Development Of Information Infrastructure Research Articles

Study on the evaluation and influencing factors of contracted residents on the coordination of primary medical institutions.

The implementation of family doctor contract service is a pivotal measure to enhance primary medical services and execute the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. Achieving service coordination among various institutions is both a fundamental objective and a central element of contract services. The study aims to assess residents' evaluations and determining factors related to the coordination of health services within primary medical institutions across different regions of Shandong Province. The findings intend to serve as a reference for enhancing the coordination services offered by these institutions. The study employed a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to select three prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province with different economic levels. Within each city, three counties (districts) were randomly sampled using the same method. Within each county (district), three community health service centers and township health centers implementing family doctor contract services were selected randomly. Face-to-face questionnaire surveys were conducted with contracted residents using the coordination dimension of the revised Primary Care Assessment Tools Scale (PCAT) developed by the research team. Data analysis was conducted using such methods as one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression. The sample included 3,859 contracted residents. The coordination dimension score of primary medical institutions averaged 3.41 ± 0.18, with the referral service sub-dimension scoring 3.60 ± 0.58 and the information system sub-dimension scoring 3.34 ± 0.65. The overall score of the referral service sub-dimension surpassed that of the information system sub-dimension. Regression results indicated that the city's economic status, the type of contracted institutions, gender, education, marital status, income, occupation, health status, and endowment insurance payment status significantly influenced the coordinated service score of primary medical institutions (p < 0.05). The coordination of primary medical institutions in Shandong Province warrants further optimization. Continued efforts should focus on refining the referral system, expediting information infrastructure development, enhancing the service standards of primary medical institutions, and fostering resident trust. These measures aim to advance the implementation of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment and two-way referral system.

Information Infrastructure and Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance of the Enterprise: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis

ABSTRACT Information infrastructure development substantially impacts the transformation of enterprises’ decision-making. Based on the “Information Consumption Demonstration City Construction” policy issued by the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2016, we conducted a quasi-experiment to examine the effects and mechanisms of information infrastructure construction on the enterprise’s environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Overall, information infrastructure construction was shown to substantially improve the ESG performance of these companies and exhibit a strong promoting effect on labor-intensive and state-owned enterprises. Regarding internal mechanisms, the information infrastructure has accelerated the digital transformation of enterprises and improved information efficiency, which is beneficial for suppressing opportunistic behavior. Regarding external mechanisms, information infrastructure development and ESG investment have jointly reduced corporate financing constraints, improving their credit market performance. These findings provide substantial practical evidence for promoting the construction of an information infrastructure from the perspective of enterprise governance transformation.

Economic growth and the proliferation of ICT infrastructures: which causes the other?

This study explored the causal association between Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure development, measured by an ICT index, and the economic growth of 42 African economies between 2000 and 2019. Whether ICT development has contributed to real per capita GDP growth or ICT infrastructure expansion has just been a consequence of growth in real per capita GDP has been overlooked in prior studies concerning Africa. The econometric techniques used to analyse the data included robust second-generation tools to investigate cross-sectional dependence, slope homogeneity, and panel causality. The findings detected significant independence between the variables across countries, the slope was heterogeneous, and there was a long-run association between all of the economies in the sample. Dumitrescu and Hurlin’s panel causality analysis indicated a unidirectional causal association between per capita income and the ICT index. The results also demonstrated that capital and employment were the leading causes of per capita GDP growth. The findings suggested that accelerating economic growth in developing economies was essential to promoting ICT investment.

The influence of the level of information infrastructure development on carbon emissions

More and more conventional infrastructure construction leads to an increasement in global carbon emissions due to the release of carbon. However, it is not clear whether the information infrastructure promotes or inhibits carbon emissions. Consequently, this study examines how information infrastructure at the provincial level affects carbon emissions in China. The study used a set of two-way fixed-effect models using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities from 2013 to 2021.These findings indicate a continuous improvement in the overall progress of information infrastructure development, yet there is also a widening gap between the highest and lowest extremes. Moreover, the level of information infrastructure development in the eastern region clearly surpasses western region’s to a substantial extent. In addition, empirical research has found that there exists a clear "inverted U-shaped" relationship between information infrastructure and carbon emissions. These findings offer both theoretical and empirical support for China's efforts in constructing an information infrastructure that can effectively achieve the "double carbon" strategy.

Trusted infrastructure needs DINIvolution – the DINI certificate for Open Access publishing services

Research information infrastructure services require transparent criteria and guidelines to be considered trustworthy, i.e. sustainable, interoperable and ready for future challenges. The DINI Certificate for Open Access Publication Services (an English version is currently in preparation) supports these requirements. The community-developed, noncommercial certificate paves the way for open scholarly communication and supports the prerequisites for the free availability of scholarly information as an essential element of future-oriented research-related services. Launched in 2004 and now in its 7th revised version, the DINI certificate has undergone dozens of successful certification processes, and is still unique and can be considered a de facto standard for publishing services, at least in Germany, and a role model for other countries. It is therefore recommended as a guide for publication services by the German Research Foundation (DFG). The DINI Certificate is managed by a team of information experts from research libraries, research organisations and software developers who are organised in the “Electronic Publishing” working group of DINI e.V. DINI or the German Initiative for Networked Information (Deutsche Initiative für Netzwerkinformation) promotes the development of interoperable open and trustworthy information infrastructures and services at research institutions.The DINI Certificate is based on an elaborate set of criteria that takes into account international standards and reflects the current state of technical, organisational and editorial requirements. For certified institutions, the DINI certificate provides a quasiguarantee that their service complies with the requirements of open science and will continue to do so. For others, it provides guidance on implementing a state-of-the-art service. Feedback from the interested community is collected through an open call for comments and taken into account in the revision processes.In the latest certificate (2022), the focus is on supporting users as authors and recipients, the requirements of open science, the sustainability of the service infrastructure, and the desired internationalisation. As a first step towards internationalisation, the certificate has been extended to include the specific requirements for certification of Austrian publication services. Complementary tools and measurements support the effectiveness of the certificate.This presentation will highlight the “DINIverse” − the DINI Certificate and its complementary tools − as a central instrument and inspiration for establishing and maintaining trustworthy Open Access publishing services. In three chapters it will give a brief overview of the origin of the certificate and the continuous adoption of new established requirements as essential parts of the “DINIvolution”, the related workflows, the benefits for users as well as the related services and projects: e.g. supporting tools like the DINI OAI validator, a dynamic overview of publishing services from Germanspeaking countries developed in cooperation with BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine as well as a specialised vocabulary to support compliance with international standards.

Determinants of intra‐COMESA trade in services

AbstractThis paper analyzes intra‐Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) trade in services by establishing its determinants and exploring the role of trade facilitation on the same. The study relies on the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator of the gravity model on bilateral services trade data for total services and eight categories of services in 17 COMESA countries from 2005 to 2019. Results reveal that several factors determine intra‐COMESA services trade, the salient ones being GDP (exporter's and importer's), distance, contiguity, and time zone differences. Trading under a service‐specific trade agreement affects a few services: transport and other business services exports. The effect is positive for transport services and negative for other business services exports. Trade facilitation measures, especially broadband technologies, significantly improve services trade across various sectors. A key policy implication of our results is that service trade is more likely to grow through digital, information, and communication infrastructure development. Thus, policy should prioritize increasing access and usage of broadband technologies.

Problems of Information Support of Regional and Municipal Strategic Management

The regional and municipal levels of government are characterized by insufficient preparedness for the transition to new forms of information support based on the digital economy, a lag in the development of information infrastructure, contradictions between the legislative framework and the financial and economic situation of regions and municipalities in the current management system, insufficient effectiveness and efficiency of information support management processes. The purpose of the study is to justify the necessary changes in the information support system of regional and municipal government, which ensures the development of strategic planning and forecast documents and their implementation in the digital economy. Based on the analysis of strategic planning documents in the field of digital transformation of public administration, trends in the introduction of information technologies in the activities of public and private sector organizations have been identified, and the current problems of digital transformation have been identified, taking into account the factor of diversification of the regional economy. Proposals have been formulated to improve the efficiency of information support for regional and municipal government, as well as directions for further research.

China’s digital infrastructure: Networks, systems, standards

In the People’s Republic of China, the development of information infrastructures has been a cardinal component of the national modernization project for more than four decades. While most discussions of digital infrastructure in the country focus on the ‘Chinese internet,' framed by architectures of control like the Great Firewall and governmental initiatives like Internet Plus, this special issue contends that China’s digital infrastructure extends from the physical cables laid under urban streets to the ideological capture of surveillance systems, and from the smart home devices domesticated by elderly citizens to the QR codes plastered on everyday life surfaces. Through their interdisciplinary and innovative studies, this issue’s contributors push discussions of China’s digital infrastructure beyond the reduction to authoritarian control and the triumphal rhetorics of governmental imaginaries. Given the breadth of analytical scale and the variety of research methods featured in this collection, the nine contributions to this special issue are organized in three clusters, each centered around one of three key terms from infrastructure studies: networks, systems, and standards. By accounting for heterogeneous scales and relationships through which China’s digital infrastructure emerges, consolidates, and falls apart, these articles produce original knowledge about complex sociotechnical processes and develop productive concepts for future scholarship.

Experience in Organizing the Information Infrastructure of the Government of the Altai Region in Response to Security Threats

In this paper, complex information infrastructure of the government of the Altai Region is considered. The authors identify three possible stages of information infrastructure development of the government of the Altai Region, such as requirements definition, design, and implementation.

Capaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Kota Samarinda Sebagai Bahan Evaluasi Kinerja Pembangunan Hijau

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a new direction to achieve green development in social, economic, environmental, and governance development. This study is a collaboration activity of the Geospatial Information Infrastructure Development Center (PPIIG) SDGs Center of the Research and Services Institute (LP2M) of Mulawarman University and Regional Planning and Development Agency of Samarinda City. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the achievement of the Samarinda City SDGs is based on the national targets and indicators. The method used is a desk study and focus group discussion based on available data and then analyzed based on the matching and vulnerability of city level of SDGs indicators and targets. The results showed that there are 100 indicators and 15 targets that are under the authority of the City Government of Samarinda. The result of this study is the SDGs indicator have been implemented and achieved on the national target in 42%, 16 % have been implemented but it’s not been achieved on the national target yet, 2 % of indicator is not been implemented, and 40% of indicator is no data. The government of Samarinda focus on poverty, health, cities and settlement, education, fresh water, infrastructure, and governance to achieve the targets as tools to evaluating and improving their performance. There are gaps and challenges to improving and implementation the indicators, especially on data availability and awareness of government apparatus. Stakeholders’ collaboration is deeply needed to achieve SDGs national targets and integrated to the Samarinda development planning.

Information infrastructure monitoring of the IT landscape of tax administration

Subject. The article deals with the information infrastructure development of the IT landscape of tax administration. Objectives. The focus is on shaping the information infrastructure of the IT landscape of tax administration and offering tools for such development. Methods. The methodology rests on the systems and process approaches to the problem under study. In the course of the research, I employed general scientific methods of logical analysis and synthesis, in particular, typology, generalization. Results. I scrutinized and generalized the experience of interaction between tax authorities and enterprises, modeled the mechanism of tax administration on the basis of interconnected databases used to record business processes of an enterprise with the introduction of modules into the automated accounting system of enterprises. The paper presents the process of work and the scheme of interaction of bodies within the framework of tax administration.. Conclusions. The offered measures will enable to improve the information infrastructure of the IT landscape of tax administration, and systematize the issues of interaction between authorities, law enforcement agencies, bodies exercising control, and enterprises in the sphere of creating an information array, statutory regulation and information technology The presented recommendations will help create a unified federal information and analytical software package.

Legal support for the development of sustainable and secure information and telecommunications infrastructure

The relevance of the work is due to the need to adapt regulatory mechanisms to the actively developing digitalization processes. On the other hand, in the context of growing cyber threats and increasing dependence of public relations on information and telecommunications technologies, the directions for the development of legislation that ensure stability and security of the relevant infrastructure are subject to a certain rethinking in the legal aspect. The subject of the study is the legal support for the development of a sustainable and secure information and telecommunications infrastructure. The purpose of the work is to identify key areas for improving legal regulation in the field of functioning and development of sustainable and secure information and telecommunications infrastructure. The study applies methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison, as well as literal and systematic interpretation of the norms of the current legislation in the field of functioning and developing sustainable and secure information and telecommunications infrastructure. Finally, conclusions are formulated regarding the need for the development of legal regulation in this area. The research outlines the specific directions for changing the legal field, which ensure the sustainable development of information and telecommunications infrastructure in the Russian Federation.

Implementation of e-Government for Better Public Service at Lombok Barat

The aim of this study is to give recommendations for communication and information agency and all regional organizations at Lombok Barat so that the implementation of e-Government is more effective and improves employee performance in public services. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with interview instruments, observations, and document review. Based on the interviews with key informants, observations, and review of Renstra, government support for the development of information and communication technology facilities and infrastructure has not been optimal due to limited budgets and a lack of coordination between regional organizations. Qualified apparatus and skills in information and communication technology are less common, and public administration services are still lacking and seem unprofessional, this has led to people still having negative opinions about government services. The government has to support the implementation of e-Government and the development of information and communication technology, especially the improvement of facilities and infrastructure, both office rooms and public service rooms, finance for the construction of towers and other infrastructure, socialization for public so that people can trust more with the government services, and applications and programs based on information and communication technology so that public services are more improved, smooth, and reliable.&#x0D; Keywords: effectiveness, e-Government, employee performance, community service

RESEARCH OF INFORMATION FLOWS IN THE CONTROL OF INTELLIGENT POWER SYSTEM REGIMES

The purpose of this work is to solve the problem of optimizing the management of maintenance and repair equipment at large enterprises. In a unified management system, the operational collection, consolidation and transfer of indicators about the state of all numerous power equipment allows solving and sometimes avoiding many problems. It is about reducing the time for repair work (equipment downtime), offloading personnel, optimizing logistics chains, and reducing material costs. The general problems of creating intelligent energy systems from the point of view of information and telecommunication technologies have been studied. A way to process information flows in the monitoring and management of intelligent energy systems modes is proposed, which involves combining information and mathematical technologies and the use of international data standards. The approach to the development of a new information and technological infrastructure of intelligent energy systems is considered. After conducting the analysis, the optimal system is seen as a multi-level control system for intelligent electric power systems. The technology combines intelligent tools for situation analysis and software systems for mode modeling and control. The use of IT infrastructure allows to create a single information space that includes data and knowledge, as well as a set of mathematical models and methods for solving the problems of the electric power industry in the conditions of active adaptive management. In the conclusions, a detailed classification of the types of information about mode parameters is provided and the relationship between the quality of mode information and the application of various mathematical models is determined.

The effect of information infrastructure on total carbon emissions and intensity: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

This study takes the “Broadband China” demonstration cities policy as a shock to information infrastructure development, and systematically evaluates the effects of the policy on the total carbon emissions and intensity in 280 Chinese cities using the multi-period difference-in-differences method. The research results show that the policy significantly reduced total CO2 emissions and intensity, especially in cities with a higher economic development level and population size, as well as the eastern and northern cities. The mechanism analysis suggests that the policy can reduce carbon emissions through promoting fiscal science and technology expenditure, green innovation, and tertiary agglomeration. The total mediating effect of the three aspects for abating total carbon emissions and intensity is 24.69% and 23.76%, respectively. The further discussion shows that the policy also reduced environmental pollution, indicating that information infrastructure can play a synergistic role in reducing environmental pollution and CO2 emissions.

Competencies of Librarians in the Ecosystem of Open Science

The development of an open science information infrastructure requires the presence of highly qualified library staff. He should be capable of responding to and interested in changes in science and technology, able to create innovative information products and make them available to the public, organize new forms of interaction with scientists, implement educational programs, and advise on associated with the concept of open science. The study is conducted in order to determine the areas of training and practice-oriented training for additional professional programs and retraining of specialized specialists. These programs are the specialists to acquire practical skills in the creation and use of open information resources of various types, the formation of information culture of users, the development of scientific communication and new library and information services. The results of the analysis of the required competencies of library specialists are presented. They take into account the trends in the development of the information ecosystem of open science and building relationships with users through partnerships; the system of different training in Russia is studied and the gap between the education of librarians and the practice of their work on information support of research activities is determined.

Інституціональне забезпечення формування цифрової інфраструктури в умовах євроінтеграційних процесів: кейс для України

Introduction. The European integration course actualizes the need for more dynamic development of all processes aimed at the formation of digital infrastructure in Ukraine. Strengthening existing and forming new elements is one of the priority directions of the state policy of countries in the context of the transition to the digital economy. Problem Statement. The use of an institutional approach will make it possible to explain the current state and predict further ways of development of the digital infrastructure of Ukraine. Purpose.To assess the state and prospects of institutional support for the formation of Ukraine's digital infrastructure in the context of European integration processes and to develop recommendations to facilitate investment in it. Methods. The methods of dialectical logic, sociological, theoretical generalization and comparison, abstract-logical, scientific generalization are applied. Given the multifaceted nature of the research subject, the methodological basis is formed by such methods as graphic, structural-functional, and expert evaluations. Results. It was established that the institutional support for the formation of digital infrastructure is the actions of the authorities aimed at the creation of state and non-state institutions, which must provide legal, organizational and economic foundations for changing models of public management and administration, the functioning of business entities through the dominant use of technologies, products and processes using computing, telecommunications and network capabilities of electronic interaction, data exchange, signals, etc. and operate on a digital rather than analog basis. The legal basis for the formation of digital infrastructure is analyzed. The organizational basis includes the presence of relevant institutions in the state both public and private, which are part of the digital infrastructure and ensure its functioning (the state in the form of state authorities (state institutions), business entities and non-profit organizations (private institutions) ). Conclusions. Since the economic base is based on own funds and involved investments, it is proposed: at the legislative level to adopt a strategy for the development of digital infrastructure taking into account European integration processes; attract investments and invest in knowledge and human capital; initiate the creation of crowdfunding platforms, which will facilitate the search for investors for the implementation of startups in the field of digital infrastructure. As part of the development of digital infrastructure, it is proposed to shift the main attention to the development of network and information infrastructure.

Lessons Learned from a Comparative Study of Long-Term Action Research with Community Design of Infrastructural Systems

The question of how to develop and maintain appropriate, socially informed and sophisticated infrastructural systems is an ongoing concern for CSCW. Information infrastructure development efforts are usually large endeavors that involve many stakeholders, including several organizations that need to interoperate with legacy systems. Projects typically take several years to develop. The duration, variety, and sites of engagement in the development of information infrastructures can be challenging to approach with typical CSCW approaches. In this paper, we compare and analyze our varied experiences in order to generate lessons learned based on being embedded for three or more years as action researchers and ethnographers in infrastructure development projects in the domains of traffic engineering, vocational education, and ocean science. Drawing upon these experiences, as well as literature in infrastructure studies, design methodologies, and organizational studies, we extract guidance for researchers and practitioners seeking to understand and engage in long-term organizationally complex system development projects. Among these lessons, we encourage revisiting previously gathered data as scope and scale change, observing changes in the discursive "reference public" who will benefit from the system, and planning for different intellectual points of entry and exit. This paper lays groundwork for future developments in theory and method of collaborative design and development in and with complex systems.

State-of-the-Art Literature Review of Power Flow Control Methods for Low-Voltage AC and AC-DC Microgrids

The development of AC distribution systems provides for the seamless integration of low-voltage microgrids with distributed energy resources (DERs). This poses new challenges for the control of normal, emergency, and post-emergency states of microgrids, calling for the creation and development of information and communications technology infrastructure. Power converters/inverters that are used to integrate renewable DERs lack inertia. Along with them, fossil fuel-fired generation units are also being integrated into microgrids. These include gas generator sets, diesel generator sets, and microturbines, having small (up to 1–2 s) values of mechanical inertia constants—Tj. This leads to an increase in the rate of transients by a factor of 5–10. Under these conditions, the technical requirements for the speed of automatic power flow control systems, as well as the methods they rely on, have to be reconsidered. Microgrids include DC microgrids, AC microgrids, and hybrid (AC-DC) microgrids. In the case of hybrid microgrids, DERs are connected to the DC grid and are integrated into the AC grid through a common inverter. The complexity of the task of microgrid control is due to the need to choose properly the type and extent of control actions so as to prevent the emergence and development of accidents. The employed control methods must ensure the reliable power supply to consumers and the quality of power in microgrids, as well as the reliable operation of the external distribution systems into which they are integrated. The article gives an overview of control methods for low-voltage AC and AC-DC microgrids, which allow one to tackle effectively solve the tasks.

Smart Mega-City Development in Practice: A Case of Shanghai, China

As Shanghai is a megacity and pioneer in smart city development in China, this paper used Shanghai as a megacity example to investigate smart city development over the past ten years. By collecting data from multiple sources, a case study methodology was utilized to explore Shanghai’s smart megacity development in practice. Based on the key events and phases of Shanghai’s smart city development, the practical contents were systematically investigated. The main conclusions of this research included four aspects, consisting of information infrastructure, information technology and industrial development, information perception and smart applications, and a security assurance system. Moreover, a conceptual framework for Shanghai’s smart city development was constructed by integrating the phases and contents. Furthermore, the implications of Shanghai’s smart city development are critically discussed and identified from five aspects, including the development pathway, the government’s role, the financing channel, information and communication technology (ICT)-driven development, and a people-oriented concept. This study benefits academia, governments, and practitioners by providing useful insights and valuable implications for other cities to develop smart cities.