Development Of Market Infrastructure Research Articles

Bond Market Development and Infrastructure Development Index; an Analysis of African Countries with the Portfolio Investment Bonds

This paper analyses the empirical relationship between portfolio investment bonds and Infrastructure development index in Africa. The study seeks to establish if there is a statistically significant relationship between the portfolio investment bonds and infrastructure development index in Africa. Panel data of 13 countries for the period of 9 years from 2013 to 2022 was adopted. The study is supported by positivism philosophical underpinnings, a quantitative approach, multiple case design. It is a triangulation of correlation, regression, and hypothesis -testing through the linear dynamic panel data Generalized method of Momentum (GMM) model. This model estimates the empirical relationship between the key variables under study. The results from the study indicate a significant positive relationship between the portfolio dollar amount logged twice from the world bank data indicators and the infrastructure index from the Africa Infrastructure development Indicator (AIDI) also logged twice based on the model requirements. Therefore, countries that receive higher portfolio dollar amounts realize more infrastructure development. It is therefore recommended for African countries to create a Political, Economic and Regulatory supportive policies for bond market development especially the portfolio investment bonds. This paper ascertains a relationship between bond market development and Africa infrastructure development index. And develops policy discussions regarding infrastructure financing though a well-developed bond market with a variety of bond types

Supporting business functions influencing the formalization of charcoal business in Tanzania

Charcoal business, production, and sustainability are all under the control of government regulations. In Tanzania, the entire charcoal value chain employs approximately two million people. As a result, there are unreliable records for registered actors, and it is difficult to accurately quantify the annual amount of charcoal production and revenue collected by the Tanzanian government. Supporting functions are legally provided activities and services to support charcoal actors to formalize their business, including participation in the formulation of forest laws, market infrastructure development, training, access to information, and financial services. Supporting business functions available for charcoal actors such as producers, wholesalers, and retailers to facilitate the formalization of the charcoal business in Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the supporting functions that are important to charcoal actors in Tanzania to formalize their activities. A total of 107 charcoal actors were administered a semi-structured questionnaire using the multiple sampling technique, which involved 31 wholesalers and 42 retailers trading in two of the largest markets, one in Dar es Salaam and the other in Zanzibar. Both markets depend on charcoal production in Handeni district, located in Tanga Region. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that formalizing the charcoal sector in Tanzania necessitates public-private partnerships (22.9%), financial services and legal environments (21.9%), and market infrastructures (15.6%). We concluded that the charcoal business needs the collaboration of the government with non-government organizations to share resources such as forest staff, vehicles, and incentives to motivate the participation of actors in the training of the legal procedure of charcoal business management, the formulation of registered charcoal groups or associations, and the establishment of charcoal selling centres. Moreover, the development of forest laws should be participatory to involve charcoal business stakeholders to have a reasonable cost of issuing licenses and other permits.

Empirical Analysis of African Aubergine (Solanum gilo) – Marketing and Income Disparity among Traders in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

African Aubergine is an indigenous tropical crop cultivated in Nigeria. Agricultural marketing creates incentives that accelerate the promotion of further production and consumption of harvested produce. Therefore, this study analysed African Aubergine marketing and income disparity among traders in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Primary data collected via multistage sampling from ninety-five (95) respondents was analysed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin and efficiency analysis, Ordinary Least Square regression and Gini Coefficient index. The results show that the mean age, years spent in school, household size, trading experience and quantity of bags sold were 37 years, 8 years, 7 people, 9 years and 8 bags per month, respectively. The estimated marketing margin and efficiency index were ₦1,250 and 0.36, respectively. The estimated coefficients of Ordinary Least Square regression (R2) were 0.773. Thus, the variables (marketing experience, cost price, quantity sold and marketing cost) in the regression model accounted for 77% of the variation in the marketing margin of African Aubergine traders in the study area. The estimated Gini Coefficient was 0.59, indicating a moderate level of income disparity (inequality) in the sales income of the respondents. Several marketing constraints were observed in the study area. Therefore, this study recommends improved credit access and market information dissemination, commodity cost subsidisation, storage technology adoption, market infrastructure development and interventions, commodity price control and policy modification that regulates market activities.

LAND MARKET: PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT AND FEATURES OF PRICING

The article examines the prospects for the development of the land market and its features. It is substantiated that the need to solve the issue of rational use of agricultural lands is the basis for developing a strategy for the development of territories and united territorial communities. It has been proven that the basis of reforming in the field of land relations and the formation of an effective land market are two fundamental provisions: ensuring the proper level and quality of life of the population; support for social justice. Attention is focused on the fact that the potential of the national land fund determines opportunities and creates significant prospects, gives competitive advantages at the international level. These potential opportunities can be realized only if an effective model of property relations is developed and implemented, which provides for the balancing of the interests of land market participants and determines the place of Ukraine as a state with a stable competitive position on the world market based on rational nature management and effective use of resources in general. It is substantiated that there are little opportunities for buying and selling land resources, which can be determined by the following factors: lack of financial opportunities in the vast majority of the population, that is, a small level of ability to pay for the purchase of land; a number of issues in the field of land relations remain unsettled and unclear; insignificant level of market infrastructure development; opacity of the pricing mechanism for land resources; unwillingness of the rural population to join the processes of buying and selling land; the presence of risks related to the process of buying and selling land, etc. It was determined that the basis of reforming in the field of land relations and the formation of an effective land market are two fundamental provisions: ensuring the proper level and quality of life of the population; support for social justice. Attention is focused on the fact that the vast majority of economic sectors are related to rational land use, which determines the importance of proper coordination and regulation of the land market.

Analysis azerbaijani banking sector: in the period of transition to the Basel principles.

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the problems and perspectives associated with the implementation of Bazel III standards in the banking sector of Azerbaijan, which is a developing country. It emphasized the Bazel principles and emphasized the importance of banks to strengthen their defense against various risks in view of their essential role in the national economy. Basel standards are important for all countries to increase the resilience of the global banking system, to encourage prudential demands and to create a predictable and transparent regulatory environment for internationally active banks. The purpose of transition to Basel standards stated in the “Strategy Roadmap for the years 2016–2020 on the development of financial services in the Republic of Azerbaijan”. The aim is to present the results and to investigate the practical issues of the application of these standards in Azerbaijan. In the investigation, logical generalization and comparative analysis methods that evaluate the regulatory problems of the Bazel standards are used, which is why it is encouraged by the Bazel Committee. Article emphasizes the gap between domestic regulatory demands in Azerbaijan and those proposed by the Bazel Committee, sometimes calculating domestic demands and indicators as harsher and higher in terms of quantity. The results show that the banking sector of Azerbaijan, in which banks are primarily dominant, has undergone significant development in the last ten years, especially in terms of adapting to global crises and increasing the resilience of the sector. However, the implementation of the Bazel II and Bazel III principles remains incomplete, dealing with various difficulties. Analysis shows that, although there is some progress in legislative reforms specifically aimed at compliance with Basel standards, there are naturally certain difficulties in the full acceptance and implementation of these standards in the domestic banking sector. Emphasizing the necessity of continuous strong actions to strengthen the regulatory base of the banking sector, the experience of risk management and the infrastructure to bring it into line with international standards. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for continued efforts to strengthen the banking sector’s regulatory framework, risk management practices, and infrastructure to align with international standards. Thus, article suggests a multi-faceted approach involving legislative amendments, enhanced risk-based supervision, development of financial market infrastructure, and strengthening of corporate governance in banking sector. The successful implementation of Basel III standards in Azerbaijan will not only enhance the resilience and stability of its banking sector but also contribute to the stability of the financial system of the country.

ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ МЕХАНИЗМ СТРАТЕГИРОВАНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ФИНАНСОВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

The article proposes an institutional and economic mechanism for strategizing the development of financial literacy of the population, the elements of which are combined into three logically interrelated blocks (theoretical, methodological, practical), suggest two directions of implementation. The first is institutional, related to the development of normative legal acts, recommendations, standards, methods for the development of financial literacy of the population; the creation of institutions and the formation of institutions for the development of financial literacy of the population; the development of financial market infrastructure. The second is economic, it contributes to the formation of a sound system of incentives and motives for the development of financial literacy of the population; providing appropriate resources for the implementation of normative legal acts, recommendations, standards, methods for the development of financial literacy of the population; creating equal conditions for access to the financial market and products sold on it. The process of implementing the proposed mechanism is supported by the proposed structure of the Draft Strategy for the development of financial literacy of the population, the provisions of which consistently reveal the features of its implementation.

National transport and logistics system: navigating challenges for development until 2030

This scientific article explores strategies for developing national transport and logistics system, taking into account external factors. The authors analyze potential directions for market diversification and infrastructure development, focusing on cooperation with Asia, Africa, and CIS countries. The main problems and prospects for the Russian economy are also discussed in the context of inflation and the need for government investment and regulation.

Research on the Integration and Development of Digital Economy and Real Economy

This article examines the fusion and advancement of the digital economy and the tangible economy by juxtaposing theoretical frameworks with practical applications. To begin with, this article aims to elucidate the concept and interplay between the virtual economy and the tangible economy, while examining the ramifications of the virtual economy on the tangible economy and vice versa. Furthermore, an analysis is conducted on various contributing factors such as technological advancements, economic conditions, policy frameworks, and societal interactions that influence the amalgamation and progress of the virtual and tangible economies. Additionally, the article delves into the pathways for integrated development between the virtual and tangible economies. These pathways encompass areas such as policy support and innovation initiatives, technological enhancements and industrial metamorphosis, talent cultivation and market requirements, infrastructure development and resource sharing, among others. Ultimately, policy recommendations are proposed in order to facilitate the harmonious development of the virtual economy and the tangible economy. These recommendations aim to offer theoretical guidelines and practical insights for the integrated development of China's virtual economy and tangible economy.

Market participation and pastoral welfare in drought-prone areas: A dose-response analysis

The low market participation of pastoral livestock producers is a challenge to the development of a climate-resilient economy in drought-prone areas. Without deliberate and well-designed efforts to transform livestock production into a thriving profit-oriented commercial business, the development of pastoral societies will remain far-fetched. By applying bivariate selection model and dose-response function to a case study of 357 pastoral households in Ethiopia, this study examines pastoralists’ participation in goat markets and the impact of participation on per capita income, poverty headcount, and poverty gap. Our results show that the propensity and intensity of participation of pastoralists in goat marketing were influenced by flock size, transaction costs (TC), and access to veterinary services. An important finding in this study is that pastoralists are willing to pay for marketing services up to 97 % of the total variable TC, indicating the financial feasibility of public investment in the development of market infrastructure through cost recovery schemes. The results also reveal that participation in goat marketing has a positive impact on per capita income, poverty headcount, and poverty gap. These findings shed some light on more practical strategies for poverty reduction among pastoralists.

How Does Socio-technical Landscape Affect the Formation of Technical Standards?

The formation of technical standards is a complex process that involves the integration of various technical resources and organizational resources. It is influenced by multiple factors. This paper focuses on four independent variables, namely market size, economic environment, infrastructure construction, and government support, which are regarded as different dimensions of the socio-technical landscape. Additionally, R&D investment is introduced as a mediator variable to construct a model that examines the role of the socio-technical landscape in the formation of technical standards. Empirical tests are conducted using relevant data from the 4G technology in China’s mobile communication industry. The study reveals that there is a positive causal relationship between market size, economic environment, infrastructure development, government support, and technology standards. Furthermore, it finds that R&D investment plays a significant mediating role between the economic environment and technology standards, infrastructure development and technology standards, and government support and technology standards. These findings provide valuable insights for enterprises and governments in promoting the formation of technical standards.

Development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Moldova, ways to improve the sphere and management system

Relevance of the research. The agro-industrial complex is the most important component of the economy of the Republic of Moldova. The protracted crisis of the agrarian sphere was, first of all, the result of the weakening of the role of state regulation and the management system of the agro-industrial complex. The effective economic development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova at the macro and micro levels requires the improvement of the system of management of the agricultural sector at all levels. Formulation of the problem. Related to the improvement of management at all levels of the country's agro-industrial complex, namely the competitiveness of enterprises under the influence of various risk factors, the correct formation of strategic management at the level of the state and enterprises, the use in the production of certain models of rational placement of production infrastructure for the effective development of enterprises, which ultimately ensure the sustainable economic growth of the country's agricultural sector. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose and objectives of the article are to study the structure of the agro-industrial complex management system, the dynamics of the main indicators characterizing the state of agriculture of the Republic of Moldova; identify problems, and develop recommendations for improving the management system of the agro-industrial complex of Moldova. Material and methodology. During the writing of the article, general scientific and special methods were used, namely the abstract-logical, statistical-economic, and graphic methods. The information and empirical base of the study are based on data from the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The article conducted a study of the composition of the agro-industrial complex of the Moldavian SSR; the current state management system of the agro-industrial complex was analyzed; the degree of impact of reforms on the management structure of the agro-industrial complex was determined; in-depth analysis of the main indicators characterizing the state of this industry was carried out; proposed are directions of market infrastructure development through suitable channels of agricultural products distribution. Field of application of results. The materials, results, and conclusions of the study can be used by government bodies, higher education institutions, and student organizations. Conclusions according to the article. The results of the reforms carried out in the agricultural sector of the country's economy were summarized, problems that arose as a result of the ongoing reorganizations in the agro-industrial complex system were identified, and a deep analysis of the development of the agricultural economy was made. The authors also presented recommendations for improving the processes of management of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova, and presented the author's conceptual approaches to the formation of the composition of the agro-industrial complex.

Аналіз стану організації довгострокових портфельних іноземних інвестицій у Республіці Польща: уроки для України

The article describes the process of creation of the European international capital market, new financial instruments and formation of an investment portfolio from them in order to achieve the main goal of the investor – diversification, caused by investor’s desire not to participate in the operational management of the enterprise, however reducing the risk and maximizing the return on investment of his capital. The article then reviews the recent CEE Capital Markets conference, which was held in Poland, and concludes that by many criteria the Polish capital market is the largest in the region. In addition, the article emphasizes that foreign investment inflows to Poland reached a record level in 2021-2022. Therefore, based on all this data, the article analyses in detail the attraction of foreign investment into the economy of the Republic of Poland, taking into account three main prerequisites, namely: the establishment of uniform and unchanging rules of the game by creating an institutional framework for investment and ensuring the development of capital market infrastructure; ensuring the management of the Polish capital market with the help of two main players (the Central Securities Depository of Poland and Polish Financial Supervision Authority), shaping the professional activities of market participants and providing the supervision. The subsequent analysis of the state of Poland investment activity, presented in the National Banks Report “Poland International Investment Position for 2021”, showed that all this has played a significant role in attracting long-term portfolio investments, the biggest share of which is treasury debt, to the neighbouring countrys economy in recent years. Drawing a parallel with the current situation on the Ukrainian securities market, the article goes on to note that its regulatory framework generally meets the contemporary requirements. The other two prerequisites for creating acceptable conditions for a foreign portfolio investor are only under establishment. Right now, there is an urgent need to start building the infrastructure of Ukrainian securities market with the help of a neighbouring country.

Attracting Investment for Rural Development: Introduction of Organic Agriculture and ESG Principles in Kazakhstan

Today, the market for organic products is one of the most dynamic in the world. The prerequisites for this are the growing consumer demand for food that is environmentally friendly and safe for human health. In Kazakhstan, despite the existing problem, the development of organic production in the agro-food system appears promising and, if implemented in compliance with environmrntal, social and governance (ESG) principles, can be beneficial for the country, which determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibilities of investment incentives for organic agriculture for the sake of the development of Kazakhstan's rural areas and the implementation of ESG principles. The study employs the following general scientific methods: a) theoretical: analysis of scientific sources; b) empirical: the focused interview method (focus group), an online expert survey; c) mathematical and statistical methods of data analysis; triangulation method. The study concludes that Kazakhstan has considerable potential for the development of organic agriculture. The production of organic products in Kazakhstan is an extremely promising area that can promote the competitiveness of agricultural products, significantly improve the country's image on the world stage, and facilitate the development of market infrastructure and sustainable development of the country as a whole.

GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF THE ONION MARKET AND PRODUCTION PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE

Purpose. To overview the onion production in Ukraine and the world, to highlight major challenges and ways of further efficient development of this segment in the vegetable market under integration processes. Methods. Dialectical method of cognition to review scientific publications, mathematical-statistical, grouping, analysis of statistical series, abstract/logical reasoning. Results. The current onion production in Ukraine was considered. The portion of this crop in the total agricultural areas and gross production of vegetables was determined; data on the distribution of onion production by natural and climatic zones of Ukraine and farm categories are summarized. Factors that inhibit the efficient development of this segment of the vegetable market were identified; they include: outdated technologies; few or no innovations; few processing, packing, and storing facilities; lack of professional branding and effective infrastructure; underdeveloped agrologistics; non-compliance of domestic vegetable products with European standards. The general strategy and priority directions of scientific support for further onion production in the context of integration processes were outlined. Conclusions. As the population’s material well-being improves, the food basket composition changes in favor of vegetables, including onions, and their consumption rises. Along with the expediency of the maximum use of the existing natural and economic potentials for onion production, one should be guided by this waymark when justifying further development of the vegetable industry in Ukraine. Further development of the onion production in Ukraine must be directed towards high-intensity production based on new high-yielding varieties and hybrids, with high palatability, and towards scientific support for the production. At the same time, in the future, technical re-equipment of the vegetable industry, development of information support systems, creation of marketing services, and development of market infrastructure are necessary.

Review of mineral resource management in a circular economy infrastructure

Purpose is to substantiate foundations of sustainable management of mineral resources while implementing a circular economy model. Methods. The study has applied following research approaches: synthetic method (unification of the singled out aspects); induction method (analysis of a circular economy features); life cycle assessment (evaluation of the product influence on the environment from the viewpoint of each stage of its life cycle); circular economy toolkit (determination and evaluation of the periodicity of circular economy products and indicators); and circular economy indicator prototype (evaluation of the cyclic product efficiency). Findings. Circular economy is one of the key directions of a sustainable development policy as for conservation and protection of mineral resources; it is aimed at more efficient use and improvement of raw material extraction from industrial waste. Formation of a market infrastructure of the circular economy has been proposed based upon mining sector waste use to process it and reduce as well as to repurpose wasteless production and secondary processing of raw materials. The need has been substantiated to contribute to conservation of mineral resources for their sustainable use on the basis of the development of market infrastructure of a stable economy and mining sector waste use to process it and reduce as well as to repurpose wasteless production and secondary processing of raw materials. Originality. A concept for further development of the circular economy market infrastructure has been specified as a platform of production waste supply/demand to optimize the use and conservation of mineral resources on the principles of sustainable growth. It has been proposed to analyze assessment of business development along the lines of a circular economy while calculating parameters when manufacturing is applying primary mineral resources and industrial waste as a raw material for its further processing. Practical implications. The proposed approach of interaction between economic entities on the basis of a circular economy will provide rational use of mineral resources and contribute to the development of a sector of industrial waste processing. The abovementioned will help terminate decrease in the availability of mineral resources and form new milestones of social development on the principles of environmental friendliness and rationalism in the process of interaction with nature.

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПОЛІТИКИ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ МІГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УМОВАХ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ: ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ПІДХІД

The paper substantiates that the institutional provision of the state policy of migration processes management – one of the key system-forming factors and a prerequisite for ensuring proper efficiency of regulation of migration of the population and its consequences – consists in combining a full-fledged system of institutions and institutions, the functioning of which ensures the definition and observance of rules of conduct, directing the relevant trends in the desired direction. Particularly significant is the role of institutions in the system of state management of migration processes, which act as actors – generators of institutions and carriers of their capabilities. Institutional support is formed in three areas: (1) institutional and legal, (2) institutional-organizational and (3) institutional-psychological.
 The strategic tasks of improving the institutional support of the state policy of migration processes management in Ukraine are determined: formation of the regulatory background of the state policy, development of the system of strategizing and planning the course of migration processes, formation of the organizational structure of management, increasing the efficiency of the state regulation of migration abroad, establishing proper accounting and statistical support, realization of the potential of subjects civil society and big business, balance and efficiency of the system of elements of the migration services market, development of migration capital market infrastructure, formation of information and psychological environment of migration activity of the population. Achieving certain tasks requires the implementation of a system of coordinated measures.
 Applied instruments of state policy of modernization of the institutional environment for regulating migration processes are differentiated from existing developments (1) structuring in areas of support – institutional and legal, institutional and organizational (state, public and market), institutional and psychological; (2) the system of institutional support is formed according to certain strategic directions of development of the national economy; (3) measures to regulate external migration are defined in the projection of eliminating current shortcomings of the state policy of migration management and overcoming its consequences for the socio-economic development of the country;

Research on the Cultivation of the Digital Economy Ecosystem in China and Indonesia Under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative

The development of the digital economy in Indonesia and China cannot be separated from the construction of the ecosystem. The current design of the digital economy ecosystem mainly revolves around policy guidance, production collaboration and infrastructure, but the focus of digital economy development in Indonesia and China is different. Through policy features and comparative analysis, as interviews with Indonesian enterprises and consumers, this paper identifies the problems in the development of China's digital economy ecosystem in Indonesia and proposes countermeasures based on market guidance, policy support, new economy, infrastructure development and public governance, with a view to providing useful references for the development of the digital economy ecosystem in China and Indonesia.

The Evolution of Financial Market Infrastructure: From Digitalization to Tokenization

This paper examines the historical development and cross-sectional heterogeneities of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI). From an evolutionary perspective, we review and compare FMIs in the US, Europe, and China. We identify an emerging trend in which the development of FMI is transitioning from digitalization to tokenization with the rise of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT). Digitalization reinforces centralization, while tokenization promotes decentralization, posing complex challenges to regulatory framework which is also part of FMI. We then specifically analyze DLT-based FMI in the bond market, evaluate different models of tokenization, and propose a heterogeneous consortium blockchain solution.

Prospects for the development of market infrastructure under virtual tokenized assets influencing

Modern technologies have a revolutionary impact on various sectors that were traditionally considered stable and resistant to change. New advancements in digitization and artificial intelligence, collectively referred to as the “digital economy”, present the opportunity for the digitization of all sectors of the economy and social life, requiring the development of corresponding digital infrastructure. This transition leads to the creation of new types of assets, including virtual assets. However, a challenge arises in understanding the specific characteristics of these new assets and their impact on the development of market infrastructure and the overall economy. Research in this direction is vital for addressing issues related to regulation, innovation, and international cooperation in the context of the digital economy. A detailed analysis of the influence of virtual assets on contemporary economic and social realities opens the path to a deeper understanding of this transformation and its consequences.

Understanding the future market infrastructure development through the use of tokenized assets

The paper is dedicated to the discussion of the author’s attempt to explain a trend in the future market infrastructure development through the use of tokenized assets. The paper successively solves eight working tasks: a) clarify standard functions of the market infrastructure and roles of a market intermediary; b) outline the logic for developing a virtual market and place of a legal deal; c) clarify four mandatory components of a standard deal; d) distinguish the concept of “tokenized document” as a modern type of legally valid contract; e) distinguish entities and objects involved in a deal and essential conditions of a legally valid deal; f) subjectively assess the potential impact of tokenized assets on the renewal and development of the market infrastructure; g) outline new opportunities for regulating market relations using tokenized assets, which are consequences of their properties and parameters of tokenized assets; h) summarize levels of formation of a new economic potential of tokenized assets for the market infrastructure development. The author concludes that distributed ledger tools and especially the most promising type of distributed ledger virtual asset, such as a tokenized asset, can drive the market infrastructure modernization. It will be a new and additional means for addressing global wealth inequality using tokenized assets. Its “key” is to create new professional jobs in the ecosystems of decentralized information platforms. The most expected promising areas, especially widespread digital commerce, management of objects of intellectual property rights, agricultural sector at the level of micro and small farms, pave the way for significant, almost radical transformations in the composition, structure and number of participants in the market infrastructure and economic relations on the markets. The main and fundamental technical means for this new market infrastructure organization are backed distributed ledger tokens or tokenized assets, namely tokenized contracts, tokenized resources and tokenized deals. Based on the information and applied nature of tokenized assets and four standard components of a deal (contract, entities and objects involved as well as essential conditions of the contract), the author proposed three types of tokenized assets based on the feature “original asset underlying the tokenized asset”, namely: (a) tokenized document, (b) tokenized resource and (c) tokenized deal. Together they universally cover all types of original (underlying) assets in legal civil and economic circulation in almost any country in the world. Having different functional purposes, these three types of tokenized assets along with a digital ecosystem of services potentially fulfill many functions of market intermediaries in the modern market infrastructure.