of translation studies in iran

The stage of development of translation studies in iran

Shared culture?

Ever since the “cultural turn” in Translation Studies it has been commonplace to state that translation is an act ofculturalmediation. However, the concept of culture as such has remained elusive. A number of questions remain unanswered: How can we define a culture? What kind of empirical evidence is needed to prove the existence of a particular culture? Looking for answers, I start with a personal note, with my own previous attempt at conceptualizing translators’ work in the European Commission by defining the EU institutions as a (multilingual and institutional) culture of its own. Responses to this model convey varying views of the concept of culture. By analyzing and contextualizing these responses it is my aim to provide some answers to the question of what kind of a construction culture is. The results of the analysis are then used to reflect on recent developments in Translation Studies.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSLATION STUDIES IN UZBEKISTAN

The language of every nation is the most unique and perfect treasure in its historical development. Language reflects the destiny of the people, their way of life and their spiritual wealth. Language is a unique and never-fading mirror of the nation's spirit. In every language, the level and psyche of the nation that speaks this language is vividly expressed. For this reason, every nation is constantly concerned about the purity, perfection and development of the native language. In this article, we shall discuss the translation as an art and the history and development of translation studies in our country.

National Research Funding for Sustainable Growth in Translation Studies as an Academic Discipline in China

Global changes in both the current economic climate and political priorities have posed significant challenges concerning government spending on research, which undermines the survival and development of a number of academic disciplines, especially those in arts and humanities. This article reports on an inquiry that examines whether and how national research funding has supported the development of translation studies as an academic discipline in China, employing the example of the National Social Science Fund of China (NSSFC) subsidy, as allocated to the field of translation studies. Firstly, we accessed the NSSFC database for all programs featuring translation and translation studies between 2010 and 2019. Secondly, we coded, categorized, and processed the data in a quantitative manner. Our examination of the number of grants, research focuses, and frequently examined issues of these programs has led us to conclude the fact that NSSFC has facilitated the increase in translation studies as an academic discipline in China. Further investigation into the positive relationship between NSSFC funding policies and mechanism and the growth in academic translation studies has also identified the ways NSSFC boosts translation studies as an academic discipline in China: to promote and increase the market, interdisciplinary, and multimodal applicability of the research output. The findings also suggest that revisions may be needed to further refine the NSSFC mechanism so that translation studies will develop into a balanced, continuously innovative discipline.

ЕВРОПА ВА ЎЗБЕК ТАРЖИМАШУНОСЛИГИТАРАҚҚИЁТИ(1991-2019 ЙИЛЛАР)

This article is devoted to the study of history and development of translation studies and the analysis of published scientific works in Uzbekistan during the years of independence. The author also examines historical factors which impacted the development and formation of Translation studies as a science in Europe and Uzbekistan. The article addresses general views of Western and Uzbek scholars on such problems as the linguistic theory of translation, textual interpretation of translation, theoretical framework of literary translation, hermeneutics, communicative translation and main criteria of translation.

Advances Toward Precision Medicine in Juvenile Dermatomyositis.

We seek to provide a summary of the recent advances in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) that are moving the field toward precision care and personalized medicine for this uncommon condition. There has been a recent international focus on developing uniform classification, disease monitoring, and treatment for juvenile dermatomyositis. In addition, there has been a steady development of translational studies to determine the genetic determinants, transcriptomic profiles, and immune cell phenotypes in JDM. Recent work toward standardization of disease classification, monitoring, and assessments together with advances in science, technology, and computing will facilitate the advancement toward true precision and personalized medicine in juvenile dermatomyositis in the near future.

Translation

Abstract This article contributes to the developing recognition that the challenges raised by the enterprise of translating between languages extend beyond human language. It suggests that there are parallels between the political issues recognised by translation scholars – of exclusion, misrepresentation and speaking for ‘the other’ – and those raised by biosemiotics, the study of signs in all living systems. Following a discussion of convergence in current developments in translation studies, semiotics and human-animal studies, the article presents an analysis of empirical data, with specific reference to the different meanings of the verb hear. The findings demonstrate the anthropocentric assumptions that are embedded in the way hearing is routinely represented, and an argument is presented for the recognition of these in communications about the semiotic resources relevant to non-human life forms. The paper concludes with some reflections on the implications of these issues for the enterprise of translation.

A utilização do corpus de culinária da plataforma CoMET como base para elaboração de atividades lúdico-pedagógicas para o ensino de competências profissionais do tradutor

Com o crescente desenvolvimento dos Estudos da Tradução, principalmente aqueles voltados ao uso de corpora para a aquisição de competências indispensáveis à formação profissional, tornou-se clara a necessidade de se criar estratégias para que aprendizes aperfeiçoem seus saberes, em especial no tocante ao processo tradutório de linguagens de especialidade. Assim, partindo de tais premissas, procuramos elaborar atividades lúdico-pedagógicas que possam ser inseridas na disciplina Prática de Tradução I, presente nos anos iniciais das grades curriculares dos cursos de graduação brasileiros. Tais ações se pautam na utilização dos dados do subcorpus de culinária do Cortrad dentro Projeto CoMET na direção português ↔ inglês. Para tanto, nos pautamos na Linguística de Corpus (BAKER, 1995; BERBER SARDINHA, 2004; OLIVEIRA, 2009; O’KEEFFE; MCCARTHY, 2010; SERPA, ROCHA, 2016); nos Estudos da Tradução Baseados em Corpus (DAYRELL, 2015), além de investigações sobre Competências Tradutórias (PICCIONI; PORTRANDOLFO, 2017; SERPA, 2017) e sobre Educação Lúdica (LIBÂNEO, 2005; D’ÁVILA, 2007; ALMEIDA, 2016). Por conseguinte, elencamos três verbos e três substantivos de uso mais frequente e construímos duas diferentes propostas, a saber: Scrabble e Imagem e ação; com objetivo de explorar o ensino de competências por meio de dados de corpora.

Analysis of Philosophical Problems in Translation Studies

Translation studies are closely related to philosophical theories. Each translation research theory or paradigm has its philosophical basis and each philosophical theoretical trend will have different degrees of influence on the theoretical development of translation studies. From the research paradigm of translation theories, this paper selects general philosophical issues, such as the relationship between subject and object in translation, relativism and general rationalism in the study of translation theory, constructivism and deconstruction, and elaborates their relationships.

Analysis of Philosophical Problems in Translation Studies

Translation studies are closely related to philosophical theories. Each translation research theory or paradigm has its philosophical basis and each philosophical theoretical trend will have different degrees of influence on the theoretical development of translation studies. From the research paradigm of translation theories, this paper selects general philosophical issues, such as the relationship between subject and object in translation, relativism and general rationalism in the study of translation theory, constructivism and deconstruction, and elaborates their relationships.

Functionalist approach to teaching translating manuals in German to prospective translators

Introduction. The development of translation studies and methodology of teaching translation is characterised by shifting from textoriented to functional approach in prospective translators’ training. According to this approach translation is considered to provide successful communication aimed at achieving practical results by the participants of communication in different communicative situations. As the result translation trainers have recognized new pragmatic reasons and pay special attention to the situations the particular translation takes place at, investigating what makes certain translations more successful than others, and implement their findings into the methodology of teaching translation. Purpose. Firstly, to study the genre of Instruction Manual and Information Leaflets in both German and Ukrainian. Secondly, to present a sub-system of exercises for developing professional skills in translation Instruction Manuals and Information Leaflets from German into Ukrainian and vice versa. Results. For this purpose, the paper shows the way the functional approach can be applied to teaching translation specialized texts in German, emphasising the pragmatic equivalency and the linguistic features of the source and target texts. It considers the most important translation skills to be developed (text analysis, grammar and vocabulary, editing and proofreading skills). The set of exercises, which can be used for BA Translation Course, is provided. Conclusion. The set of exercises has been put into practice and proved the validity of the suggested methodology.

Rabbinic Traditions in Jerome's Translation of the Book of Numbers

Although the possibility of rabbinic traditions informing Jerome’s translation of the Bible “according to the Hebrews,” the so-called Vulgate, has long been acknowledged, identification of these traditions remains a desideratum. Such identification involves challenging but manageable source-critical issues. We now know more about Jerome’s more general methods from the works of Adam Kamesar, Hillel Newman, and Michael Graves. They indicate that Jerome’s grammatically informed recentiores-rabbinic philology provides a basis for incorporating unreferenced oral rabbinic traditions in his translation. In this article, I examine several texts from the book of Numbers that reflect Jerome’s practices, including his utilization of these Jewish traditions. In addition, I outline a method for securely determining rabbinic influences. Finally, the close textual analysis contributes to recent developments in translation studies and Hieronymian studies. Attention to the process of the translator offers a perspective that differs from a simple comparison between the source text and target text. Such a “thick” description of Vulgate Numbers shows how translation can create a bridge, not a wall, between Jews and Christians.