Development Of Multimodal Transport Research Articles

Research of multimodal transport potential of major cities in China based on the satellite remote sensing

Abstract. By two or more modes of transportation to connect with each other and complete the transport process, multimodal transport could significantly improve transport efficiency, reduce costs, while promote energy conservation and emission reduction, compared with the traditional single mode of transport. Therefore, the multimodal transport development reflects the level of national or regional economic development to some extent. In this study, multimodal transport potential index was built to evaluate the possibility of multimodal transport. Remote sensing images from satellites were used to extract roads, railway stations and airports. A method was proposed to derive the road-rail transport potential index and road-air transport potential index, and then for the analysis of multimodal transport potential in 36 cities. Results show that there is a big gap among 36 cities on the development potential of road-rail and road-air transport. Compared with the road-rail transport potential index, the distribution of road-air transport potential index is more consistent among and within the seven regions. Index values of megacity and super cities are much higher than type I and II big cities. Moreover, in the 36 cities, there is a positive correlation between the multimodal transport potential index and GDP. The research results could be used to quantitatively evaluate the development of transport infrastructure, consequently provide more solid and reliable basic information for the planning, design and scheme adjustment of multimodal transport, thus comprehensively improve the efficiency and quality of multimodal transport, serve the territorial spatial planning.

Assessment and Analysis on the Structure Status and CO2 Emissions from Freight Transport in China

With the booming freight industry in China in recent years, the freight volume has presented a growing trend, but the accompanied motor vehicle pollution emission becomes increasingly prominent. For the purpose of green development in freight industry, China is taking active measures to reduce emissions. Among them, the structural emission reduction enjoys the greatest potential in energy conservation and emission reduction in the transportation industry in the future. Its key is to adjust the current unreasonable transportation structure in China, and promote the transfer of freight transport from road to rail and water through the development of multimodal transport. Therefore, systematically finding out the structural characteristics of China’s freight industry and sorting out the problems existing in the freight structure can provide technical support for promoting the structural emission reduction of the freight industry and building an intensive, efficient and green cargo transportation system. This study systematically analyzed the overall development and structural characteristics of China’s freight transportation, calculated the current situation and characteristics of CO2 emissions in China’s freight transportation sector, summarized and analyzed the main problems facing energy conservation and emission reduction in China’s freight transportation sector, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.

Optimizing Multimodal Transport to Achieve Carbon Neutrality

Shaanxi’s government has issued a circular on optimizing and adjusting the transport structure for multimodal transport development (2022–2025). The circular involves implementing structural reform policies for the supply side of transport logistics, optimizing Shaanxi’s multimodal transport structure, promoting the integration of resources of the Shaanxi transport organization, and strengthening the coordination with regional development. As a result, a modern logistics and transport system that is green, safe, convenient, efficient, and economical, reduces carbon dioxide emissions, and contributes to carbon neutrality can be established. This paper includes an analysis of the general situation of multimodal transport in Shaanxi Province and the existing problems in railway transport, and several countermeasures are proposed.

Opportunities for Multimodal Transport Development to Promote a Sustainable Environment

The rapidly growing global production and trade increase the demand for transport and logistics, leading to the establishment of increasingly more new companies providing these services. This also results in a much larger number of vehicles, which is not always a positive thing. Excessive vehicle traffic leads to an increase in environmental pollution, noise and traffic accidents, which have a highly negative impact on society and, more specifically, on human health. The negative impact on the environment has been increasing, and therefore representatives of national politics, the transport and logistics sectors should be alarmed and take action to reduce the environmental pollution. The development of the transport system should be carefully planned and geared towards achieving green and sustainable transport. In order to create a sustainable freight transport network, certain alternatives that could help to stop or at least reduce the process of environmental pollution should be pursued. One of such alternatives is the use of multimodal transport, which involves several different modes of transport for transporting one freight. This both distributes and reduces the burden on the currently dominant road transport mode, which contributes significantly to environmental pollution and is not sufficiently sustainable.

Russian-Chinese cooperation in transport and logistics. In new geopolitical conditions in 2022–2023

The article shows the main characteristics of transport and logistics cooperation between Russia and China in 2022-2023: the growth of the volume of rail freight, a quantitative increase in transit trains on the route China - Europe and the intensification of their movement, opening and expansion of road routes, the development of multimodal transport and increase in the volume of investments of Chinese companies in Russia.

ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГІСТИЧНА СИСТЕМА УКРАЇНИ: АНАЛІЗ РИНКУ ТА КЛЮЧОВІ ГРАВЦІ

The article analyzes the market of transport and logistics services and identifies its key players. It has been proven that in the modern world, the transport and logistics system plays a key role in ensuring the efficient movement of goods and services. For countries with a strategic geographical location, such as Ukraine, the importance of development and optimization of the transport and logistics system is of particular importance. The article establishes the need to develop the transit capabilities of our state against the background of the active formation and development of supply chains both within one country and between different countries around the world. An analysis of the largest logistics companies of Ukraine by revenue in 2019 was carried out. According to the results of the study of the value of global commodity exports, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the growth of the volume of logistics services. In 2022, the value of exports is forecast to continue growing by 13.8 percent compared to 2021. At the same time, despite the strong potential and strategic geographical location of the country, there are problems with infrastructure, insufficient coordination between different sectors, as well as instability in the political and economic environment. However, it is worth noting certain progress and initiatives in the development of the logistics industry, such as modernization and increasing the competitiveness of ports, the development of intermodal and multimodal transportation, as well as the introduction of new technologies in logistics processes.

Multimodal container schemes freight delivery

The article highlights the topical issue of the development of container multimodal transport, which is a priority in the development of transport services; their use will increase the volume of cargo delivered to the destination by the most efficient modes of transport (their combination). Container transportation of goods significantly reduces the cost of delivery of goods from producers to consumers. Container transportation has become the most economical without transshipment technology and, above all, in the intercontinental multimodal land-sea service. The work aims to study the practical aspects and substantiate practical recommendations for the logistics of multimodal container transportation of goods in global supply chains. Conduct a comparative analysis of implementing multimodal container traffic in different containers, namely 20 and 40 feet. The analysis and calculations of the data of container transportation processes for the conditions of two international transport corridors, TRACECA and the trans-Caspian international transport route, are carried out. The cost of transportation by sea, although their number is small relative to the total share of routes, significantly affects the total cost of transportation. In order to stimulate freight traffic on these routes, member states have set discounts of up to 10% of the cost of the ferry fare. Studies suggest that the use of multimodal container traffic is currently economically feasible. The conducted research of practical aspects and substantiation of practical recommendations on logistics of multimodal container transportation of goods in global supply chains suggests that container transportation is a way of delivery today using multimodal options for delivery of goods. An in-depth comparative analysis of implementing multimodal container traffic in different containers, namely 20 and 40 feet, allows us to conclude that using the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TMTM) with a 20-foot container is more economically attractive and can be recommended. Keywords: container transportation, supply chains, logistics, international transport corridors, multimodal transportation.

Development of intermodal transport by organizing group purchasing of transports

The purpose of the article is to recognize the contexts of intermodal transport development in Poland, with particular recognition of the factor of group purchases of this service. The aim of the research is to find out the opinions of the participants of the logistics-transportation processes on the opportunities and threats to the development of intermodal transport, and to seek opinions on the introduction of a new entity responsible for group purchasing to the market. The article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses legal and financial factors supporting the development of intermodal transport in the European Union. Examples are given of countries that have made the most of this support and have good practices of their own for activating this multi-branch form of transportation. The second chapter, using secondary data, presents the dynamics of intermodal transport development in Poland. The third chapter presents the methodology of own research. Collecting and processing primary data, threats and opportunities for the development of the multi-branch form of transport in Poland were identified, and the results are presented in the four chapter. The results of own research clearly indicate the need to eliminate barriers to the development of multimodal transport in Poland (including by appointing bodies organizing transport purchases).

POTENTIAL OF UKRAINE’S INLAND WATER TRANSPORT AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Topicality. In the contemporary landscape, inland waterway transport holds a significant position in the global movement of commodities. The potential for increasing the share of inland waterway transport in various modes of transportation is very significant. Compared to other modes of transport, which often face problems of congestion and capacity, inland waterway transport is reliable, energy efficient, and has high throughput. Developed countries are striving to promote and strengthen the competitiveness of inland waterways in the transport system and facilitate their integration into intermodal logistics chains. Based on this, the potential of inland waterway transport in Ukraine requires a comprehensive study and exploration of opportunities to improve it.Aim and tasks. To study the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of river cargo transportation and develop recommendations for increasing the potential of inland waterway transport in Ukraine.Materials and Methods. The conceptual and methodological basis of the study is the fundamental provisions of leading foreign and domestic scientists and experts in the theory and practice of market development patterns and conditions of inland waterway transport. The information base of the study is the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine, the European Union, official publications of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Sea Ports Authority, the State Service of Sea and River Transport of Ukraine, as well as the results of the author's own research. In the process of conducting the study, the following general scientific and special methods and approaches were applied: systemic and structural approach, comparative analysis, methods of statistical analysis, functional synthesis and economic and mathematical methods, as well as an analysis of the inland waterway transport sector of Ukraine with a graphical presentation of information using methods of economic and statistical analysis, detailing and comparison.Research results. The scientific and applied principles of determining the potential and competitive advantages of the inland waterway transport sector are studied, taking into account cargo flows, market structure and characteristics of its agents, factors that constrain the development of IWT on both the supply and demand sides, peculiarities of legal regulation, infrastructure characteristics and technical capabilities of economic entities in the studied sector, as well as the importance in ensuring the socio--economic recovery of Ukraine, which allows to identify and systematize the strengths and weaknesses of the sector. The article also forms an algorithm for strengthening the potential and competitive advantages of the inland waterway transport of Ukraine, which is based on the use of legal, regulatory, investment, cooperation, and information and communication tools.Conclusion. Inland waterway transport is more environmentally friendly, safer and more economical than any other mode of transportation. Today, Ukraine's inland waterways play a secondary role in the country's transportation system. To enhance the potential of Ukraine's inland waterway transport, it is necessary to: develop sectoral transport programs with a balanced distribution of cargo flows between modes of transport; create a favorable investment climate; actively introduce innovative technologies; create a competitive market for foreign and national agents in the field of inland waterway transportation, as well as favorable conditions for the development of multimodal transportation. These measures will contribute to strengthening the potential of Ukraine's inland waterway transport, especially in the postwar period.In order to support the Ukrainian economy and provide more diverse transportation and logistics opportunities, the development of inland waterways should be promoted. This will create a more efficient and sustainable logistics system with green transportation, which in turn will have a significant impact on the socio--economic development and environment of Ukraine.

Cross efficiency model of network DEA and its application on low carbon efficiency evaluation of multimodal transport

The transportation industry is the main source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and the development of multimodal transport is conducive to reducing transportation carbon emissions. In order to evaluate the low carbon efficiency of multimodal transport, this article proposes a cross efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) method for complex network structures from the perspective of fairness, and takes China's rail-water intermodal transport as an example for research. The proposed method includes two secondary goal models that reduce the unreasonable differences between self-evaluation and peer-evaluation and treat all stages within the network system equally. Then, the improved entropy weight method is used to aggregate the cross efficiency. In addition, a numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of the case study show that the efficiency of Tangshan Port and Rizhao Port is relatively high, and others should learn from the successful experiences and develop improvement strategies based on their own characteristics. The conclusions can provide reference for transportation enterprise management and policy formulation, and the proposed method can be widely applied to the performance analysis of enterprise network, industrial chain, and supply chain.

The Problems of Ensuring the Efficiency and Competitiveness of the Ukrainian Transport Industry to Meet the Modern Challenges and Threats

In Ukraine, the challenges and threats to the efficient functioning of the transportation industry are intensifying during the war and infrastructure destruction. The need for emergency repairs of the ruined infrastructure hinders the reform of the Ukrainian transportation industry. Furthermore, developing an integrated EU-oriented multimodal transportation system within the "Eastern Partnership" regional network becomes more complicated. This article aims to identify the problems of efficiency and competitiveness of the Ukrainian transportation industry in the context of integration into the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) and the construction of a multimodal transportation system. The research employs a systemic analysis methodology to assess the structural indicators of Ukraine's transportation system development. The structure of Ukrainian freight transportation by mode is compared with that in EU countries to reflect differences in a modal split in the context of Ukraine's accession to TEN-T. The results demonstrate a range of problems related to the competitiveness of the Ukrainian transportation industry, which act as barriers to its integration with TEN-T. Institutional, political, and managerial-administrative problems are identified as the leading issues associated with inefficient data collection and processing, management and control functions, decision-making, communication, and interaction among governing bodies. A separate group of issues in Ukraine's transportation industry is linked to the material-technical condition of various types of transportation infrastructure, which affects service quality. Consequently, other problems arise, including the low level of development of intermodal and multimodal transport, transportation logistics, decreased efficiency in capacity utilization, insufficient level of competition in the market for transportation services, and non-compliance with European requirements for access to the transportation services market.

Does China–Europe Railway Express Improve Green Total Factor Productivity in China?

Based on the panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2019, this paper adopts a time-varying difference-in-differences model as a quasi-natural experiment to empirically test the impact and mechanism of the operation of the China–Europe Railway Express on green total factor productivity. The empirical results show that China–Europe Railway Express can significantly improve urban green total factor productivity. In addition, the heterogeneity test manifests that the promotion of green total factor productivity is more significant in the northern regions, the group of cities with low support from the “Belt and Road” policy and high level of their own green development. The results of the mechanism test unveil that the technological innovation effect, industrial upgrading effect and financial development effect brought by the opening of China–Europe Railway Express are the main forces boosting urban green total factor productivity. Furthermore, we found that the optimization of transportation costs, the development of multi-modal transportation and sustainable development are conducive to promoting the high-quality development of freight trains, which helps to strengthen the promotion of green total factor productivity. In brief, this paper provides a new perspective for the study of the economic potential of the China–Europe Railway Express, as well as provides a reference for optimizing the operation mode of China–Europe Railway Express.

The Role of Multimodal Transportation in Ensuring Sustainable Territorial Development: Review of Risks and Prospects

The Russian Arctic development is an investment direction, which is planned through a system of so-called “support zones” of various development degrees, it is a priority for Russia and can have a positive effect. Since integrated territorial development is associated with significant cargo flows of raw materials, materials and goods, logistics chains will include various transport modes, which will lead to the development of infrastructure (including the construction and reconstruction of seaports, the network of the railways and roads expansion) and the emergence of new international transport corridors (ITCs). A scientifically based solution to the problems of constructing a delivery route, including the location of transshipment points, logistics terminals and the rolling stock selection, will ensure the sustainable territories development through which ITCs pass. However, these tasks, which constitute the activity of organizing multimodal transportation, are associated with various types of risks, the successful solution of which, in this case, depends on the sustainable territorial development of these territories. Therefore, the research objective is to establish the relationship between the development of transport networks and the development of the Arctic region, the designation of possible prospects for the development of both multimodal transportation as a whole as a strategic event, and the contribution of each kind of transport, as well as the risks of creating and using international transport corridors, including cumulative impact on the environment. As a result of the literature analysis, we have considered the causes and consequences of the improper planning of supply chains and infrastructure, then we have indicated the role of new transport corridors in the development of territories. We have built a tree of problems in order to systematize risk situations and identify root causes and consequences. A method for calculating the cargo delivery time is proposed, taking into account the multimodality of logistics chains as well as measures that help reduce risks.

Exploring the Optimization of Synchromodal Transportation Path under Uncertainties

Along with the rapid development of the economy and the increasing demand for transport quality, renewed attention to multimodal transportation has emerged. However, due to the unpredictable transport environment in the process of multimodal transportation and the uncertainties caused by the change of transport market demand, transport decision-makers face many difficulties in transport planning and routing, which has become an obstacle to the development of multimodal transportation. As an advanced form of multimodal transportation, synchromodal transportation has received extensive attention in recent years. Due to its flexibility and sustainability, synchromodal transportation can effectively deal with the uncertainty in multimodal transportation. Based on the problem of multimodal transportation networks with uncertainties, this paper proposed a mixed time-window-constrained path optimization model with the goal of minimizing the total transportation costs, and proposed corresponding assumptions considering three types of uncertainty. The model could be solved by a genetic algorithm using MATLAB software. Using this model, the best transportation path and the optimal scheme considering synchronization were obtained. The results of the case study showed that synchromodal transportation can adjust the transportation plan in time to respond to uncertainties, thus, effectively reducing transportation costs. This paper favorably supported the introduction of synchromodal transportation, which is of significance to the development of multimodal transportation in the future.

FEATURES OF THE REGIONAL MARKET CARGO TRANSPORTATION MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN KHERSON REGION

Objective. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of the development of the regional freight transportation market in the Kherson region, taking into account advanced transportation technologies and assessing the concentration of the freight transportation market. Design/methodology/approach. The following research methods were used: problem-oriented (in terms of identifying the problems of the freight transportation market and factors influencing it); logical generalization, analysis and synthesis (to formulate conclusions about the prospects for the development of the multimodal freight transportation market in the region); structural and factual analysis (to analyze the structure and dynamics of freight transportation parameters); index method (to determine the concentration of the regional multimodal freight transportation market using indices). Conclusions. The analysis of the elemental structure of the logistics system of the Kherson region with the participation of water transport showed a developed infrastructure of cargo transportation and ample opportunities for focusing participants around the centers of the transportation process. The asymmetry of price competition for access to port berths and roadside transshipment was revealed, which distorts equal working conditions for cargo transportation market participants and modifies the structure of cargo transshipment and, accordingly, the centers of dominance in the target markets of multimodal transportation. Prioritizing the export of bulk cargo and import of containerized cargo in the Kherson region requires the development of a transport policy that would ensure the freight independence of cargo flows, and the identified unstable dynamics of the geography of transportation routes in the region requires the expansion of alternatives for choosing parameters and directions for the development of transportation technologies for servicing local cargo flows. It is also necessary to balance the existing advanced development of the grain cargo delivery infrastructure against the capacity of their one-time storage in grain terminals in ports. It has been established that the multimodal transportation market of the Kherson region (as of 2021) is characterized by an uneven distribution of market shares between transport enterprises, is highly concentrated, with a low level of competition and the threat of monopolization. Market power in the “market core” is evenly distributed among PJSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”, SE “Kherson Commercial Sea Port”, and LLC JV “Nibulon”. The Herfindahl – Hirschman index confirmed the concentration of power among these three enterprises, identified by the concentration index, which amounted to 80.87 %. The lower share of the transport sector of the Kherson region in the total economic activity of cranes in the period 2015–2020 in favor of other industries was identified, and therefore the insufficient level of meeting the production and non-production needs of consumers in the region in all types of cargo transportation. Practical implications. The results of this study are of interest to multimodal transportation market operators and cargo owners who are interested in actively implementing the logistics concept in regional development and building multimodal regional clusters. In this way, it is expected to increase the attraction of cargo flows to the regions, the development of competition; employment growth in the freight transportation sector and other related industries. The results of the assessment of the development of multimodal freight transportation can be taken into account by the Logistics Coordination Council under the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine when forming the strategic framework for the development of the country‟s logistics system. Originality/value. Assessment of the concentration of regional markets will provide an analytical basis in the process of forming a mechanism for ensuring the integrated efficiency of multimodal transportation of goods and minimizing interregional asymmetries: in terms of levels of cargo flows in accordance with the stated needs of consumers; the state of transport and logistics infrastructure; availability of all types of vehicles, service levels, etc.

Analysis of the international road freight transport market in Ukraine under martial law

The article analyses the current state of the Ukrainian market of international road freight transport under martial law and describes the operational, tactical and strategic problems faced by road transport enterprises (RTEs) involved in this segment of transport. Despite the ongoing war with the russian federation and its negative impact on the Ukrainian economy, the financial and economic indicators of the domestic road transport industry demonstrate positive dynamics, especially in the segment of international road transport. An analysis of cargo transportation volumes over the past sixteen years has shown that the share of road freight in total cargo turnover has been systematically increasing. This is due to a number of global and local trends in the international freight transport market in Europe, including an increase in the volume of consumption of products by the population, growing demand for road transport services, the convenience of door-to-door delivery, the development of multimodal transport, etc., and in Ukraine, the reorientation of large volumes of agricultural products from sea to land transport. With a view to analysing the current state and forecasting further development of the Ukrainian market of international road freight transport, the article builds a SWOT-matrix, which allowed to allocate the categories relevant for domestic carriers for strategic planning. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that modern geopolitical realities require the development and implementation of new scientific approaches that will ensure the competitiveness of domestic international road carriers in the context of European integration and an increased degree of protection of road transport and warehouse infrastructure.

Modeling the seamless cargo logistics development

The key direction of the development of the transport industry is the development of multimodal transportation using information technology. The most pressing issues are the development of transport logistics systems. They have acquired crucial strategic importance for ensuring competitiveness and a new level of development of the cargo containerization sphere using logistics approaches and management tools. Seamless cargo logistics is a strategic goal of the transport sector. The paper presents a theoretical justification for the use of modeling strategies for the development of a transport logistics system. The rationale for the expediency of using simulation modeling is presented. This simulation model creates conditions for the study of the transport logistics system of the region and the formation and implementation of the transport services market.

Analysis of the development of multimodal rail transport in Ukraine

Analysis of the development of multimodal rail transport in Ukraine

Potential establishment of a dry port as the multimodal logistic center in Croatia

Following the footsteps of European Union, Croatian national development strategy tends to address environmental effects of the transport sector and encourage development of multimodal transport. Aim of this paper is to present the potential possibilities for Croatia to achieve European and national transport development goals, by providing an overview of container traffic in Croatia, and existing transport development projects. For Croatia to meet the increasing demand in freight transport, and to position itself effectively in European market, as well as to comply European and national sustainable development policies, development of intermodal transport infrastructure is an imperative. Seaport Rijeka is located on exquisite geo-traffic position in the EU TEN-T network, and with increasing demand and lack of possibilities to expand, the dry port establishment has already been proposed as a solution for Seaport Rijeka to modernize and expand its business. As a result, the links between dry port establishment initiative and transport development projects in Croatia, are presented and elaborated. Paper proposes a concept of potential establishment of dry port as a multimodal logistic center in Croatia, in Zagreb area, with the review of its advantages.

Разработка концептуальной модели цифрового двойника для цепочки региональных транспортно-логистических центров

In 2019-2024 the Federal Project for the Development of Multimodal Transport and Logistics Centers proposed a possible solution to optimize cargo delivery. A drastic change in the realities of international and interregional interaction because of well-known events in recent years required adjustments to plans for the socio-economic development of the country and the introduction of innovative technologies to improve the controllability of the Russian Federation infrastructure. As for the transport industry and supply chains the tasks of implementing digital twins of the control object in automated control systems are relevant. The hierarchical organization of multimodal transport and logistics centers determines the need for content-conceptual modeling of the problems in development and implementation of distributed multi-agent systems of digital twins of logistics facilities which jointly ensure the coordinated operation of the supply chain. The work shows the applicability of digital twin logics for updating the logistics infrastructure in the Russian Federation. For this purpose we carried out a review of the modern conceptual device used to model logistics supply chains including digital twins, the state and prospects for the development of the logistics industry in the country. An algorithm for conceptual modeling of the digital twin of supply chains is defined on the base of AS-IS models arranged into hierarchy levels to define the problem and AS-TO-BE model to provide possible solutions. In the conclusion of the research work the proposed solutions were obtained according to the SWOT analysis methodology. It allows making it possible to give recommendations for the implementation of digital twins in transport and logistics centers.