Development Of Research Methods Research Articles

Design and Creation of Android-Based Learning Media in Informatics Subjects in Vocational High Schools

This research aims to determine the validity, practicality and effectiveness of designing and making android-based Learning Media in Class X Informatics Subjects at SMK N 9 Padang for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. This research uses the development research method (Research & Development). The sample in this study consisted of 35 vocational school students. This research method uses analysis (ADDIE), with the design and development steps as follows. (1) Analyze, (2) Design, (3) development, (4) Implement, and (5) Evaluate. The results of the validity test by experts, the overall validator test assessment of Android-based learning media in the Class X Informatics subject at SMK Negeri 9 Padang was 87.11%, so the validity level can be interpreted as valid for use. The results of the overall practicality test assessment of the Android-based Learning Media in the Informatics subject Class The results of the overall effectiveness test assessment of the effectiveness of Android-based learning media in the Informatics subject Class In conclusion, based on assessments along with expert input and the results of field trials, Android-based learning media as a learning medium has been tested for its suitability, superiority and can be used in the learning process in class X Informatics subjects at SMK Negeri 9 Padang.

Development of Multimedia-Based Sex Education Media in Efforts to Educate Parents in Betung Village, Abab District

This study aims to develop multimedia-based sex education media as a valid and practical parental education effort using the Research and development (RnD) research method, with the Borg and Gall development model implemented in Betung Village, Abab District. There were 21 subjects in the study, with the following stages: initial data collection, product design, product validation, product revision, and product testing. The data collection technique used in this study was a questionnaire which produced a product in the form of animas Sex Education video media. The implementation of animated video media was carried out in two stages, namely one-to-one trials and small group trials. The results of this study are sex education media in the form of animated videos which have a validity level on the language aspect getting a total score of 28 with a percentage of 77%, material aspects getting a total score of 34 with a percentage of 94%, and the media aspect getting a total score of 35 with a percentage of 97%. . Based on the validation results, it can be concluded that the development of sex education media in an effort to educate parents is categorized as very valid or very practical

Ethnobotany of Limnocharis Flava (L.) Buch in Bakumpai Dayak Community of Bagus Village, Barito Kuala District as A Popular Scientific Book

Ethnobotany describes the relationship between plant benefits and communities over generations. Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch. is one of the plants utilized by Bakumpai Dayak community in Bagus Village and can be studied ethnobotanically. This research aims to describe the ethnobotanical study of Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch. in the Bakumpai Dayak community of Bagus Village, Barito Kuala District, and to determine the validity and readability of the content of the popular scientific book developed on the ethnobotany of genjer. This research used the development research method based on Plomp's model (1997) to develop teaching materials in the form of a popular scientific book. The results of this development research show six aspects/studies of genjer ethnobotany: genjer botanical study has a round stem (globosus), genjer ethno-pharmacological study as a remedy for tonsillitis and appetite enhancer supplement, genjer ethno-ecological study based on its growing conditions already meeting optimal conditions, genjer ethno-socioanthropological study as a complementary vegetable for wedding and celebration events, genjer ethno-economic study used as a mixture for raw vegetables and sold in markets, and genjer ethno-linguistic study named "genjir" by the Bakumpai Dayak community due to its aligned growth. The validity test results for developing the popular scientific book show highly valid results with an average score of 3.5. The readability test results for the content of the popular scientific book show very good results, with an average score of 89.5%.

Model development of empowered on the job training program to improve the school leadership effectiveness

Purpose: The development of an on-the-job training program manual model is a critical step for educational units within the framework of sustainable human resource capacity development, which aims to see the need for an on-the-job training program for school leadership teams to improve their leadership effectiveness. This certainly needs to be supported by the design of an on-the-job training program for school leadership teams to improve their leadership effectiveness as an alternative means of capacity building for school leadership teams in managing schools. In addition, it is also to see the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the on-the-job training program model for the school leadership team to improve their leadership effectiveness which in turn can provide significance to the education services managed in schools. Method: This study used a development research method based on Smith and Ragan's design. The instruments used in the study were validation and practicality sheets, model needs analysis questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Data on the validity and practicality of the model were obtained during data processing. Data processing was continued with paired sample t-test analysis using SPSS and N-Gain to determine the effectiveness. Results: The results of existing research show: 1) an assessment of the feasibility of the EMPOWERED OJT model to increase the effectiveness of school leadership shows a very high validity category with an average value of 84%, and its practicality is considered very practical with an average value of 95%; 2) an assessment of effectiveness, there is a Sig value. (2-tailed) is <.001, which is < 0.05, indicating that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. This shows the influence of using the OJT program model manual to increase the effectiveness of school leadership. It is also seen that there is an increase in the average (gain) of the pretest and posttest data of 0.73, which is included in the medium group criteria. Based on the results of this research, the developed product model is effective and contributes positively to increasing the effectiveness of leadership in schools, in this case, in the ranks of school leaders.

The Importance of Developing E-Books Using The 4S-TMD Method to Improve Environmental Literacy

This preliminary study aimed to describe the importance of developing redox electronic books using the 4S-TMD method to increase environmental literacy. The 4S-TMD method consists of four stages: selection, structuring, characterization and didactic reduction. This study focused on the selection stage as a first step. Environmental literacy is the ability to understand and interpret ecological conditions. From the results of this understanding and interpretation, an individual can decide the appropriate action to maintain, restore and improve the condition of an environment. The components of environmental literacy that must be achieved include ecological knowledge, attitudes towards the environment, cognitive skills, and behavior towards the environment. This study used the Development Research (DR) method with the Design, Development and Evaluation type. This article discussed the importance of developing chemistry e-books in the selection stage. The results of the selection stage determined basic competencies, which are formulated as learning indicators and concept labels based on curriculum demands. The results of the selection stage were also related to the context of content related to everyday life and the development of basic concepts sourced from international textbooks, as well as pedagogic contexts related to achieving environmental literacy. The results of the selection stage were evaluated by expert lecturers in chemistry education who were declared valid. Based on the results and discussion of the research, it was concluded that the development of electronic books on redox material using the 4S TMD method was developed in several stages where the first stage, the selection stage, showed that development began with the selection of basic competencies, namely KD 3.9, by experiencing the development of indicators, namely eight indicators.
 Keywords: redox, electronic books, 4S-TMD method, environmental literacy

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS AUDIO VISUAL MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI FILMORA PADA MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI MATERI FLORA DAN FAUNA DI INDONESIA DAN DUNIA SMA NEGERI 1 DULUPI

This research is research into the development of audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application. This research aims to produce audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application on flora and fauna material in Indonesia and the world. This research uses a development research method using the ADDIE model as an approach in compiling learning media. In this research there are 5 stages, namely the analysis stage, design stage, development stage, implementation stage and evaluation stage. The results of the development research were obtained from the validator assessment results which showed that this learning media was declared suitable for use and very valid. The assessment given to each statement is as follows: from product design expert validation it is declared very valid with a rating result of 84%, from material/content experts it is declared very valid with a rating result of 91.1% and the learning expert in this case is a geography teacher declared very valid with a rating result of 90.3% and the average student response to learning media was 89.1%, which means it was classified as very good media. The conclusion of this research is that audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application developed by researchers is declared suitable for use in the learning process.

PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK IPA TENTANG CARA TUBUH MERESPONS RANGSANG CAHAYA

Development research was conducted to create a science comic product about how the body reacts to light. The comic aims to address common misconceptions that students have about the subject of light. The science comic teaching materials about light were designed to cater to the needs of fifth-grade students in elementary schools. The development research method used was ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), with 43 class V UPT students at SD Negeri 18 Gresik participating. The analysis involved needs analysis, material analysis, and analysis of learning implementation. The designs were produced using Photoshop CC & Corel Draw X7 software, and the development stage involved turning the designs into a comic product. Validation was conducted by validating appearance, material, and language, with each validation involving two validators. Implementation was carried out using the PBL learning model, and the results were 100% in the very effective category. Evaluation was also conducted by providing student response questionnaires, and the results were 90.7% in the very good category. The research produced a valid science comic with a score of 87.74% in the very valid and 100% effective category. So it is recommended that further research can develop more open science comic materials for elementary school students on various interesting topics and by the curriculum to increase students' interest in learning about natural science.

Innovation in English Language Learning Assessment in Class VII of SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Merawan: Development of a HOTS-Based Evaluation Tool with the Help of Wordwall

An evaluation instrument or evaluation tool is a tool that meets academic requirements. The evaluation instrument still uses paper evaluation tools and does not use online learning evaluation. The aim of this research is to develop a wordwall-assisted HOTS-based English language learning evaluation tool. This type of research applies the Research and Development (R&D) research method. The subjects in this research were class VII students of SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Merawan who used the HOTS-based learning evaluation tool with the help of Wordwall, for a total of 32 students. The object of research is English-language reading material in the form of wordwall assistance. This research has been validated through stages by material experts, media experts, instructional design experts, language experts, and evaluation experts. This research has trial stages, namely initial field trials, main field trials, and operational field trials. This research also tested the effectiveness of the wordwall-assisted HOTS-based English learning evaluation tool. The research results show that students who use the HOTS-based English language learning evaluation tool assisted by Wordwall are "more effective" than those who use conventional learning methods. This is shown by the calculation results obtained: tcount = 2.28 and ttable = 2.00, where 2.28 > 2.00 for a significance level of 0.05. The effectiveness value of the wordwall-assisted HOTS-based English language learning evaluation tool is higher, namely 80.28%, than student learning outcomes using conventional methods with a value of 75.25%.

Management of Tahfizhul Qur'an Curriculum Development at the Tahfizh Putri Manba'ul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School

This development research aims to design the management of the Tahfizh Al-Qur'an program. This study uses the Borg and Gall research development method. The development design uses the inverted Taba model. The seven-step model that is applied is: The first stage in the management of developing the curriculum for the tahfizhul Qur'an program is diagnosing needs. The results of diagnosing the needs of the tahfizhul Qur'an program through field observations and documentation studies are in the form of: Implementation of tahfizhul Qur'an using varied and fun methods, setting targets for memorizing material, implementing effective evaluations. The second stage is formulating goals. The third stage is choosing content / material. After the objectives are formulated, then choose the content/material for tahfizhul Qur'an. The fourth stage organizes the content/material. The material for the tahfizhul Qur'an program that has been determined is compiled and classified into six levels for six years starting from MTs to MA level. The fifth stage is choosing a learning experience, the learning experience includes memorizing the Al-Qur'an, depositing the memorization to the teacher and doing murajaah. The sixth stage is organizing the learning experience, the learning experience is packaged into activity packages for the tahfizhul Qur'an program. The seventh stage is evaluating. evaluation of the tahfizhul Qur'an program which includes daily evaluations, monthly evaluations, semester evaluations and year-end quarantine for those who have completed memorizing 30 juz.

Development of Learning Models Computer and Network Engineering Expertise Concentration Based on Flipped - blended Learning

The objectives of this research are: (1) analyzing the need for learning models; (2) designing learning tools; (3) analyzing the effectiveness of the learning model. The research method used is the development research method or Research and Development. The process of developing this learning model refers to the ADDIE development model which includes: (1) Analysis: performance analysis and needs analysis; (2) the design stage composes teaching modules, model books, LMS designs, and manual books. Preparation of research products and tools based on literature reviews that have been carried out by researchers; (3) Development through individual trials and small group trials. Then produce a product prototype (4) Implementation conduct field tests at YPPP Wonomulyo Vocational School by implementing a learning model prototype, and collecting user responses to the learning model applied; (5) Evaluation in the form of a review of research products and tools. The research results showed that at the small group testing stage and user responses were in the very good category. The learning model for concentrating computer and network engineering skills based on flipped-blended learning is effective based on observer assessments and user responses. Therefore, it is recommended that the learning model for concentrating computer and network engineering skills based on flipped-blended learning can be used as a reference for managing learning that is fun, makes things easier, increases motivation and optimizes student learning outcomes.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Video Menggunakan Aplikasi Tiktok pada Materi Akhlaq Berpakaian

This study aims to develop video-based learning media using the TikTok application for clothing morals material. This research refers to the development research method with the ADDIE model. Data collection techniques used learning expert validation tests and product trials on research subjects (class XI B students at MA Al-Hasyimiyah). Meanwhile, data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative analysis. The development results obtained a feasibility percentage of 95% (expert validation test) and 89.7% (group test questionnaire), so it was declared valid or suitable for use. Meanwhile, based on product implementation trials, it was found that it was effectively able to increase student learning outcomes by 12.4%. So this development study concludes that the clothing morals learning video product developed is valid and suitable for use in improving students' understanding and learning outcomes.

E-Portfolio and E-Catalog Integration System as Learning Media and Promotion of Broadcasting Study Program

This article discusses the design of a web-based portfolio and catalog integration system as a medium for learning and promoting the work of Polymedia Broadcasting Study Program students. The systems entitled ’Nakula’ and ’Sadewa’ are designed in an integrated manner to meet the needs of the distribution and promotion process of student work. There are three main needs in managing audio-visual works in the broadcasting study program: (1) The need for a work archive system. (2) Open access to works for students as a learning medium. (3) Showcase student work so that it can be accessed on a limited basis by stakeholders or sponsors. These findings can complement the findings of previous studies which have been able to use the E-portfolio system as a promotional medium and the E-Catalog as a student learning medium. These two systems are then combined into an integrated system that can answer the three main needs for the distribution and archiving of works in the broadcasting study program. The method used in this research is the development research method (DRM). This method tries to map the problem at a locus and find a solution based on the problem found. Apart from that DRM also prioritizes the involvement of each actor in these activities so that it can maximize the role of each actor. The findings in this article are a platform called Nakula-Sadewa, which has features including a showcase of student assignments that can be accessed in full version for polymedia students so that it can be maximized as a learning medium, limited access by sponsors or external parties, work archive facilities, and writing practice for students.
 Keywords: Nakula-Sadewa, promotion, learing, media, platform

Augmented Reality (AR) Solar System Objects Based on Marker Based 3D

This research implements Augmented Reality (AR) technology in solar system learning using a marker-based 3D object recognition method. The aim of this research is to create an interactive and immersive experience for users to learn about the solar system through an Android smartphone. The research development method follows the waterfall approach, which includes requirements analysis, system and software design, implementation, integration, testing, and maintenance. This AR application utilizes marker-based 3D object recognition technology on an Android smartphone. The test results demonstrate the success of the application in displaying 3D objects during the scanning process using marker cards. Distance testing indicates that the optimal range for recognizing solar system objects is 20-30 cm. Meanwhile, light intensity testing reveals that outdoor daylight conditions with an intensity of 90-120 Lux provide optimal results. In conclusion, this research successfully develops an application for recognizing solar system objects using AR technology. The application offers an interactive learning experience for the solar system. The utilization of the waterfall method and the positive test results are the strengths of this research. For future development, the consideration of employing the scrum method can accelerate the application development and testing processes.

Pengembangan Job Sheet Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Berbasis Logo Softcomfort Untuk Kelas XII SMK Negeri 1 Pungging

This study aims to determine the level of feasibility assessed from the aspects of validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the PLC-based Logo Softcomfort Job Sheet. Development utilized the Research and Development (R&D) research method. This study employed a one-group pretest-posttest design and was conducted on 34 students of XII TITL 1 class. The research employed a validation instrument for the job sheet, with practicality assessed through student responses, and the effectiveness measured through the cognitive pre-test and posttest scores of students. The results indicate that the job sheet's validity yielded a rating of 94.19, categorized as "very valid." The practicality of the PLC job sheet resulted in a rating of 91.35, categorized as "very practical." Regarding the effectiveness of the PLC job sheet on cognitive learning outcomes, it resulted in a calculated t-value of 18.738, with a critical t-value (df = 66, α = 0.05) of 1.997, obtaining a significance value of 0.000. Based on these findings, the PLC job sheet based on Softcomfort can be considered valid, practical, and effective for use in IML learning at SMK Negeri 1 Pungging.
 

Developing Descriptive Writing Materials by Using Padlet Application in the Tenth Grade Students at SMK AL Washliyah 3 Medan

The aim of this research is to develop descriptive writing material, determine the validation of descriptive writing material and to increase the effectiveness of descriptive writing material by using the padlet application in teaching writing for class X students at SMK AL Washliyah 3 Medan. The research was carried out using the Development Research method, and the evaluator was an English subject teacher, and the subjects were class X students. Pre-test and post-test were carried out to determine the effectiveness of the results. The pre-test results obtained an average score of 70.15% in the satisfactory category; The post-test results show an average score of 82.15% in the very good category. The process of developing teaching materials includes three aspects of assessment: 1) development of descriptive writing materials; 2) validation of descriptive writing material and; 3) effectiveness of descriptive writing materials. Material expert validation includes content with an average score of 3.15% and percentages 4.35% in the superior category. Feasibility of presenting teaching materials has an average score of 5.67% in the superior category, and linguistic elements have an average score of 4.25% in the superior category. The conclusion shows that the design for developing descriptive text teaching materials using a scientific approach in English subjects is very effective.

Flipbook-based personal development information service model for enhancing self-awareness in late adolescents

Purpose: This study aims to develop a flipbook-based personal development information service model and examine the increase in self-awareness of late adolescents as a measure of its effectiveness. Method: This research used development research methods with an ADDIE design. The instruments used in this study were validation and practicality sheets, model needs analysis questionnaires, self-awareness questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The data processing used in this research is by processing data on the model's validity and practicality, and N-gain test analysis and Paired Sample t-test using SPSS version 24 were also carried out to evaluate effectiveness. Results: The research results obtained are: 1) assessment of the feasibility of the flipbook-based personal development information service model shows a high validity category with an average value of 91%, and its practicality is considered very practical to use with an average value of 87%; 2) assessment of effectiveness, there is a Sig.2 tailed value of 0.000 < 0.025, so Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted, as well as an increase in the average (Gain) of pretest and post-test data of 0.60, which is classified as a medium criterion. Based on the research results, the developed product model is effective and contributes to increasing self-awareness among high school students in late adolescence.

Development of Flip PDF Professional Based Flipbook Learning Media on Basic Practical Elements of Hair Beauty for Class X Beauty Students of Gelora Jaya Nusantara Vocational School Medan

This study aims to develop Flipbook learning media based on Flip PDF Professional and determine the feasibility of learning media on basic practical elements of hair beauty at SMK Gelora Jaya Nusantara Medan. The research method used in the Research & Development (R&D) research method with the ADDIE development model. The sample of this study was class X students of Beauty Management at SMK Gelora Jaya Nusantara Medan as many as 35 students. The research instrument used is a questionnaire instrument with descriptive statistical data analysis techniques. Based on the results of the research that has been done, the validation results from material experts get a score of 85.9% in the "Very Feasible" category. The results of validation from media experts get a score of 92.3% in the "Very Feasible" category. Student responses regarding learning media get a response of 91.86% in the "Very Feasible" category. The conclusion is that the Flipbook Learning Media Development based on Flip PDF Professional on Basic Practical Elements of Hair Beauty for Grade X Beauty Students is very feasible to use as learning media in the learning process.

표정 분석 데이터를 활용한 원격화상 토론 학습 지원전략 개발

Objectives In order to develop the design principles for online discussion in videoconferencing instruction, this study develops the design principles by using learning analysis data analyzed with facial expression analysis tool and confirms the user's reaction.
 Methods Using the design and development research method, the initial design principles was developed by analyzing previous research and problems of videoconferencing classroom field. They were modified and developed through expert validation tests for three times. A prototype of facial expression analysis tool was developed to evaluate usability, and the final design principles were developed.
 Results The final support strategy consists of 9 support strategies and 26 detailed guidelines, tailored to the pre-debate, during the debate, and post-debate stages. In this regard, it has been confirmed by users that the strategy enables to simultaneously perceive non-verbal elements and to provide timely feedback. However, it was also observed that the intervention of instructors can function both as a strength and as a disruptive factor to discussions.
 Conclusions The above design principles are significant in that it suggested the prescription using learning analysis data what is facial expressions. It showed a new possibility to apply artificial intelligence technology at learning analysis by using facial expression analysis tool that automatically analyzes present a result value.

In Vitro and In Vivo Models for the Development of Hair Growth Materials By Regulating the β-Catenin Signaling Pathways.

Although hair loss contributes to various social and economic, research methods for material development are currently limited. In this study, we established a research model for developing materials for hair growth through the regulation of β-catenin. We confirmed that 100 nM tegatrabetan (TG), a β-catenin inhibitor, decreased the proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) at 72 h. In addition, TG-induced apoptosis suppressed the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and Akt, translocation of β-catenin from the cytosol to the nucleus, and the expression of cyclin D1. Interestingly, TG significantly increased the G2/M arrest in HFDPCs. Subcutaneous injection of TG suppressed hair growth and the number of hair follicles in C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, TG inhibited the expression of cyclin D1, β-catenin, keratin 14, and Ki67. These results suggest that TG-induced inhibition of hair growth can be a promising model for developing new materials for enhancing β-catenin-mediated hair growth.

Pengembangan LKPD Elektronik Berbasis Problem Based Learning pada Materi Elektrokimia

Learning resources that are often used in learning only use limited print media and do not attract students' motivation, scientific attitude, and learning independence. For this reason, the right learning media is needed to improve it through electronic student worksheet media. This study aims to produce electronic student worksheet based on Problem-based Learning (PBL) on electrochemical material that is suitable for use in learning chemistry, determine characteristics, analyze practicality based on the assessment of high school chemistry teachers, and analyze responses and readability based on the assessment of high school students. This research used the Research and Development (R&D) research method with the 4D development model. The electronic student worksheet contains 4 learning activities and is equipped with pictures, audio, video, and declared feasible by chemistry learning experts. The results of the practicality test assessment by chemistry teachers obtained an average score of 94.4 out of a maximum score of 105 and an ideal percentage of 89.90% which is included in the ‘Very Good’ category. The results of the response test assessment and readability by students obtained an average score of 52.2 from a maximum score of 60, an ideal percentage of 87.50% which is included in the ‘Very Good’ category