Water Conservation Development Research Articles

On the Formation of the Zhedong Canal during the Pre-Qin and Qin-Han Periods

The natural environment of the Ningshao Plain, which is surrounded by mountains and faces the sea, and the terrain of high south and low north, determined the inevitability of the development of water transportation in the region. Based on this, local water conservancy development had existed for a long time. The Zhedong Canal, which originated from the comprehensive engineering of the Shanyin ancient waterway constructed by the State of Yue in the late Spring and Autumn period, was further developed with the opening of the ancient Jiangnan Canal after the unification of Qin. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Jian Lake system was constructed, followed by the successive development of the Westward Canal during the Six Dynasties. Thus, the complete picture of the Zhedong Canal, as known today, gradually took shape. Based on the analysis of the engineering projects throughout the dynasties, it is evident that the formation of the Zhedong Canal was not accomplished overnight nor based on a single foundation. Its functional design was not limited to transportation alone. The superimposition of engineering projects across different periods revealed the canal's development as being adaptive to the times and innovative in nature. This objectively reflects the historical choice of Chinese ancestors to proactively adapt to nature and transform the environment.

Analysis of the sediment sources of flood driven erosion and deposition in the river channel of the Fu River Basin

Studying the characteristics of runoff and sediment processes and revealing the sources of sediment provide key guidance for the scientific formulation of relevant soil erosion protection measures and water conservancy development plans. In the current study, the flow and sediment data of five hydrological stations on the main stream of the Fu River Basin (FRB) from 2007 to 2018 were selected to identify flood events, explore the variation of sediment transport along the FRB, and clarify the sediment sources. The results found that the Jiangyou–Fujiangqiao section is the main source of sediment in the FRB during the flood season. The runoff volume and sediment load during flood events in the Jiangyou–Fujiangqiao section accounted for 35% and 145% respectively of that of Xiaoheba station. These results combined with the change of the sediment load before and after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake (May 12) show that the sediment in this section mainly comes from the Fu River tributary–the Tongkou River watershed. The calculation results for the sediment carrying capacity of the Fu River show that the main stream was in a state of erosion in theory. However, according to the calculation results for the interval sediment yield during flood events, the sediment load at the Xiaoheba station was smaller than that at the Shehong station upstream. The analysis indicates that this was not because of sediment deposition in the river channel, but because of sand mining in the river channel and sediment interception by water conservancy projects. If heavy rainfall occurs in the FRB, the sediment accumulated upstream will move downstream with the resulting flood, and the sediment yield in the FRB may further increase. These research conclusions can provide reference information for improving the prediction and management ability of soil and water loss in the FRB and scientific regulation of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

The response of plant diversity to human dominance in the meta-watershed ecosystem of Southwest China

• Intensified urban development threatened forest and riparian plant diversity. • Socioeconomic and water conservancy development deteriorated plant diversity. • Riparian plants were more susceptible to artificial development than forest plants. • Human dominance destroys ecosystem services provision in meta-watershed ecosystems. Plant diversity is essential to maintain terrestrial ecosystem stability and balance, but it is highly susceptible to environmental changes that are generally dominated by human activities. In the natural habitat, plant growth and distribution patterns are known to be regulated by abiotic environments such as water, temperature, and nutrient. However, how growing human dominance impacts plant diversity at the watershed scale remains unclear. From the view of the meta-watershed ecosystem, this study constructed indicators to examine the plant diversity responses in karst watersheds of different urban development intensities. The results revealed that the growing urban development intensity deteriorated plant diversity and riparian plant diversity in the meta-watershed ecosystem. Both socioeconomic and water conservancy development had noticeable adverse effects on plant diversity. The riparian plants were more susceptible to artificial development than forest plants. The predicted results of various development scenarios suggest that, by the middle of the 21st century, plant diversity and food production in the watershed will meet a crisis unless forest protection policies are applied, and large-scale urban expansion is curbed. In the meta-watershed ecosystem, growing human dominance increasingly destroys plant diversity and the ecosystem supply. Policies and measures are urgently needed to reverse the potential deteriorating trend of the ecosystem, maintain the stability of the ecosystem, and promote the sustainable development of human society.

Gearing Urban Metabolism toward the Carbon Neutrality Target: A Case Study of Hebei Province, China

Urban metabolism has emerged over the past decades as an important new paradigm of regional and urban sustainability governance towards a Chinese national scheme of ‘carbon neutrality’ by 2060. Hebei province in China faces twin pressures related to its supply of water and energy resources, which has brought humans and nature into conflict. Overcoming this tension in the human-land relationship in Hebei and determining a suitable development path for the future has become a core issue for the achievement of coordinated development within the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. This paper constructs a system to simulate the metabolism of water, energy, and human relationships, and uses this model to carry out simulations for Hebei province. The model establishes five scenarios: a natural development scenario, economic growth scenario, water conservation development scenario, energy conservation development scenario, and low carbon scenario. The simulation results show that, without intervention, the natural development scenario results in greater pressure on supply gaps and a greater demand for water and energy, with more production of industrial waste gas and domestic wastewater discharges. The economic growth, water conservation development, and energy conservation development scenarios focus on single economic, water conservation, and energy conservation measures by looking at core economic, water, and energy elements within the metabolic system; however, solving issues with individual elements merely leads to other, remaining problems. Under the low carbon scenario, issues with multiple elements in Hebei’s metabolic system are considered more comprehensively, so the simulation results are better than those in the other scenarios, and it better fits the future orientation of sustainable development of Hebei province.

The Optimization of Hydraulic and Electric Power System Considering the Multi-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Water conservancy and electric power planning is an important part of urban planning and construction. In order to realize the ecological development of the multi-particle swarm optimization algorithm and improve the quality of people’s living environment, it is necessary to carry out ecological planning for the multi-particle swarm optimization. Based on the problems existing in the current development of water conservancy and electric power planning in China, this paper explores the planning and design of river courses based on the collaborative optimization of ecological multi-particle swarm optimization, so as to promote the sustainable development of urban construction in China.

Construction Method of Evaluation System of Water Conservancy engineering Heritage

At present, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the reform and development of water conservancy is facing new situations, new tasks and new requirements. With the establishment of the list of “Heritage Irrigation Structures” in 2014, the ancient irrigation system in China has been gradually excavated, and the irrigation engineering heritage of our country has reached 23 items. The protection and display and utilization of ancient irrigation heritage is conducive to transforming the advantages of historical and cultural resources into social and economic advantages and promoting the development of local economy. Through the collection of literature and field research, this article deeply studies the formation and characteristics of water conservancy project heritage, analyzes the value composition of water conservancy project heritage, and summarizes and extracts the indexes of water conservancy project heritage value, and this paper points out the principles of selecting index items. In this paper, the index system is divided into target layer, criterion layer, supplementary criterion layer and index layer. The target layer is five values, the criterion layer is the specific classification of the target layer, the supplementary criterion layer is the corresponding supplement of the criterion layer, and the index layer is the quantification of the criterion layer.

Construction Method of Seepage Control and Leakage Stoppage in Water Conservancy Project Construction

In order to promote the development of water conservancy and improve the quality of water conservancy project, this paper expounds the causes of leakage in water conservancy project construction through theoretical analysis, and expounds two basic construction methods of seepage prevention and plugging in water conservancy project, and puts forward guarantee measures for seepage prevention and plugging construction in water conservancy project, for reference of relevant personnel.

How to Advance Water Conservancy Inspection under the New Situation

As an important means of water conservancy project construction and management, water conservancy project inspection plays an important role in the development of water conservancy. As the List of Common Problems in Water Conservancy Project Construction Inspection (Trial) (hereinafter referred to as the List) issued by the Ministry of Water Resources in 2019 provides a more standard new model for water conservancy inspection, how to improve the quality and efficiency of water conservancy inspection with accurate and efficient use of the List and maximization of its effectiveness is worth considering.

Understanding and thinking of intelligent water conservancy in China under the background of informatization

In the new era of rapid development of information technology, intelligent water conservancy has become the inevitable trend of the development of water conservancy industry. This paper describes the development and status quo of smart water conservancy in China in recent years, analyzes and discusses the existing problems, and puts forward some suggestions for the corresponding problems, so as to provide a certain reference for the follow-up development of smart water conservancy in China.

Exploration and practice of intelligent engineering in Dadu River hydropower construction

Abstract In view of the difficulties in promoting intelligent management in the field of engineering construction, based on the concept of intelligent enterprise and the actual situation of hydropower project-construction management, this paper puts forward the basic concept, main features and general idea of intelligent engineering. Based on a review of the exploration, pilot construction and comprehensive practice of intelligent engineering in the hydropower construction of Dadu River, the practical results of the intelligent engineering of Dagangshan, Houziyan, Shaping-II and Shuangjiangkou hydropower stations are summarized. The technical system and management model of engineering an early-warning decision centre, intelligent dam project, intelligent underground project, intelligent electromechanical project, intelligent security control, intelligent service guarantee, intelligent environmental and water protection, and intelligent resource control in Shuangjiangkou hydropower station are introduced. It is proposed that intelligent engineering is a high integration of information technology, industrial technology and management technology. And it is pointed out that intelligent engineering will lead in the new development of water conservancy and the hydropower industry, and even the engineering-construction field, throughout the world.

Traditional development of water conservation based on local knowledge: coping with climate change impacts in rural areas

The aim of this research is more to understand how to local people in strengthening the capability of water scarcity to availability, mainly in hilly areas is the one place that susceptible to climate change impacts, which drought is the one problem on the dry season in rural areas. The “Jamban systems” is the one model type developed as adaptation process in meeting the demand of family or social community-scale, which each of the people tried of taking advantage water scarcity optimally, where they were tried to be managed of the water scarcity in the surroundings of their dwelling finely and continually. A qualitative research study and purposive sampling were used to data collection, alongside reinforced by the direct observation and in-depth individual interview method, which were at least 25 respondent and it’s based on ecosystem types. The result of this research shown that the most of local people have utilized water kindly, optimal, and sustain in their alive, which it’s also optimized used to water scarcity by employing of type, alongside its part of adapting and mitigating process to climate change impacts dynamically.

WITHDRAWN: Application research of multimedia video system in water conservancy and hydropower engineering management

Abstract The development of water conservancy and hydropower projects is related to China's economic lifeline, strengthen the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, realize the information management of water conservancy and hydropower project construction, improve the efficiency of project construction management, save the management cost of project construction, and then improve Construction quality and investment efficiency of water conservancy and hydropower projects. However, traditional project management methods have not been able to achieve the purpose of improvement. With the development of science and technology, the emergence of multimedia provides a platform for the realization of efficient construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects. As a platform application of current technology, multimedia can be multi-user-oriented. Users do not need to consider network equipment and configuration issues. Just rent the functions you need according to your needs. You can use the software by entering the URL when you have a network. Convenient and intuitive. Through the analysis of the construction management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, this paper constructs the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects based on the multimedia video system model, and realizes the efficient and low-cost management of project construction. This paper combines the characteristics of water conservancy and hydropower project construction management to build a water conservancy and hydropower project construction management system, realize multi-user multimedia mode water conservancy and hydropower project construction management system, and more meet the multimedia video system model water conservancy and hydropower project construction management system. Actual demand. Finally, the developed system is applied to a water conservancy investment company to realize multi-user collaborative management.

An economic-efficiency analysis of water conservancy investment in Heilongjiang Province based on projection pursuit clustering and DEA models

Abstract Water conservancy investment affects economic development. To scientifically analyze its economic efficiency, this paper employs a projection pursuit clustering model based on the real-coded accelerated genetic algorithm to reduce the number of output index systems for each year, and the relative economic efficiency is obtained for 13 cities in Heilongjiang Province during the period 2007–2012 using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The spatial distribution regulation is described based on the average efficiency derived for the period 2007–2012. Finally, the output values are optimized for ineffective cities under the optimization principle according to the 2012 values. The results show that the output index system is different for each year. Most cities exhibit comprehensive effectiveness, and the development of water conservancy is generally good. The spatial distribution regulation of economic efficiency tends to be high in the south and low in the north because it is related to local economic development and water policies. To achieve comprehensive effectiveness, the output indices need to be adjusted. This study assists with the promotion of efficient development plans for water conservancy systems and the economic efficiency of water conservancy investment in Heilongjiang Province.

鱼道进口研究综述

防洪、灌溉、发电等需求的日益增加，使得全球范围内诸多国家在江河上修建了大量的大坝、堰、水闸等水工建筑物。鱼类需要通过洄游来满足不同时期他们对群落生境结构的要求。而这些水工建筑物的修建，破坏了河流纵向的连通性，造成了河流生境的片段化，阻断了鱼类的洄游通道和基因交流，造成了鱼类生境的破碎化，使鱼类无法完成洄游这一自然过程，引起鱼类种群数量减少。鱼道是恢复鱼类洄游通道的有效工程措施，是沟通鱼类破碎化生境的桥梁，设置的主要目的就是让鱼类顺利通过其障碍物。其作用除了减缓工程对鱼类的不利影响外，更使得许多的鱼类免于灭绝，保障了河流的连通性和生物多样性。因此，运行良好的鱼道具有重要的生态意义、经济意义和工程意义。鱼道进口是鱼道设计时必须充分考虑的关键问题，但以往在进行鱼道设计时，却又并没有得到足够重视；尤其在中国，研究人员设计鱼道时主要将他们的注意力集中在鱼道内部的结构水力设计参数的研究及型式选择上，而由于对鱼类生活习性和洄游规律等方面的认识还不完善，对鱼道进口位置布置及结构的研究相对薄弱，导致鱼类进入鱼道困难甚至根本无法进入鱼道，诱鱼效果差。总之，鱼道的进口是否能够吸引过鱼目标，是决定鱼道成败的关键因素之一。本文总结了国内外鱼道进口的研究现状，在此基础上，结合对鱼类游泳能力及集群等习性的分析，提出了未来研究设计鱼道进口的思路。 The construction of dams, weirs, sluices, and other hydraulic structures in rivers has rapidly in-creased due to the development of water conservancy and the increasing demands for flood control, irrigation, and the generation of power. Through migrations, fishes meet requirements with regard to the structure of the biotope during their life cycle. These hydraulic structures break down the connectivity of rivers, block the migration of fish, and fragment the fish habitat, which could result in a population decrease for many fish species. Fishway has been an effective way used to restore fish migration passages, and bridge fragmented habitats. The purpose of a fishway is to assist fish in smoothly bypassing an obstacle and alleviate the negative effects of the hydraulic structure. More importantly, fishways prevent the extinction of fishes, by protecting river connectivity and biodiversity. Therefore, well-functioning fishways have important significance. One of the key points in designing fishway is inlet, which was not given full consideration in the past, especially in China. Designers mainly focused their attention on the internal structure and flow conditions. Due to lack of recognition of the fish habits and migration law, researches on the location layout and structure of fishway inlet are seldom reported. In engineering applications, it is difficult or even impossible for fish to enter the fishway. In a word, one of the key factors of fishway design lies in whether fishes can quickly and accurately enter the fishway inlet. On the basis of recent researches on fishway inlet, combining with analysis on swimming capacity of fish and fish school, this paper provides the future direction of fishway inlet research.

Application and study of internet of things used in rural water conservancy project

In order to improve the management efficiency of rural water conservancy project in China and to promote the development of rural water conservancy informatization, the paper puts forward the comprehensive management system for rural water conservancy project based on internet of things. Firstly, the paper proposes the whole structure based on the system framework of internet of things and describes the function of each layer in detail. Secondly, the application supporting platform based on SOA and ESB is utilized to solve the problem of resource sharing. Lastly, implementation techniques of application system are introduced. The technical performance index and industrialization index before and after the system are improved. The system establishes the foundation for promoting development of the rural water conservancy towards digitalization, in- fromatization, modernization, automatization, Intellectualization and leads the direction of development of water conservancy informatization.

Research on Evaluation Index System and Fuzzy Clustering Iterative Model for Local Water Conservancy Development

According to the current water construction features and requirements, 11 indexes on three aspects which involve in water environment protection, the flood management and disaster mitigation and effective utilization of water resources are selected to establish a set of objective and scientific evaluation index system of local water conservancy development. Based on its hierarchy characteristics, a fuzzy clustering iterative model is established to determine the index weights. Finally, the model is used to evaluate water conservancy development situation in 14 cities of Liaoning province. The rank scoring of water development of each city in Liaoning province is analyzed, and the key factor is found.

Analysis of River Regime Data Based on the Improved Apriori Algorithm

With the informatization development of water conservancy, the data of water conservancy increased gradually. The data of river regime comes up with the features of real-time and historicity. Therefore, the data has the character of diversity, large and abundant contents. Because of the restrict of the classic Apriori algorithm, many researchers cant meet the requirements of those large data analysis. So, this thesis explained the improvements of the classic Apriori algorithm, designed and elaborated the effectiveness of association rules in river regime resource.

Water conservancy projects in China: Achievements, challenges and way forward

China's water policies in the past decades have relied heavily on the construction of massive water conservancy projects in the form of dams and reservoirs, water transfer projects, and irrigation infrastructure. These facilities have brought tremendous economic and social benefits but also posed many adverse impacts on the eco-environment and society. With the intensification of water scarcity, China's future water conservancy development is facing tremendous challenge of supporting the continuous economic development while protecting the water resources and the dependent ecosystems. This paper provides an overview of China's water conservancy development, and illustrates the socioeconomic, environmental and ecological impacts. A narrative of attitude changes of the central government towards water conservancy, as well as key measures since the 1950s is presented. The strategic water resources management plan set by the central government in its Document No. 1 of 2011 is elaborated with focus on the three stringent controlling “redlines” concerning national water use, water use efficiency and water pollution and the huge investments poised to finance their implementation. We emphasize that realizing the goals set in the strategic plan requires paradigm shifts of the water conservancy development towards maximizing economic and natural capitals, prioritizing investment to preserve intact ecosystems and to restore degraded ecosystems, adapting climate change, balancing construction of new water projects and rejuvenation of existing projects, and managing both “blue” (surface/groundwater) and “green” water (soil water).

Discussion on the Sustainable Development of Urban Water Conservancy Infrastructure Construction

The emerge of urban water conservancy was an intrinsic demand for the water conservancy development in the new historical background,which is the inevitable outcome of the development of the city.At present,on the contrary to the sustainable development strategy,there are a number of problems exist in China's urban water conservancy,which is not only a waste of resources, but also seriously affected the normal life of residents. By analysising the problems that exist in reality, the author propose some recommendations about building a sustainable urban water conservancy,and expect the attention to related departments.

Water Resources Management and the Energy Industry in Alberta, Canada

Abstract The challenges associated with managing Alberta's water resources are increasing as a result of population growth, agricultural expansion, and industrial development, including the energy industry. This challenge is being addressed through creative initiatives at the provincial and local levels, and reflects the involvement of many stakeholders. The road ahead will involve: continued development of stakeholder-driven water management initiatives; ongoing refinement and clarification of water management objectives; and, an improved understanding of the aquifer system, including its connection to surface water. Water is an essential resource for Alberta's energy industries, which produce 70% of Canada's crude oil and 80% of its natural gas, and these industries have done much to minimize the use of water. Nevertheless, the challenge to the energy sector will be continued development of water conservation and water quality management technologies. Introduction Energy industries are of significant importance to Albertans. Alberta is rich in natural gas, oil sands, and conventional oil, and produces 70% of Canada's crude oil and 80% of its natural gas(1). Energy-related royalty revenues account for about one-third of total provincial revenue (about $7.7 billion in 2003 - 2004)(2). The mining and oil and gas industries account for more than 17% of provincial GDP. For comparison, crop and animal production contributes 1.6% to provincial GDP(3). Conventional oil, natural gas, and coal are found in many parts of the province, and heavy oil and oil sands are found in the north and east (Figure 1). The energy industry requires water for many aspects of production, in particular for enhanced oil recovery (oilfield injection), in situ heavy oil recovery, oil sands mining, and dewatering for coal bed methane. Alberta is also experiencing high population and economic growth in other sectors, also leading to increasing demands on water resources, especially in the central and southern parts of the province. Currently, there is a moratorium on surface water withdrawals for some streams in Southern Alberta. In contrast, surface water is most available in the northern part of the province. Ground water availability is less known across the province, and this lack of information creates uncertainty in the role of ground water for supply and ecosystem health. The province, therefore, faces numerous and unique water management challenges related to the energy sector and to growing demand, fluctuations and limitations in supply, the need to maintain healthy aquatic ecosystems, and commitments embedded in downstream water agreements with adjacent neighbours(4). This paper describes the issues and challenges for water management in Alberta related to the energy sector in particular. It also highlights the current policy and management strategies developed by stakeholders to address these challenges in a practical and often creative manner, to ensure sustainability of water resources while satisfying future growth opportunities. Alberta's Water Resources Alberta is one of Canada's western prairie provinces and covers 661,185 km2. The prairies are one of the driest regions of Canada. Alberta has a diversity of hydrological and hydrogeological settings that are characterized by varied physiography, geology, and climate.