Development Of Residential Buildings Research Articles

Development of Residential Buildings in the City of Ibb: An Approach towards Enhancing Urban Environment

يهدف البحث الى : تقديم مساهمة في حل مشاكل الاحتياج الزائد لإسكان ذوي الدخل المحدود ،ووضع الخطط والحلولالتي من شأنها مواكبة التسارع العمراني الكبير ،ومراعاة الخصائص الطبيعية والثقافية لمدينة إب .وقد تم تقسيم البحث إلى جزئين ،تناول الجزء الأول : الدراسة النظرية لمدينة اب ،وتناول الجزء الثاني : الدراسة الميدانية ، حيث يقدم تحليلا تبولوجياللانماطالمعمارية السائدة في المدينة وفقا لتغيرات المراحل الزمنية الثلاث ( مرحلة العمارة التقليدية – مرحلة مابعدثورة 26سبتمبر –وصولا الى مرحلة مابعدقيام الوحدة اليمنية 1990م .وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها ان احد اهم المشكلات التي تواجهها عمليات تطوير قطاع الإسكان وذوي الدخل المحدود هي ارتفاع تكلفة الإسكان وقلة مصادر التمويل.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Rural Residential Carbon Emissions Under the Background of Dual Carbon Target

This paper studies the carbon emission of rural residential buildings under the background of ' double carbon target '. Based on the characteristics of rural residential buildings and the current situation of carbon emission, the literature research method is used to identify the residential characteristics, enclosure structure, family situation, lifestyle, energy consumption equipment, renewable energy utilization and agricultural production function. The carbon emission influencing factors of 21 rural residential buildings in the use stage of rural residential buildings are helpful to evaluate the carbon emission of buildings more accurately, provide the basis for formulating carbon emission reduction strategies, and promote the sustainable development of rural residential buildings. It is of great significance.

MODERN ARCHITECTURAL FORMATION AND 3D PRINTING OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

The article is devoted to the analysis and research of modern practical experience of designing residential objects in the urban environment. The conceptual foundations of the architectural design of modern residential buildings and complexes are considered. Features of modern architectural form-making and 3-D printing of residential objects are determined. It was determined that the architectural concepts of modern residential objects should be built based on the connection of several directions (ecology, urban planning, architecture of buildings and structures with the introduction of landscape design tools) and methods of modern shaping. It has been established that the shaping of modern residential objects is a process of implementing the design model of the building, which includes the choice of assembling form elements and subsystems of the building into a single system. It has been established that the architectural design of modern residential objects is based on the requirements and methods of creation that include: the algorithm of the process of forming the shape of a modern residential building, the interaction of subsystems of a residential building, the selection of the dominant subsystem with its reflection on the external form of the building, the type of basic form, the characteristic methods of forming the shape of a modern residential building, the compositional interaction between the elements of the architectural form of a modern residential building. The article pays attention to the modern theory of architectural space. The authors outline the ways of system improvement of modern residential buildings in the future. The impact of the latest technologies on the main parameters of modern residential objects has been revealed. Four directions of development of modern residential buildings and complexes in the urban environment in the future have been identified. These directions are related to the application of innovative technologies, new building materials, functional intensification of the infrastructure of the residential environment, creation of multifunctional residential objects, development of large-scale characteristics of buildings, use of natural components in the architectural design of modern residential objects. Prospective techniques for improving the formation of local residential units are defined. Keywords: architecture, modern housing, formation, infrastructure, new technologies, 3-D printing, urban environment.

Exploring the design of ecological and energy-saving residential buildings adapted to climate change based on a simulated annealing algorithm

Abstract In the context of the digital development of big data and information in recent years, performance-based residential building design and its optimization methods have gradually become a research hotspot of domestic and international attention. The simulated annealing algorithm is a major component of residential buildings’ optimal energy efficiency design. Although the crossover operator under the computational traditional simulated annealing algorithm incorporates the respective advantages of the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, the purely optimal genetic simulated annealing algorithm is more effective for the evaluation of index analysis and better reflects the superiority of the algorithm. In the Energy Plus model, the three algorithms were used to analyze the design indexes of ecological energy-efficient residential buildings, and the SS values of the MOSA algorithm fluctuated between 10% and 24%, and the performance of the recommended genetic simulated annealing algorithm was significantly better than the other two algorithms. This study effectively solves the difficulties of low efficiency and high failure rate common in design practice when using this technique and is of historical importance to the development of energy-efficient residential buildings in China.

Knowledge, Attitude, And Challenges of High-Rise Building Community Towards Waste Segregation and Recycling Practice in Metropolitan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

The increasing population of modern cities contributes to the development of more residential high-rise buildings as well as waste management challenges. Recycling and waste separation can be a challenge in high rise apartment buildings due to the high volume of residents and limited space for waste management. Therefore, the objectives of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and challenges of high-rise building communities towards waste segregation and recycling. Using cross-sectional analysis, online questionnaires were distributed to target respondents in Sentul Kuala Lumpur. Data were collected from 375 residents of high-rise buildings. The results show that the high-rise community has modest knowledge (57%) and challenges (61%) to practice waste sorting and recycling, however, showed a good attitude (81%) towards it. Waste separation and recycling were influenced by sociodemographic factors of education (p = 0.05), ownership (p = 0.02), marital status (p = 0.01), and floor of living (p = 0.02). There is positive correlation between knowledge an attitude (r = 0.57, p = 0.26), but negative correlation between knowledge and challenges (r = - 0.25, p = 0.0001). The result also indicates that this community lack information and knowledge to practice waste sorting and recycling. Intervention is required to convey the information to these dwellers.

Overheating calculation methods, criteria, and indicators in European regulation for residential buildings

With the ongoing significance of overheating calculations in the residential building sector, building codes such as the European Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD) are essential for harmonizing the indicators and performance thresholds. This paper investigates Europe's overheating calculation methods, indicators, and thresholds and evaluates their ability to address climate change and heat events. e study aims to identify the suitability of existing overheating calculation methods and propose recommendations for the EPBD. The study results provide a cross-sectional overview of twenty-six European countries. The most influential overheating calculation criteria are listed the best approaches are ranked. The paper provides a thorough comparative assessment and recommendations to align current calculations with climate-sensitive metrics. The results suggesta framework and key performance indicators that are comfort-based, multi-zonal, and time-integrated to calculate overheating and modify the EU's next building energy efficiency regulations. The results can help policymakers and building professionals to develop the next overheating calculation framework and approach for the future development of climate-proof and resilient residential buildings.

Evaluating building egress safety for the elderly under different urgent-level circumstances in high-density cities: Based on ABEM-enabled simulation

In high-density cities, people usually live in mid-rise or high-rise residential buildings where indoor environments are quite complicated. Safety risks exist not only within homes, but also on the way to egress from residential buildings. As the aging issue becomes severer, it is essential to provide safe egress plans particularly for the elderly who are more fragile to risks and obstacles. Kinds of emergencies might occur in reality, some are hard to predict and extremely dangerous, while some can be warned in advance and would not cause damages immediately. However, previous research seldom considered the different urgent levels of circumstances during the egress process of the elderly. Consequently, this study contributes to proposing an agent-based egress model (ABEM)-based evaluation of building egress safety for the elderly under different urgent-level circumstances by introducing absolute and relative indicators. Absolute indicators evaluate building egress safety for the elderly, relative indicators reveal whether buildings hinder safe egress of the elderly compared with ordinary residents, and indicator weights are decided by AHP method to compute building egress safety index (BESI) as the evaluation results. Case study shows BESI scores of 8.696, 8.941 and 6.290 under three circumstances. BESI scores are valuable references for old home buyers to make decisions. Furthermore, this evaluation approach offers an effective tool to help designers to improve design schemes for safer egress, to assist property managers in updating egress plans and facilities based on new occupancy status in the operation stage, eventually to facilitate the development of healthy residential buildings.

The Need to Maintain Sustainability in the Dynamic Anthropogenic Changes in the Natural Landscape of the Bay of Pomerania in Poland

This article presents a research study into the dynamics of negative changes to the almost untouched coastal landscape of the Bay of Pomerania on the south-western coast of the Baltic Sea, taking into consideration the impact of the spatial development of the port of Świnoujście and of the development of leisure facilities in the small fishing villages of the Baltic coast. The authors highlight the natural landscape dynamics resulting from the topography, the aggression of the Baltic Sea against the beaches and sandy moraine hills, the dynamics of phyto-biological development in the endemic natural environment, and the dynamics of anthropogenic landscape changes resulting from the oversized spatial development of both residential and industrial buildings, as well as intermodal and port infrastructure development. The study analyzes natural values and their importance for both health and recreational purposes and shows the disproportional impact of economic/industrial development on the study area in recent times. The research was undertaken to verify the necessity of maintaining sustainability in the anthropogenic and industrial development undertaken in those areas, in order to protect sensitive ecological areas and to provide environmental compensation for the negative landscape changes already produced.

ВИХІДНІ ДАНІ І ВИМОГИ ДО ПРОЄКТУ РЕКОНСТРУКЦІЇ ЖИТЛОВИХ БУДИНКІВ

The article is devoted to the first stage of the development of reconstruction project of a historic residential building development – study of the initial data (inventory plans and technical condition of the building), as well as regulatory requirements for the reconstruction of such buildings. The inspection of the technical condition of the residential building is carried out in order to establish the degree of physical wear and tear, determine the possibility of supporting structures to take additional loads and, if necessary, develop measures to strengthen these structures, strengthen the foundation soils and strengthen the foundations, as well as for further monitoring. For further work, it is necessary to study the regulatory requirements for the reconstruction of residential buildings, because the regulatory requirements and restrictions imposed on the reconstruction project are also urban planning, architectural, and constructive and technical in nature. Planning requirements set a list of tasks necessary to create modern living conditions. In general, the project of reconstruction of a residential building involves phased work, which includes: collection of initial data for design (determination of its technical condition, analysis of inventory plans with the existing planning solution, study of design and reconstruction norms), pre-project research of the object (visual inspection of the house and of the adjacent territory, collection of analogues of the reconstruction of residential buildings, photo fixation, dimensions of the residential building, analysis of the structural scheme of the building, load-bearing elements of structures, etc.), stages of sketch design, where the main concepts for reconstruction are developed. The final stage is the development of the reconstruction project, including interiors. The first stage of work is necessary, and a high-quality collection of design materials is the key to the professional reconstruction project creating that will comply with existing norms and rules for the reconstruction and overhaul of historic residential buildings.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ЖИЛИЩНОГО ФОНДА ПЕРВЫХ МАССОВЫХ СЕРИЙ ЗАСТРОЙКИ ГОРОДА БЕЛГОРОДА

The article considers the typology of the housing stock of mass building series on the example of the city of Belgorod. Data on its classifications are presented: according to the form of ownership, purpose of use, planning structure, design features. Analyzed historical archival data relating to the development of the housing stock in Belgorod. The main stages in the development of residential territories of mass series in the city of Belgorod are singled out: from 1945 to 1964. - the period of restoration of the city after hostilities and the beginning of the development of mass housing construction; from 1964 to 1980s - the period of active construction of mass housing stock; 1980s – present - modern period. Each time period was studied according to a number of factors: population, building area, number of storeys, construction materials, planning solutions for residential buildings of mass series, etc. The sequence of formation and development of residential buildings of mass series in the structure of the city of Belgorod and nearby settlements is considered. The current state of the housing stock of the first mass series in the building structure of Belgorod is analyzed. The characteristic types of residential development areas and promising areas for the renovation of residential development of the first mass series are identified.

IMPORTED AND MANUFACTURED CEMENT IN BANGLADESH: A MARKET STUDY ON GREY AND PORTLAND CEMENT

Cement is an essential construction material, so it is used in all types of residential and non-residential building works, construction and development of modern roads and infra structural facilities etc. This present paper is the outcome of a study for the purpose of examining and assessing the present pattern of imported and manufactured cement in Bangladesh and its future. The findings of the study reveal that the demand projection for next future years, estimated supply gap and competition between imported cement and local cement. This paper also shows the opportunities and threats which exist in Bangladesh market. Finally, Government should adopt polices for encouraging cement manufacturing projects and protecting the interest of the cement buyers which will help accomplish its objective of providing facilities to the people.

ABEM-based Simulation of Building Egression Safety for the Elderly Under Different Circumstances: Enlightenments of Healthy Residential Buildings for the Elderly

People generally spend 90% of their time indoors. Owing to the increasing proportion of the elderly, how to develop healthy residential buildings, especially for the elderly, has raised more concerns. Even though many researchers have studied the healthy performance within the home environment of the elderly, there is little research focusing on the safety of indoor public spaces in mid-rise or high-rise residential buildings that are quite common in high-density cities. Dissimilar to other ordinary residents, the elderly would take changing and greater dangers during the egression under normal and urgent circumstances. Therefore, this study aims to explore building egression safety for the elderly under diverse circumstances. The agent-based egression models (ABEMs) are developed to simulate the egression process, and absolute values and relative values of simulation results are proposed to explore the egression safety for the elderly. One ten-story residential building is adopted as the case of simulation. The findings reveal how building egression safety for the elderly changes with different circumstances. This study offers an effective tool to ensure building egression safety. In practice, the ABEM-based simulation and indicators of building egression safety would benefit several stakeholders, by helping the designers and developers to improve their design schemes for better egression safety in the design stage, assisting the developers and property managers in updating egression plans and facilities based on the new occupancy status in the operation stage, helping potential old home buyers to make decisions, and finally facilitating the development of healthy residential buildings.

Development of Variable Residential Buildings with 3D-Printed Walls

New 3D-printing technologies allows to make constructive elements, especially walls, faster and with formal diversity. The 3D-printed elements usually have self-supporting capacities, but they need to be reinforced or integrated into larger structures, to make buildings of large extension or height of several floors. This work proposes a residential construction strategy, focused on Chile, which combines a modular main reinforced concrete structure with partitions made of 3D-printed walls to obtain different housing organizations. For this, a structural grid and range of volumes are defined in BIM. In addition, a parametric programming is developed and prototypes of 3D-printed walls are made. The volumetric development provides a wide repertoire of residential surfaces, while the main structure provides a great flexibility of occupancy. The programming organizes the design and execution process, with numeric analysis and visualization capabilities. The executed prototypes demonstrate a constructive feasibility and architectural appealing. This development expresses the possibility to integrate 3D-printing in massive and varied dwelling construction, and suggests new paths for housing construction with the application of new design technologies and automated manufacturing in construction.

Nanotechnology as Building Materials and its Impact on the Quality of Residential Buildings

A modern technology called "nanotechnology" has emerged that seeks to environmental design through the use of new technologies and advanced scientific methods in the construction of contemporary architectural edifices. The research problem is the underutilization of nanotechnology in building materials for residential buildings due to the lack of knowledge of the benefits and cost of this technology. The importance of the study lies in the use of building materials based on nanotechnology with new properties and high performance that address the problems in current building materials so as to apply sustainability standards and provide efficiency for residential buildings to suit the local environment. The research aims to benefit from the applications of nanotechnology in the development of residential buildings and the provision of consumed energy. The research follows the descriptive approach in identifying the concepts of sustainable architecture and the mechanism of its use in the field of architecture, linking it to nanotechnology, and collecting data related to nanomaterials that are used in construction and that are suitable for the local environment. Then the analytical approach, by conducting analytical studies of buildings that used nanotechnology in their design and drawing conclusions. Then the extract from the theoretical and analytical study is applied to a local case study of the facades of a residential building and a comparison is made between choosing the finishes of ordinary materials from the local market and modern nanomaterials, then making calculations of the quantities and costs of the materials used in order to improve energy operating costs and achieve the desired goal. Experience has proven that the use of Nano-processed materials has a great economic return, although it is expensive, but with its many advantages, it exceeds its price. It is recommended to educate engineers and consumers about the importance of using this technology because of its benefits, which are self-cleaning, easy cleaning, anti-bacterial, thermal insulation, anti-fog, protection from UV rays, and fire protection.)

Toward sustaining the development of green residential buildings in China: A tripartite evolutionary game analysis

Green residential buildings (GRBs) are of instructive significance to the sustainable transformation of the construction industry. Yet, it is far from the case that the development of GRBs in China has been sustained toward a long-term autonomy-oriented goal from reliance on the government's efforts, which remains an area requiring more scholarly attention. Considering the strategic choices of key stakeholders that dominate the GRB market, this study innovatively introduced industry associations and idle penalty to establish a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, developer, and homebuyer to investigate the evolution process of the dynamic system. Then, equilibrium points and evolutionary stable strategies were analyzed. Finally, collaborative players' decision-making behavior and their sensitivity to critical factors in each stage were illustrated through numerical simulations. The results indicate the leading role of the government in the incubation stage, while such leadership effects are gradually replaced by market-led mechanisms as the GRB industry matures. In addition, appropriate subsidies and penalties can benefit the GRB development when dynamically fitting respective stages and high cost obstructs the government's initiative for the GRB market. Accordingly, a series of promotion mechanisms are proposed to afford theoretical guidance and managerial implications to prompt the long-term development of GRBs more effectively. • Autonomy-oriented transformation of the GRB industry is essential to sustaining its long-term development. • A tripartite evolutionary game model was established to analyze three stakeholders' strategies in the dynamic system. • Industry associations were innovatively introduced to explore the role of social supervision in the GRB market. • The idle penalty mechanism was introduced to examine its regulatory effects on opportunistic behavior of the developer. • A series of promotion mechanisms of the GRB industry were proposed in relation to different evolutionary processes.

A review of the reliability of land bank institution in Indonesia for effective land management of public interest

It is not easy to get a decent housing for low-income people (LIP) in the cities of Indonesia due to the limitation of land available for development in the urban areas allows the speculators to retain the benefits of land in an unregulated commodity business. This study aims to examine and analyze the establishment of land bank for ensuring the implementation of more prosperous, fair sharing and sustainable land management. The observational method of reviewing the land use issues, land bank models and legal basis was performed to understand the eligibility of land bank in management of land use to serve public interest of infrastructure construction and development of affordable housing for LIP in urban areas. The establishment of land bank institution in Indonesia is considered important to accommodate the need of lands in urban areas for a wide array of purposes. The analysis of landless housing prices in the Jabodetabek region for the development of five-story residential building can save more than 50% of income toward the necessity of affordable housing for LIP. The finding of this study may provide a contribution to get better understanding on the decision making process of sustainable land management at all levels of government in Indonesia particularly by the provincial government of Special Capital Territory of Jakarta.

Research on parametric design method of solar photovoltaic utilization potential of nearly zero-energy high-rise residential building based on genetic algorithm

Building a resource-saving society and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction is a strategic decision for China's current social development. Zero-energy buildings realized by the synergy of low-energy energy-saving technologies and renewable energy utilization technologies have become the ultimate quantitative index of sustainable buildings. Therefore, from the perspective of the development trend of residential buildings, near-zero-energy residential buildings oriented to zero energy consumption will become one of the goals of residential building development in China in the future. Recently, building performance simulation technology has been widely used for energy-efficient design. This study focuses on zero energy oriented residential building design, taking the integration of complex systems in terms of building design, energy technology, and economics as the guide, establishing the coupling relationship between the parameters of each system, and adopting a multi-objective optimization approach to find the optimal energy-saving design solution. Based on the parametric design tool of the Grasshopper platform and the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, the study explores a multi-objective optimization design approach for zero energy oriented residential buildings to achieve the lowest total air-conditioning and heating load, the highest photovoltaic power generation, and the lowest investment cost. Nine control variables that affect these three objective functions are quantitatively evaluated and analyzed. The design process and analysis model for the multi-objective optimization of zero energy buildings are established, and the feasibility and technical routes for achieving zero energy for typical building types in different climate zones are compared and analyzed, providing a theoretical basis and parametric design method for the practice of zero energy residential building design across different climate zones in China.

Внутригородское железнодорожное сообщение в «ядре» агломерации

Purpose: To develop a proposal to increase the attractiveness of railway transport by launching an intra-city route in municipalities where the construction of metro stations is not expected in the next decade. Analysis of the settlement of agglomeration and zones of gravity to agglomeration “core”. Analysis of the existing railway transport infrastructure. Analysis of suburban traffic in the Vitebsk direction. Identification of the problems of uneven development of transport infrastructure in the St. Petersburg agglomeration and adjacent territories, the problem of congestion of urban infrastructure in the conditions of rapid development of residential building of territories and the lag in infrastructure development. Analysis of possible passenger traffic on the route of intra-city railway connection Kupchino-Rzhevka-Devyatkino. Methods: Statistical research, analysis and synthesis, the method of polygon approach. Results: The project passenger turnover in the direction of Kupchino — Rzhevka — Devyatkino was determined. The route of a new urban communication with high capacity in areas with a poorly developed transport system and promising areas for housing construction is proposed, the route also connects southern, eastern and northern areas of the agglomeration. Practical importance: The development of intra-city communication routes with small traffic intervals, providing an attractiveness of more ecological transport compared to automobile one, with such traffic that’s independent of situation on street road network.

КЕЙКИС «КАКОЕ СОКРОВИЩЕ ПРЕДПОЧТЕТ ДЕПАРТАМЕНТ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА – «НАСЛЕДИЕ ХАНА КУЧУМА» ИЛИ МНОГОКВАРТИРНЫЙ ЖИЛОЙ ДОМ ДЛЯ ЕГО ПОТОМКОВ?»

The situation described in the research case study in the keikis format is devoted to the use of land in the center of the city of N for development of multi-apartment residential buildings, in which, according to numerous historical documents, there may be valuable archaeological artifacts, as well as other traces of the presence of ancient civilizations in these territories. Over the past hundred years, a number of documents have been adopted prohibiting any multi-storey buildings in this place due to the high cultural and historical significance of these areas. The building department of N. mayor’s office needs to decide whether to allow construction and under what conditions.

Exploring Resilient Housing Design in the Post-Epidemic Era

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in early 2020 has dramatically changed how people live and work. With most people experiencing months of living and working from home under the sudden risk, the home has become a vital fortress against the outbreak. Taking the post-pandemic era as a backdrop, the author thinks about how better to play the role of housing shelter in the future and puts forward the form of residential architecture in Beijing in the future -- resilient housing. Starting from the connotation of resilient housing and its relationship with the resilient city, we analyze the reasons for the emergence of resilient housing. Then, the specific operation mode of resilient housing is discussed, and a student's concept competition scheme is taken as an example to analyze the specific risk-coping mode of resilient housing. It aims to put forward operational strategies for the development of residential buildings in Beijing in 2050 so that people can live better.