Development Of Positive Attitudes Research Articles

Eating Behaviors and Its Determinants: A Cross-Sectional Study In Autistic and Non-Autistic Children

Aim: Autism has increased globally, and it impacts nutrition. Factors related to mealtime behaviors of autistic children are understudied, especially in low-and-middle-income countries. Thus, this study aims to compare the eating and mealtime behaviours of autistic children (n=60) with a non-autistic sample (n=62) from Istanbul, Türkiye. Material and Methods: Parents were asked to complete a face-to-face questionnaire that included Children's Eating Behavior Inventory (CEBI) and anthropometric measures. MANCOVAs were used for comparing factors scores of CEBI between autistic and non-autistic participants by adjusting for potential covariates. Results: “Child’s Positive Eating Behavior” and “Adverse conditions in terms of child at the mealtime” (such as vomiting and choking) factors differed significantly depending on the autism status although negative eating behaviors during and after the mealtime were present in both groups. No statistically significant differences were found between the autism and comparison group on BMI percentile along with age and sex of the children. Conclusion: Our results highlight the need for evaluating the nutrition status of children at every age by not only using anthropometric measures and dietary intake, but also assessing eating behaviors. Families could be guided on regulating their children's nutritional behaviors by focusing on development of positive attitudes.

Oral translanguaging in telecollaboration: Effects on EFL learner intercultural awareness, learning and communicative competence

This study reported the intercultural communicative competence (ICC) development of twenty-one Taiwanese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) college students who participated in a five-week Taiwan-New Zealand telecollaboration program, Kindling, in a multimodal online environment. To this end we investigated 1) the association between their oral translanguaging practices and development of ICC, and 2) aspects of intercultural learning that impacted their translanguaging experience. Data included recordings of group-based online communication and reflection notes on their online Quality Talk (QT) discussions, to which we applied content analysis based on ICC framework. The findings indicated that oral translanguaging facilitated students' development of positive attitudes toward intercultural awareness and learning. Analysis of the cultural comparisons and perspective shifts recorded in their QT reflection notes revealed ways in which students experienced dynamic aspects of intercultural learning through oral translanguaging. These results encourage researchers and practitioners to provide opportunities for language learners’ ICC development and intercultural learning through oral translanguaging opportunities in digitally mediated socialization through telecollaboration.

Development of Attitudes in First Year Engineering Design

Relatively few studies have been conducted to analyze how design courses change student attitudes towards engineering design. The first-year engineering program at USask includes an introductory design course that focuses on Problem Definition. One of the course learning objectives is the development of positive attitudes towards various facets of engineering design. As part of quality assurance in this regard, a survey tool was developed to assess student attitudes towards design. The survey, conducted in 2021 and 2022, included up to 18 statements. Each student rated their agreement with each statement on a 5-point Likert scale. Results were analyzed by comparing differences in response frequencies from students at the end of 2021 and 2022, and from before and after the design course in 2022. As well, one multiple-choice and two open-ended text responses were gathered and coded for each end-of-course survey. Results from the two cohorts were similar, in spite of some logistical differences between the two years. Also, attitudes across several of the statements were positively and significantly impacted by the design course suggesting that the course is meeting its objectives of developing positive attitudes towards design, and is doing so on a year-over-year basis.

Literasi Sains: Cinta Lingkungan Untuk Peserta Didik SD I Watujara

The purpose of this activity is to improving environmental literacy in elementary schools. Environmental science literacy is a combination of science concepts and the development of positive attitudes towards nature. This activity was carried out at SDI Watujara, involving students in grades IV, V, V. The method used in this service activity is in the form of situation analysis, socialization approach, problem identification, determining work objectives, implementing activities and evaluating the results of activities. The results of the activity showed an increase in the understanding of SDI Watujara students regarding the conceptions related to the theme of environmental love. The results of this service provide a basis for implementing similar programs in other schools and show the potential of PKM programs in facilitating the development of science literacy and environmental awareness among students. The conclusion of this research is expected to motivate relevant parties to integrate science literacy programs on environmental love at the elementary level to achieve a broader positive impact.

Tasting to preserve: An educational activity to promote children's positive attitudes towards intraspecific diversity conservation.

On the edge of causing the sixth big mass extinction event, the development of positive attitudes towards the conservation of intraspecific diversity from early ages is essential to overcome the biodiversity crisis we currently face. However, there is no information available on elementary school students' attitudes toward intraspecific diversity conservation nor is there a framework available to perform such analysis. For this study we designed, implemented, and evaluated an educational activity planned for third graders (8 to 13 years old) to explore the intraspecific diversity of vegetables and promote healthy eating habits. Additionally, a framework was developed to evaluate students' attitudes towards intraspecific diversity conservation and applied to semi-structured interviews conducted with students before and after engaging in the educational activity. In this paper we present a reliable framework, developed aligned with the ABC model of attitudes, based on literature, and adapted to elementary school students' responses, to evaluate students' attitudes toward intraspecific diversity. Our results show that, before the educational activity, most students choose a non-biodiverse option, justifying this choice with the affective component of attitudes: mostly emotional factors but also aesthetic and social/cultural factors. After the educational activity, we observed a significant increase in the frequency of students that choose the biodiverse option and that justified it with the cognitive component of attitudes: mainly with biology and health knowledge factors, but also with economic and ethical knowledge factors. Our findings support the positive impact of educational activities that explore vegetable varieties on students' attitudes toward intraspecific diversity conservation. This activity may also be used to foster education for sustainability and address socioscientific issues aligned with diverse sustainable development goals.

Анализ социокультурных факторов физической активности населения в различных культурах

This article examines the relationship between the occurrence of non-communicable diseases and the level of physical activity in regions with various cultures. The World Health Organization statistics on diseases such as obesity and hypertension and physical activity data are taken as indicators. Particular attention is given to describing the cultural factors motivating the population to get engaged in sport and physical activity in countries such as Japan, India, China and the USA. The author touches upon the philosophical and religious foundations of the individual’s and society’s attitude to improving physical abilities in Eastern and Western cultures, as well as the special attitude of Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism to the interaction between the individual and society. In her reasoning the author relies on the differences in the priority goals of the individual in different cultural spaces. The author highlights the role of the collective-individual in the mass enthusiasm for physical exercise in the East and the development of professional sport in the West. The key factor here is the pronounced individualism of modern culture in Western Europe and North America. Particular attention is paid to educational approaches and the infl uence of the family on the development of positive attitudes towards physical activity. And also how orientation on family values infl uences formation of high level motivation to physical self-improvement. The article briefl y points out the reasons for the decline of physical activity and sports in modern Russia. The author concludes that cultural differences are a key factor that should be taken into account when planning social policy with regard to health and sport.

Variables predictoras del uso de los métodos anticonceptivos en jóvenes: una revisión sistemática

ObjectiveTo analyse predictor variables of contraceptive method use in young people. DesignSystematic review. Data sourcesPubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Cuiden Plus, LILACS and IME databases were consulted. Study selectionAn assessment of the quality of studies was carried out by two researchers in parallel. As a result, a total of 5 primary research studies were selected. Data extractionInformation was extracted on the selected study population, contraceptive method studied and predictor variables identified. ResultsSeven predictor variables were identified that specifically explain the use of the male condom, contraceptive pill or emergency contraceptive pill. The most relevant variables were the level of knowledge and attitudes towards contraceptive use, therefore high knowledge and positive attitudes increase the likelihood of contraceptive use. Another notable finding was the presence of a formative bias with women having higher knowledge of hormonal contraceptive options and more positive attitudes. ConclusionFuture training programs should be oriented towards assessing behavioral changes through the development of positive attitudes towards contraceptive use by gaining knowledge of contraceptive options.

Status of Inclusive Healthcare Services in Nigeria

Introduction: Throughout the world, the number of persons with disabilities (PWDs) is growing exponentially as a result of factors such as population increase, ageing, and medical advances that prolong life. This has increased the demand for quality health services, especially in developing countries. Aim: The aim of this research is to assess the attitudes towards PWDs of “direct” and “indirect” healthcare service providers at the University College Hospital (UCH) in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: The researchers analyzed the open-ended comments from 81 healthcare providers from the hospital, regarding their knowledge and attitudes towards patients with disabilities. Results: The authors classified the unsolicited comments into three main categories, thus: “institutional-level actions advocated”, “society-level changes advocated”, and “individual-level perception or attitude.” Conclusion: This project has implications for reform and development of medical services in Nigeria. It identifies specific areas of need to improve the quality of healthcare service pertaining to PWDs and their families, especially in relation to the removal of architectural barriers, the development of positive attitudes, the formulation and implementation of effective legislation, and improved pre- and in-service training of healthcare workers in line with signed domestic and international protocols.

Жеке тұлғаның бойында креативтілікті дамытудың тиімді жолдары

In the past decade, scholars have begun to look at the role of intergroup forgiveness in reducing conflict and improving prospects for maintaining and strengthening peace between groups of peoples. The construct of forgiveness, until recently, was mainly characterized as an individual phenomenon. It is important to study the process of forgiveness between groups or peoples affected by past conflicts, both on a symbolic and physical level. Post-conflict intergroup forgiveness depends on the processes of social identity, collective guilt and shame, intergroup contact, group emotions and is supported by the development of positive attitudes. The interpretation of events affects the process of forgiveness. It is important to explore the historical context and consequences of various historical events. Our article deals with a specific example, which means forgiveness of one group of another group. The social context includes the historical conflict over the discrimination of European Jews in Germany on ethnic grounds. Based on the analysis of the social context, it is possible to try to make a forecast regarding the prospects for intergroup forgiveness between representatives of the two peoples, which today is still relevant due to the growth of nationalist sentiments in the world. Thus, paying attention to the social context will allow us to analyze both the role of interpersonal forgiveness in the historical context and its contribution to explaining and exploring differences in intergroup forgiveness.

Роль межличностного и межгруппового прощения в историческом контексте

In the past decade, scholars have begun to look at the role of intergroup forgiveness in reducing conflict and improving prospects for maintaining and strengthening peace between groups of peoples. The construct of forgiveness, until recently, was mainly characterized as an individual phenomenon. It is important to study the process of forgiveness between groups or peoples affected by past conflicts, both on a symbolic and physical level. Post-conflict intergroup forgiveness depends on the processes of social identity, collective guilt and shame, intergroup contact, group emotions and is supported by the development of positive attitudes. The interpretation of events affects the process of forgiveness. It is important to explore the historical context and consequences of various historical events. Our article deals with a specific example, which means forgiveness of one group of another group. The social context includes the historical conflict over the discrimination of European Jews in Germany on ethnic grounds. Based on the analysis of the social context, it is possible to try to make a forecast regarding the prospects for intergroup forgiveness between representatives of the two peoples, which today is still relevant due to the growth of nationalist sentiments in the world. Thus, paying attention to the social context will allow us to analyze both the role of interpersonal forgiveness in the historical context and its contribution to explaining and exploring differences in intergroup forgiveness.

HOTEL MANAGEMENT EDUCATION WITH THE CREATIVE DRAMA METHOD: A FOLLOW-UP STUDY

Purpose - The aim of this research is to determine if the creative drama method, which has been shown to be effective in hotel management education, is also effective when applied to another student group. Design - A quasi-experimental design was used in the hotel management course taught using the creative drama method and direct instruction. Methodology - The research onion model and a quantitative method were used. A pre-test, a post-test, retention tests, and an attitude scale towards the course were applied to both the control and experimental groups. The time horizon of the study is cross-sectional, as the study was carried out over a specific time period. In the research, data were collected with achievement tests with difference analyses being made. Approach - Based on the idea that information regarding the effectiveness of this method can only be accessed with data obtained by experimentation, a positivist approach is adopted. Findings - The creative drama method is effective in terms of academic success, retention of knowledge, and development of positive attitudes toward the course, even when applied to a different group of students. Originality of the research - The efficiency of the creative drama method in tourism education is not limited to the study group and is not random.

Investigating the effectiveness of flipped classroom model in a mathematics education course in Greece

An alternative instructional model, which due to the social reality created by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is gaining more and more popularity in the global educational community, is the so called “flipped classroom”. In this paper we give the details of a one-week qualitative research we conducted in order to explore the effectiveness of the flipped classroom model in an undergraduate “mathematics education” course in Greece. The study involved thirty third-year math students, whose achievements and perceptions were captured with the help of questionnaire, task, personal interviews, and open discussion in the class. The analysis of the research data indicated increased engagement of the students, development of positive attitudes about the learning, control of the learning pace, autonomy in managing the time required for study and relative improvement of students’ performance in problem solving and teamwork. At the same time, several challenges emerged. The main ones concerned the demand for frequent active students’ participation in the educational process, the management of queries during the homework, the doubts about the effectiveness of the method on difficult teaching subjects, as well as the time and skill requirements for preparing such a lesson.

The Development of Positive Attitudes towards Learning Mathematics in Primary School Students

The Development of Positive Attitudes towards Learning Mathematics in Primary School Students

The effect of training with the Pecha Kucha method on the attitudes of chronically ill women toward COVID-19 vaccination

ABSTRACT In this study, it was aimed to plan a training program regarding vaccination chronically ill women group and investigate the effects of providing this training with the Pecha Kucha method on attitudes toward vaccination. This study was carried out between August 2021 and September 2021 using a pretest-posttest, prospective, randomized-controlled experimental design with an effect size (Cohen’s d) of 1.005. The study was completed with 35 patients in each of the experimental and control groups. An introductory information form and the Attitudes toward the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale were used to collect data. While vaccination training was given to the experimental group via smartphones using the Pecha Kucha method, it was given to the control group with the classical verbal instruction method. The data were collected before the training, right after the training, and 3 months after the training. The statistical analyses included Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Friedman test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. In the second and third measurements, the rate of positive attitudes toward the vaccine and the rate of vaccination were higher in the experimental group (p < .05, p < .05). Training regarding vaccination via smartphones using the Pecha Kucha method may play a role in the development of positive attitudes toward the vaccine and the improvement of vaccination rates.

Job resources and work engagement: the mediating role of basic need satisfaction

Contemporary work psychology indicates that improving the functioning of employees and organizations takes place not only through the prevention of harmful factors but also through the development of positive attitudes towards work. According to the job demands-resources model, it can be assumed that resources are an important factor leading to work engagement. However, the authors of this concept also suggest that the role of resources is also to meet needs. In turn, according to the self-determination theory, the key to the development of intrinsic motivation and thus also work engagement is the satisfaction of basic needs. Therefore, hypotheses argue that resources in the form of the influence at work, possibilities for development, and social community at work are positively related to work engagement. And also that the satisfaction of basic needs, respectively autonomy, competence, and relatedness, are the mediators of these relationships. Data were collected among 200 workers aged 18-35, employed to work in direct contact with customers. Job resources were measured with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) subscales. Basic psychological need satisfaction was measured with the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale at Work. Work Engagement was measured with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Regression analyses with mediation effects were performed for 3 models. It has been shown that Influence at work is a predictor of Work engagement and this relationship is mediated by Autonomy satisfaction. Possibilities for development are positively related to Work engagement, in this relationship, the mediator is Competence satisfaction. In the relationship between the Social community at work and Work engagement, the mediator is the relatedness satisfaction. The results have confirmed hypotheses regarding the mediating role of need satisfaction in the relationship between job resources and work engagement. Despite the limitations of the study, the results obtained confirm and develop the job demands-resources and self-determination theories. Med Pr. 2022;73(5):407-16.

The Main Models of Change Management in Kurt Lewin's Thinking

The early and end steps of the change acceptor reaction model have been studied. Kurt Lewin's concept of change management thinking is something that has to be revisited. This research focuses on the intermediate phases of change rather than the pre-change antecedents or consequences of change. The act of altering the antecedent as well as the explicit response to change. Investigate the attitudes and reactions of followers to change from the standpoint of the change process. Researchers do so by using the notion of change evaluation to investigate cognitive and behavioral development. Unlike most change research, which focuses on the negative aspects of change, the notion of specific evaluation follows the development of positive attitudes toward change, manager attitudes, and behavioral changes relating to routines and processes, work practices, and traditions. This research focuses solely on the opinions and views of followers. Followers, on the other hand, are not merely beneficiaries of change; they also have an impact on the process and its outcomes. The application of management in Kurt Lewin's own theory is related to change management, which is always utilized as a reference point to examine a stigma.

Attitudes of Primary School Pupils to Physical Education

Background: The descriptive study focuses on pupils’ attitudes towards physical education lessons. There are also two other issues discussed in the physical education community. The first is P.E. assessment of pupils. The second issue is relieving from P.E. lessons. The motivation of pupils at the beginning of school and the subsequent evaluation of their activity is important for development of positive attitudes among all pupils. Aim: The aim of the research is to find out how pupils perceive P.E. lessons because physical activities are important for health and a healthy lifestyle. Methods: The data were statistically analyzed in the R program. The Chí-square test for non-parametric data was used to assess statistical significance. We used the coefficient of determination to evaluate material significance. Results: Almost 88% of respondents engage in sports activities at different levels. Material significance is found in the following cases: Physical Education is more popular with boys and is also much more important for boys. Statistical significance wasn’t found for two items. Conclusion: We see a link between the low level of motor abilities and the reasons for the absence of pupils in Physical Education classes, as well as their positive feelings when P.E. classes get cancelled.

Association between parents’ and children’ implicit and explicit attitudes towards physical activity and sedentary behaviors

Purpose. The present study aimed to explore the associations between parents’ physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SED) and their explicit and implicit attitudes towards these behaviors and their children’s PA and SED, and attitudes. Children’s and parents’ age and gender were taken into account. Method. One hundred and seven dyads composed of one parent (Mage = 42.9 years) and her/his child (Mage = 11.6 years) completed questionnaires assessing behaviors and explicit attitudes towards PA and SED. Implicit attitudes were evaluated with an Implicit Association Test. Results. Parents’ PA was positively correlated with their children’s PA. No significant correlation was noted for SED, implicit and explicit attitudes. Results from hierarchical regression analyses showed that children’s explicit attitudes towards PA were negatively associated with parents’ SED. Except for an unexpected result (i.e., children’s implicit attitudes were positively associated with parents’ explicit attitudes towards PA), no other association was found. Conclusion(s). This study is the first to investigate the association between parents’ and their children’s implicit and explicit attitudes towards PA and SED. The results indicate that focusing on the increase of PA, on the decrease of SED and the development of positive attitudes towards PA in both children and parents could be an interesting mean to promote PA in interventions aiming to improve families’ health.

The development of positive attitudes toward mental health among university nursing students: Countering the role of social desirability

This study analyses the evolution of attitudes of nursing students towards mental health, paying particular attention to the influence of social desirability. Prospective longitudinal repeated-measures study in a sample of nursing students who completed the Community Attitudes toward Mental Illness scale and The Social Desirability Scale. After their training, and after adjusting for social desirability, students of female gender recognized attitudes that foster humanistic values than their male counterparts. However, attitudes of restrictiveness and authoritarianism continued to be manifested significantly when the students themselves had mental health problems (MHPs), had had previous training, or were older. University courses should continue to foster attitudes of acceptance and destigmatization of people with MHPs, through responses that value authenticity.

ATTITUDES TOWARDS SENIORS IN THE CONTEXT OF PREVIOUS FAMILY RELATIONS EXPERIENCE

Observation of reality shows that the attitude of today's society towards the elderly is very heterogenous and ambivalent. Both positive and negative attitudes can be observed. What is more, one can talk about attitudes of indifference and a certain social distance. The main goal of the research is to show how attitudes towards the elderly are shaped in our society and whether demographic variables such as gender, age, marital status, place of residence, or level of education differentiate these attitudes. Can we talk about the formation of certain patterns among the younger generation, which create the image of older people in adults? The sample consisted of 1,025 people. The Scale of Attitudes towards Seniors (SPWS) by Łukasiewicz and Kowalski was administered. The entire tool consisted of 60 items divided into three scales: Respect and Support, Rejection and Misunderstanding, and Social Distance. In order to examine the attitudes of the respondents to their grandparents and their role in family life, seven self-authored statements were attached to the questionnaire. The analysis of the obtained results shows no significant differences between positive and negative attitudes towards seniors. All attitudes are at a moderate level. The factors differentiating the intensity of attitudes were: gender, marital status, place of residence, and education level. The indicator of the development of positive attitudes towards seniors was the time spent with grandparents in the past and positive opinions about grandparents provided by parents. Earlier intergenerational relations are of no significant importance when it came to the intensification of negative attitudes. The research confirmed the existence of heterogeneous attitudes towards seniors. However, there is no clear advantage of positive attitudes over the negative. The conclusions from the research point to the role of broadly understood education in shaping attitudes towards the elderly. In the age of an ageing society, activities that show the significance of older people for society, and what value they are for all of us, become important. The family and multigenerational relationships play a significant role here.