Development Of Green Supply Chain Research Articles

Blockchain adoption and strategic contracting in a green supply chain considering market segmentation

PurposeThe aim of this study is to examine the influence of consumer preferences for overseas green products and the implementation of blockchain technology on the performance of a supply chain, which comprises an overseas manufacturer and a domestic e-commerce platform. This research endeavors to identify the optimal pricing decisions and strategies for both the manufacturer and the platform in the context of the expanding e-commerce and globalization of the economy.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose and analyze four distinct models based on the selection of selling contracts by the manufacturer and the adoption strategy of blockchain by the platform, using game theory to obtain the optimal solutions for these models.FindingsThe authors show that consumer migration promotes the manufacturer's green inputs, while the expansion of green consumer proportion is not conducive to it. They also show that blockchain technology has the potential to effectively limit manufacturer cannibalization. Interestingly, the study reveals a cascading effect of advantage where the manufacturer's profit variation trend changes only with the integration of pricing power advantage and blockchain technology inputs. This effect suggests that the equilibrium strategy is achievable under the agency contract with blockchain adoption, while Pareto improvement can be obtained with blockchain technology under both selling contracts.Research limitations/implicationsThis research could be extended in several possible directions. First, future work could explore outsourcing strategies for overseas manufacturers. Second, more types of consumer heterogeneity and different risk preferences could be considered. Third, this study can be extended by further exploring the design of mechanisms under asymmetric demand information to make the model more realistic.Originality/valueThe authors examine the impact of market segmentation and consumer preferences on green supply chain decisions, and analyze supply chain members' strategic choices for selling contracts and blockchain adoptions. The research also sheds light on the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of green supply chain development and blockchain applications.

How Does Digital Transformation Impact Green Supply Chain Development? An Empirical Analysis Based on the TOE Theoretical Framework

Digital transformation and sustainability are both at the forefront of current supply chain developments. However, the specific mechanisms of how digital transformation and green supply chain development interact still need to be clarified, which can help supply chain business operators to enhance supply chain sustainability more effectively. This paper focuses on how the companies’ organization structure and the socio-economic environment interact with digital technologies under the process of green supply chain development. Based on the “Technology–Organization–Environment” (TOE) framework, this paper analyze how digital transformation can drive green supply chain development. To test the TOE theoretical analysis framework, this paper calculates the digital transformation and green supply chain development index at the provincial level in China and conducts an empirical study. The main findings and implications of this paper can be summarized in the following aspects: First, according to the TOE theory, the external environment dimensions, such as the market and policy environments, affect the role of digital technology in promoting GSC development. Second, in the organizational dimensions, labor–capital relations, company size, and ownership factors can all affect the contribution of digital transformation to green supply chains. Third, there are differences in the impact of different types of digitization technologies on GSC development.

A Study on the Low-Carbon Transformation Path of Sinopec Group Based on ESG Principles

This study examines the low-carbon transformation path of the petrochemical industry based on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles, taking China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec Group) as a case study. The research first analyzes the year-on-year carbon emissions of the petrochemical industry. Subsequently, addressing the deficiencies in Sinopec Group’s low-carbon transformation path, a series of recommendations are proposed: in terms of information disclosure, the study advocates for improvements in ESG reporting and transparency to enhance corporate governance and social impact. In the strategic aspect, the research suggests that Sinopec Group actively promotes sustainable procurement and green supply chain development, collaborating with partners to drive low-carbon transformation. This study aims to identify shortcomings and provide recommendations for the current low-carbon transformation path of China Petrochemical Corporation, serving as a reference for Sinopec Group and other enterprises within the industry.

Technologies Associated with Industry 4.0 in Green Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to review the literature published in the last 15 years (2007–2022) that relates to Industry 4.0 and the green supply chain (GSC). This review identifies the enabling technologies for Industry 4.0 that are being applied to improve GSC practices and establishes the points of its future research agenda. A systematic literature review (SLR) of this topic was conducted using Web of Science and Scopus as databases. Our study combined descriptive and conceptual analysis, guided by three review questions. These questions were proposed to identify how Industry 4.0 technologies can enhance the development of GSCs. After refinement, 75 papers were analyzed. This research underlines what technologies of Industry 4.0 are being implemented to improve GSC aspects. In addition, it shows in which GSC practices the application of these technologies is being considered and what challenges of implementing Industry 4.0 in GSCs have been identified in the literature. Finally, all these findings enhance establishing a future research agenda. Current studies have focused on analyzing the benefits of implementing Industry 4.0 in GSCs. However, this paper delves into enabling technologies for Industry 4.0 and GSC practices and does not only discuss them in general terms.

Green supply chain innovation management strategy based on the combination of low carbon economy and e-commerce with big data technology

Abstract In recent years, cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile Internet and other emerging technologies have emerged and developed continuously, prompting various kinds of data to gradually show an explosive growth trend, and the resulting impact has penetrated into all levels of industry, scientific research, education, family and society, which marks that mankind has entered the era of big data comprehensively. At the same time, with the arrival of the era of big data, the concept of decarbonizing and greening of the supply chain is deeply rooted in the hearts of people, and it has become an inevitable trend for enterprises to promote the development and innovation of green supply chain. The supply chain of e-commerce is inseparable from big data technology. This paper intends to effectively combine low carbon economy and e-commerce from the perspective of big data-based application, and explore the green supply chain innovation management strategy based on the combination of low carbon economy and e-commerce under big data technology, so as to effectively promote the innovation and development of green supply chain management strategy in the era of low carbon economy.

Research on Pricing and Coordination of Dual-Channel Green Supply Chain

In recent years, environmental pollution and resource waste have become the focus of heated discussion around the world. In order to realize green and sustainable development, the development of green supply chain (GSC) has attracted the attention of many scholars. The research object of this paper is the dual-channel green supply chain (DGSC) composed of online channels and offline channels. The supplier is the leader of the entire DGSC, and it needs to optimize the wholesale price of the product and the level of green investment to maximize its own benefit. In addition, the supplier also needs to establish contracts with network sales platform (NSP) and store sales platform (SSP) to increase the benefit of NSP and SSP, and ultimately increase the benefit level of the entire DGSC. Among them, we constructed a centralized decision (CD) model and a decentralized decision (DD) model, and obtained the optimal pricing, optimal greenness and optimal benefit of the supplier, NSP and SSP under the two models. We found that the benefits of SC members under the DD model are generally lower than those of the CC model. Therefore, we built contracts between the supplier, NSP and SSP to coordinate. Finally, we substituted specific parameters to verify the model. The following conclusions are drawn: (i) When consumers prefer online sales channels, it will positively affect the online sales price, online sales volume and greenness level of DGSC. At the same time, it negatively affects offline sales price and sales volume. (ii) The benefit of DGSC and the benefit of NSP, SSP, and the supplier show a phenomenon of decline first and then increase with respect to consumers’ preference for online sales channels. (iii) Under the coordination contract, the subsidy factor positively affects the benefits of the supplier and online and offline wholesale prices, and negatively affects the benefits of online platforms and physical stores.

Optimal Policy for Probabilistic Selling with Three-Way Revenue Sharing Contract under the Perspective of Sustainable Supply Chain

Probabilistic selling (PS) is widely used in the travel industry and marketing practices; how to design a win-win contract using PS in multiple participants’ supply chain to achieve sustainable development has been a worthy concerned issue in the green supply chain development in China. To end this, we consider a three-players supply chain involving two firms and a common retailer in which the firms sell their transparent products via a dual channel, while the retailer sells probabilistic goods by a direct channel. First, the three players’ demand functions are derived using both a Hotelling model and taking account of consumers’ price reference effects. Second, we construct a probabilistic selling model for both decentralized and centralized supply chain systems. The optimal policies for the decentralized system are determined by employing Stackelberg sequential games and an analytical approach. Third, we propose a new three-way revenue sharing contract to deal with channel conflict. Furthermore, we determine the conditions under which the dual-channel supply chain can be coordinated to achieve a win–win situation for all participants. The results indicate that the retailer adopts probabilistic selling depending upon the relative values of the two manufacturers’ production costs in the three-way revenue sharing contract. More interestingly, PS not only can improve the supply chain’s efficiency, but also can coordinate the dual-channel supply chain to achieve a win-win situation for all participants. Finally, we present a numerical analysis to verify our results and a sensitivity analysis of the parameters involved.

Model of operational planning of freight transportation by tram as part of a green logistics system

The introduction of environmentally friendly technologies is becoming increasingly necessary to combat global warm-ing and air pollution in cities. The concept of eco-logistics is seen as an effective approach to the management of materials and related flows in order to reduce environmental and economic damage to the environment. The sustaina-ble development of green supply chains is based on the use of environmentally friendly types of vehicles, reduction of energy and other resources consumption, optimization of transport and technological processes in delivery systems. As part of the development of green supply chain, it is proposed to transport goods by freight trams, which eliminates the need for heavy trucks in the city, improves traffic conditions and reduces the environmental impact of transport. The research was conducted for the city of Poznan. The distribution system of the city of Poznan operates in conditions of stochastic demand for deliveries from clients and the risk of lack of sufficient supplies in distribution centers. To take into account the specificity of the distribution system of cargo delivery in conditions of uncertainty and risk, a simula-tion model of the organization of the material flows within the transport system of the city of Poznan has been pro-posed. The result of simulation is the optimal assignment of clients to the distribution centers, as well as the value of total mileage with the load, which is a random variable. It is assumed that the random variable is distributed according to the normal distribution law. The results were calculated and compared for two variants, i.e. for constant demand and sufficient quantity of cargo in distribution centers, and for variable demand and uncertainty conditions, e.g. insuffi-cient cargo quantity in distribution centers. The purpose of the paper is to develop a simulation model for planning supplies of small consignments of goods by trams implementing green logistics concept with variable demand for transportation. After a short introduction of the problem, the literature review related to the concept of green logistics and requirements of transport and distribution system are presented in section 2. In section 3, the research problem and research methodology are described. Section 4 provides the results of assignment of clients to distribution centers. The paper ends with concluding remarks.

A game between green and non-green supply chains considering two-way government intervention and manufacturer competition

Enterprise competition has been transformed into chain-to-chain competition, and green development is imperative under the promotion of policies. Horizontal cooperation between green and non-green manufacturers provides a new direction for the supply chain to improve its core competitiveness. This paper develops competition and cooperation models between two manufacturers for the green and non-green supply chain under two-way government intervention to explore the impact of manufacturers’ horizontal cooperation on decisions and profits of supply chain members. In particular, for a situation without cooperation, we consider a Stackelberg game between two manufacturers. Model solutions and numerical analysis have shown that: 1) Cooperation among manufacturers can not only improve their own profits, but also strengthen environmental welfare. However, cooperation will damage consumer surplus. 2) When consumers are more sensitive to product prices, manufacturers’ cooperative behavior is not conducive to retailers, but with the improvement of consumer environmental awareness, retailers will gradually support their upstream cooperation. 3) Under the simultaneous implementation of government subsidy and punishment strategies, whether green consumption can be promoted is related to the adjustment factor of government subsidies, while the relationship between the green level floor for subsidy and product greenness is affected by the adjustment factor of subsidies and manufacturers’ cooperation. 4) The impacts of fierce price competition and green level competition on supply chain members are opposite; when the price competition is moderate or the green level competition is weak, the manufacturers’ cooperation is also beneficial to the improvement of retailers’ profits. This provides ideas for the development of green supply chain, and provides a reference for the implementation of two-way government intervention policy.

The evolutionary game and simulation of key players in the green supply chain of construction industry

PurposeThis research studies the behavior choice of key actors in the construction supply chain and constructs a model which includes the benefit function of the government, contractors and owners, aiming at improving the coverage of green buildings.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, tripartite dynamic game is studied and simulated based on duplicate dynamic equation. The tripartite game under government intervention is rarely considered, and government punishment measures are seldom introduced into the research.FindingsAccording to the simulation results, the practical insights in line with the development of green supply chain are put forward. Rewards and punishments affect the development of the supply chain. New technologies and new materials accelerate the development of green supply chain and then improve the coverage of green buildings.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper constructs a dynamic model based on complete information rationality, which is difficult to realize in practice, for information is incomplete and human rationality is limited.Originality/valueIn fact, the government has not issued a punishment document to introduce a new variable adjustment model.

Influencing factors for green supply chain management:a qualitative paper based on ESG concept

At present, green supply chain management is one of the hot spots in supply chain management. For the long-term future world of enterprises and the harmony between human beings and nature, the implementation of green supply chain management should be vigorously promoted. The article outlines the five most researched areas of green supply chain management through a keyword classification, clearly explaining the potential for green supply chain development in both theoretical and practical terms. On this basis, the article analyzes the influences on the green supply chain management from three perspectives: environmental, social and governance. In conclusion, environmental, social, governance philosophy will strengthen overall green supply chain management capabilities.

Modeling green supply chain games with governmental interventions and risk preferences under fuzzy uncertainties

The aggravation of environmental issues makes green manufacturing become inevitable and fuzzy uncertainties prevail in supply chain management. To further promote the development of green supply chain, this paper considers a two-echelon green supply chain models with governmental interventions composed of one supplier and one retailer under fuzzy uncertainties, in which the parameters of demand function and manufacturing cost are all characterized as fuzzy variables. Then the equilibrium decisions of the expected value and chance-constrained programming models are derived considering the different risk references of the supplier and the retailer. At the end, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the theoretical underpinning of proposed models. Analytical results indicate that the supplier and the retailer can obtain different equilibrium decisions by adjusting different confidence levels. The equilibrium decisions reflect the risk attitudes of the supplier and the retailer to the uncertainties in supply chain system and their different predictions on possible level. Then, whether the supplier as a leader has the first-mover advantage is related to the risk attitudes of the supplier and the retailer when dealing with the uncertainties of the green supply chain system. Moreover, the strong governmental interventions can coordinate not only the conflict between pricing and green level decisions, but also the contradiction between the consumers and the supplier. In addition, the retailer may be the main puller of the green supply chain in developing the green product.

Evolutionary Game Analysis Among Three Green-Sensitive Parties in Green Supply Chains

A green supply chain, as one of the most critical low-carbon strategies, has been widely studied along with evolutionary game theory, for which governmental policies, such as a carbon tax, subsidies, or penalties, have been frequently applied; however, green sensitivity has been little explored. In this study, a general evolutionary game model composed of green-sensitive governments, enterprises, and consumers is built by considering the policy factors, and the evolutionary stable strategies of this model are solved. The solution results reveal that the green sensitivities significantly affect the evolutionary dynamics and stable strategies of the model. Green supply chains can evolve from low to advanced stages as the green sensitivities increase. At low development stages, governments must take the lead in enhancing their green sensitivity, resort to two key composite policy factor solutions, and encourage enterprises and consumers to increase their green sensitivities and drive them to adopt green strategies. As the green sensitivities of both enterprises and consumers have progressively increased to a certain high level, governments can adopt a nonsupervision strategy, reaching an advanced evolutionary stable strategy with the enterprises and consumers having complete autonomy. Therefore, green sensitivity has been proven to be a substitute for policy factors for green supply chain development. Moreover, the advanced strategy cannot be reached by any policy factor composition without green sensitivity. The findings above clarify the significance of green sensitivity, indicating that specific government policies based on the specific green sensitivities of the three parties can improve green supply chain management.

Supply chain green innovation subsidy strategy considering consumer heterogeneity

Green innovation is the primary determinant of green supply chain development. To encourage enterprises of the supply chain to consciously execute green innovation, the government often adopts targeted innovation subsidy strategies. In this paper, three types of innovation subsidy scenarios are considered, and, for generality, consumers are categorized as green and non-green, with the following conclusions obtained from the game analysis. (1) At the supply chain level, the government tends to subsidize the core manufacturer instead of subsidizing both the manufacturer and upstream supplier. (2) When the government subsidizes the manufacturer, the entire supply chain can be stimulated by the internal incentive in the supply chain to implement green innovation, which is conducive to environmental and economic benefits as well as social welfare. (3) As the level of government subsidy for green innovation and the proportion of green consumers increase, the government is more willing to subsidize the manufacturer, which can lead to the improvement of environmental and economic benefits along with social welfare. These findings shed light on why the government is keen on subsidizing the manufacturer at the supply chain level.

Stakeholders' involvement in green supply chain: a perspective of blockchain IoT-integrated architecture

PurposeEnvironmental sustainability has become a primary factor for organisations to compete globally. Stakeholders' involvement with necessary commitment at the right stage of supply chain management (SCM) plays a vital role in development of green supply chain. This paper aims to explore the involvement aspect of stakeholders towards greening of the supply chain. The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical success factors for stakeholder involvement in development of green supply chain and develop use cases for managers and practitioners planning to implement recent technologies to support stakeholders' involvement.Design/methodology/approachAfter a thorough literature survey and interviews with experts from industry and academia, the factors for involvement of stakeholders for greening the supply chain were identified. A survey-based research has been used to collect primary data for effective people involvement in development of green supply chain. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method is used for ranking the critical success factors. Effective implementation of success factors using merits of blockchain and internet of things (IoT) technologies are discussed. Use cases are developed for practitioners for using a blockchain IoT-integrated architecture.FindingsThe results show that criterion C21 (cooperation with buyer for green initiatives) is the most important for green supply chain, and criterion C5 (global customers) has least effect on greening the supply chain. Involving stakeholders in the green product design ensures improved efficiency of the supply chain. Merits of technologies like blockchain and IoT may be reaped successfully for incorporating critical success factors to develop green supply chain.Research limitations/implicationsThe research can further be extended by developing the research model with hypothesis and conducting a survey for validation. Automobile industry use cases are considered for this research, and it may be further developed for different industry sectors like process industries, service, etc.Practical implicationsManagers can make use of these 22 critical success factors and capabilities of the blockchain IoT-integrated architecture to successfully involve stakeholders. Practitioners/managers can dramatically change SCM with respect to the response speed, accuracy of decision-making, data acquisition, data storage and data accessibility, transparency, trust-building, opportunity of participation, communication quality, freedom in payment based on blockchain IoT-integrated architecture. Preventing pollution and converting the enterprises into green and sustainable organisations have created lot of concerns worldwide. This research addresses the issue of green initiatives and the role of stakeholders in improving the green status of industry.Originality/valueThough there is research on involving suppliers and customers in the supply chain activities, there is a significant delay in integrating human resource management in the supply chain. This research proposes integration of stakeholders using recent technologies for green supply chain. Use cases developed for the automobile industry gives path to future research in this domain.

Green Supply Chain Management Strategy in the Environment of Electronic Commerce

<p>With the rapid development of science, technology and economy, environmental problems are intensifying globally, which has affected people’s quality of life. In the context of e-commerce, developing an enterprise’s green supply chain has become one of an important means to improve environmental problems. However, there are still deficiencies and room for improvement in green supply chain management (GSCM), such as the inability to effectively integrate technology, the lack of innovation in management, and the inadequacy of relevant laws. In response to these issues, this article proposes relevant improvement strategies and hopes that the future green supply chain development will be helpful.</p>

Pricing strategies and profit coordination under a double echelon green supply chain

The green characteristics of the product will not only attract more environmental consumers, but also affect the cost of the enterprise. In order to investigate equilibrium decisions and profit coordination methods of green supply chain, a set of Stackelberg game models considering different pricing strategies, profit coordination modes and information pattens are constructed and analyzed, in which two competitive retailers purchase a type of green product from a manufacturer who commits to green investment. We discover that the pricing strategy has an evident impact on the profit level of supply chain members but has no effect on the green degree of the product, both the manufacturer and the retailer with higher market potential tend to choose consistent wholesale price, while the retailer with lower market potential prefers inconsistent wholesale price. In addition, the green degree which reflects the product’s environmental protection degree of the manufacturer is positively related to environmental consciousness of customers and negatively correlated with green degree cost coefficient. Furthermore, an improved coordination model based on two-part tariff can not only reach the profit level under the centralized scenario, but also make the retailers benefit from the profit increasing. Finally, an asymmetric information model with uncertain market demand and asymmetric information between retailers is studied. The results show that the equilibrium profits of supply chain members are obviously affected by uncertain demand and asymmetric information. The retailer with information advantage gains more profit than the retailer without information advantage when the demand is uncertain. Those conclusions are conducive to improving the cooperation level of members and promoting the sustainable development of green supply chain.

Optimal Decisions of a Green Supply Chain under the Joint Action of Fairness Preference and Subsidy to the Manufacturer

Government subsidy promotes the development of green supply chain, and the influence of decision-makers’ behavioral preferences becomes increasingly prominent in green supply chain management. In order to further enrich the research content of green supply chain, we first use Stackelberg game theory to construct game models by taking the product green degree, wholesale price and retail price as the decision variables, then we work out the equilibrium strategies of the manufacturer and the retailer under four decision scenarios, and reveal the impact differences between the two parties’ fairness preference behaviors. Our research mainly has the following findings: Firstly, the government subsidy to the manufacturer can benefit these two parties and can have certain impact on the optimal decisions only by working with the green product market expansion efficiency. Secondly, these two parties’ fairness preference behaviors can cause serious damage to the other party’s profit and the overall profit of green supply chain, and increase the rate of their own profit in the overall profit of green supply chain, but the difference is that the retailer’s fairness preference behavior can cause a greater decline in product green degree and wholesale price, and when certain conditions are met, its own profit may rise compared to its fairness neutral, while the manufacturer’s fairness preference behavior can cause a greater damage to the overall profit of green supply chainand make its own profit always be lower than its fairness neutral. Thirdly, the government subsidy to the manufacturer and the fairness preference behaviors of both parties can cause a stack effect on the optimal solutions, which means that the subsidy government provides for the manufacturer can aggravate the negative influence caused by these two parties’ fairness preference behaviors.

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the Green Supply Chain Performance of Fresh Agricultural Products under the Cloud Logistics Model

The development of green supply chain of fresh agricultural products under the cloud logistics model is the demand of the times.This paper constructs four primary evaluation indicators and 19 secondary evaluation indicators. AHP is used to analyze the factors affecting the performance of the supply chain of fresh agricultural products under the cloud logistics model. Finally, the degree of influence of each influencing factor was determined. The analysis results provide a theoretical reference for the steady development of the green supply chain of fresh agricultural products under the cloud logistics model.

Research on cooperation strategy between government and green supply chain based on differential game

Abstract Based on the “three bottom line” and stakeholder theory, the paper considers the relationship and cooperation strategy between the government and the supplier and manufacturer of the green supply chain. By constructing the dynamic differential game model, the paper discusses the differences in the optimal effort level, green degree of product, reputation and the optimal benefit under the three situations of noncooperation, government promotion and collaborative cooperation. The results show that the optimal effort level, green degree of product, reputation and the optimal benefit in collaborative cooperation are obviously higher than the situations of non-cooperation and government promotion, and the cooperation of the three parties can promote the development of green supply chain. Government promotion is better than noncooperation. The government plays an active role in improving the optimal benefit and reputation of green supply chain. Finally, the reliability of the proposed proposition is verified by an example analysis, which provides an important reference for improving the efficiency of green supply chain.