Development Of Rural People Research Articles

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF HELP GROUPS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

Development of a nation is very much dependent on the development of rural people. Today, the real problem faced by every developing country like India is the poverty. Nearly half of the available human resource in India is women. Majority of them are living in rural areas and most of them are illiterates and are below poverty line. Besides this in comparison to urban women, rural women have limited access to all kinds of resources such as education, transportation, training, financial support, availability of current information etc. but have more hidden talents, which have to be bought in to light. Hence, there is need to change their capacity to work by giving them the necessary trainings on income generating activities, bringing their talents into light, supporting them with financial facilities, giving them marketing knowledge, current information etc. which helps in increasing knowledge, enriching their skills and improve their economic status.

Study on the Impact of the Nationwide Rural Road Connectivity Programme in India (PMGSY) on the Socio-Economic Status of the Rural People under Wozhuro Rural Development Block, Wokha District, Nagaland, India

Rural road connectivity plays a significant role in the socio-economic growth and development of rural people by providing them access to basic amenities for a better livelihood. A study was conducted under the Wozhuro R.D. Block in Wokha district to find out the socio-economic impact of PMGSY road connectivity on rural livelihoods. A purposive random sampling design was used for the selection of respondents. A total of 100 respondents from three villages comprised the sample for the study. A structured interview schedule was developed, and data was collected through the personal interview technique. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, and the correlation coefficient were used for analysing the data obtained. The findings showed that rural roads had a great impact on both farm and non-farm sectors. The dependent variable, income generation, was found to have a positive and significant relationship with the independent variables, family size (r=0.20**) and land holding (r=0.27**). Also, farm benefits were found to have a positive and significant relationship with land holding (r=0.39**) and annual income (r=0.66**), and non-farm benefits (health r=0.44** and education r=0.70**) with annual income, respectively.

​​Research Prioritization in Indian Livestock Sector: A Policy Appraisal

Background: Livestock makes multi-faceted contribution to socio-economic development of rural people. However, challenges exist in exploiting the opportunities offered by this sector. Focused research efforts will be a key factor in addressing these challenges. There is a need for a critical and objective evaluation of livestock research priorities at the regional, species and commodity-specific levels so as to ensure optimum use of scarce resources. This study was aimed to identify regional, species and commodity wise priorities for allocation of livestock research resources. Methods: The study used multi-criteria scoring model incorporating the multiple objectives for making choices. The objectives included were growth, equity, sustainability and participation in trade. Such scoring models are used to rank a long list of commodities, research alternatives and target domains. Result: The study identified regional, species and commodity priorities for allocation of livestock research resources. Significant tradeoffs in the priority rankings of states were revealed when equity and sustainability indicators were considered. Species-wise prioritization including all the criteria revealed that cattle and buffalo stake the highest claims on research resources. The study also revealed inter-regional variations in allocation of research resources based upon species.

Government Policies & Rural Development – An Enabler Modelling for Indian Rural Markets

The aim of this paper which has a direct impact on the development of rural people. Another objective is to identify interrelationships among them along with their driver and dependence power, with special reference to India, where government policies identified have a special role to play. A total of 13 enablers were identified on the basis of focused group discussions and interviews with experts from academics and industry. Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) and fuzzy MICMAC analysis were used to identify levels of hierarchical relationship among the drivers. In this study, a model is developed which depicts the interactions among various drivers that attract companies to enter rural markets and expand if already present in these markets. The findings show that government policies and regulations are some of the most important drivers in rural markets. This research contributes to the extant literature by providing fresh insights into type of hierarchical relationships existing among drivers which will useful to academicians and practitioners engrossed in rural markets and rural growth. The paper also foresees a sociological development through these enablers.

Level of Rural Development in Burdwan and Murshidabad Districts, West Bengal: A Comparative Study

The key purpose of this research is to examine the level of attainment of rural development in the two districts—Burdwan and Murshidabad. The reasons for selecting these two districts stems from the fact that majority of the population of these two districts dwell in rural areas. The concept of rural development is comprehensive. It includes economic development of rural people through the development of productive sectors and employment associated with rural infrastructural development as well human development. Therefore, rural development includes in its domain all the aspects of human development of the rural people. The present Central as well as State Governments have undertaken different policies and plans to bring about positive changes amidst the rural people. In most cases, however, the policies and plans fail to achieve the desired level of changes in the rural areas (Desai, 1991). Although in fewer isolated cases, some success has been achieved, but overall development remains to be reached. This research, based mainly on secondary data aims to investigate the scale of progress in the two districts —Burdwan and Murshidabad of West Bengal, India, in the areas embracing social correlates of rural poverty, basic infrastructure facilities, standard of living and quality of life. The data are analysed with the help of statistical and cartographical analysis.

Financial Inclusion and Rural Development – The Role of India Post

Financial service at affordable cost to the marginalized and disadvantageous segments of the society is the basic objective of financial inclusion and development of rural people. Despite so many efforts by the Reserve Bank of India, Commercial Banks and other financial institutions nearly 50% of the population of India is still out of banking facilities which is a deep concern of all round socio-economic development of our country. India Post with its more than 150 years of experience and vast network of branches, if permitted, can play an important role in providing financial services in every corner of the country. The present step of seeking license for ‘Post Bank of India’ by the India Post is an attempt in this direction. In the present paper an attempt has been made to highlight the role of India Post in the development of rural people by fulfilling the financial inclusion agenda of the Government.

Amalgamation of PRIs and ICT: A Boon for the Downtrodden

One could not learn swimming without entering into the pool. Same is applicable on the success of any developmental programme. It is doubtful to eliminate the underdevelopment of rural India without the active participation of rural folk and local level administration. After the 73rd Constitutional Amendment; states have started to generate the local level participation and essential infrastructure for the socio-economic development of rural people. As a result, these rural development programmes have also started to pick the momentum, which is an unprecedented event. Although positive effects of these programmes have been observed across the country, but their pace shall be hindered by unavoidable factors like lack of participation, lack of awareness and unavailability of information, etc. Therefore, to forfeit such types of constraints ICT can play a vital role and leads to e-democracy.

Performance of Different Financial Institutions in the Perspective of Microfinance in Sitai Block of West Bengal

Microfinance through Self-Help-Groups (SHGs) has become one of the crucial instruments in India for socio-economic development of rural poor masses through the provision of mobilization of savings and accession of micro-credit to generate self employment and income by the groups. The study attempt to scrutinize the performance of different Financial Institutions in connection with phase-wise progress of SHGs from saving linked to project linkage up to the FY 2012–13. The study was conducted in Sitai Block of Cooch Behar district West Bengal. The data was collected through personal interview with the officials of different banks and also from DRDC, Block and Gram Panchayat. The study revealed that under SGSY only one RRB(UBKGB) one CB(CBI) has taken leading role in growth and promotion of SHGs in terms of savings and credit linkage. Although the overall rate of credit linkage to SHGs was more than 80% but the number of 2nd grading and project linkage groups observed less than 40% and the average amount credit disbursement (‘15000) revealed very low. Further, more than 80% of the credit has been disbursed by CBI with a higher recovery. Hence, unequal technical efficiency among the intra and inter bank’ officials co-existed. Investigation on Microfinance sponsored by NABARD revealed the slower progress in all bank branches but recovery percentage was found to be higher than SGSY scheme. Therefore, growth and development of rural people through microfinance under NABARD might be succeeded that harnesses more active participation by financial institutions along with stronger facilitating activity.

Performance of Different Financial Institutions in the Perspective of Microfinance in Sitai Block of West Bengal

Microfinance through Self-Help-Groups (SHGs) has become one of the crucial instruments in India for socio-economic development of rural poor masses through the provision of mobilization of savings and accession of micro-credit to generate self employment and income by the groups. The study attempt to scrutinize the performance of different Financial Institutions in connection with phase-wise progress of SHGs from saving linked to project linkage up to the FY 2012–13. The study was conducted in Sitai Block of Cooch Behar district West Bengal. The data was collected through personal interview with the officials of different banks and also from DRDC, Block and Gram Panchayat. The study revealed that under SGSY only one RRB(UBKGB) one CB(CBI) has taken leading role in growth and promotion of SHGs in terms of savings and credit linkage. Although the overall rate of credit linkage to SHGs was more than 80% but the number of 2nd grading and project linkage groups observed less than 40% and the average amount credit disbursement (‘15000) revealed very low. Further, more than 80% of the credit has been disbursed by CBI with a higher recovery. Hence, unequal technical efficiency among the intra and inter bank’ officials co-existed. Investigation on Microfinance sponsored by NABARD revealed the slower progress in all bank branches but recovery percentage was found to be higher than SGSY scheme. Therefore, growth and development of rural people through microfinance under NABARD might be succeeded that harnesses more active participation by financial institutions along with stronger facilitating activity.

Impact of Joint Forest Management on Socio-economic development of rural people: A case study in Shumeriyal and Doban villages of Kamaraj Forest Division, Kupwara (J&K)

All forest land area in Jammu and Kashmir is State owned and are under the technical and administrative control of the State Forest Department. The department is, therefore, managing these forests in the interest of the State. The State interest has too often been expressed as an extension of the policies of the State and Central Govt. which usually focus on exploitation of these forests for the overall development of the State, as a result of which the local communities which inhabit the forest under exploitation are marginalized. Participatory Forest Management got its formal shape in the year 1990. A need has arise to evaluate the impact of this management tool. 58 VFCs are functioning both with the Social Forestry projects and the territorial wings of the forest departments for the rehabilitation of the forest land of Kupwara District. A study was taken up in Shumeriyal and Doban Village committees to assess the impact of Joint Forest Management on the socio-economic development of rural people and to identify the prime ingredients of this programme responsible for bringing about the desired change. It was observed that the household income has considerable increased due to alternative job opportunities, agriculture production has increased, reduction in distance travelled and time spent for fuelwood and fodder collection and institution building and other constructions (Entry point activities) has paved the way for sustainability of the whole process. For the present study, the two VFCs selected, one VFC (Shumeriyal) which is only 6 kms from the district headquarter Kupwara having the population of 5800 souls and the another VFC (Doban) which is near about 60 kms away from the district headquarter having population of 2740 souls. During the present study it was observed that the Shumeriyal village is more developed than that of Doban village due to proper transport facilities, communication facilities, land productivity, drainage system, education and employment, During the present study it was observed that the forest villages which are near to the District headquarter are well developed than those areas which are far beyond the District headquarter.

Rural Marketing

Definition and domain related issues of ‘rural marketing’ need further clarification and revision. Often, rural marketing is equated with marketing by multinationals in rural India. The extant literature on rural marketing has uncritically used the same theories, models, concepts and frameworks as have been used in the mainstream marketing discipline. So far, rural marketing has not produced its own unique theories, concepts, frameworks and distinct vocabulary. As a result, rural marketing cannot claim the status of a separate subdiscipline within the broader marketing discipline. This article provides a critique of the extant work in rural marketing and its dependence on the mainstream business marketing. It is argued that rural marketing must find its own distinct perspective before theory construction can begin in the field. After reviewing the literature on marketing and economic development, it is proposed that development of rural people should be the perspective of rural marketing. In this article, an outcome based definition and domain of rural marketing is proposed and a few potential areas for theory construction work to begin in the subject are suggested.

The Development of Rural People: Myths and Approaches (The Quaid-i-Azam Lecture)

Most rural populations in underdeveloped countries are poor, no matter how one defines poverty. The rural poor are neither a homogeneous group, nor is the incidence of poverty equally distributed among them. They do, however, share the underlying causes of their poverty. Landlessness (or absence of productive land) and poor prospects of employment at low wage rates are among the major factors. In some regions, the natural and physical environment exacerbates the conditions of poverty, even if the poor have reasonable entitlements to land. The prospects of improved living conditions for the rural poor depend on many factors. The major ones seem to be (a) population growth, (b) technical progress, (c) markets, and (d) public policy environment. The contribution of each of these factors is not easy to identify, because they act on the human condition in an interdependent and complex way. In most underdeveloped countries, the forces of market and government policies tend to work against the rural poor.

L'utilisation de l'énergie dans les régions rurales de l'Inde

L'Inde est un pays de villages : environ 80 % de la population totale vit dans quelque 576 000 villages ! Ces chiffres montrent evidemment l'importance de l'etude de la production et de la consommation d'energie dans le monde rural indien. Ce qui est frappant, c'est que les paysanneries de l'Inde vivent, du point de vue energetique, pratiquement en vase clos. Elles consomment, outre la force de travail de l'homme et des animaux, presque uniquement de l'energie «non commerciale» fournie par le bois de feu, la bouse de vache et les dechets de recolte. Cela represente en tout 146,7 millions de tonnes d'equivalent charbon (M t.e.c.) alors que les energies «commerciales» (charbon, electricite, produits petroliers) ne sont utilisees par les ruraux qu'a concurrence de 9,1 M t.e.c. C'est la situation inverse de celle des villes, ou predominent les energies commerciales (188,1 M te.c. contre 32,7 M t e.c d'energies «traditionnelles»), mais aussi ou la consommation d'energie est beaucoup plus forte (2,03 tonnes e. c. par habitant et par an) qu'a la campagne (0,351 te.c.). ; Le bois de feu provient pour une petite part des forets recensees, qu'elles soient publiques ou privees (9 Mt de bois en 1969-1970), mais surtout de bois coupes un peu partout sur les terres inoccupees, les marges villageoises, etc... (91 Mt). ; La bouse de vache represente des quantites considerables (102,5 Mt, soit 41 Mt e.c.), de meme que les dechets vegetaux (262 millions de tonnes, dont 71 utilises comme combustible). Les principales utilisations de l'energie dans le monde rural indien sont d'abord bien sur l'agriculture proprement dite, qui absorbe notamment de grosses quantites de travail humain et animal, les travaux domestiques et en particulier la cuisine qui reste presque partout, et souvent meme en ville, fondee sur les combustibles traditionnels, les transports, l'eclairage, parfois l'artisanat villageois, etc. ; Le probleme majeur de l'utilisation d'energie dans l'Inde rurale est son inefficacite a tous les niveaux. Aussi le developpement du monde rural en Inde passe-t-il par la mise au point d'une technologie plus rationnelle pour l'emploi des sources d'energie traditionnelles.

Vocational Expectations of Adolescents in Four Deep—South States

Vocational Guidance QuarterlyVolume 19, Issue 3 p. 175-180 Vocational Expectations of Adolescents in Four Deep—South States Arthur Cosby, Arthur CosbySearch for more papers by this authorJ. Steven Picou, J. Steven Picou Assistant Professor Arthur Cosby is Assistant Professor of Sociology and Researcher, S-61 Project at Louisiana State University. J. Steven Picou is Research Assistant, S-61 Project. Field work for this study was sponsored by USDA Project S-61, a project concerned with the development of rural people in 10 southern states. The researchers acknowledge the aid of J. D. Kelley, V. E. Boyd, and J. D. Dunkelberger.Search for more papers by this author Arthur Cosby, Arthur CosbySearch for more papers by this authorJ. Steven Picou, J. Steven Picou Assistant Professor Arthur Cosby is Assistant Professor of Sociology and Researcher, S-61 Project at Louisiana State University. J. Steven Picou is Research Assistant, S-61 Project. Field work for this study was sponsored by USDA Project S-61, a project concerned with the development of rural people in 10 southern states. The researchers acknowledge the aid of J. D. Kelley, V. E. Boyd, and J. D. Dunkelberger.Search for more papers by this author First published: March 1971 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-585X.1971.tb01960.xCitations: 10 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume19, Issue3March 1971Pages 175-180 RelatedInformation