Rental Housing Development Research Articles

Investigating the Impact of Public Services on Rental Prices in Chinese Super Cities Based on Interpretable Machine Learning

In China, approximately 20% of the permanent population are renters, with 91% of leased land concentrated in first-tier and new first-tier cities. Education and healthcare are primary concerns for residents, significantly influencing rental decisions due to the household registration (hukou) system, competitive educational environment, and uneven distribution of medical resources. This study explores the distinct factors affecting rental decisions in China’s super cities, differing from other countries where renters prioritize proximity to work or urban amenities. Using advanced interpretable machine learning techniques, the study analyses rental markets in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. The random forest model demonstrates superior performance in rent prediction across all three cities. The results indicate that the impact of public service resources on rent is notably higher in Beijing and Shanghai, while in Shenzhen, balanced urban planning results in property characteristics being more prominent in tenant preferences. These findings enhance the understanding of global rental market dynamics and provide recommendations for promoting sustainable rental housing development. The scientific novelty of this study lies in its application of advanced machine learning models to identify and quantify the unique influences of public service resources on rental markets in different urban contexts.

The Urban Context of Rental Housing Development near Major U.S. Universities

Residential developers have found footholds in university-adjacent neighborhoods, though the extent of this trend is unclear. We examine rental construction near 168 major U.S. universities with neighborhood data covering 2000 to 2018. We find that more rental units were built near larger universities with growing enrollments and limited dormitory capacity. University-adjacent rental development varied widely across urban contexts, and was most common in low-mid-rent neighborhoods with similar precedents. More large-scale rental housing was built in medium-sized cities with higher housing prices yet slower rising rents. Findings suggest the importance of municipal and university roles in residential development, including local regulations and dormitory investments.

Housing Financialization and Community Wellbeing: Tenant Resistance in the Liveable City

Tenant movements are increasingly impacting urban governance and the development of housing in Canadian cities. Tenants resisting violent and ‘gentler’ forms of gentrification—through outright expulsion or being priced out of their communities—have demonstrated their unwillingness to allow financialized real estate to determine their housing futures. At the same time, tenants also have to contend with discourses of urban improvement that increasingly dominate the terrain of financialized rental housing (re)development. Community benefits agreements and other similar arrangements emphasizing neighbourhood liveability and wellbeing are increasingly deployed as devices to justify housing (re)development, but also work to facilitate gentrification. Through an examination of a struggle between tenants and a financialized real estate investment firm in Canada’s capital city Ottawa—which aspires to be North America’s most liveable mid-sized city—this article explores the implications of a Community Wellbeing Framework for a neighbourhood redevelopment project forged through tenant resistance efforts.

DESIGN OF PUBLIC RENTAL SETTLEMENTS BASED ON GREEN AND LOW-CARBON RESEARCH: EXAMPLE OF COURSE DESIGN FOR A SENIOR DESIGN CLASS

ABSTRACT Public rental housing has received widespread attention from the government and the public, and with the global response to climate change and the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutral,” the development of green and low-carbon rental housing has become an important trend. Against this background, the design of public rental housing in this project is designed with the hope that students will take the problem as the guide, performance optimization as the means, and start from the perspective of architectural design to explore the combination of low-carbon strategy or green technology and design in order to create low-carbon public rental housing. The paper analyzes and shows four groups of assignments in detail, which, through crowd demand analysis and site analysis, propose corresponding low-carbon driven design solution strategies from four aspects: the design of shared carbon-saving living patterns, the pattern organization of innovative central corridors that facilitate lighting and ventilation, algorithm-driven form generation, and the composite optimization of radiant heat in the façade.

МЕХАНІЗМИ РОЗВИТКУ ЖИТЛОВОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА

The article describes the essence, content and functions of the mechanisms for the revival of housing construction in Ukraine. Its development and implementation envisages the revival of the country, the multifaceted socio-economic development of settlements, the improvement of the demographic situation, and the appeal to man as the main source of the nation's wealth. It has been proven that all European countries have gone through a long process of reforming and developing the construction industry, applying new investment technologies and stimulating the development of this direction of the economy, combining state support, the mortgage lending mechanism and other types of construction support. In the economy of our country, many variants of management mechanisms are used - economic, ecological, market, social, organizational, organizational-economic and others. After the full-scale invasion, almost all developers stopped construction, some for several weeks, some did not continue construction at all. It was determined that in 2022 the total area of ready-made apartments amounted to 7.1 million square meters. m (18.3 thousand private houses and 74.3 thousand apartments), which is 38% less than in 2021. It has been proven that in Ukraine it is not enough to stimulate the development of the construction industry at the state level, it is important to create conditions for the development of a competitive environment, to introduce effective financial and credit mechanisms for the purchase of construction materials. The construction industry should be based on trust in the banking sector of the economy and stimulate the development of affordable rental housing for the low-income population and internally displaced persons. We believe that the housing market in Ukraine is currently in a recovery phase. The prospect of its development requires the creation of an effective organizational and economic mechanism, as well as the implementation of state support for the provision of social housing for the population of the region and those forced to leave their place of residence. Development of mechanisms and means of housing construction, economic stabilization and revival of the country require further development and scientific research

The Importance of Housing Organizations for The Development of Affordable Rental Housing

Housing creates the conditions for exploiting the potential of the area as well as attracting skilled labour to the urban area, as well as improving the quality of life. Worldwide experience shows that the normal market environment does not allow addressing the housing needs of all population groups in a sufficiently flexible way.

Can They Build or Not? Nonprofit Housing Development in an Era of Government Re-engagement

In the context of new government investment in housing, this article explores the experiences of nonprofit organizations in securing support for new affordable rental housing development in three regions across Canada. Many challenges were reported, including ones pertaining to administration (extensive proposal requirements, lack of information and communication, and lengthy review processes), and the design of funding programs (such as a lack of flexibility available to proponents). Participants also reported limitations to the amount and nature of support provided, challenges working across different levels of government, and an uneven playing field among nonprofit and for-profit housing developers. Overall, results show that despite significant and recent investments made available for affordable housing, the nonprofit sector faces many barriers in accessing these, and that significant changes are required so that housing organizations may provide rental units to those in greatest need.

The Development History of International Housing Rental Market and Implication for China

Since the industrial revolution in the 18th century, under the background of different historical stages, this study chose the representative typical regions or countries of that period to analyze the origin, background and policy process of the development of the rental housing market. From the perspective of time evolution, it presents the “epitome” of the development of the rental housing market in each region under different stages of social development. Based on the perspective of international comparison, this paper summarized the general rules of the development of international rental housing market, with a view to forming useful experience and inspiration for the development of China’s housing rental market. At present, China’s housing rental market is under construction, and in the process of development, it is necessary to focus on balancing three pairs of relationships, namely, the relationship between foreign experience and domestic reality, the relationship between social market and the government, and the relationship between housing and people􀆳s livelihood. In this regard, it is recommended that the top-level policy design of policies for the housing rental market in line with the national conditions be accelerated and supporting measures be improved; the synergistic development of government-subsidized rental housing and market-oriented rental housing be strengthened, and the responsibility of employers be brought into play; and the housing rental market be in accordance with city-specific policies to meet the housing needs of different types of citizens.

Mieszkalnictwo społeczne w Polsce - wyzwania i ograniczenia

This article explores the need for more intensive development of social rental housing in Poland, especially communal rental housing and social rental housing provided by Social Housing Associations (TBSs). The first section briefly examines the terminology and addresses the main challenges in Polish housing in accordance with the goals of the housing policy programmes. The second section reports on the recent trends in social rental housing. The third section presents selected issues of the recent development of Polish social rental housing. Further, the author tries to evaluate the need for new housing construction by local authorities and by TBSs. Due to the lack of reliable information, the required amount of new housing can only be approximated indirectly. In the next section, she presents legislative initiatives regulating and supporting social rental housing, especially in terms of modifying financial instruments. The final section contains an assessment of progress in social rental housing and proposals for further reforms in Polish housing policy.

Перспективи трансформації нерухомості в джерело підвищення фінансової спроможності територіальних громад

Real estate is one of the basic assets of functioning of the territorial community. However, due to improper activity or inaction of local self-government bodies, it remains only a nominal asset of the administrative-territorial unit and does not contribute to increasing the financial capacity of the territorial community. The article is aimed at identifying and suggesting possible ways to transform real estate into a source of increasing the financial capacity of the territorial community. In the course of the study, the extant obstacles were highlighted, including corruption schemes that cause local budgets to lose revenues from rent and alienation of communal property. It is noted the need to intensify the activities of local self-government bodies in the direction of inventory of all communal real estate, to establish its market value and increase the transparency of operations for the provision of communal real estate for rent. The possibility of development of municipal rental housing in large cities is considered. Special attention is paid to the real estate, which is privately owned as a quasi-asset of the territorial community, which ensures revenues to the local budget in the form of the tax on a real estate other than the land plot. The analysis of changes in the situation of the real estate market in 2020-2021, which indirectly affect the filling of local budgets with proceeds from the tax on a real estate other than the land plot, was carried out. The possible ways to increase the financial capacity of territorial communities by strengthening the role of communal and private real estate within the assets of the territorial community are identified, suggested, and substantiated.

Breaking the land monopoly: Can collective land reform alleviate the housing shortage in China's mega-cities?

This paper engages with ongoing theoretical enquiries into the dynamism of housing shortage in many global cities. The research critically evaluates the recent Chinese practice of increasing the supply of the collectively owned land as a means to alleviate housing shortage in cities. Taking the four first-tier cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen as case studies, this paper analyzes their characteristics of land supply and housing price/rent change, and argues that increasing land supply through encouraging rental housing to be built upon collectively owned land did not contribute in any significant way the alleviation of housing shortage in China's megacities because of the manipulation and circumvention of the local governments that held strong vested interests in urban land monopoly. Findings of this research contribute new theoretical insights into the global dynamism of housing developments and call for special attention paid to the important effects of the land disposition regimes upon housing supply, the sophisticated central-local power relations internal to the state, and the spatiality of housing developments as well as their geographical contingency. The paper concludes with policy implications to facilitate the rental housing development on collectively owned land in Chinese cities.

The modern mechanisms for the development of innovations in the construction industry

Introduction. In the article; based on research of modern Ukrainian and international experience in the field of improvement of mechanisms of development of innovations in the field of housing; the existing barriers and specifics of the development of the industry are analyzed; the main opportunities and perspective directions of program-target support of organizational-economic and managerial innovations are opened with the purpose of increasing accessibility and opportunities for improving the living conditions of citizens; minimizing public utility costs; switching to low-cost housing for yoga operation. Specific directions for state and regional authorities to increase the investment attractiveness of innovative housing construction and the transition of the industry to the innovative vector of development are proposed.The purpose of the study is to consider modern mechanisms for the development of innovations in the construction industry.Results. The dependence of the development of the construction industry with the development of related industries; the level of employment is revealed. It was also determined that for the successful development of the industry; appropriate conditions must be created to increase the investment attractiveness of innovative housing. The main barriers to the development of innovative housingin Ukraine were also identified.Discussion. Prospects for further development of the study are to improve regulatory and legal incentives for the development of material production; stimulate the transition to new technologies of housing; development of advanced automated systems for design and management of buildings based on BIM-technologies and development of rental housing under concession agreements with investors.

Low-rise housing – a new tool for the development of the rental real estate market

The article deals with the development of such a segment of the residential real estate market as low-rise construction. The study analyzes existing approaches and concepts for implementing investment and construction projects in the low-rise housing segment. According to the results of the analysis, it is concluded that this segment is developing in the direction of “business” and “elite” in most of the Russian territories. The “comfort” segment is allocated only 8% of the total volume of implemented projects. According to the authors, the increase in the volume of low-rise construction in the “comfort” and “economy” class segment can become one of the main tools for solving the housing problem in the country and achieving the benchmarks indicated in the corresponding strategies. The study also considers possible options for building suburban areas by density, and it is determined that high-density low-rise housing can become relevant for “comfort” and “economy” class, and the main method of construction is large-panel housing construction. As a result of studying the collected analytical and technical information, methodological recommendations were developed for organizing mass low-rise construction of high-density low-rise housing in the comfort and economy segments. The potential advantages of the housing under consideration allow us to overcome the factors that hinder the development of rental housing, from which it is concluded that the developed recommendations are applicable not only for projects intended for sale to property, but also for renting to middle-income families.

Access to Affordable Houses for the Low-Income Urban Dwellers in Kigali: Analysis Based on Sale Prices

The government of Rwanda recently passed housing development regulations and funding schemes which aim at promoting access to affordable houses for the low- and middle-income Kigali city inhabitants. The existing studies on housing affordability in this city did not yet discuss whether this government-supported programme is likely to promote access to housing for these target beneficiaries. This study applies the price-to-income ratio (PIR) approach and the 30-percent of household income standard through the bank loan to assess whether housing units developed in the framework of affordable housing schemes are, for the target recipients, affordable at all. It relies mainly on housing prices schemes held by real estate developers, data on households’ incomes collected through the household survey and a review of the existing studies and socio-economic censuses reports. Findings reveal that the developed housing units are seriously and severely unaffordable for most of the target beneficiaries, especially the lowest-income urban dwellers, due to the high costs of housing development, combined with the high profits expected by real estate developers. The study suggests policy and practical options for promoting inclusive urban (re)development and housing affordability for various categories of Kigali city inhabitants. These options include upgrading the existing informal settlements, combined with their conversion into shared apartments through the collaboration between property owners and real estate developers, the development of affordable rental housing for the low-income tenants, tax exemption on construction materials, progressive housing ownership through a rent-to-own approach, and incremental self-help housing development using the low-cost local materials.

“Buy or Rent”: What Do Metropolitan Youth Choose

In the framework of financial literacy research, young people look like a not-too-responsible subject, prone to irrational consumption and not having the habit of long-term financial planning . However, the social context in which the burden of social spending is increasingly shifted onto the shoulders of the citizens, requires from them financial discipline, knowledge of financial instruments, and rational decisions . The article analyses the behaviour of metropolitan youth in the housing market . We showed that in the long term, the majority of young people are focused on the purchase of their own homes . It is due to the reluctance in the presence of the family to depend on the landlord and direct their funds into the “other people’s pocket”, as well as the perception of their housing as an asset . Satisfying modest requests of respondents is impossible without seeking financial assistance . A little more than half of the respondents see a bank as a lender, and more than a third of respondents see relatives or friends as a lender . Nearly half of the participants in the mass survey directly or indirectly faced mortgage lending; in most cases this experience was “rather positive” . As an alternative solution to the housing problem, young people see rent, the main advantage of which is increased mobility . Rent is not excluded and in the presence of own housing, which in this case will be rented . Despite their generally optimistic attitude, about half of the respondents believe that today housing is an intractable problem for young people . According to respondents, the state could help young people by implementing such measures as monitoring the reasonableness of pricing; subsidising mortgage interest or allocating quotas for young families and scarce staff; development of rental housing; increase of scholarships and promotion of employment for graduates so that young people start forming savings as early as possible; effective regional development policy allowing to unload the capital.

Re-directing developers: New models of rental housing development to re-shape the post-apartheid city?

The role of developers in shaping the built environment has attracted considerable critical attention, often focussing on the overbearing role of powerful, globalised actors in urban development. But there is also evidence that regulatory pathways shape outcomes. Through the case of a large-scale initiative in Johannesburg, South Africa, the “Corridors of Freedom”, we consider whether there is potential for developmental benefit to be gained from redirecting developer interest to create new kinds of built form. Linked to investment in a bus rapid transit system and agile bureaucracy, a model of closely managed low-income rental housing is emerging, although there is evidence of some displacement of the poorest from more informal housing. The study suggests the importance of reassessing the political complexion and potential of state–developer co-operation in urban development, and of looking more closely at the diversity of developers as well as the array of forms of finance mobilised for urban development beyond financialisation.

The Study of the Residential Real Estate Market in the Republic of Kazakhstan

In this study, we assess the residential real estate market in the Republic of Kazakhstan and develop measures to improve its affordability. We use comparative and retrospective analysis of statistical indicators to assess the trends in the development of the residential real estate market in Kazakhstan, as well as the state of the housing credit system. The results show that despite the growth in housing construction, affordability remains low in comparison with developed countries. Experts believe that government support measures that include the formation of a rental non-commercial housing market, the creation and development of unitary rental property funds, as well as the shift from shared financing to project financing of residential construction will lead to affordable housing.

Small-Scale Public Rental Housing Development Using Modular Construction—Lessons learned from Case Studies in Seoul, Korea

Modular construction, which involves factory-based modular unit manufacturing followed by installation at a construction site, has been recognized as one of the sustainable construction methods. Its advantages are known to be implemented through (1) standardized design, (2) standardized production method, and (3) large-scale development (mass production system). These three conditions are basic requirements for modular construction market expansion, but it is difficult to define that these conditions are a prerequisite for judging whether modular construction applied or not. Nevertheless, public development companies in regions or countries where modular construction has just begun thought that modular construction should meet all three conditions that are suitable for applying public construction projects. This is because it is difficult to compare conventional construction projects with similar conditions to modular construction projects. This paper analyzes the cost and duration data of three small-scale public construction rental housing (PCRH) projects involving modular construction in Korea. These cases presented herein include a public college student dormitory, public low-rise rental housing, and public mid-rise rental housing in small-scale development projects. Those were applied not standardized design (common design and regulation), but were reflected in each project’s demands (different design and regulation). To compare it, this paper analyzed 91 public housing provision projects’ construction data from 2011 to 2017 from one of the public rental housing provision companies in Korea. Among them, 19 small-scale public rental housing data were extracted for comparing with modular construction project data. The results show that, even if not standardized, the design and production process, and modular construction durations, were more effective—but costs were similar or expensive. Based on the conclusion drawn from three cases, this paper presents important considerations for the application of modular construction in other small-scale public construction rental housing projects from the perspective of public development companies.

조립식 주택 적용 민간임대주택 활성화를 위한 리스 모델

조립식 주택 적용 민간임대주택 활성화를 위한 리스 모델

The geographic and sociodemographic transformation of multifamily rental housing in the Texas Triangle

This study catalogues the location, clustering and sociodemographic distribution of the development of multifamily rental housing over the last five decades in the Texas Triangle, one of the fastest growing megaregions in the United States. The research reveals prior to the 1970s, apartments clustered in downtown areas; throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the development of apartments expanded to the suburbs and along major interstates; and in the 2000s, apartment growth continued in the peripheral areas while returning downtown. During this time period, apartments were developed most often in majority white, high-income and low-poverty neighbourhoods. These geographic and sociodemographic characteristics challenge widespread conceptions that equate multifamily rental housing with central city locations and low-income populations. The findings suggest that multifamily rental housing offers a powerful tool to increase residential density in downtown and suburban locations, while also accommodating a sociodemographically diverse population.