Development Of Regional Airports Research Articles

Squaring the Circle? Regional Airport Expansion, Climate Change and the Planning Regime

Airports are contested infrastructures. They are regarded both as icons of modernity and as a threat to a climate‐neutral future. Judicial review is increasingly relied upon to determine the legality of planning permissions for further airport development in light of climate obligations. Focusing on regional airport development and the review of planning approvals for expansion at Bristol, Southampton and Stansted airports, this article shows how the relevant policies and legislation, as well as the courts in applying these, find cohesion between airport expansion and climate action. These efforts, nonetheless, are tantamount to an attempt at squaring the circle: the fundamental disconnect between climate commitments and the increase in greenhouse gas emissions from regional airport expansion remains unsettled.

The state of aviation field during COVID-19 pandemic

The global pandemic COVID-19 had a serious impact on the dynamics of air traffic. The purpose of this article is to analyze the change in air travel over the past 10 years and to describe the potential situation, threats and suggest alternative ways out of the crisis. As a result, we identified the following problems: insufficient funding for the aviation industry, lack of resources necessary for its development, low level of exports of civil aviation, no credit mechanisms to finance the production of aircraft, lack of incentives for domestic and foreign institutions to invest, lack of control over aviation companies . The largest decline in air travel occurred in 2020. We also see a decrease in flights from 2013 to 2014 in connection with the beginning of military clashes in eastern Ukraine. In 2021, new air carriers entered the Ukrainian market, including Flynas (low-cost carrier of Saudi Arabia) and Eurowings (German low-cost carrier). It was found that domestic flights through the airspace of Ukraine have increased. An important impetus for their growth is the development of regional airports with the prospect of creating a National Airline. The positive dynamics was influenced by the opening of new passenger flights (Kyiv-Uzhhorod, Chernivtsi-Kryvyi Rih) and the adoption of the draft law №5301, which extended the term of granting Ukrainian airlines a transitional period for the transition to the use of domestic aircraft. In the summer of 2021, flights resumed, and Ukrainians are actively flying to Turkey, Egypt and the Dominican Republic - the most popular destinations. As for Ukrainian airports, their passenger traffic has decreased significantly since 2019, more than twice. Therefore, we propose to look for ways to reduce airport costs and fees, reduce aircraft fleet to save on their maintenance, reduce staff, refocus on charter flights, reduce the tax burden and encourage investors, which is especially important.

Criticality of a regional airport development to mitigate covid-19 economic effects

The current COVID-19 crisis is having major impact on businesses across the world. This Insight focusses on investment in transport infrastructure as one of the key tools to enforce employment, businesses afloat and to maintain the productive capacity of the economy as well as maintain, and possibly increase, the attractiveness as business location. The challenges associated with the delivery and operation of complex transport infrastructure projects in today’s marketplace have been well documented in recent years. Decision making in planning and management of new transport infrastructure projects is complicated due to the different stakeholders involved in decision process, especially for restricted economic conditions and financing assumptions, where the project business plan performance is strongly related to regional development prospects. The paper provides an evaluation framework based on an ex-ante assessment framework of a new airport economic impact concentration to business ecosystem on one hand and the diversity of economic impact to business ecosystem on the other in the post COVID-19 era. The approach is essential to provide key messages to national governments, decision makers and stakeholders regarding the contribution of an airport investment towards regional economic development in terms of contribution to business ecosystem after COVID-19 pandemic. The case study adopted to illustrate the application of this methodology is a new regional airport with high seasonal traffic characteristics on the island of Crete in Greece, one of the most attractive tourist destinations in South-east Mediterranean.

The enlightenment of the cost control of regional tourism airports: Taking Airport A as an example

<p>Since the reform and opening up, the civil aviation industry has accelerated its pace of development and achieved world renowned achievements. It has been the world’s second largest civil aviation transportation market for many years. With the rapid development of the civil aviation industry, the construction of transportation airports has always maintained a rapid development trend, the number of airports and business volumes continue to increase, and the annual passenger throughput has basically maintained a double-digit rapid growth. However, at present, the popularity of China’s aviation market is not high, the situation of insufficient capacity of regional airports and large losses has not changed, and a balanced and coordinated development of the airport system has not really taken shape. If China is to move from a major aviation country to an aviation power, it must make up for the shortcomings of insufficient regional airport development as soon as possible. The regional tourism airport is the main component of the regional airport and the most active part of the development of regional airports. It complements the development of regional airports and focuses on accelerating the development of regional airports. Airport A was completed and opened to traffic in May 2017. It is a young and distinctive regional tourist airport. The annual passenger throughput has jumped from more than 100,000 passengers to more than 500,000 passengers in 2019. In the operation process, there are many worth learning from local. Especially in terms of cost control, Airport A creates “airport+” tourist traffic to improve passenger throughput, promotes a transition to management to adjust and optimize the cost structure, green planning and construction to reduce resource and energy consumption, and combines supervision with services to enhance the effectiveness of financial supervision, all of which give a good inspiration for other regional tourism airports to improve cost control.</p>

Prospects for Creating a Regional Budget Airline in the Republic of Crimea

The 2020 crisis caused by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive influence on the development of regional air travel. Against the background of an overall drop in passenger traffic exceeding 40%, a number of airports in the Southern Federal District have demonstrated positive development dynamics. With the opening of regular flights to cities in the Southern Federal District and the Republic of Crimea, a number of airports in the Central Federal District and the Volga Federal District by the end of 2020 increased passenger traffic due to the development of the domestic route network. The Russian air passenger market demonstrated high growth and development rates during the period of 2009–2019. The underlying factors of growth and development were the implementation of the subsidizing regional air routes program, the development of competition and the increase in the growth rate of production of the regional jet “SSJ-100”. According to the results of activities at the end of 2020, the Russian regional airline (a mono-operator of the “SSJ-100” jet) demonstrated the lowest rate of passenger traffic reduction. The airline also increased its aircraft fleet by 2 units and expanded its regional route network. The Republic of Crimea is a strategically important region of the Russian Federation. Modernization of the regional logistics complex, which includes the development of regular flights to the regions of the Russian Federation, is a priority task of domestic policy. Based on the structural analysis of the air passenger market and the regional logistics system, a model for creating a regional budget airline for the Republic of Crimea is proposed. The result of overcoming the 2008 crisis on the European air passenger market was the strengthening of the role and influence of the budget airlines (increase in market share from 15% to 50% from 2009 to 2019). The low-cost air transportation segment of the Russian market demonstrates high potential for development due to growing demand. The development of regional air transportation is one of the key factors in the development of the national aircraft construction system. The results of the study can be used in developing a strategy for the aviation logistics system of the Republic of Crimea, as well as in developing strategies for the development of regional airports on the island and peninsular territories.

Региональные аэропорты ЦФО: перспективы развития в условиях макроэкономической нестабильности

Based on the analysis of passenger traffic at the airports of the Moscow Aviation Hub and regional airports of the Central Federal District, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamics of passenger traffic was assessed. As a result of the system analysis, it was concluded that the growth of passenger traffic at the airports of Yaroslavl and Kursk is due to the expansion of the internal route network. As a result of the introduction of temporary prohibitive and restrictive measures for international air transportation, there was an increase in demand for domestic destinations. The airports of Yaroslavl and Kursk, in the summer of 2020, opened regular flights to the resort cities of the Southern Federal District. Based on the analysis of passenger traffic dynamics, it is concluded that an important factor in the development of regional airports in the Central Federal District is their structural modernization. The current passenger traffic index of regional airports can be significantly increased if the runways and terminal complex are expanded. The results of the study can be applied in the development of a strategy for the development of regional airports, of which there are more than 200 as of 2021 on the territory of the Russian Federation and many of which need structural modernization. In the context of the development of the airport complex in the Russian market of passenger air transportation, there will be a dynamic increase in passenger traffic.

Problems of development of regional airports in island and peninsular territories

Problems of development of regional airports in island and peninsular territories

Prospects for the Development of Kurumoch International Airport (Samara) in the Context of Macroeconomic Instability

The fundamental goal of the research is to analyze the route network of the Kurumoch airport (Samara) and determine the percentage of flights of classic and budget airlines. Analysis of the structure of the route network of Kurumoch airport allowed us to conclude that the share of budget airlines remains at an extremely low level. Low-cost airlines operate only two international flights from the airport. There are no low-cost airlines in the structure of the domestic route network. Analysis of the route network of the airport in Voronezh, which is comparable to Samara airport in terms of passenger traffic, proved that the number of low-cost airline destinations is only 6,67 %. The data from the analysis of the route network of airports in the North Caucasus Federal district, where the share of destinations of budget airlines is from 6,67 % to 62,50 %, served as evidence of the growth of passenger traffic at airports that actively develop cooperation with budget airlines. A significant number of airports in the North Caucasus Federal district, based on the results of operations in 2018, showed high passenger growth rates. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption that the development of low-cost air carriers in the structure of Kurumoch airport (Samara), in the conditions of overcoming the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, can serve as the main factor of growth and development. The author of the study presents the data from the analysis of the route network of the two largest budget airlines in Europe: «Ryanair» and «EasyJet» in the structure of the airport of Bordeaux (France). The share of European budget airlines in the structure of the route network of regional airports in France ranges from 30 % to 80 %, which allows regional airports to demonstrate high passenger traffic. A significant share of low-cost airlines flights is made up of short-and medium-length flights (from 500 to 1 000 km), which allows us to achieve high performance indicators of the aircraft fleet, which is a fundamental factor in the strategy of low-cost airlines. The result of the study is the conclusion that the development of low-cost airline destinations can become a key driver for the development of regional airports in Russia. As a justification for the conclusion, the author presents a model for the development of promising destinations for budget airlines and provides data on the possible growth of annual passenger traffic at Kurumoch airport (Samara) when opening destinations for low-cost airlines.

Prospects for Social and Economic Development of Krasnodar Krai in the Context of National Transport Infrastructural Projects

The discrepancy between the pace of economic growth rates, needs of enterprises and population for transportation, quality of the road network is a significant infrastructural limitation for growth. The paper is devoted to the analysis of large scale investment projects aimed at the removal of infrastructural restrictions, i.e. the national project “Secure and High-Quality Roads” and “Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of Main Infrastructure”. It is noted that the project “Secure and High-Quality Roads” for Krasnodar Krai will become a prerequisite for the effectiveness of transport infrastructure. “Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of the Main Infrastructure” including such federal projects as “Europe – Western China”, “Sea Ports of Russia”, “Northern Sea Route”, “Railway Transport and Transit”, “Transport and Logistics Centers”, “Communications Between the Centers of Economic Growth”, “Development of Regional Airports and Routes”, “High-Speed Rail Links”, “Inland Waterways” will increase the investment activity in the transport sector of the region. The paper presents the results of statistical analysis aimed at the identification of significant economic effect from capital investments in the road infrastructure of Krasnodar Krai. It is revealed that investments into transport and communications stimulate the economic growth and also reduce the accident rate on highways in the long run. In addition, the increase in the density of paved public roads stimulates the passenger turnover in the short run and is also a significant factor in the reduction of the accident rate. The downward trend of paved roads in the total length of roads indicates the necessity to invest in the improvement of the quality of existing roads. The author emphasizes that in order to achieve the goals mentioned in the infrastructural projects under analysis, it is necessary to improve the monitoring system of content and development of the infrastructural frame of the territory, evaluate the effectiveness of administrative decisions for the accomplishment of the goals indicated in the infrastructural projects under analysis.

A magyar regionális repülőterek fejlődése nemzetközi összehasonlításban

Az Európai Unióban a polgári és a katonai repülés fejlesztése kiemelt célkitűzés. Az európai kormányok kiemelt módon támogatják a repülőtéri infrastruktúrák fejlesztésére irányuló befektetéseket tekintettel azok egyre növekvő szerepére az egyes régiók iparának és turizmusának fejlesztésében és védelmében, végső soron az ország gazdasági fejlődésében. Magyarországon, a regionális repülőtereinken az utas- és áruforgalom jelenleg még alacsony szinten folyik, de jelentős növekedés remélhető a jövőben az erre vonatkozó nemzetközi trendek alapján, különösen az üzleti célú és az alacsony költségvetésű repülőgépek egyre növekvő ütemű elterjedésével. A legtöbb európai uniós országban a regionális repülőterek fejlesztése kulcsszerepet játszik az egyes régiók és az ország fejlesztésében.

Air Route Selection for Beijing Capital International Airport Based on an Improved TOPSIS Method

Multi-airport system has become the focus of civil aviation industry in China. To realize the coordinated development of regional airports, it requires adjustment and optimization of the airline network according to airports’ functional orientation. This paper puts forward an index system for Beijing capital airport air route evaluation based on the devolopment of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional multi-airport system. An improved Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method is proposed, and the order relation analysis method is combined with improved entropy weight method to get the index weights, providing an effective method for domestic air routes evaluation and selection.

Development of Regional Airports in Poland

In Poland, for many years the access to air transport for the average citizen was very limited, both in terms of cost and distance from the airport. After the liberalization of the aviation market and the introduction of the policy of "open skies" this situation has, however, changed dramatically. The emergence of low-cost carriers definitely increased the availability of air transport in financial terms. It had also a great influence on the development of regional airports, which so far played only a subordinate role in relation to the country's central airport in Warsaw airport. The development of regional airports largely removed the territorial limitation of the availability of air transport, since it is from these ports that you can now get to many parts of Europe and the world. Therefore, we are now seeing a continuous increase in the significance of regional airports. This trend concerns not only Poland, but also many other European countries. The purpose of this article is to determine the degree of development of regional airports in Poland and an indication of their role in the country's aviation market against the background of trends in air transport in selected EU countries. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n4p625

Performance of Polish regional airports after accessing the European Union: Does liberalisation impact on airports' efficiency?

The accession of Poland and nine other countries into the structures of the European Union in May 2004 resulted in their airspaces being covered by the Open Skies agreement. Deregulation and the entry of low cost carriers into these markets contributed to a dynamic growth in air traffic, which most strongly influenced the operations and development of regional airports. In order to determine the impact of EU accession and the Open Skies agreement on the productivity of airports, the performance of four Polish regional airports was analysed and compared during the periods 2000–2004 and 2005–2010, using the two-stage PCA–DEA method. The aim of this paper is also an attempt to address adequate variables for the two-stage DEA. The reference group comprised 11 German airports, which represented a similar but mature market.

Developmental Aspects of Regional Airports in the Czech Republic

This paper aims to compare the developmental aspects of regional airports in the Czech Republic. Only international airports were included in the selection, namely airports with an IATA code (IATA – International Air Transport Association). The following factors affected the selection of airports: air transport volume and the runway length. All public international airports with scheduled and non-scheduled commercial traffic have been included in the selection, these airports being The Brno – Tuřany Airport (BRQ), Leoš Janáček Airport Ostrava (OSR), Pardubice Airport (PED) and Karlovy Vary Airport (KLV). The list intentionally excludes the Vaclav Havel Airport (PRG), which, being the airport of the capital city, would have excessive impact on the evaluation of the monitored statistical data. In terms of individual airports, the author evaluates the impact of runway parameters, reference field length and the parameters of radio navigation and lighting equipment. Other monitored aspects include the population of the respective cities (or cities where the airport is located), the airport's location relative to the city centre and its transport connection. The last monitored aspect is the impact of competing foreign airports from across the border on the regional airport's development. The aim is to prove or disprove the idea that the airport with best equipment and location (airport with the greatest potential) should exhibit the best performance in terms of the number of passengers throughput, number of movements and the cargo throughput.

Regional airports and the accessibility of mountain areas: networks, importance and contribution to development

The role and importance of regional airports in mountain areas is examined in this paper. From regional airports serving mountain areas to high-altitude aerodomes (altiports) and airstrips (altisurfaces) in mountain resorts, the question of accessibility is examined at different scales. Also investigated are the ways in which air transport is integrated into intermodal transport systems serving tourist areas, most notably mountain resorts. Many airports serving mountain areas are faced with problems of over-sizing or seasonal congestion, given the highly seasonal and specific nature of their use. Issues such as the socio-economic and environmental integration of regional airports are also extremely important for mountain areas. Altiports and altisurfaces can contribute substantially to the tourism development of mountain regions by improving accessibility for visitors and through leisure aviation. As a result, regional airports have a substantial impact on an area's image, whether they are viewed positively, as an aid to development, or negatively, as harmful to the environment. Several case studies that highlight different aspects of regional air transport in mountain areas were the basis for the present analysis. The story of Air Alpes illustrates the specifities of regional airport development in the Alps, and particularly in France. Links between the United Kingdom and Chambery and Grenoble airports, which are dominated by low-cost airlines, are also the focus of attention. Examples of mountain-periphery and extra-mountain airports in France, Switzerland and Nepal are examined, by way of looking at the larger picture, in order to investigate the formation of networks, the importance of regional airports and their contribution to regional development.

Regional airports' environmental management: key messages from the evaluation of ten European airports

In a modern society, connectivity is the basis for economic competitiveness, social reform, regional development and cultural exchange. City airports serving mature markets have already expanded to meet existing and future demand and the challenge for the airport industry is now focused on the development of the secondary and regional airports to accommodate further air transport demand. Consequently, regional airports attract the interest of investors by providing new business opportunities. Although airports bring significant benefits to local and national economy, their contribution to environment disturbance in local and global scale is significant. As a result of the growing environmental sensitivity, airport environmental management is a crucial element of the aviation industry development. This is for reasons related to the control of community and nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) complaints on one hand, and to meet the regional and national targets set by the civil aviation and local authorities on the other hand. Especially for regional airports, the need to identify the environmental issues is essential, because their business development is directly linked to disturbance in the environment and to the local/national communities’ level of tolerance. Although environmental management process is crucial to regional airport development, there is little research related to measuring the efficiency and the performance of their environmental management systems. Nevertheless, not many regional airports, especially those serving fewer than 5 million passengers, annually, have set specific targets for their environmental performance. This paper presents the results of the evaluation of 10 European regional airports’ environmental plans. Conventional wisdom is to provide some key messages, in order to improve the planning and decision process in airport environment management, as well as highlight some recommendations for further research in the future. The key research finding is that the national legislation framework and resident’s ethics along with the airport business factions (such as the management scheme, the location topology and the airport size) are essential elements strongly related to regional airport’s environmental efficiency.

Measuring the Efficiency of Ariports in China with the DEA and Endogenous-Weight TFP Methods.

The study of Chinese airport efficiency has been largely neglected, despite the Chinese civil aviation industry's recent impressive growth. The authors used the Data Envelopment Analysis and Endogenous-Weight Total Factor Productivity methods to study Chinese airport operational efficiency at 41 facilities, including regional airports, regional hubs, and international hubs. The study's empirical results show that among Chinese airports there is a statistically significant operational efficiency variation, and that strongly increasing returns to scale are exhibited by most Chinese airports, especially relatively efficient ones. Accordingly, a significant widening of the efficiency gap between Chinese airports may occur if investment is focused solely on efficient airports. A policy may need to be devised by the Civil Aviation Administration of China, therefore, not only to improve the operational efficiency of major airports, but also to maintain balanced regional airport development nationwide.