Development Of Mustard Research Articles

Mustard (Brassica rapa) and Eggplant (Solanum melongena) Cultivation in Agrivoltaic System in Coastal Area, Case Study of Baron Technopark, Yogyakarta

Agrivoltaic is a system developed from plant cultivation and photovoltaic installations. Opportunities for creating this system in Indonesia are still quite large, including in the Gunungkidul Yogyakarta area. This study aimed to determine the growth response and yield of mustard greens and eggplant in the Agrivoltaic system in Baron, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, as a preliminary study of the use of photovoltaic for plant cultivation activities. The research was conducted in a photovoltaic installed in the Baron Techno Park area, BRIN, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta. An unpaired T-test design was used in this research, which compared the growth and yield of mustard greens and eggplant under and outside the solar panels. The development of mustard and eggplant plants showed quite a high variation between rows below and outside the panel. Therefore, the rows were also used as a treatment in this research. The results showed that mustard greens and eggplants can be grown in agrivoltaic systems. The location of the plants (below and outside the panel) did not affect the growth and yield of mustard plants, while eggplant did. The position of the row inside and outside the panel also affects the growth and yield of mustard greens and eggplant. Mustard and eggplant plants planted outside the panels will be harvested 15 days faster than those under the panels

Magnesium oxide nanoparticles improved vegetative growth and enhanced productivity, biochemical potency and storage stability of harvested mustard seeds

A field study was conducted to investigate the influence of MgO-NPs priming on growth and development of mustard. Priming of mustard seeds before sowing with MgO-NPs at concentration 10, 50, 100, and 150 μg/ml enhanced the vegetative parameters of plants, with considerable increase in leaf area. MgO-NPs exposure increased the photosynthetic pigment accumulation in mustard that led to increase in biomass, carbohydrate content, and the yield in terms of total grain yield. Increased chlorophyll has simultaneously increased the oxidative stress in plants, and hence stimulated their antioxidant potential. A consistent increase was observed in the content of mustard polyphenols and activity of SOD, CAT, and APX on MgO-NPs exposure. MgO-NPs induced oxidative stress further reduced the protein content and bioavailability in mustard. We further, evaluated the influence of MgO-NPs on the quality of mustard harvested seeds. The seeds harvested from nanoprimed mustard possessed increased antioxidant potential and reduced oxidative stress. The carbohydrate and protein accumulation was significantly enhanced in response to nanopriming. Reduced chlorophyll content in seeds obtained from nanoprimed mustard indicated their potential for disease resistance and stability on long term storage. Therefore, the seeds harvested from MgO-NPs primed mustard were biochemically rich and more stable. Therefore, MgO-NPs priming can be potentially used as a novel strategy for growth promotion in plants where leaves are economically important and a strategy to enhance the seed quality under long term storage conditions.

Interrelationship for yield and yield associated traits in mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

The association among yield and affecting traits were analyzed for nine yield contributing traits at Oilseeds Section, ARI, Tandojam in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2018-2019. The analysis of variance revealed that all genotypes were highly significant at 0.01 probability level for all the attributes. BJD BARD-1 maintained the minimum days to 75% flowering (47.42 days), AARI Canola produced minimum days to 90% maturity (120.20 days) and maximum branches plant-1 (9.46) along with maximum seeds pod-1 (17.22), Super Raya exhibited the shortest plants (182.39 cm), maximum pods plant-1 (482.57) and seed yield plant-1 (30.44 g), while Dhoom-1 articulated the maximum seed index (6.48 g) and JS-13 demonstrated the most oil content (39.28%). It was identified positive as well as highly significant linkage between seed yield plant-1 and days to 75% flowering (0.6556**), between seed yield plant-1 and days to 90% maturity (0.7271**), between seed yield plant-1 and branches plant-1 (0.4762**) and between seed yield plant-1 and pods plant-1 (0.8498**). Whereas, significant and positive associations were found between seed yield plant-1 and plant height (0.4562*) and between seed yield plant-1 and seeds pod-1 (0.3433*). It was finalized, positive correlation indicated that selection of these attributes demonstrating significant results would be very fruitful and progressive for desirable genes. The better performed mustard genotypes will be able to be utilized in future for mustard development programmes to improve yield associated characters. Keywords: Interrelationship; Mustard; Yield; Yield associated traits http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90212

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BAHAN ORGANIK KIRINYU ( Chromolaena Odorata )TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL SAWI (Brasica Juncea ) DI KAWASAN AGROECOTOURISM

This study aimed to explore the effect of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) green manure application on the growth and development of mustard (Brassica juncea) in Kelimutu National Park, Indonesia. The study was carried out between September and November 2010 in Ende district on the island of Flores, Indonesia, at an altitude of 1500 to 1730 meters above sea level. This study used a randomized block design with four treatments: K0: No Siam weed application, K1: 5 tons/ha Siam weed (2.8kg/plot), K2: 10 tons/ha Siam weed (5.6kg/plots), K3: 15 tons/ha Siam weed (8.4kg/plot), K4: 20 tons/ha Siam weed (11.2kg/plot). Researchers observed plant characteristics (plant height, leaf area, wet weight and number of leaves) and soil fertility indicators (Organic carbon). Plant organic matter was ground and subsequently analyzed for nutrients using a randomized block design along with lab analysis for soil fertility. The results of this study showed that the application of Siam weed organic matter had no significant effect on mustard plant height, leaf number, leaf area, or wet weight. However, it was found that organic matter application did have a significant effect on soil fertility indicators (organic carbon), and caused an increase in soil organic matter content.

Effects of Mineral Nutrition on Seed Yield and Quality of Mustard (Brassica Juncea)

<p>Mustard (Brassica juncea) is a significant component of the world production of vegetable oils. Mustard is a thermophilic and very drought-resistant plant well adapted for dry continental climates. Mustard (Brassica juncea) is a drought-resistant crop which can tolerate water stress and can be grown in rotation with other crop species. Mustard is relatively undemanding to soil and it can even grow on saline soils. The nutrients most important for the growth and development of mustard are nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The study was conducted during the 2009, 2010 and 2011 growing seasons on a meadow chestnut soil at the "Agrouniversity" experiment station of the Kazakh National Agrarian University at Almaty, Kazakhstan to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the production of mustard in short crop rotations. Nitrogen rates of 0.40 and 75 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> gave seed yields of 1.628, 2.095 and 2.191 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Protein yields were 0.402, 0.543 and 0.573 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>and oil yields were 0.352, 0.498 and 0.505 mg ha-1for the three respective N rates. Seed, protein and oil yields were 119%, 123% and 127%, respectively, when soil test P was increased to 25 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> from 15 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> indicating a need to maintain high soil P in mustard production systems.</p>

Ethylene Production during Development of Mustard (Brassica juncea) and Canola (Brassica napus) Seed.

An open, continuous flow system was used to investigate ethylene production during degreening of maturing seed of mustard (Brassica juncea cv Cutlass and cv Lethbridge 22A) and canola (Brassica napus cv Westar and cv Alto). Isolated mustard seed evolved higher amounts of ethylene than those of canola, and this was particularly evident both early in embryogeny and later during the desiccation phase of seed maturation. The silique walls produced negligible amounts of ethylene in both species. The concentrations of ethylene surrounding seed as they matured within siliques were significantly higher in mustard than in canola, and this interspecies difference was greatest during the seed desiccation phase. In mustard, a 4-fold increase in silique internal ethylene levels was apparent during desiccation. In comparison, only a moderate increase in silique-derived ethylene occurred in canola.