Teacher research constitutes an integral component of a pedagogue's professional activity, serving the purpose of comprehending and transforming the pedagogical reality through the application of scientific insights and methods. One of the benefits of such endeavors is enhanced research competence. The present paper delves into the approaches to developing research competence of students within the higher education institutions of European countries. The research methods include literature analysis, systematization (to elucidate key research concepts), comparative analysis (to discern the peculiarities of research competence development among students in European higher education), and synthesis (to formulate original conclusions). Based on the synthesis of scientific approaches (including the personal, activity-based, competence-based, systemic, knowledge-based, procedural-technological), research competence is construed as an integral quality of an individual, encompassing skills for conducting research to address educational issues and instructional management. A systematic examination of the approaches to research competence development among students in Germany, the United Kingdom, and France reveals a consistent and methodical progression. In the early stages of formal education, students are exposed to research-oriented learning, while in subsequent phases, they actively participate in undergraduate and graduate research. A recurring theme is the early engagement of students in research activities, bolstered by specific pedagogical conditions and teaching methodologies. These conditions include the encouragement of students' involvement in research, the reinforcement of interdisciplinary dimensions, and the pivotal role played by research advisors in coordinating student research endeavors. Additionally, active teaching methods, such as discussions, workshops, seminars, simulations, situational analyses, practical experiences, internships, and independent research, significantly contribute to the effective engagement in research activities. Project-based and problem-oriented learning methods emerge as predominant didactic approaches, seamlessly blending students' autonomous work with collaborative endeavors within small research groups. Key forms of research competence development encompass lectures, seminars, practical sessions, and consultations. These educational formats not only motivate students to apply their acquired knowledge in practical contexts but also ignite their enthusiasm for independent exploration, fostering creativity.