Development Of Ethnic Culture Research Articles

ETHNO-CULTURAL COMPONENT IN MODERN PRIMARY EDUCATION

The aim of the article is to reveal the role of the ethno-cultural component in forming the national consciousness of junior schoolchildren. One of the most important functions of the school at today's stage is the development of the child's personal world through mastering the spiritual and practical experience and culture of humanity, educating a cultured person capable of self-determination and productive creative activity to create a cultural environment. The implementation of the ethno-cultural component of the content of school education, which is provided by the cultural approach, opens up space for students in creative and research activities, their acquisition of key and subject competencies. It has been proven that the task of the teacher and school education is to ensure the transmission and communication of the ethno-cultural traditions of previous generations to the present, support the positive trends of cultural interaction in the conditions of cohabitation of different peoples / nationalities / ethnic groups for the enrichment and development of ethnic cultures as part of the national culture. It is emphasized that the ethnocultural component is an effective means of awakening cognitive activity, independence, bright individuality, aesthetic development of junior schoolchildren, their involvement in the rich treasures of the material and spiritual culture of Ukrainian people through the assimilation of theoretical knowledge and practical participation in multiplying its achievements. It ensures the assimilation of samples and values of national culture, cultural-historical and social experience of one's state, the formation of a sense of belonging and respect for one's native land. The implementation of this component is ensured through the content of the textbooks of the linguistic and literary field of education - "Ukrainian language" and "Reading", where samples of artistic works of ethno-cultural orientation are presented, since Ukrainian studies topics form Ukrainian studies and general cultural competence in primary school students.

Mordva material in Estonian collections and Mordvin (Erzya and Moksha) diasporas in Estonia in the late 20th–early 21st centuries

This article is based mainly on materials collected in the period between 1994 and 2016 from the journal KUDO published by the Estonian Mordvin Society and reflecting the diverse life of the diaspora. We have also analysed recorded biographical data of Erzya and Moksha people residing in the Republic of Estonia and the archival material of the Estonian Mordvin Society. The article reviews the history of the first settlers, their number, formation of cultural societies and their interaction with other organisations, integration into Estonian society, information about the first Estonian expeditions to the places of the Erzya and Moksha as well as cultural and education ties between Estonia and Mordovia. All this reveals the activities of compatriots, trends in population change in this group, mechanisms of preservation of national identity and the role of Mordvin national and cultural non-profit organisations in the preservation and development of ethnic culture in the Republic of Estonia.

ЯЗЫКИ И КУЛЬТУРЫ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ ОСНОВНЫХ ЭТНОСОВ КАЗАХСТАНА ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ КАЗАХСТАНСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ МЕЖЭТНИЧЕСКОГО СОГЛАСИЯ

In sovereign Kazakhstan, a purposeful state policy is being carried out to form a unified Kazakh people on the basis of a single Kazakh identity while preserving linguistic and cultural pluralism. Ethnopolitics strengthens interfaith and interethnic harmony as the basis of national security.The state policy of the development of the Kazakh language, migration and demographic processes have led to the approval of a general trend in the field of the education system for a gradual increase in the number of students and schools with the Kazakh language of instruction. Representatives of large ethnic groups of Kazakhstan also have the opportunity to receive secondary education in their native languages, but the process of reducing national schools is increasing, causing discontent among many ethnic groups. During the ethno-linguistic processes, the formation of a bilingual social and communicative space with the predominance of Kazakh and Russian languages is observed. However, the presence of contradictions in the language sphere, national-linguistic dissatisfaction on the part of non-indigenous ethnic groups remains the main conflict-causing factor in the republic. In the field of media, the Kazakh language has begun to compete with the Russian language, which has a significant political resource, but it is necessary to expand the rights of ethnic minorities to access media broadcasting in their native languages. Great work on the preservation and development of ethnic cultures is carried out by the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan and regional and national cultural centers.

ЯЗЫКИ И КУЛЬТУРЫ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ ОСНОВНЫХ ЭТНОСОВ КАЗАХСТАНА ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ КАЗАХСТАНСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ МЕЖЭТНИЧЕСКОГО СОГЛАСИЯ

In sovereign Kazakhstan, a purposeful state policy is being carried out to form a unified Kazakh people on the basis of a single Kazakh identity while preserving linguistic and cultural pluralism. Ethnopolitics strengthens interfaith and interethnic harmony as the basis of national security. The state policy of the development of the Kazakh language, migration and demographic processes have led to the approval of a general trend in the field of the education system for a gradual increase in the number of students and schools with the Kazakh language of instruction. Representatives of large ethnic groups of Kazakhstan also have the opportunity to receive secondary education in their native languages, but the process of reducing national schools is increasing, causing discontent among many ethnic groups. During the ethno-linguistic processes, the formation of a bilingual social and communicative space with the predominance of Kazakh and Russian languages is observed. However, the presence of contradictions in the language sphere, national-linguistic dissatisfaction on the part of non-indigenous ethnic groups remains the main conflict-causing factor in the republic. In the field of media, the Kazakh language has begun to compete with the Russian language, which has a significant political resource, but it is necessary to expand the rights of ethnic minorities to access media broadcasting in their native languages. Great work on the preservation and development of ethnic cultures is carried out by the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan and regional and national cultural centers.

СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТЬ В СИСТЕМЕ МЕЖЭТНИЧЕСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ В ЮЖНОРОССИЙСКИХ РЕГИОНАХ С РАЗНЫМ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНЫМ СТАТУСОМ

Objective of the study is to determine the influence of social justice on the nature of interethnic relations in the context of the implementation of national policies aimed at integrating a multicultural Russian society in regions with different administrative and political systems (republics, oblasts, territories). The methodological basis of the research is presented by the theory of constructivism as a methodological framework for analyzing the ideas of the population of the regions of the South of Russia about the value foundations of social justice in ethnically marked interactions, assessments of the priority directions of national policy, as well as the semantic and value foundations of the integration of Russian society. The empirical object of the study was the population of the regions of the South of Russia, which were differentiated according to the administrative and political structure: Rostov Region, Krasnodar Territory, Republic of Crimea, Karachay-Cherkess Republic. The subject field of the study included collective ideas about social justice and the expectations of the population in the sphere of regulating interethnic relations and implementing national policy from the standpoint of the principle of justice.   Research results. It is established that the understanding of justice in relation to ethnic groups by the population of the regions of the South of Russia with different administrative status has some differences peculiar for the sphere of public interaction. In particular, in national republics, the understanding of justice in ethnically marked interactions is associated with representation in power and with the prevention of violence and political repression on a national basis, in regions with the status of a region/province - with respect for ethnic groups, as well as with the preservation and development of ethnic cultures. As priorities within the framework of the implementation of national policy in the regions, the tasks of ensuring equality of all people, supporting national languages, coordinating the interests of all social groups and preventing conflicts are highlighted. The ideological foundations of the integration of Russian society as a system of social interactions united by a common goal, common values and shared ideas about the means of exchange and justice are contradictory. The population of the regions of the South of Russia, regardless of the administrative status of the region of residence, is guided equally by two opposite positions, reflecting, on the one hand, the priority of personal social and economic well-being, and on the other, public interest, actualized through the idea of the revival of the country as a great power. Prospects of the study. The results of the study can be used to implement the practices of state national policy, taking into account the peculiarities of perception and attitudes in the sphere of everyday and public interaction of residents in regions with different administrative status. Further research work on this topic is related to the analysis of the reasons for the differentiation of positions and assessments of the population in the studied regions, depending on the socio-demographic and historical status of ethnic groups living in the regions of the South of Russia.

Потенциал этнокультурного туризма в контексте развития практик гостеприимства

The purpose of the study is to research the potential of ethno-cultural tourism in the context of hospitality practices development. The methodological basis of the research is an interdisciplinary approach, within the framework of which the philosophical-cultural and socio-philosophical understanding of the phenomenon of ethno-cultural tourism is carried out in the context of hospitality practices development Research results. Ethnocultural tourism as a factor of preservation and development of ethnic cultures, as well as hospitality practices in the structure of intercultural communications are studied. It is shown that the phenomenon and practices of hospitality play a constitutive role in the formation and development of modern ethno-cultural tourism, which can reactualize the traditional aspects of interaction between representatives of various ethnic groups on the basis of cooperation and dialogue of cultures.   Prospects of the study are associated with further understanding of ethno-cultural tourism problems, its dynamics, evolution, and development prospects.

Representation of Ethnicity in Lexicographic Discourse

In the modern world, which is characterised by migration processes, ethnic and cultural mixing, the interest of representatives of various fields of knowledge to the category of ethnicity, ethnic processes, their historical, cultural, philosophical and linguistic component is growing. In this regard, the work is devoted to studying the dynamics of representations of ethnicity in different types of discursive practices and identifying the specifics of conceptualisation of ethnicity in English-speaking society in the context of ideological, socio-economic and socio-cultural transformations of the second half of the 20th – early 21st century. The relevance of the study is due to the inclusion of the dynamics of language development and change in such areas of modern linguistics as ethnolinguistics, linguocultural studies and discourse analysis, as well as growing interest in the evolution of language, lexical structure of English and changes in the English world picture with the development of ethnic culture, the synthesis of language modifications in the context of global socio-cultural transformations. The following methods were used in the work: definition analysis; comparative analysis; quantitative analysis; analysis-discourse; hypothetical-deductive method; generalisation; systematisation. The research methods used in the article made it possible to substantiate the principles of material selection for studying the dynamics of ethnic representations in English dictionaries; to reveal the concepts of ethnic stereotype and ethnonym-nickname as ways of stereotyping; to characterise the concept of political correctness as relevant for the study of linguistic construction of ethnicity. The dynamics of the representation of ethnicity in the lexicographic discourse on the material of British dictionaries of two times cross-sections (mid-20th century and modern latest edition) in the context of socio-cultural transformations were analysed. The practical value of the work is that the obtained results contribute to a fuller understanding of the English-language picture of the world, deepen scientific ideas about the interaction of ideology, language, culture.

Илья Самуилович Гурвич о политике патернализма в отношении коренных народов Севера

I.S. Gurvich's research on the policy of paternalism in relation to the indigenous peoples of the North is now becoming relevant in the context of the contemporary discussion. Gurvich acknowledged that the Soviet policy of paternalism in the first place gave priority to the public interest. Nonetheless, at the same time, he was convinced that the contemporary principles of public administration were at the same time focused on meeting the needs of the indigenous population of the North and on the harmonious matching of these needs with the interests of the centralized power. It was the consistency of interests and needs of the subject and the object of management that, in his opinion, ensured the effectiveness of the Soviet policy and warranted its consolidated support from the population. Gurvich believed that the modernization of the culture of the indigenous peoples of the North was a reliable means of implementing the equality of all peoples, proclaimed in the country, and believed that achieving this equality was in demand among the indigenous population of the North. The researcher was convinced that the future does not lie in the preservation of traditional aspects of culture, but in the development of ethnic culture in the context of inevitable socio-cultural transformations. Gurvich’s research proves the inevitability and necessity of introducing the indigenous people of the North to the cultural achievements of other peoples, which, without detracting from their ethnic identity, contributes to their socio-cultural integration within both individual regions and the entire country.

Ethnic-Culture Development Through Arts and Leisure Activities

Ethnic-Culture Development Through Arts and Leisure Activities

Public Libraries in Multicultural Environment: Main Directions of Activities

The article highlights the directions of library activities in multicultural environment. The author presents definition of multicultural environment and notes that public libraries become cultural and educational centres. The article considers the main tasks and directions of work of libraries in the multicultural environment. Among the tasks facing the libraries are the following: creation of conditions for intercultural and interconfessional dialogue, education of tolerant thinking among the younger generation, socio-cultural mediation between migrants and the local community, the promotion of social cohesion of Russian society. The main goal of the activities of libraries in multicultural environment is their involvement in the implementation of the state cultural and national policy. Therefore, the libraries consider their main task in preservation and development of ethnic cultures and languages of all peoples living in our country. The most common areas of work of libraries are organization of ethno-cultural mass events, development of multilingual collections, creation of multilingual electronic resources, cooperation with local authorities and government agencies, educational institutions, national and cultural associations and various public organizations, assistance in the process of adaptation of migrants and refugees to the conditions of new social environment, creation of language educational centres in libraries for all members of the local community, participation in sociological research, methodological support of library activities in multicultural environment. Annual analytical reports of public libraries over the last three years demonstrate the significant increase of their activities in multicultural environment. The article presents the results of survey of the Gasprinsky Republican Crimean Tatar Library on the topic: “Do you know the traditions of your people?” The author concludes that the activities of library in multicultural environment contributes to its development as a cultural and educational centre. Cooperation with local authorities, educational institutions, national cultural associations, public organizations testifies to the importance of libraries and their recognition as active participants in the process of social cohesion of Russian society.

MAIN TENDENCIES OF MODERN ETHNOCULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE KUMANDINS OF ALTAI KRAI

The article is devoted to the current trends of ethnic culturtural development of the Kumandin people in Altai Krai. The Kumandins represent an ethnic minority in Altai Krai, they are on the verge of disappearance. For modern science it is important to identify activity forms of traditional culture maintenance employed by small communities that live in alien environment. The author analyzes the measures taken by the regional authorities and the leaders of the Kumandin organizations. As the main direction for preservation and development of ethnic culture of Kumandins, the author studies what the Kumandins do to collect their cultural data, to edit books on their native language and traditional culture, to revive their folklore tradition, traditional clothes production, ritual practices, as well as integration of the Kumandin culture into the sphere of tourism and development of traditional cuisine. It is revealed that modern economic activity of the Kumandins has lost its traditional features. The basis of their life support is made by forms of modern economic activity. Members of modern communities conduct joint economic activity and participate in processes of revival of ethnic culture. Kumandin Public organizations aren't stable; however, they attempt to maintain their traditional culture. Their actions find support from the federal and regional authorities. The brightest manifestations of ethnocultural revival of Kumandins are: holding mass cultural and sporting events and holidays; studying, preservation and teaching the native language; creation of folklore collectives; vigorous exhibition and presentation activity; setting up tourist sites on their territory; development of gastronomic traditions; reconstruction of elements material (clothes, jewelry) and spiritual (national calendar, ceremony Kochokan) cultures.

THE ISLAMIC DIASPORE IN FINLAND: DYNAMICS OF EVOLUTION, THE MUSLIM DIASPORA IN FINLAND: ITS DEVELOPMENT, ETHNIC SELF-ORGANIZATION AND INTEGRATION

In article on the basis of the involvement of a wide range of sources is analyzed the population dynamics of the Muslim in Finland in historical perspective, as the ethno-cultural processes of self-organization and level of integration into the accepting society. It is well-known that the part of the Muslim population in Finland is represented, from the one side, by historical Tatar minority, which has been living in the country since the beginning of the XIX century and, from the other side, by the migrants of the ‘new wave’. The country has established flexible mechanisms of socio-cultural adaptation and integration of migrants. Currently Tatars are fully integrated into Finnish society. The government offers all the facilities for maintenance and development of ethnic cultures.

КАМАЗ 20 ЛЕТ СПУСТЯ

The article presents the results of a sociological study devoted to the language, development of ethnic culture and optimization of inter-ethnic relations in the KamAz work teams (Naberezhnie Chelny) in 1990-s as well as the results of the repeated survey conducted in May-June 2014. Over the recent two decades an environment where people can choose their language in the kindergartens and schools have been formed; however the ethno-cultural needs of young people have been decreased. Polyethnic population of the city supports the activities of the national and cultural centers, public and pre-school institutions with in-depth study of language and culture. The ethno-cultural development of the city and republic in the post-Soviet period led to the improvement of the language skills among the urban population of the titular ethnic group including those who studied in the Russian-language school; however, the bilingualism was not achieved. According to the author, it is caused by objective (no demand for the Tatar language; its low prestige) and subjective reasons; psychological changes in the mind of the Tatars and Russian population should also be taken into consideration.

Strategic measures for an integrated approach to sustainable development in Lijiang City

Lijiang City has undergone rapid economic development, and it is important to evaluate factors that will contribute to future development and how to make that development more sustainable. In this paper, we used ecological footprint (EF) and ecological carrying capacity (ECC) to assess economic development in Lijiang City from 1995 to 2007. The results show that there was a sharp increase in EF and a minor decrease in ECC. The large increase in EF might be caused by rapid economic development, which consumed energy and other resources but did not cause serious observable damage to ECC. In the final analysis, this is because the tourism industry plays a prominent role in economic growth in Lijiang City, and is far more important than the two sectors that have a more severe environmental impact: agriculture and general industry. The economic development of Lijiang City depends mainly on comprehensive development of tourism; cultural resources and ethnic cultures are the critical drivers of tourism development in the city. Vigorously developing integrated tourism, combined with addressing concerns over sustainability and protective development of ethnic cultures, is the best approach to sustainable development of Lijiang City. To assure the success of this approach, we proposed a number of strategic measures, such as payment for both ecological and cultural services.

Ethnicity in the Soviet Union

In the Soviet Union, ethnicity is the major force for change. It is a multiethnic society, where the Russians constitute the ruling majority. The country's political system recognizes the ethnic principle in a federal state structure, but the real power is exercised by a unitary and highly centralized Communist party. The ruling ideology of Marxism-Leninism postulates class-based internation alism as the basis of Soviet national integration. Ethnic antagonisms, inherited from Russia's colonial past, were submerged in the Stalinist period, but growing ethnic self- assertion by non-Russian groups became visible in the sixties and seventies, under the impact of accelerated moderniza tion and other policy decisions, such as the development of ethnic cultures. Quantitative and qualitative hegemony of the Russians has been a major catalyst. New Soviet educated elites are the spokesmen for ethnic interests, which are aggregated within national republics. Ethnic conflict man ifests itself in all spheres of political, social, economic, and cultural life, but is played by systemic "rules of the game." There is no open separatism or ethnic warfare. Ethnic forces press for an evolution toward greater autonomy, but if it is denied, there may be an explosion.