Development Of Nuclear Research Research Articles

Radioactive Waste Management Using Ag\CNTs Composite Prepared by Laser Ablation in Liquid

Over the last one to two decades radioactive waste management was a high priority with development of nuclear research, nuclear industrial and medical applications. Radioactive isotopes introduced drastic quantities of radioactive toxic pollutants to the environment. So, recently the evolution of radioactive waste management has focused on the development technological solutions to this problem. Therefore, in this study Strontium hydroxide (nuclear waste) was installed by Carbon nano-tubes sliver nanoparticles Ag\CNTs composite. The Nd-YAG laser with wavelength 1064 nm, energy 750 mJ operate in 100 pulses was used to prepare Ag\CNTs composite. Sr(HO)2 powder was added to the composite with a calculated ratio. The Sr(HO)2 change to strontium carbonate because of absorbing carbon dioxide from the air, the resulting solution becomes CNTs- AgNPs-SrCo3. To dry the solution samples, three drops of the solution were added one by one on glass slides. To check the amount of damage that may cause by radiation on the host material structure (Ag\CNTs), the sample was irradiated by beta source (90Sr/90Y) for different time periods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to measure the structure properties, while the surface structure such as shape and size property was measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM). From XRD spectra its shows that for all samples before and after Beta irradiation showed appetences of higher peaks at 2θ = 25 degree, and the SEM micrograph showed a homogenous distribution of nanoparticles with average particle size about 24nm and the nuclear waste SrCo3 was well decorated the surface of Ag\CNTs and there was not any indications that there are difference in the composite morphology due to beta radiation exposure.

English

This study provides an insight into affecting factors on the development of nuclear research in agriculture from scientists and researchers perspective and also explores the correlations between them.  A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 165 scientists and researchers who work in Nuclear Science and Technology Research center and Biotechnology Institute, Tehran, Iran. Collected data were analyzed using the statistical package SPSS. Statistical measurements were used for description (standard deviations, means, percent and frequencies). For promotion of agricultural research, accurate inspection of government on research activities and governmental policies were identified as the main factors for governmental supports and political factors, respectively. The majority of researchers believed that investing in specialists’ education and using of external researchers in order to exchange information are the top socio-economic and communication factors, respectively. There was a significant correlation between governmental supports, political factors, socio-economic factors, communication factors, years of employment, knowledge of researchers about nuclear technology in agriculture, participation level in agricultural projects with development of nuclear agricultural research. Backward regression of the study indicated that 75% (R2= 0.75) of variance on development of nuclear agricultural research could be explained by variables.   Key words: Communication factors, governmental supports, nuclear research, political factors, socio-economic factors.

Role of Amblyomin-X on microcirculatory vessels, endothelial cell migration and tumor growth

Role of Amblyomin-X on microcirculatory vessels, endothelial cell migration and tumor growth

Abstract LB-167: Identification of ionizing radiation (IR)-responsive mRNA in p53-deficient human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) grown in three-dimensional cell culture system

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been known as the most common human malignancy. The p53 tumor suppressor gene is mutated in approximately 50 % of NSCLC. For treatment of lung cancer, radiotherapy using -ray is general treatment. However, many patients suffer from recurred disease. Therefore, the definite mechanism of radiation based on in vivo mimic system is required for effective remedical value to NSCLC. Most of radiation biology studies were performed in conventional monolayer culture system which can not represent in vivo tumor environment. Hence, study applying in vivo mimic three-dimensional culture system is necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanism of solid tumor. Here, we analyzed gene expression profile induced by ionizing radiation (IR) in H1299 cells grown as spheroid in three-dimensional cell culture system. Our data showed that different gene expression profiles among monolayer culture system, three-dimensional small spheroid and three-dimensional large spheroid system. Particularly, genes related with microenvironment including adhesion junction and hypoxia had different expression level in three-dimensional spheroid system compare with monolayer culture system. This study suggested that in vivo mimic three-dimensional cell culture engineering approach might provide critical clues for understanding of cellular responses in p53 mutated or deleted lung cancer cells against IR. (* This work was supported by Nuclear Research Development Program of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korean government (MEST). (Grand code: 2007-2001431, 2008-2001694, 2009-0078295) from Korea Science and Engineering Foundation) Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-167.

Nuclear Physics in Norway, 1933–1955

In the late 1940s and the 1950s, Norwegian nuclear scientists, engineers, and administrators were deeply split over their nation’s goals, organization, politics, and tools for research in nuclear physics. One faction was determined to build a nuclear reactor in Norway, while another fiercely opposed the reactor plans and focused on particle accelerators. The first faction comprised scientific entrepreneurs and research technologists, the second academic scientists, most of whom began their research careers in nuclear physics in the 1930s. To understand this conflict, I trace the development of nuclear research in Norway from the early 1930s to the mid-1950s, placing it within an international context.

Atomic Power to Israel's Rescue: French-Israeli Nuclear Cooperation, 1949-1957

Discussion OF ISRAEL'S NUCLEAR INITIATIVE between 1947 and 1957 inevitably involves analysis of the relationship with France that moved from congenial ambivalence to unwritten alliance, and then rose to far-reaching cooperation and exclusive friendship in some of the most sensitive areas of national interest. This connection was initially forged during the early the 195os and peaked in 1956-1957. This article will first examine France's development of nuclear research during the Fourth Republic (1946-1958) and its motives for embarking on high-level cooperation with a small fledgling country like Israel, even before France had developed its own nuclear weapons system. Second, the status of Israel's nuclear policy will be traced from its beginning in order to gain an appreciation of the importance of Israel's French orientation in its foreign and security policy, as well as in its own ultra-sensitive field of strategic nuclear research. Finally, in light of the vast quantity of material available to historians, the stages of French-Israeli nuclear cooperation will be explored against the commonly voiced charge that France's interest stemmed from its need to include Israel in an anti-Nasser coalition. That