Development Towns In Israel Research Articles

Correction: The effect of social service elite groups on long-time residents in peripheral development towns in Israel

Correction: The effect of social service elite groups on long-time residents in peripheral development towns in Israel

The effect of social service elite groups on long-time residents in peripheral development towns in Israel

The effect of social service elite groups on long-time residents in peripheral development towns in Israel

On the Effect of the “Third-Person Effect”: Perceived Influence of Media Coverage and Residential Mobility Intentions

This study demonstrates that third-person perceptions regarding the influence of media coverage of peripheral towns indirectly affect the desire to consider moving. It is argued that regardless of whether people's perceptions of where they live are really shaped by media coverage, if people believe others are affected by this coverage more than they are, they are more likely to consider relocation. We investigated whether the perceived stigmatization of peripheral development towns in Israel has an impact on the desire of their residents to stay or leave, over and above the disaffection with actual living conditions in these communities. Using structural equation modeling (N= 472), we show that third-person estimations indeed influence both perceptions and behavioral intentions.

On the Effect of the "Third-Person Effect": Perceived Influence of Media Coverage and Residential Mobility Intentions

This study demonstrates that third-person perceptions regarding the influence of media coverage of peripheral towns indirectly affect the desire to consider moving. It is argued that regardless of whether people's perceptions of where they live are really shaped by media coverage, if people believe others are affected by this coverage more than they are, they are more likely to consider relocation. We investigated whether the perceived stigmatization of peripheral development towns in Israel has an impact on the desire of their residents to stay or leave, over and above the disaffection with actual living conditions in these communities. Using structural equation modeling (N= 472), we show that third-person estimations indeed influence both perceptions and behavioral intentions.

Classification of Development Towns in Israel by Using Multicriteria Decision Aid Techniques

In research on regional development little attention is devoted to socioeconomic distinctions within peripheral and core regions, rather than disparities between regions. This approach is evidently shared by policymakers, who tend to formulate regional development policies without taking account of existing socioeconomic differences within the regions. Development policy for Israel's national peripheries is a salient example of a homogeneous development policy. The findings of the present study point to the need to reconsider regional development by placing the main emphasis on the fashioning of a differential regional development policy, together with or in preference to a homogeneous or uniform policy. The findings are obtained through application of a relatively new method of multivariate analysis: ‘multicriteria decision aid’ (MCDA). The study suggests theoretical and methodological considerations in the larger context of regional development.

Impact of School Culture on Effectiveness of Secondary Schools With Disadvantaged Students

ABSTRACT Cultural differences between effective secondary schools and average secondary schools were investigated in terms of student participation in school affairs, teamwork, adaptation to school customers' demands, orderliness, continuous school improvement, and emphasis on academic achievement All the schools were populated primarily by disadvantaged students. The sample included 20 secondary schools in development towns in Israel—10 effective secondary schools (5 religious state schools and 5 nonreligious state schools) and 10 average secondary schools (5 religious state schools and 5 nonreligious state schools). The full-time teachers of the 20 schools involved were asked to complete a Perceived School Culture Inventory, and 66% returned questionnaires (N = 724). The results revealed that schools vary in their cultural dimensions, and this variation correlates with differences in student achievement.

Patterns of Drinking in a Small Development Town in Israel

SummaryThe two central questions investigated in this study were the extent of alcohol consumption among the adult population in a small development town in Israel and the relationship between heavy drinking (daily drinking) and feelings of distress in four areas of life–economic, social, personal, and health.The findings indicated that the percentage of daily drinkers (8%) in [his population is higher than that found in a national survey of the adult urban Jewish population in Israel (2%).Two ‘deviant’ groups of drinkers were identified–daily drinkers and weekly drinkers (those who reported drinking 2‐3 times per week). These two groups drink on non‐ritual and non‐ceremonial occasions. Daily drinkers frequently drink alone, drink several drinks at a time, and continue to drink without realizing how much. Daily drinkers tended to have strong feelings of powerlessness and a weak sense of coherence, and tended to be socially isolated.Drinking heavily is an infrequent response in the social context of the Israeli development town. No direct relationship was found between amount or kind of distress and extent of alcohol consumption. Those who do drink heavily, however, tend to be suffering from personal and social distress.

Combining Health Services in a Development Town in Israel

A workshop on the evaluation of health and welfare services in an Israeli development town was conducted by the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine in the town of Beit Shemesh. The extensive field study by the second-year M.P.H. students led to a better understanding of community problems and needs and to the formulation of a model for the integration of health services. The workshop's outcomes, as evaluated by the participants, revealed close cooperation between the participants and the local health and welfare personnel and a positive appraisal of the workshop's goals.

Outmigration from a Development Town in Israel

Outmigration from a Development Town in Israel

A Program for Disadvantaged Youth in an Israeli Development Town: An Evaluation

The problems of evaluation research on a program tor disadvantaged youth in a development town in Israel are discussed. The program was initiated by an outside agency which did not mesh easily with local politics. Personnel who matched the requirements of the program were not easily found. The distance between the steering committee and the actual organization left important areas of management poorly defined. These same problems were reflected in the research which through self-criticism helped illuminate processes within the larger project.

Outmigration from a Development Town in Israel

This article studies the problem of outmigration from an Israeli which suffers an additional handicap by virtue of its being situated on the Northern frontier (of Israel). This border has witnessed many terrorist attacks in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Some of the raids were actually experienced by the inhabitants of the town studied. In using the term we refer to the townships devised and planned by the state on the basis of economic military and settlement policy considerations. Many of these among them the town under scrutiny were established in the early 50s and their establishment had the overriding aim of absorbing the masses of Oriental Jewish immigrants who settled in Israel during that period. In order to make these towns viable in terms of modern industrial society the government policy has been one of attracting professional people and investors interested in establishing industrial plants by means of special financial benefits. The main question to be analyzed here and one which some development towns and the Government have been facing is whether development towns situated on insecure borders have the potential to retain their populations especially those sections comprising the younger age-groups and the professionally qualified people without whose contributions the fuller development of these towns is bound to be retarded. Consequently the rate of outmigration becomes an important index for such towns and the examination of different features of outmigration and the conditions producing it will preoccupy us in this paper. The theories on immigration distinguish between two kinds of forces which motivate a person to leave his place of residence those which push him toward leaving the place and those outside his place of residence which attract him by feeding on his aspirations. (excerpt)

Object Classification by Four Categories of Children in a Development Town in Israel

A simple analysis of variance indicated the presence of significant differences in the number of categorizations in an object-sorting task by middle-class, culturally deprived, mentally retarded, and learning-disabled children. T-tests for differences between the means revealed that middle-class children categorized significantly more than culturally deprived children, retarded children, and learning-disabled children. However, culturally deprived children categorized significantly less than retarded children, which is the reverse of the expected performance. It would appear that the teaching methods for culturally deprived children in a development town in Israel are so poor that they cannot even achieve the level of performance of retarded children.

Comment on "Development Towns in Israel" by Spilerman and Habib

Comment on "Development Towns in Israel" by Spilerman and Habib

Development Towns in Israel: The Role of Community in Creating Ethnic Disparities in Labor Force Characteristics

This paper investigates the contribution of community to ethnic stratification is Israel. We show that "development towns," a category of new settlements established to achieve population dispersal and immigrant absorption, have influenced (a) the areal distributions of different ethnic (country-of origin) group, (b) the tendency for each group to be concentrated in certain industries, and (c) the occupational opportunities available to the members of an ethnic population. We also review the relevance of this analysis for understanding ethnic stratification in America.