Development Of Industrial Plantations Research Articles

Mediation and Agreement of Forestry Cooperation as a Conflict Settlement of Bumi Mekar Hijau LLC Production Forest Area With Community of Riding Village (Case study of Riding village, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Indonesia)

Conflicts in forest areas usually occur due to unclear rights or laws relating to the tenure system. This can happen between individuals, communities, government agencies or private sector. The boundaries of forest areas that have not been agreed upon by the community and the government also trigger conflict. The reality in the field shows that the land in the forest area has been used by the community or the surrounding population, both migrants and local residents, but the existence of these communities has not been accommodated, especially in forestry development planning. The development of industrial timber plantations (in Indonesian – “hutan tanaman industri”, HTI) and plantations on a large scale has different backgrounds. The development of industrial plantations (HTI) is motivated more by the emergence of a large number of unproductive production forests and incentives that attract the private sector. Government policies concerning forest conversion and land use as well as various investment ease packages encourage growth in the sector's development. This study aims to determine the dynamics of the conflict, and the mediation of forestry cooperation agreements as a process of resolving the conflict of production forest area holders of PT Bumi Mekar Hijau's license and Riding Village community in Pangkalan Lampam sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This study uses a method qualitative research with descriptive data presentation. Qualitative methods in this study are defined as research procedures that produce description data in the form of written or oral words from people and observed behavior. The aim is to explain the phenomena of collecting data in depth. The population and sampling in qualitative research are very limited. With population limitations and sampling, the data collected must be in-depth and can explain the phenomenon under study. Here more emphasized is the issue of the depth of data quality. Data analysis was carried out by means of an inherent analysis of each aspect of the forest concession conflict case found. The analysis is also based on the existing conflict themes in accordance with the results of the interpretation of the cases found. In this case, the analysis process can take place since the data collection process is carried out. By state law, the area is part of the business license for utilization of plantations in industrial plantations (IUPHHK-HTI) PT. Bumi Mekar Hijau. But at that time, the company opened production forests in the region. The new activity is only canal digging and land clearing. The Riding Village Dusun I and II occupied an area of around 10,000 hectares because they felt that the company and the government had never asked their permission to make land an industrial plantation. The community has evidence that the land belongs to their ancestors, namely “sonor” (planting rice) and trenches for timber by their ancestors in the region. This physical evidence is a source of community power to survive claiming the area. In July 2013, the people of Riding Village and PT. Bumi Mekar Hijau agreed to resolve land conflicts through an open, concrete and successful dialogue process. Both parties appointed Wahana Bumi Hijau (WBH) and Imparsial Mediator Networking (IMN) as mediators who assisted the negotiation process. Since the mediation process has taken place it has been very difficult for both parties to agree on what was delivered and there is no point of completion. But on March 16, 2017 the MoU on conflict peace in Desa Riding with PT. Bumi Mekar Hijau was held at the Forestry Service of South Sumatra Province which was attended by the Village Government and Riding community, Tripika Sub-District Pangkalan Lampam, IMN Mediator, Asia Pulp and Paper (APP), Forest Service District Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra Provincial Forestry Service, Directorate of handling tenure and customary forest conflicts and Director of Sustainable Production Forest Management. On April 21, 2017, the signing of a forestry cooperation agreement between PT. Bumi Mekar Hijau with Riding Village was held, in Riding Village with an area of 10,000 hectares, which was intended for 3,500 hectares of acacia plant partnerships, 1500 hectares of wana tani (Agroforestry) partnerships, 610 hectares for drainage infrastructure, 333.6 hectares for residential settlements, 1,000.8 hectares for government-owned road infrastructure, 1,863.4 hectares of forage buffalo land and 1,192.2 hectares of protected area.

Le bois futur viendra des plantations

A quick overview of planted forests all over the world highlights the significance of their contribution in spite of the small surface area involved (6.5 % of forested surface areas that cover 50 to 60 % of industrial roundwood needs). Using statistics from the FAo and from the recent Indufor strategic review on trends in forest plantations, the author reports the recent and very considerable development of industrial plantations (the most intensive) in subtropical and tropical areas. He underscores the very active role played by major corporations in the pulp and particle board industries and the importance of research and development that enables them to respond to the increase in world wood demand both vigorously and quickly while at the same time influencing it by making available an unprecedented supply in terms of quantity, quality and price. Industrial plantations of fast-growing species can therefore be expected to develop in tropical areas starting with the most suitable countries.

Extent of industrial plantations on Southeast Asian peatlands in 2010 with analysis of historical expansion and future projections

AbstractTropical peatlands cover over 25 Mha in Southeast Asia and are estimated to contain around 70 Gt of carbon. Peat swamp forest ecosystems are an important part of the region's natural resources supporting unique flora and fauna endemic to Southeast Asia. Over recent years, industrial plantation development on peatland, especially for oil palm cultivation, has created intense debate due to its potentially adverse social and environmental effects. The lack of objective up‐to‐date information on the extent of industrial plantations has complicated quantification of their regional and global environmental consequences, both in terms of loss of forest and biodiversity as well as increases in carbon emissions. Based on visual interpretation of high‐resolution (30 m) satellite images, we find that industrial plantations covered over 3.1 Mha (20%) of the peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2010, surpassing the area of Belgium and causing an annual carbon emission from peat decomposition of 230–310 Mt CO2e. The majority (62%) of the plantations were located on the island of Sumatra, and over two‐thirds (69%) of all industrial plantations were developed for oil palm cultivation, with the remainder mostly being Acacia plantations for paper pulp production. Historical analysis shows strong acceleration of plantation development in recent years: 70% of all industrial plantations have been established since 2000 and only 4% of the current plantation area existed in 1990. ‘Business‐as‐usual’ projections of future conversion rates, based on historical rates over the past two decades, indicate that 6–9 Mha of peatland in insular Southeast Asia may be converted to plantations by the year 2020, unless land use planning policies or markets for products change. This would increase the annual carbon emission to somewhere between 380 and 920 Mt CO2e by 2020 depending on water management practices and the extent of plantations.

A Model for Planning the Development of Industrial Plantations

SUMMARY A planning system, with a horizon of 25 years was developed for a plantation enterprise in Victoria. It extended the well-known application of linear programming to yield control to the selection of intensive silvicultural methods and capital rationing. The broad range of decisions evaluated by model included:—buying land; selecting the extent, location and methods of annual planting; investing in tree breeding; fertilising after planting; yield control by prescribing thinning regimes and setting clear felling ages; purchasing outside wood; budgeting and rationing of capital invested in plantation development. The construction and use of the analytical models was integrated into the decision-making structure of the organisation. Use of the system demonstrated the interactions between demands, budgets, thinning method, age of clear felling, planting method and fertilisation.