Development Of Self-monitoring Research Articles

SMART technologies in older adult care: a scoping review and guide for caregivers

PurposeA wide gap exists between the innovation and development of self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology (SMART) technologies and the actual adoption by older adults or those caring for them. This paper aims to increase awareness of available technologies and describes their suitability for older adults with different needs. SMART technologies are intelligent devices and systems that enable autonomous monitoring of their status, data analysis or direct feedback provision.Design/methodology/approachThis is a scoping review of SMART technologies used and marketed to older adults or for providing care.FindingsFive categories of SMART technologies were identified: (1) wearable technologies and smart tools of daily living; (2) noninvasive/unobtrusive technology (i.e. passive technologies monitoring the environment, health and behavior); (3) complex SMART systems; (4) interactive technologies; (5) assistive and rehabilitation devices. Technologies were then linked with needs related to everyday practical tasks (mainly applications supporting autonomous, independent living), social and emotional support, health monitoring/managing and compensatory assistance rehabilitation.Research limitations/implicationsWhen developing, testing or implementing technologies for older adults, researchers should clearly identify concrete needs these technologies help meet to underscore their usefulness.Practical implicationsOlder adults and caregivers should weigh the pros and cons of different technologies and consider the key needs of older adults before investing in any tech solution.Social implicationsSMART technologies meeting older adult needs help support both independent, autonomous life for as long as possible as well as aiding in the transition to assisted or institutionalized care.Originality/valueThis is the first review to explicitly link existing SMART technologies with the concrete needs of older adults, serving as a useful guide for both older adults and caregivers in terms of available technology solutions.

Самостоятельная работа учащихся на уроках окружающего мира

The article discusses the organization of independent testing work of younger schoolchildren in the study of the subject “The World Around Us”. The authors discuss the implementation of the possibility of using different types of independent learning activities to clarify and systematize knowledge, their application in non-standard situations, improve universal learning activities, as well as the development of self-monitoring and self-assessment of students.

Самостоятельная работа учащихся на уроках окружающего мира

The article discusses the organization of independent testing work of younger schoolchildren in the study of the subject “The World Around Us”. The authors discuss the implementation of the possibility of using different types of independent learning activities to clarify and systematize knowledge, their application in non-standard situations, improve universal learning activities, as well as the development of self-monitoring and self-assessment of students.

Early development of turn-taking with parents shapes vocal acoustics in infant marmoset monkeys.

In humans, vocal turn-taking is a ubiquitous form of social interaction. It is a communication system that exhibits the properties of a dynamical system: two individuals become coupled to each other via acoustic exchanges and mutually affect each other. Human turn-taking develops during the first year of life. We investigated the development of vocal turn-taking in infant marmoset monkeys, a New World species whose adult vocal behaviour exhibits the same universal features of human turn-taking. We find that marmoset infants undergo the same trajectory of change for vocal turn-taking as humans, and do so during the same life-history stage. Our data show that turn-taking by marmoset infants depends on the development of self-monitoring, and that contingent parental calls elicit more mature-sounding calls from infants. As in humans, there was no evidence that parental feedback affects the rate of turn-taking maturation. We conclude that vocal turn-taking by marmoset monkeys and humans is an instance of convergent evolution, possibly as a result of pressures on both species to adopt a cooperative breeding strategy and increase volubility.

What's ahead in glucose monitoring?

PREVIEWThe discovery of insulin in 1922 and the development of self-monitoring of blood glucose levels in 1978 mark the two greatest advances in the management of diabetes mellitus in the 20th century. As the new millennium dawns, important strides are being made in glucose monitoring that allow collection of better data to guide diabetes management. In this article, Drs Bode, Sabbah, and Davidson discuss the latest technological advances, including streamlined, easy-to-use meters and development of continuous glucose monitoring systems.

Detecting Faults in Posttensioning Ducts by Electrical Time-Domain Reflectometry

A series of laboratory-based experiments is described in which an electrical time-domain reflectometry (ETDR) system is used to locate, identify, and size a number of different artificial voids and wet sections in ducts filled with sand and containing a variety of steel cables. The echo waveforms were digitized using an ETDR instrumentation system and the signals passed to a computer for storage and processing. Data analysis using simple regression techniques, in conjunction with simple transmission line theory, suggests that a system based on the same principles could be used to identify and size similar voids in posttensioning ducts used to carry prestressing cables in load-bearing concrete structures such as bridges, retaining walls, and load-bearing platforms. Although considerably more research into the usefulness of this technique is required, initial results suggest that ETDR sensors, incorporated into the ductwork at the construction phase, may lead to the development of self-monitoring or so-called smart structures.

Development of Self-Management in an Individual with Mental Retardation

The development of self-management skills in an individual with Down syndrome is explored through ethnographic methodology, including interviews, observations, and document reviews. The culture of the case subject was explored to determine how her home life, family (including her twin brother), schooling, and community experiences have contributed to her abilities to self-regulate. Development of her self-monitoring skills was investigated through the memories of the adults who knew her currently and in the past. Triangulation was accomplished across and within data types and sources. Data analysis employed the constant comparative method (Lincoln & Guba, 1985). The case subject was shown to self-monitor in many ways and in different settings. Her mother's parenting strategies were compared to Vygotsky's developmental theories. Outcomes suggested that culture had a large impact on the development of self-monitoring and that early and continuing intervention and a “practical expectation of normalcy” might be keys in this development.