Development Of Safety Management System Research Articles

A framework to model contractors’ hazard and risk exposure at process plants using unsupervised text mining

Increasing outsourcing of operations in process industries is leading to contractors facing higher exposure to complex processes and machinery. This necessitates development of safety management systems by performing fault detection and diagnosis, accident/failure modelling and risk assessment of contractors’ operations and associated hazards. Unfortunately, limited work has been done in this area. Moreover, in broad process safety domain, using text mining to perform accident modelling and risk assessment has not been fully exploited. We address these research gaps by proposing an unsupervised text mining framework to generate accident/failure models like chain of events and fault trees from investigation reports of contractor incidents. A case study is used to demonstrate the framework where incident investigation reports of contract personnel working at a steel plant in India are analysed using a combination of topic modelling and association rule mining. Twenty sequences of basic events are identified as major chains of events. These chains of events are then combined using logic rules to generate fault trees depicting all possible propagation paths of contractor safety failures leading to top events. Our framework enables generation of chain of events and fault trees from unstructured incident reports with minimal human supervision with accuracy of 81%.

Guest Editorial: More Than Just Talk What Senior Leaders Must Do To Drive Safety Performance Improvement

_ Over the past few decades, the upstream oil and gas industry has demonstrated marked improvement in safety performance as measured by traditional lagging indicators. This success has been supported by the development of safety management systems, improved training and equipment, as well as numerous guides on the most critical component: safety leadership. Organizations such as the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP), Step Change in Safety, and Center for Offshore Safety (COS), to name a few, provide guidance and encourage leadership to actively participate in driving the message and expectations around leadership engagement on safety. The SPE Technical Report Getting to Zero and Beyond: The Path Forward (March 2018) states that to achieve a culture of perfection, actions must be led from the top. In the context referenced in this article, leaders are those individuals in senior positions who are recognized by their organization as having responsibility for operations and can commit financial resources to reduce risk (the US Federal Aviation Administration would call this person an “accountable executive” per the regulations). Many leaders commit to the aspiration of no harm to people, but they may need help on the substance and actions that will make a difference. The guidance documents from the organizations and technical report listed above provide sound foundations for messaging, as well as what follows in this article. The authors have had robust experience in safety culture and performance improvement, and where it succeeds or fails. Start With the Basics The first thing leaders must do is provide a Statement of Organizational Intent (SOI). An SOI starts with, but goes well beyond, the aspiration of No Harm. The SOI should cover what operational leaders will do to help improve the safety culture. This should be specific to the needs of the organization and include an honest assessment of the current state of safety. It is vital to understand what is going on at the front lines: (a) why are incidents occurring, and (b) what are the trends of the failures. The SOI will move past the superficial view that “incident rates are too high and therefore, we must do better.” There is a need for more information on performance beyond the traditional lagging indicators of incident rates. A good starting point is adding near misses, observations, and incidents with a high potential for serious outcome. Beyond that, leaders need to identify measures of inputs that make a difference in performance. Traditionally this may have meant something like training hours, but that assumes the training is effective. The measures must include a view of strategic plans and implementation progress. A means of tracking and verification of progress is needed as well. Senior leadership then must routinely, and personally, follow up on the progress and hold the organization accountable for following through to completion. If not, there can be elements within the organization who will simply wait out the strategies, knowing there is no consequence for lack of participation.

ZDOKONAĽOVANIE METODIKY VYŠETROVANIA NEHÔD - EFEKTÍVNEJŠIA PREVENCIA A ZLEPŠENÁ KULTÚRA BEZPEČNOSTI

Investigation of major accidents, breakdowns and other unforeseen events involving hazardous substances is one of the most important tools for the efficient and effective development of safety management systems. This should be encountered in any management system operated by businesses, either as a specification of the used standard or as a description of various guidelines. These regulations apply to accidents, major accidents, and malfunctions involving the release of hazardous substances. However, they do not refer to the investigation of events outside a normal operation that do not involve the discharge of hazardous substances. It is, therefore, necessary to investigate incidents thoroughly and logically in order to prevent the occurrence of similar incidents and to provide lessons that will develop the further safety-conscious activities of employees.

화력발전소 노내비계 작업자 안전성 향상을 위한 안전 관리 시스템 개발

화력발전소 노내비계 작업자 안전성 향상을 위한 안전 관리 시스템 개발

Modeling Pedestrian Behavior in Rail Transit Terminal

This paper concerns a review of the existing research in pedestrian behavior in rail transit terminal. A comprehensive review of the existing method and model are looking at the parameters of the pedestrian behavior and flow in relation to the pedestrian interaction and evacuation planning in rail transit terminal. It is shown in the review that a lack of an overall and detailed consideration of pedestrian behavior studies along the area of rail transit terminal in Malaysia. The necessity to integrate transportation engineering and pedestrian model is important where it will be a start to an upcoming research related to a development of safety management system of pedestrian in term of evacuation strategies and performances in rail transit. This can be a reference point for the traffic engineer to design walking infrastructures for many other public transit areas in Malaysia.

Application of the Seveso Directive in France

First, the paper presents a brief summary of the French actual regulation on installations registered for the protection of the environment and covered by the Seveso I Directive. Then the paper discusses research and development needs for a sound implementation of the Directive, and for the new requirements on safety reports established by the Seveso II Directive. Further, it discusses issues connected with coverage of hazardous activities, learning from accidents, technical and organisational measures (safety management systems and emergency response) and human factors. The conclusions stress the need for networking and dissemination of accident investigations, development of safety management systems, and research on cognitive ergonomics and psychology related to the decision making and interventions of the operator.