Development Of Smart Technologies Research Articles

CINEMA AS A MIRROR OF URBANIZATION: SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE REPRESENTATION OF SMART CITIES IN MODERN CINEMA

The article examines the process of formation of public perception of smart cities and intelligent technologies by cinema. The relevance is due to the development of urbanization, the growth of megacities, the development of smart technologies of the future, reflected in domestic cinema. The work applies an interdisciplinary methodological combination of management, sociology of management, urban studies and media studies to analyze the representation of smart cities in domestic TV series. Key patterns and socio-psychological aspects of perception, such as fears and hopes associated with technological progress, are highlighted. The study emphasizes the importance of cinema in shaping citizens' ideas about new technologies, risks and expectations, which is of practical value for urbanists and managers in the renovation and planning of urban spaces. The results can be used to adapt the cultural concepts of smart cities to local conditions and in the implementation of smart city projects.

Double-edged sword of industrial internet of things: Empirical evidence from green transformation of enterprises

The industrial revolution based on the Internet of Things brings new opportunities and challenges for enterprises' green and sustainable development. Therefore, this study explores the relationship between the Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) and the Green Transformation of Enterprises (GT) based on the data of China's A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2023 using two-way fixed, mediated effect, and moderated effect models. The results show that for every unit increase in IIOT, the GT increases by 28.89 percent on average, indicating that IIOT can break down information barriers and effectively promote GT. However, after disaggregating the GT, it was found that the IIOT guided companies to implement the Symbolic Green Transformation (SGT) instead of adopting the Realistic Green Transformation (RGT). This strategic choice preference is more pronounced among firms that are larger, in energy-intensive industries, in regions with weaker environmental regulations and higher levels of development. The intermediary mechanism test proved that the IIOT can drive firms to implement comprehensive GT through paths that enhance investment attractiveness, productivity, technological innovation, and pay gaps. In particular, the masking effect reminds us that smart technology is a “double-edged sword”. The negative effects of smart technologies hinder the implementation of RGT. Further analysis reveals an inverted U-shaped relationship between IIOT and RGT preferences. In addition, in companies that focus on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) performance and avoid financial speculation, the dark side of intelligent technology is suppressed. The findings of this study enrich the research scope of smart technology, GT, and provide important insights for enterprises in emerging economies to rationally utilize IIOT to seek green and sustainable development under the wave of rapid development of smart technology.

Heart of the future home: a multidimensional model of inclusive kitchen for older people in the UK

With the development of smart technology and aging societies, the living and housing environments for older people are undergoing transformation. Designers must understand the changing capabilities, lifestyles, preferences, and inspirations of older people for their future homes, in which the kitchen is seen as the heart. To gain a deeper understanding of the requirements of older people in promoting healthier lifestyles and inclusive daily practices, the authors identified five key factors of kitchen design through a literature review, developing an initial model. Subsequently, a focus group was conducted in the UK to explore the perspectives and expectations of older people, where metaphors for future kitchens were collected, and further insights were used to refine the model. The refined model for a future-inclusive kitchen encompasses six dimensions: Environment/space, Technology/interaction, Emotion/affect, Health and safety, Human factors and well-being, and Sustainability. Through using metaphors, this study offers a multidimensional lens to investigate the future user experience of inclusive kitchens. The significance of this study lies in the originality of combining a literature review, and user study with design metaphors. A future-proof inclusive kitchen design model is proposed to provide guidance for future design directions of age-friendly environments.

Large Nonhysteretic Volume Magnetostriction in a Strong and Ductile High-Entropy Alloy.

Rapid development of smart technologies poses a big challenge for magnetostrictive materials, which should not only permit isotropic and hysteresis-free actuation (i.e., nonhysteretic volume change) in magnetic fields, but also have high strength and high ductility. Unfortunately, the magnetostriction from self-assembly of ferromagnetic domains is volume-conserving; the volume magnetostriction from field-induced first-order phase transition has large intrinsic hysteresis; and most prototype magnetostrictive materials are intrinsically brittle. Here, a magnetic high-entropy alloy (HEA) Fe35Co35Al10Cr10Ni10 is reported that can rectify these challenges, exhibiting an unprecedented combination of large nonhysteretic volume magnetostriction, high tensile strength and large elongation strain, over a wide working temperature range from room temperature down to 100 K. Its exceptional properties stem from a dual-phase microstructure, where the face-centered cubic (FCC) matrix phase with nanoscale compositional and structural fluctuations can enable a magnetic-field-induced transition from low-spin small-volume state to high-spin large-volume state, and the ordered body-centered cubic (BCC) B2 phase contributes to mechanical strengthening. The present findings may provide insights into designing unconventional and technologically important magnetostrictive materials.

Development of Light-Scribing Process Using L-Ascorbic Acid for Graphene Micro-Supercapacitor.

The rapid development of smart technologies is accelerating the growing demand for microscale energy storage devices. This work reports a facile and practical approach to fabricating interdigitated graphene micro-patterns through the LSC process accompanied by the l-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and preheating treatment. Our work offered a higher degree of GO reduction than the conventional microfabrication. It significantly shortened the overall processing time to obtain the micro-patterns with improved electrical and electrochemical performances. The interdigitated MSC composed of 16 electrodes exhibited a high capacitance of 14.1 F/cm3, energy density of 1.78 mWh/cm3, and power density of 69.9 mW/cm3. Furthermore, the fabricated MSC device demonstrated excellent cycling stability of 88.2% after 10,000 GCD cycles and a high rate capability of 81.1% at a current density of 1.00 A/cm3. The fabrication process provides an effective means for producing high-performance MSCs for miniaturized electronic devices.

A Systematic Review of Information Systems Association with Smart Technology from 3G to 5G

The rapid evolution of telecommunications technology from 3G to 5G has profoundly impacted the landscape of smart technology and information systems. This systematic review examines the association between these technologies, focusing on the transformative effects of advancements in telecommunications. We explore the integration of information systems with smart devices, highlighting how each generation of telecommunications technology has enhanced connectivity and enabled more sophisticated applications across various sectors. Key areas of focus include healthcare, transportation, and industrial automation. In healthcare, advancements have facilitated remote patient monitoring, telemedicine, and wearable health devices. In transportation, the evolution from GPS-based navigation to real-time traffic management and autonomous vehicles is discussed. In industrial automation, the role of smart sensors and IoT devices in predictive maintenance and process optimization is analyzed. This review synthesizes existing literature, providing a comprehensive understanding of how the progression from 3G to 5G has driven innovation and efficiency in these fields. Methodologically, we adhered to PRISMA guidelines, conducting a thorough search of academic databases to identify relevant studies. Our findings underscore the significant impact of each telecommunications generation on the development and implementation of smart technology and information systems. The transition to 5G, in particular, represents a transformative leap, offering unprecedented data speeds, ultra-low latency, and massive connectivity. This review concludes by discussing future perspectives and the potential for further advancements in telecommunications to enhance the integration of information systems with smart technology. By providing a detailed overview, this study contributes to the understanding of the dynamic relationship between telecommunications advancements and smart technology development.

Development of a model of the information and analytical system for making decisions on detecting failures of information transmission channels

The object of the research is the channels of information transmission during the control of the information-analytical decision-making system. The development of high technologies and computing capabilities ensures the evolutionary development of smart technologies and socio-cyber-physical systems on the one hand. On the other hand, it forms the integration of targeted (mixed) attacks with the possibility of integration with social engineering methods. In addition, mobile technologies significantly increase the possibilities of data transmission speed. However, this only provides the authentication service, which does not provide a full range of security services. Under such conditions, an urgent task at the decision-making stage is the use of auxiliary systems that ensure the adequacy of decisions and the promptness of their adoption. The proposed mathematical model of the information and analytical system allows to calculate the main technical characteristics of information transmission channels and identify their possible failures. The use of an information and analytical system simplifies the decision-making process, allows to increase the reliability of such decisions due to an increase in the level of automation. Increasing the level of automation in the decision-making process removes subjective factors and the decision depends on the availability of information. Therefore, the reliability of the information transmission channels of the information and analytical system significantly affects the quality of the decisions made. The developed model allows to ensure the required level of reliability of information transmission channels. The obtained results are explained by determining the dependence between the parameters of the information and analytical system and their influence on the quality of information transmission through channels. The results of the study can be used in practice when considering systems with a limited number of states during operation

Research on Innovative Vocational Education for Disabled College Students Empowered by Smart Technologies in the Perspective of New Productive Forces

The rapid development of smart technologies in the field of education presents a transformative opportunity for vocational education for disabled college students. This group faces multidimensional challenges such as personalized learning needs, information access and effective communication, psychological health and self-esteem maintenance, social integration and identity recognition, as well as teacher training and professional development. This study, based on a sample of 100 disabled students from Zhejiang Special Education Vocational College, employs literature review, case analysis, and empirical research. Through personalized learning and support, barrier-free communication and interaction, emotional care and psychological counseling, social practice and inclusive education, as well as optimization of teaching staff and sharing of resources strategies, a smart solution is designed to improve the learning ecosystem, optimize the learning environment, and broaden career pathways.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES IN MANAGING THE SECURITY OF A MODERN CITY

The article examines current challenges related to ensuring security and efficient functioning of urban infrastructure. The author analyzes the potential of smart technologies, such as video surveillance, data analytics, artificial intelligence and the Internet of things, in the context of creating innovative solutions for the management and development of the urban environment. The history of urban safety management, ethical and legal issues, as well as prospects for the development of smart technologies in this area, including smart transport management, the use of Big Data and analytics, the development of drones and autonomous systems, and the creation of ethical standards are briefly described.

Intelligent and sustainable waste classification model based on multi-objective beluga whale optimization and deep learning.

Resource recycling is considered necessary for sustainable development, especially in smart cities where increased urbanization and the variety of waste generated require the development of automated waste management models. The development of smart technology offers a possible alternative to traditional waste management techniques that are proving insufficient to reduce the harmful effects of trash on the environment. This paper proposes an intelligent waste classification model to enhance the classification of waste materials, focusing on the critical aspect of waste classification. The proposed model leverages the InceptionV3 deep learning architecture, augmented by multi-objective beluga whale optimization (MBWO) for hyperparameter optimization. In MBWO, sensitivity and specificity evaluation criteria are integrated linearly as the objective function to find the optimal values of the dropout period, learning rate, and batch size. A benchmark dataset, namely TrashNet is adopted to verify the proposed model's performance. By strategically integrating MBWO, the model achieves a considerable increase in accuracy and efficiency in identifying waste materials, contributing to more effective waste management strategies while encouraging sustainable waste management practices. The proposed intelligent waste classification model outperformed the state-of-the-art models with an accuracy of 97.75%, specificity of 99.55%, F1-score of 97.58%, and sensitivity of 98.88%.

A New Approach towards a User-Driven Coastal Climate Service to Enhance Climate Resilience in European Cities

Coastal climate services play a crucial role in developing customised climate information for diverse end-users and stakeholders. To build climate-resilient societies, decision-makers should be empowered through easy access to powerful tools that enable timely adaptation to future and ongoing hazards. For this reason, fit-for-purpose climate services are needed to conduct accurate historical characterisation and projections for interpretative studies on climate- and water-related risks at the local coastal scale. The EU-funded SCORE project (Smart Control of Climate Resilience in European Coastal Cities) utilises climate and marine services for the development of smart technologies that support nature-based solutions to address specific concerns, including rising sea levels, coastal erosion, and coastal flooding due to extreme weather events. As part of the SCORE project, decision-makers will be able to address climate change-related coastal effects in their own cities through novel participatory approaches (Coastal City Living Labs—CCLLs). As part of this framework, this work (i) discusses the main requirements for the identification of fit-for-purpose coastal climate services for local-scale impact studies in European coastal cities based on CCLL requests and prior knowledge and (ii) provides relevant parameters and features that fulfil the users’ needs.

Development of Smart Technologies in Education in the Context of Modern Neuroscience and the War in Ukraine

The article examines the problem of interdependence of post-industrial society and the level of education based on the study of scientific and periodical sources. The meaning of the concept of "smart education" is clarified, its main elements are described. Studying the development of smart education in different regions of the world, conclusions are made about the impact of economic inequality and objective negative processes such as war. On the other hand, if previously weaker states involved the elements of intelligent education at a slow pace, today the acceleration of this pace is dictated by the objective world situation. The topicality of the topic is confirmed by the global focus on education problems, since today the crisis demonstrated the practically underdeveloped mechanism of smart education in all countries, which in difficult conditions was the most unbalanced, and in some regions was absent at all. The practical significance of the article is that the conclusions about the application of neuroscientific analysis of smart technologies, especially foreign ones, can be used in the smart concept of our country.

Technology of the photobiostimulation of the brain's drainage system during sleep for improvement of learning and memory in male mice.

In this study on healthy male mice using confocal imaging of dye spreading in the brain and its further accumulation in the peripheral lymphatics, we demonstrate stronger effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the brain's drainage system in sleeping vs. awake animals. Using the Pavlovian instrumental transfer probe and the 2-objects-location test, we found that the 10-day course of PBM during sleep vs. wakefulness promotes improved learning and spatial memory in mice. For the first time, we present the technology for PBM under electroencephalographic (EEG) control that incorporates modern state of the art facilities of optoelectronics and biopotential detection and that can be built of relatively cheap and commercially available components. These findings open a new niche in the development of smart technologies for phototherapy of brain diseases during sleep.

Recent Work on the Recovery of Rare Earths Using Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

With the development of smart technologies, the use of rare-earth elements (REEs) has been widespread; thus, their importance as valuable and strategic metals has been boosted to levels never known before. Due to their scarcity in the Earth’s crust, the recovery of these elements from secondary resources has also witnessed further developments. Traditional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processing techniques, though widely used in the recovery of these REEs, have some environmental drawbacks; thus, new recovery approaches are under development. Here, Solvometallurgy has emerged as an environmentally friendly technology, and ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents have turned out to be first-line chemicals to be used in the different unit operations employed in solvometallurgical processing, i.e., leaching, liquid–liquid extraction, ion exchange (adsorption), precipitation, and electrolysis. This manuscript reviews the most recent literature (2002–June 2023) concerning the use of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in the recovery of REEs from various sources.

INVESTING IN INTELLIGENT SMART CITY TECHNOLOGIES

Modern information and communication technologies are becoming the basis for a new quality of cities, the organisation of a comfortable living space in cities, improving the quality of life of the population, ensuring sustainable development and improving technology as a tool for implementing these tasks. The implementation of all these measures requires significant investments, which makes it necessary to find various ways of diversifying financial sources and mechanisms. The purpose of the article is to identify modern investment processes in the development of smart technologies of the world's smart cities in the conditions of large-scale digitalisation. Methodology. Graphic visualization methods are used to characterize trends in the penetration of the latest ICT technologies into the life of cities, the growth of the ICT market in smart cities, including 5G technologies. The methods of system analysis and generalisation allowed to determine the main directions of investment in smart city technologies and to identify the processes of formation of the newest forms of investment. Practical implications. The generalisation of the smart city practice made it possible to identify the following basic technologies necessary for the formation of a smart city ecosystem: Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), Big Data, cloud computing, etc. These technologies are used to improve the quality of life, increase the efficiency of the economy and infrastructure, ensure community safety and promote the sustainable development of the smart city. These key areas require significant investment: communications infrastructure (5G network); traffic management systems; energy efficiency; security and surveillance systems; electronic service management. Global investment in smart city technology is predicted to increase many times over in the coming years. Value/originality. The need to attract significant investment in the development of the city's digital infrastructure has led to the emergence of the latest financial technologies that have widened the range of opportunities: direct investment, venture capital, corporate investment, corporate partnerships, state and local funds, crowdfunding, bonds, fintech, blockchain, etc.

Transmission Attenuation Evaluation of Noise Suppression Sheet for 5G and Beyond

To support the development of smart technology, such as the Internet of Things, smart devices, and smart manufacturing, 5G and beyond mobile communication systems will utilize higher frequencies. Accordingly, the number and types of network devices will increase, and how to suppress electromagnetic interference in such small wireless communication terminals will be an important issue. As one of the essential technologies, a noise suppression sheet needs to be developed to minimize electromagnetic interference problems in the new frequency bands. Here, we have developed a method to evaluate the transmission attenuation characteristics of noise suppression sheets up to 60 GHz, with reference to the IEC standard (IEC62333-2: below 6 GHz). To confirm its practicality, a systematic demonstration was performed by measuring commercially available noise suppression sheets under various conditions. The mechanism of the transmission attenuation effect in a wide frequency range, including an unexpected effect due to surface modes, is investigated based on material properties and electromagnetic simulations.

On the post-pandemic travel boom: How capacity building and smart tourism technologies in rural areas can help - evidence from Iran

While there have been numerous studies investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism, few research projects have examined the impact of the outbreak on using smart tourism technologies (STT), especially in developing countries. This study adopted thematic analysis, with data collected using in-person interviews. The participants for the study were selected using the snow-balling technique. We explored the process of developing smart technologies during the pandemic and its impact on smart rural tourism technology development upon travel restart. The subject was investigated by focusing on five selected villages in central Iran which have tourism dependent economies. Overall, the results indicated that the pandemic partially changed the government's resistance towards the fast development of smart technologies. Thus, the role of smart technologies in curbing the virus spread was officially recognized. This change of policy led to the implementation of Capacity Building (CB) programs to improve digital literacy and minimize the digital gap that exists between urban and rural areas in Iran. Implementing CB programs during the pandemic directly and indirectly contributed to the digitalization of rural tourism. Implementing such programs enhanced tourism stakeholders' individual and institutional capacity to gain access to and creatively use STT in rural area. The results of this study improve our understanding and knowledge of the impact of crises on the degree of acceptability and use of STT in traditional rural societies.

Unearthing the barriers of Internet of Things adoption in food supply chain: A developing country perspective

The food industry substantially contributes to global economic and social development despite several complications such as food safety and security, traceability, food quality, etc. These challenges could be resolved through the recent developments in smart technologies including Internet-of-Things (IoT). IoT is unique technology that have the potential to solve numerous Food Supply Chain (FSC) challenges such as product traceability, food safety and security etc. However, adoption of the IoT in the FSC poses significant challenges, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, this study explores the barriers that hinder IoT adoption in the FSC. In order to fulfil this objective, fourteen barriers related to the adoption of IoT in the FSC are identified through the literature review. These barriers are analysed with the fuzzy Delphi method in consultation with the expert team. Through the fuzzy Delphi method, twelve significant barriers have been finalised that need to be overcome for the development of an IoT-enabled FSC. These barriers include the complex framework, IoT affordability, poor IT infrastructure, legal and regulatory standards, low awareness about IoT benefits, lack of skilled personnel, trust management, absence of knowledge management system, data heterogeneity, high investment and maintenance cost and IoT supplier scarcity. The findings of this study are helpful for FSC managers to make their supply chain digitalised by overcoming these barriers. Further, the policy planner could analyse their food supply chain in the context of the identified barriers to understand their cause so that they could better prepare themselves to adopt IoT.

Design and fabrication of NiTi shape memory alloy/aramid composite fabric for thermal protective clothing

Developing fabrics with enhanced thermal protection is a cutting-edge topic in area of thermal protective clothing (TPC) for workers under heat hazards. Here, temperature-responsive NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) filaments, which transform into a sinusoid form under a stimulus of temperature exceeding their austenite start temperature of 45.1 °C, were prepared. Nine composite fabrics (CFs) using SMA filaments and aramid yarns, different in filament interval, air gap orientation, aramid yarn type and fabric density, were fabricated and incorporated into traditional three-layer TPC fabric system, resulting in a four-layer smart fabric system (SFS) with adaptive structure. Thermal protective performance (TPP) tests demonstrated the addition of CF could significantly slow down the rise of temperature at skin surface and prolong the time to the first-degree burn. With the decrease of filament interval or increase of fabric density, TPP of SFS was improved due to more heat accumulation within and less heat conduction through the fabric. This study would inspire engineering CFs with enhanced TPP, thus pushing forward the development of smart technology in textile engineering.

Features of the Application of Smart Technologies for the Development of Various Directions of Design Education

The current increase in requirements for designers in various professional fields is due to the challenges posed by globalization and the informatization of modern society as the main trends in its development. The integration of modern technologies into the structure of designers' professional activities requires a revision of approaches to the professional training of both future design professionals and artists in general. The article aims to study the theoretical foundations and certain practical aspects of the application of SMART technologies in the design education of HEIs of technical and humanitarian orientation. Methodology. The study applied analytical and bibliographic, systemic and structural, comparative, logical, and linguistic methods, analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction in the processing of scientific information on the use of SMART technologies in design education. Moreover, the methods of abstraction and idealization served to study and process statistical and analytical data. Analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction helped to study the scientific literature and summarize the results of the survey. Results. The study examined the theoretical foundations and results of a survey on the concept and main trends of design education, as well as the prerequisites, patterns, and directions of development of SMART technologies in terms of assessing the experience of their use in the educational process in teaching design specialties.