Development Of Peri-urban Areas Research Articles

Strategies for Development of Peri-Urban Area: A Case Study of Rourkela

Abstract: Peri-urban areas, the transitional zones between urban and rural environments, are increasingly being targeted for sustainable development due to their rapid expansion and unique challenges. This paper explores development strategies for these areas, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that integrates economic growth, social equity, and environmental sustainability. Key factors driving peri-urban growth include urban sprawl, population migration, and economic opportunities. The study highlights the pressures these areas face, such as inadequate infrastructure, environmental degradation, and social disparities. Comprehensive planning, including land use management, infrastructure development, and community participation, is crucial for fostering resilient peri-urban regions. Case studies from different geographical contexts illustrate successful interventions and policies, including mixed-use developments, green infrastructure, and governance frameworks. The findings suggest that sustainable development in peri-urban areas requires a multi-faceted approach, aligning local initiatives with regional planning efforts.

Bridging Global Policy-making and Local Intensive Developments in the Urban Voids of a Megacity: Insights from Bangkok

Megacities and rapidly urbanizing territories are contemporary issues which have now reached international attention and institutional recognition. Megacities and rapidly urbanizing territories in Southeast Asia especially are subject to both intensive and extensive patterns of growth that are reflected by the dynamics of densification in consolidated urban areas and loss of agricultural lands due to development in peri-urban areas. The New Urban Agenda and the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide an international shared understanding of policies and knowledge to tackle, among other issues, loss of agricultural land, general land use management, segregation and inequalities within megacities and rapidly urbanizing regions. However, oftentimes, this international level of policy-making loses its strength when the urban issues are scaled down to local applications. Influenced by the presence of local private interests and global economic forces, the local urban processes of intensive and extensive growth appear to be detached from the general international policy framework and affected by site-specific dynamics. This article examines the level of this separation in Bangkok, especially in regards to a specific kind of the aforementioned intensive growth at the metropolitan scale, the development of the urban voids - terrain vague. I discuss how this separation is more evident in those empty, underused, and abandoned areas where possible intensive developments could happen. Furthermore, I evaluate this separation by reflecting on how it can affect the upcoming future of the megacity of Bangkok.

Beyond informality: ‘Nimble peri-urban land transactions’ - how migrants on the margins trade, access and hold land for settlement

How do migrants on the margins trade, access, and hold land for settlement? This ethnographic inquiry based on a case study of Malawian migrants in peri-urban Zimbabwe revealed the practice of ‘Nimble peri-urban land transactions’—encompassing not only the extralegal and informal aspects of land transactions but also emphasising flexibility, agility, conviviality and invisibility in land acquisition. What sets ‘Nimble peri-urban land transactions’ apart from the characterisation of conventional informal land transactions is the profound role played by ‘conviviality’ in creating a congenial atmosphere for acquiring and securing land rights. Individuals in convivial connections act as essential intermediaries, witnesses, and mediators in land deals. Their contributions are instrumental in maintaining spatial orderliness within the community, demonstrating that informal land transactions are not always chaotic or disorderly as perceived but can adhere to a well-structured set of ‘nimble’ norms and mechanisms that regulate land access and ownership. Nimble peri-urban land transactions not only provide a lifeline to individuals and families seeking a place to call home but also contribute to the overall urbanisation and development of peri-urban areas. Thus, the study challenges prevailing notions of land governance by emphasising the importance of recognising and comprehending not only the ‘informality’ but also the ‘nimble transactions’ that characterise land markets in peri-urban areas. It calls for a more holistic approach to land governance, acknowledging that rigid formalities alone may not adequately address the unique needs and realities of marginalised populations in these contexts.

The Urban Sprawl Typology and The Urban Growth Pattern of Peri-Urban Area in Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh

After the 2004 tsunami, Banda Aceh experienced rapid urbanization to the south and east of the city as the city grew further away from the coastline. As a result, the urban area grew beyond the city boundary into Aceh Besar Regency, especially in Darul Imarah and Ingin Jaya sub-districts. Hence, these sub-districts experienced rapid development, characterized by extensive conversion of agricultural land into built-up areas. Therefore, uncontrolled development in peri-urban areas will lead to urban sprawl causing negative environmental, economic, and social impacts. This study aims to study the level of urban sprawl and examine the urban growth pattern in peri-urban areas, focusing on Darul Imarah and Ingin Jaya sub-districts. This research used scoring analysis and spatial analysis. First, Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) was used to identify built-up areas in 2005 and 2020. Then, the urban growth pattern was analyzed using Landscape Expansion Index (LEI). The classification of urban sprawl was analyzed using five variables: population density, building density, distance to the city center, development within reach of road network, and leapfrog development patterns. The results showed that 33 villages (40%) in the study area were identified as sprawl. In addition, seven villages (21.2%) were classified as high-level urban sprawl, nine villages (27.3%) as medium level, and 17 villages (51.5%) as low level. Urban sprawl development was dominated by the ribbon development pattern (49.6%), concentric pattern 40.8%, and leapfrog pattern 9.6%. The ribbon development occurred along the main road, while the concentric pattern occurred around the current urban subcenter. The urban sprawl has caused negative implications such as higher car ownership and the loss of agricultural land. This research suggests Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar Regency governments cooperate to control the urban sprawl and its negative impact by establishing a more sustainable urban policy and strengthening regional cooperation.

Transformasi Perdesaan: Kajian Fisik, Sosial Ekonomi, dan Laju Transformasi di Wilayah Peri Urban Surakarta

The development of peri urban areas arise as a transition zone from rural into urban nature resulting the changes in characteristics of its area or commonly referred to as rural transformation. The rural transformation case has complexities indicated by the changes in terms of landscape and the shifts in terms of economic structure which previously was caused by the transformation from rural into urban. This research aims to analyze the characteristics which is resulted from the process in rural transformation at the border of Surakarta City, precisely in Colomadu District, and to analyze how fast the transformation is. The data in this research consist of physical aspects which are in the form of image and socio-economic characteristics. The quantitative descriptive analysis and spatial analysis are conducted in this research using remote sensing and map overlays. This research results that the transformation occurred between 2000 up to 2020 in Colomadu District showed significant development in urban characteristics. It is indicated by the shrinkage on agricultural land by 37% and the changes in the socio-economic activities of its society. Besides, there is also an uneven spreading on the rates of transformation in which the high transformation rates are found to be more dominant in those which directly adjacent to Surakarta City.

Development of Peri-Urban Areas in the Bic Cities in the Republic of Bulgaria (On the Example of the City of Varna)

Development of Peri-Urban Areas in the Bic Cities in the Republic of Bulgaria (On the Example of the City of Varna)

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN PERI-URBAN LANDSCAPES - CASE STUDY FROM POLISH METROPOLITAN AREAS

The research literature emphasizes that the dynamic development of peri-urban areas more and more often results in changes in green infrastructure potential, manifested in gradual limitation of open space, decrease in its biodiversity and loss of natural and cultural values. The aim of the study is to identify and evaluate the changes in the structure of the green infrastructure of selected urban and peri-urban areas in Poland. To accomplish this aim, the authors stated a hypothesis that changes in green infrastructure potential depend on the location of municipalities in relation to dynamically growing cities. The research conducted partially confirmed the research hypothesis stated in the study. In core cities and municipalities located up to 25 km from cities, the decrease in agricultural areas is faster at a statistically significant level, and in cities the value of the indicator illustrating the ratio of urban green spaces to developed areas decreases. The potential of the other green infrastructure elements shows growth tendencies and is not related to location.

Green and Compact: A Spatial Planning Model for Knowledge-Based Urban Development in Peri-Urban Areas

A seemingly unresolved debate in urban planning is the call for compactness and the provision of intra-urban green spaces. This article defines a multi-scalar spatial planning model for peri-urban areas and urban voids able to reconcile medium to high building densities with the provision of ecosystem services. The research is framed within design science research, and the theoretical definition of the model was followed by its application to the International Hub for Sustainable Development (HIDS) proposed by the University of Campinas, Brazil. The model’s parameters and indicators derive from a literature review, case studies, and GIS spatial analyses. A series of expert workshops and a survey were carried out to test and validate the model. The results show that the model can support knowledge-based development in peri-urban areas with high levels of population density while ensuring good accessibility to green spaces and productive landscapes. The model can serve as a planning and design tool and support the development of public policies for other contexts committed to more resilient and sustainable development.

THE TYPOLOGY OF PERI – URBAN LAND – USE IN ULEE LHEUE BANDA ACEH CITY

The suburban area is known as the peri-urban area which is a zone in which there is a mixture of rural and urban land structures. The development of peri-urban areas in Indonesia has spread to almost all cities, which are generally large cities. Urban areas that are not able to balance the needs for residential or commercial space will always take up space in the suburban areas, this is also the case in the Peri Urban Ulee Lheue area of Banda Aceh City. The purpose of this study is to identify how the typology of using land in peri urban areas in Ulee Lheue is to know what typology of land use is happening and how a government program has transformed Ulee Lheue as a strategic location for developing tourism areas and public spaces. The method used in this research is direct field observation method or survey and literature study both theory and supporting documents in the research which then performs data analysis by interpreting the data obtained on the basis of the prevailing theory and policies. The results of this study identify that the typology of land use in peri urban areas in Ulee Lheue is dominated by commercial areas and there are unplanned or informal settlements, besides this research is expected to be able to provide knowledge about the typology of land use in a peri urban area.

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities in Nigeria

Rapid urbanization is on the increase especially in the developing countries and, the need for shaping sustainable cities continues to draw widespread recognition and has remained a major concern. Thus, urbanization and sustainable cities in Nigeria is examined using descriptive technique and came up with several lessons. Arable land is declining following fast increasing urban population growth. Arable land may not be capable of sustaining to meet the needs of the future generation, as the urban population continues to increase except appropriate policies are put in place to control it. Nitrous oxide emissions also rise at a faster rate, rising above the urban population growth. Such a trend means jeopardizing sustainable cities. Renewable energy consumption is falling while CO2 emissions are rising, which undermines sustainable city. Urbanization is fast increasing and cities are formed but the cities are not sustainable. We recommend infrastructural development in Peri-urban areas and rural areas. This will facilitate the urbanization process and city borders can be expanded and spread out to absorb neighbouring cities. In this way, urban population agglomerations will reduce and more arable land will be available. Also, the efficient use of renewable energy systems is recommended.

An analysis of urban sprawl in Pakistan: consequences, challenges, and the way forward

Pakistan is urbanizing at a tremendous tempo in South Asia and is the world’s 6th most populous country. The key objectives of this review paper were to evaluate the general situation of urban sprawl in Pakistan, investigate the methodological tactics used in the previously published literature, and identify the major geographical areas yet not been surveyed. This literature review was conducted to collect and synthesize pertinent data from the previously published research papers accessed through the utilization of different databases and search engines. The most recently published research papers (2010-2019) were incorporated in this review article. Those research papers were retrieved which contain data related to urban sprawl in Pakistan. Roundabout 26 research articles were comprehensively reviewed. It was scrutinized that in all these accessed research articles, almost similar methodologies (Case Studies) were utilized. Most of the researchers carried out cross-sectional qualitative and descriptive studies, through secondary data analysis to identify the causes, impact, influence, and consequences of urbanization on agricultural land conversion, migration, changing land ownership patterns, settlement issues, water scarcity, pollution, extinction of botanical species, etc. Migration, development of peri-urban areas around the outer rim of the cities, installation of industrial units, improved infrastructure, and population growth have been concluded as the prime reasons of the rapid urban sprawl in Pakistan. There is a dire need for quantitative and mixed method research to understand and have an insight into the underlying factors of Urbanization in Pakistan.

Typology of the Peri-Urban Area in Demak District

Abstract. The increase in population has an impact on increasing the demand for land. In addition, the available land in the city is relatively limited. Therefore, the development leads to the peri-urban area. The development of the core city will have an impact on the physical, social, and economic transformation of the peri-urban area. Interactions that occur between rural-urban areas can affect the development of peri-urban areas. Interaction between rural-urban areas also occurs in Mranggen Sub – district as the peri – urban area of Semarang. This study aims to examine changes in the typology of peri-urban areas in Mranggen Sub – district, Demak District in 2008 - 2018. This research used a quantitative descriptive method with a spatial approach. The remote sensing data were used as the main data source and document review as secondary data. The change in the typology of Potential Urban to Semi Urban was caused by changes in people's livelihoods, increased education, percentage of permanent buildings, educational facilities, and health facilities. The change in typology from Semi Urban to Predominantly Urban is caused by various variables that cause increasingly urbanization. The results showed a change in the study area, 7 villages changed from the typology of Potential Urban to Semi Urban and 2 villages changed from the Semi Urban typology to Predominantly Urban.

Spatial development planning in peri-urban space of Burdwan City, West Bengal, India: statutory infrastructure as mediating factors

Population growth, economic development, and rural–urban migration have contributed to the rapid growth of peripheral areas in Indian cities. The immigration of population and emergence of new activities are changing these areas, as seen in changes in land use and occupational structures, reduced agricultural activities, and built-up structural development. The city of Burdwan is no exception to this phenomenon of accelerated population growth. With the passage of time, this city is expanding towards peri-urban villages, thereby strongly influencing the peripheral rural settlements in the dimensions of both natural and social resource. Thus, advance spatial development planning of land use and infrastructure for a speedily growing population that is projected is highly important. In the current decade, the use of an environmental approach in the planning of peri-urban areas has gained significant recognition. However, desegregation of socio-economic sectors has been mentioned very loosely. This paper seeks to achieve spatial development in peri-urban areas by taking into account socio-economic and demographic factors along with environmental principles. Hence, the objective for the study is based on a mixed-method approach to assess major problems of a peri-urban space. We applied an interdisciplinary approach which merged household survey and temporal change analysis over three time periods (1991, 2001, and 2011) based on geographical information systems. Results show substantial built-up growth and that agricultural workers drastically decreased in the last twenty years. Finally, considering the structural and functional potential of peri-urban areas, land use zoning plan was prepared. Further, zone-wise development plan was designed for sustainable and intensive development of the city. This study has explicitly focused on quantifying physical and social infrastructure at various spatial scales, which can be implemented in other cities for balanced regional development and in identifying and mitigating disparities for balanced regional development.

The Nexus between Peri-Urban Transformation and Customary Land Rights Disputes: Effects on Peri-Urban Development in Trede, Ghana

Typically, peri-urban areas are havens and vulnerable receptors of customary land rights (CLRs) disputes due to the intrusion of urban activities or an uncoordinated mix of both. Although it is a dictum that CLRs cause setbacks to socioeconomic and spatial development, there seems to be a paucity of empirical studies on the effects of the CLRs disputes on the development of peri-urban areas, especially in developing countries, such as Ghana. This study addresses this issue by establishing a link between peri-urban transformation and emerging CLRs disputes, while assessing the effects of these disputes on the development of peri-urban areas. The study adopted a problem-centered mixed methods approach with a focus on the case of Trede, a town in Ghana transitioning from rural to urban status. Findings reveal that the changes leading to enhancing of peri-urban transformation are also the same changes inducing CLRs disputes in the area. It was found that the implementation of a local land use plan is a critical driver of CLRs disputes in Trede. A land-use plan implemented as a major step in converting rural lands into urban plots, triggered tenurial changes, land market development, high land values, loss of agricultural land, etc., which become recipes for the CLRs disputes in the study area. These CLRs disputes have hatched detrimental consequences on the economic, social, and physical developmental trajectories of Trede. As a way forward, the study proposes measures for peri-urban land management and CLRs dispute prevention.

Comparing the urban form of South European cities using fractal dimensions

This paper compares built-up patterns and the urban form of South European cities using fractal dimensions. Fractal dimensions (D) are estimated in two different ways: (a) using binary images with information only on the built-up and non-built-up areas and (b) using grayscale images that represent the different built-up densities. The Urban Atlas and the Imperviousness-Soil Sealing Degree datasets are used to compute fractal dimensions for the 14 cities in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece and the Mediterranean France with a population exceeding one million. The results indicate that differences in urban form are reflected in the fractal dimensions. Fractal dimensions are higher in cities characterized by a relatively continuous and homogeneous sprawl than in cities with elongated urban form or discontinuous development in periurban areas. In Spanish cities urban development is fragmented with clustered and contrasted patterns and this leads to lower fractal dimensions. In Italian and Portuguese cities, development follows relatively homogeneous patterns and D values are significantly higher. Other key findings of the research indicate that: (a) grayscale fractal dimensions are lower than the corresponding binary ones, nonetheless the relative ranking of the cities according to D remains about the same regardless of the method used and (b) fractal dimensions are highly correlated to the average built-up density.

Approches to Inclusive Urban Development in Peri-Urban Areas

Urbanisation is the continuous and dynamic process. Development is a result of requirement of infrastructure, formation of new towns, political decisions, de-congestion policies, requirement for events like sports and games, Initiation of various programs as planning policies converted into development projects. Paper describes about the various approaches of inclusive sustainable development for Peri-urban area of Navi Mumbai, during the formation of new nodal centers surrounding the transit hub and along the transit corridors taking into account the spatial characteristics of existing Peri-urban town. It includes the study of spatial characteristics of area with various transformations are going on within such areas. These transformations are part and process of undergoing development but this can be regulated by sustainable approaches for development. Initially along with the regional level planning for the area there is need to identify of various issues due to transformation and such sustainable approaches then converted into strategies, policies, guideline for the further development and then practically implemented through project formulation and project execution.

Dinámica geomorfológica y urbanización en áreas periurbanas. Norte de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

Dinámica geomorfológica y urbanización en áreas periurbanas. Norte de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

Agricultural cluster development in peri-urban areas

As often the case with the newly formed peri-urban areas in the outskirts of expanding cities, the territories that surround Tirana face the pressure of converting agricultural land into urbanized areas, resulting in identity loss, environmental deterioration, and high unemployment accompanied by poverty and ultimately a low quality of life. Besides the challenges, the proximity to the capital city also provides advantages, such as economies of scale and scope deriving from the agglomeration of the activities, good access to the labor force, the market, infrastructure, as well as educational and research facilities, constituting therefore the basics for cluster development This paper explores the potential of the area to host cluster development, with a specific attention paid to agricultural clusters that would have an important effect not only to its economic performance but also on the preservation of the territory and the landscape.

Peri-urban transformation in the Jakarta metropolitan area

Peri-urban areas have been commonly defined as transitional zones located in the outskirts of a designated city boundary, where rural and urban characteristics meet each other. Generally, peri-urban area moves away from the metropolitan core following the establishment of urban settlement. Peri-urban transformation in Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) has largely taken the form of large scale land development mushrooming since the early 1990s. The transformation can be seen from the increase of the proportion of migrants, the change in the job's structure, the increasing number of secondary and tertiary sectors jobs, and the increasing of household's income. It is argued that peri-urbanisation has been characterised by the transformation of the socio-economic structure from predominantly rural to more urban activities, and simultaneously creating both jobs and spatial segregation. Large-scale land developments in the peri-urban areas of JMA have characteristically been developed for the benefit for the rich. The unequal development in peri-urban areas has the potential to create social conflicts between communities. The spatial segregation in JMA could be classified as belonging to ‘self-segregation’ or ‘voluntary spatial segregation’.

Creation of Geo-database with System Model for Peri Urban Areas in Southern Part of Chennai Metropolitan Area

The main objective of this study is to develop a GIS based database for peri urban areas and developing a system model for a reasonable density value. Southern part of the Chennai Metropolitan Area has been selected as the study area. This has been divided into five zones with respect to population and growth. This geo-database consists of land use and population data, collected from Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. This study has been done under the do minimum condition of taking 275 persons/ha as density value, zone 4, namely Perumbakkam, the excess of floor area (maximum value) observed in the horizon year 334.96 ha. In a desirable condition, taking the density value as 333 persons/ha in zone 2, namely, Okkiyam thuraipakkam, the excess floor area (maximum value) observed in the horizon year was 795.77 ha, whereas in an extreme condition, taking density value as 500 persons/ha in zone 2, namely, Okkiyam thuraipakkam, the excess floor area (maximum value) observed in the horizon year as 1754.07 ha. We have created the geo database for all the five zones with vital attribute data and system model developed for a density value of 275/ha with growth rate of 6% for every year which shows good result in land area availability in all the five zones. Hence, it is recommended that for the development of peri urban areas in southern part of Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA), this density value may be considered.