Development Of Grid Applications Research Articles

Blockchain-Based Applications for Smart Grids: An Umbrella Review

This article presents an umbrella review of blockchain-based smart grid applications. By umbrella review, we mean that our review is based on systematic reviews of this topic. We aim to synthesize the findings from these systematic reviews and gain deeper insights into this discipline. After studying the systematic reviews, we find it imperative to provide a concise and authoritative description of blockchain technology because many technical inaccuracies permeate many of these papers. This umbrella review is guided by five research questions. The first research question concerns the types of blockchain-based smart grid applications. Existing systematic reviews rarely used a systematic method to classify these applications. To address this issue, we propose a taxonomy of these applications, first by differentiating them based on whether the application is focusing on functional or non-functional aspects of smart grid operations, and then by the specific functions or perspectives that the application aims to implement or enhance. The second research question concerns the roles that blockchain technology plays in smart grid applications. We synthesize the findings by identifying the most prominent benefits that blockchain technology could bring to these applications. We also take the opportunity to point out several common technical mistakes that pervade the blockchain literature, such as equating all forms of blockchains to data immutability. The third research question concerns the guidelines for deciding whether a blockchain-based solution would be useful to address the needs of smart grids. We synthesize the findings by proposing benefit-based guidelines. The fourth research question concerns the maturity levels of blockchain-based smart grid applications. We differentiate between academic-led and industry-led projects. We propose a five-level scale to evaluate the maturity levels. The ranking of the industry-led projects is performed through our own investigation. Our investigation shows that more than half of the industry-led projects mentioned in the systematic reviews are no longer active. Furthermore, although there are numerous news reports and a large number of academic papers published on blockchain-based smart grid applications, very few have been successfully embraced by the industry. The fifth research question concerns the open research issues in the development of blockchain-based smart grid applications. We synthesize the findings and provide our own analysis.

Digital Twin Concept, Method and Technical Framework for Smart Meters

Smart meters connect smart grid electricity suppliers and users. Smart meters have become a research hotspot as smart grid applications like demand response, power theft prevention, power quality monitoring, peak valley time of use prices, and peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading have grown. But, as the carriers of these functions, smart meters have technical problems such as limited computing resources, difficulty in upgrading, and high costs, which to some extent restrict the further development of smart grid applications. To address these issues, this study offers a container-based digital twin (CDT) approach for smart meters, which not only increases the user-facing computing resources of smart meters but also simplifies and lowers the overall cost and technical complexity of meter changes. In order to further validate the effectiveness of this method in real-time applications on the smart grid user side, this article tested and analyzed the communication performance of the digital twin system in three areas: remote application services, peer-to-peer transactions, and real-time user request services. The experimental results show that the CDT method proposed in this paper meets the basic requirements of smart grid user-side applications for real-time communication. The container is deployed in the cloud, and the average time required to complete 100 P2P communications using our smart meter structure is less than 2.4 seconds, while the average time required for existing smart meter structures to complete the same number of P2P communications is 208 seconds. Finally, applications, the future development direction of the digital twin method, and technology architecture are projected.

FogChain: A Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Solar Power Trading System Powered by Fog AI

Microgrids, gaining traction from rising distributed generation for carbon reduction, demand novel solutions to regulate on- and off-grid operations, as well as both energy and monetary transfers between the microgrid and the central grid and among different microgrid participants. This research aims to develop and validate an intelligent microgrid management system to secure the competitiveness of Singapore’s energy market, by leveraging the inherent synergy between two emerging technologies, i.e., blockchain for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) solar power trading and fog computing for grid infrastructure management. For this vision, we have developed FogChain, an integrative, cost-effective, and scalable microgrid operating system (MGOS), consisting of three technical service layers: 1) a novel microgrid information infrastructure based on the fog-computing paradigm (i.e., intelligence on edge); 2) a blockchain-based microgrid service layer, providing smart contract and decentralized control capabilities for grid application development; and 3) a microgrid application layer (i.e., P2P energy trading) over the blockchain-based grid service. This MGOS would fundamentally transform how solar power is traded among participating electricity prosumers, leading to potentially new operational and business models. We have implemented the FogChain system and conducted extensive experiments to verify its performance advantages. Our results demonstrate that FogChain can efficiently process energy auction among 1000 participants with 1.1 s delay on average, reduce transmission cost up to 20% under the loss-aware trading mechanism, and reduce the solar yield prediction error to 0.11. Our system prototype suggests that FogChain provides a promising solution for efficient decentralized energy trading and intelligent distributed control for microgrids.

Research on Application of Network Slicing Technology Based on 5G in Smart Grid

5G technology has been continuously promoted and has become a key driving force to promote the development of all walks of life and assist the national strategic decision-making. In the era of Internet of Everything, 5G network slicing technology, with its advantages of low latency, high security and scheduling, can better realize the rational and efficient scheduling and allocation of network resources, and fully improve the effective utilization rate of resources. This paper systematically summarizes the network slicing technology, analyzes the application of 5G network slicing technology in different power Internet of Things business scenarios and communication requirements, and puts forward the challenges that 5G network slicing technology in smart grid may face in the future, aiming at providing theoretical basis for the further development of 5G technology and promoting the continuous development of 5G smart grid application.

A cloud framework for problem-based learning on grid computing

Training on Grid technologies has traditionally used existing Grid infrastructures to implement the hands-on education activities. However, these infrastructures are insufficient to develop all training skills as they can only be employed for the development of Grid applications, and they are limited for learning the management and configuration of Grid resources. The paper presents a set of educational activities grouped on a Project Based Learning (PBL) framework for training on Grid technologies. A Cloud-based tool has been implemented to provide Grid infrastructures as a Service on the cloud, with enhanced scalability and administration capabilities. The PBL has achieved a high impact in the teaching-learning process, addressing the training in all the necessary skills and efficiently providing Grid infrastructure resources on public clouds at a moderate cost. Finally, we evaluated the students' opinion on the activities achieving a very satisfactory result and a reasonable balance on the complexity of the PBL stages.

Development of smart grid applications for smart homes with internet of things

This work aims at the study and construction of a system that unifies SmartGrid technologies with the Internet concepts of Things. The union of these creates a new concept called the Internet of Energy. The use of the Internet of things in this branch is precisely to promote an autonomous communication between the various intelligent objects through the internet, providing a greater intercommunication of the system. The application has as main goal to be applied in smart homes. It will be used to increase the efficiency of the home's electrical grid by providing power information currently spent by the connected devices to the user, giving greater control over energy expenditure and decreasing the amount paid by the homeowner in the energy bills at the end of the year. month. This information will all be provided through the Internet, thereby building an intelligent control system that can communicate with a user via the Web.

Context-awareness and the smart grid: Requirements and challenges

New intelligent power grids (smart grids) will be an essential way of improving efficiency in power supply and power consumption, facilitating the use of distributed and renewable resources on the supply side and providing consumers with a range of tailored services on the consumption side. The delivery of efficiencies and advanced services in a smart grid will require both a comprehensive overlay communications network and flexible software platforms that can process data from a variety of sources, especially electronic sensor networks. Parallel developments in autonomic systems, pervasive computing and context-awareness (relating in particular to data fusion, context modelling, and semantic data) could provide key elements in the development of scalable smart grid data management systems and applications that utilise a multi-technology communications network. This paper describes: (1) the communications and data management requirements of the emerging smart grid, (2) state-of-the-art techniques and systems for context-awareness and (3) a future direction towards devising a context-aware middleware platform for the smart grid, as well as associated requirements and challenges.

On the Easy Use of Scientific Computing Services for Large Scale Linear Algebra and Parallel Decision Making with the P-Grade Portal

Scientific research is becoming increasingly dependent on the large-scale analysis of data using distributed computing infrastructures (Grid, cloud, GPU, etc.). Scientific computing (Petitet et al. 1999) aims at constructing mathematical models and numerical solution techniques for solving problems arising in science and engineering. In this paper, we describe the services of an integrated portal based on the P-Grade (Parallel Grid Run-time and Application Development Environment) portal ( http://www.p-grade.hu ) that enables the solution of large-scale linear systems of equations using direct solvers, makes easier the use of parallel block iterative algorithm and provides an interface for parallel decision making algorithms. The ultimate goal is to develop a single sign on integrated multi-service environment providing an easy access to different kind of mathematical calculations and algorithms to be performed on hybrid distributed computing infrastructures combining the benefits of large clusters, Grid or cloud, when needed.

Framework for grid application development with support of different types of large-scale computing tasks

Despite active development and use of grid-technologies for solving computing large-scale tasks of different scientific fields, the issue of complexity and efficiency of using the grid-environment by its ultimate users is of current importance, as well as ensuring the required quality of service. This is caused by complexity of lowlevel and lack of full-featured high-level grid-tools. The features of using the grid-environment for various types of computing tasks was considered. The requirements for developing high-level grid-applications and results of existing studies were presented. The paper provides an extension of the gUSE / WS-PGRADE open framework architecture by optimization of planning and execution of different tasks in the grid-environment by analyzing the structural features of the task, state and quality of service of the grid-network resources. The framework will reduce costs for development cross-platform grid-applications and improve the efficiency of grid-environment used for solving the application tasks of various scientific fields

Web Portal for Photonic Technologies Using Grid Infrastructures

The modeling of physical processes is an integral part of scientific and technical research. In this area, the Extendible C++ Application in Quantum Technologies (ECAQT) package provides the numerical simulations and modeling of complex quantum systems in the presence of decoherence with wide applications in photonics. It allows creating models of interacting complex systems and simulates their time evolution with a number of available time-evolution drivers. Physical simulations require massive amounts of calculations are often executed on distributed computing infrastructures. It is often difficult for non expert users to use such computational infrastructures or even to use advanced libraries over the infrastructures, because they often require being familiar with middleware and tools, parallel programming techniques and packages. The Parallel Grid Run-time and Application Development Environment (P-RADE) Grid Portal is a Grid portal solution that allows users to manage the whole life-cycle for executing a parallel application on the computing Grid infrastructures. The article describes the functionality and the structure of the web portal based on ECAQT package.

Application Plugins for Distributed Simulations on the Grid

Computing grids are today still underexploited by scientific computing communities. The main reasons for this are, on the one hand, the complexity and variety of tools and services existent in the grid middleware ecosystem, and, on the other hand, the complexity of the development of applications capable to exploit the grids. We address in this work the challenge of developing grid applications that keep pace with the rapid evolution of grid middleware. For that, we propose an approach based on plugins for grid applications that encapsulate a set of commonly used type of grid operations. We further propose more complex high-level functionalities, such as the plugins for remote exploration of simulation scenarios and for monitoring of the behavior of end-user applications in grids. We provide an example of a grid application constructed with these software components and evaluate based on it the performance of our approach in the context of the simulation of biological neurons. The results obtained on test and production grids demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed plugins, with a small performance overhead compared to traditional grid tools.

ISENGARD: an infrastructure for supporting e‐science and grid application development

AbstractGrid computing facilitates the aggregation and coordination of resources that are distributed across multiple administrative domains for large‐scale and complex e‐Science experiments. Writing, deploying, and testing grid applications over highly heterogeneous and distributed resources are complex and challenging. The process requires grid‐enabled programming tools that can handle the complexity and scale of the infrastructure. However, while a large amount of research has been undertaken into grid middleware, little work has been directed specifically at the area of grid application development tools. This paper presents the design and implementation of ISENGARD, an infrastructure for supporting e‐Science and grid application development. ISENGARD provides services, tools, and APIs that simplify grid software development. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Practical considerations on the GreenView application development and execution over SEE-GRID

Earth Science data and particularly the satellite images supplies important information on status and dynamics of earth covering vegetation. The development of environment applications is a challenge for Grid technologies and software development methodologies. This paper exemplifies and experiments the development of the GreenView application over SEE-GRID infrastructure by the Grid Application Development Methodology. The paper highlights through the ESIP and gProcess platforms based methodology the steps of the GreenView development. The application reveals three main functionalities—refinement of the satellite image resolution, field measurements based calibration and satellite image classification by vegetation index computation. A few experiments evaluate the execution time of the tasks at four sites of the SEE-GRID infrastructure.

Orchestration of Grid-Enabled Geospatial Web Services in Geoscientific Workflows

The need for computational resources capable of processing geospatial data has accelerated the uptake of geospatial web services. Several academic and commercial organizations now offer geospatial web services for data provision, coordinate transformation, geocoding and several other tasks. These web services adopt specifications developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) - the leading standardization body for Geographic Information Systems. In parallel with efforts of the OGC, the Grid computing community has published specifications for developing Grid applications. The Open Grid Forum (OGF) is the main body that promotes interoperability between Grid computing systems. This study examines the integration of Grid services and geospatial web services into workflows for Geoscientific processing. An architecture is proposed that bridges web services based on the abstract geospatial architecture (ISO19119) and the Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA). The paper presents a workflow management system, called SAW-GEO, that supports orchestration of Grid-enabled geospatial web services. An implementation of SAW-GEO is presented, based on both the Simple Conceptual Unified Flow Language (SCUFL) and the Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (WS-BPEL or BPEL for short).

Satin

Computational grids have an enormous potential to provide compute power. However, this power remains largely unexploited today for most applications, except trivially parallel programs. Developing parallel grid applications simply is too difficult. Grids introduce several problems not encountered before, mainly due to the highly heterogeneous and dynamic computing and networking environment. Furthermore, failures occur frequently, and resources may be claimed by higher-priority jobs at any time. In this article, we solve these problems for an important class of applications: divide-and-conquer. We introduce a system called Satin that simplifies the development of parallel grid applications by providing a rich high-level programming model that completely hides communication. All grid issues are transparently handled in the runtime system, not by the programmer. Satin's programming model is based on Java, features spawn-sync primitives and shared objects, and uses asynchronous exceptions and an abort mechanism to support speculative parallelism. To allow an efficient implementation, Satin consistently exploits the idea that grids are hierarchically structured. Dynamic load-balancing is done with a novel cluster-aware scheduling algorithm that hides the long wide-area latencies by overlapping them with useful local work. Satin's shared object model lets the application define the consistency model it needs. If an application needs only loose consistency, it does not have to pay high performance penalties for wide-area communication and synchronization. We demonstrate how grid problems such as resource changes and failures can be handled transparently and efficiently. Finally, we show that adaptivity is important in grids. Satin can increase performance considerably by adding and removing compute resources automatically, based on the application's requirements and the utilization of the machines and networks in the grid. Using an extensive evaluation on real grids with up to 960 cores, we demonstrate that it is possible to provide a simple high-level programming model for divide-and-conquer applications, while achieving excellent performance on grids. At the same time, we show that the divide-and-conquer model scales better on large systems than the master-worker approach, since it has no single central bottleneck.

M‐JGRIM: a novel middleware for Gridifying Java applications into mobile Grid services

AbstractThe benefits of Grids for building massively distributed applications have been broadly acknowledged. However, the high complexity of developing Grid applications compromises the widespread adoption of the paradigm. In a previous paper (Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 2008; 24(2):99–118), we have described JGRIM, a method for easily ‘gridifying’ Java applications, based on non‐invasively injecting Grid functionality into ordinary code through Dependency Injection (DI). DI is similar to the Inversion of Control notion of object‐oriented frameworks and allows external services providing certain functionality to be injected into application components that require these services without affecting the components' implementation. In this paper, we briefly revisit JGRIM and present m‐JGRIM, a novel Java middleware that materializes JGRIM concepts by transforming ordinary applications into entities called Mobile Grid Services, i.e. gridified applications with mobile capabilities that live within a Grid. We also provide an evaluation of the performance of m‐JGRIM. Grid practitioners should find this paper useful in having an assessment of the practical benefits and costs of gridifying applications with the middleware, and a down‐to‐earth description of JGRIM, whose advantages for Grid‐enabling applications from a software engineering perspective have been already evaluated in (Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 2008; 24(2):99–118). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Modeling Stream Communications in Component-based Applications

Component technology is a promising approach to develop Grid applications, allowing to design very complex applications by hierarchical composition of basic components. Nevertheless, component applications on Grids have complex deployment models. Performance-sensitive decisions should be taken by automatic tools, matching developer knowledge about component performance with QoS requirements on the applications, in order to find deployment plans that satisfy a Service Level Agreement (SLA). This paper presents a steady-state performance model for component-based applications with stream communication semantics. The model strictly adheres to the hierarchical nature of component-based applications, and is of practical use in launch-time decisions.

Research on Manageability of Grid Service Model Method and Management Strategies

With the development of Grid technology and Grid application,higher requirements are imposed on the efficiency and quality of the grid system.And the service management is a necessary method to improve quality of service(QoS).In this paper,the definition and formalized description of Grid service churn and manageability are proposed.And a stochastic Petri net(SPN) model is upbuilt to describe the process of Grid service with churns.On the other hand,service management strategies are classified and researched.According to the computing results of SPN model,the influences of these strategies to churn and the quantifying results of manageability are analyzed.This paper can provide the reference to actual application.

Transparent parallel checkpointing and migration in clusters and ClusterGrids

This paper introduces a novel approach in parallel checkpointing aimed at supporting fault-tolerance and migration among clusters of a ClusterGrid environment with various middleware components. Based on an architectural analysis, compatibility and integrity requirements are identified and corresponding conditions are established. Some of the available checkpointing systems are checked against the conditions in order to examine their conformity. Finally, a novel checkpointing approach is defined and the Parallel Grid Runtime and Application Development Environment (P-GRADE) Grid Programming Tool is adapted.

AUTOMATIC MAPPING OF ASSIST APPLICATIONS USING PROCESS ALGEBRA

Grid technologies aim to harness the computational capabilities of widely distributed collections of computers. Due to the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of the set of grid resources, the programming and optimisation burden of a low level approach to grid computing is clearly unacceptable for large scale, complex applications. The development of grid applications can be simplified by using high-level programming environments. In the present work, we address the problem of the mapping of a high-level grid application onto the computational resources. In order to optimise the mapping of the application, we propose to automatically generate performance models from the application using the process algebra PEPA. We target applications written with the high-level environment ASSIST, since the use of such a structured environment allows us to automate the study of the application more effectively.