Development Of Entrepreneurship In Poland Research Articles

Rozwój przedsiębiorczości w Polsce w ujęciu międzywojewódzkim

The main purpose of the publication is to assess regional (inter-voivodeship) differences in the development of entrepreneurship in Poland in the light of the proposed set of indicators, calculated on the basis of statistical data collected by Statistics Poland.Bearing in mind the availability of empirical data, it was assumed that the level of entrepreneurship development can be demonstrated by the values of indicators characterizing three basic dimensions of entrepreneurship: propensity to start a business, innovative activity and financial results, including export activity. These dimensions were analyzed in terms of time — from Poland’s accession to the European Union to 2018.During the analyzed period, financial indicators showed particularly dynamic characteristics (especially in the scope of export activity and gross financial result). At the same time, great diversity and a large degree of spatial concentration in terms of these characteristics were maintained. The relation of newly-registered entities to de-registered entities in most voivodships was increasing, which may indicate a growing tendency to start their own business and, indirectly, also to increase the survival of companies on the market.On the other hand, the propensity to invest in innovation in almost all voivodships decreased significantly over the years under study, while the large disproportion in terms of the amount of financial expenditure on innovation activities — the budget for innovation in enterprises — persisted among voivodships. On the other hand, the smallest degree of diversity across voivodships was recorded for the percentage of innovative enterprises and the percentage of enterprises that incurred expenditure on innovation.

INFLUENCE OF POLISH ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION ON NONAGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE OPINION OF ENTREPRENEURS FORM PIOTRKÓW KUJAWSKI COMMUNE – SSELECTED PROBLEMS

The paper presents the results of a survey which was carried out in May and June 2015. The respondents were 50 entrepreneurs randomly selected from the general number of 131 registered and 110 actively operating enterprises in the investigated region. The most important sources of information concerning the EU funds were: The Center of Agricultural Advisory in Minikowo and the Town Office in Piotrków Kujawski. In the opinion of the respondents the conditions for the development of entrepreneurship in Poland has significantly improved after accession to The European Union (68.0%). However, only 12.0% of the respondents have taken advantage of the EU funds available within RDP (Rural Development Plan) for the years 2004-2006 and 2007- 2013. For the majority of respondents, incomes from economic activity remained at the same level as before the integration with the EU (48.0%), whereas 46.0% of the entrepreneurs did notice an increase in their income. According to the respondents the benefits from integration with the European Union include: reduction of prices, duty and taxes (58.0%) and good changes in legislation (36.0%), caused by more consistent policy in relation to small and medium companies as well as better profitability of production (26.0%). A s far as difficulties are concerned, as many as (58.0%) of the respondents observed that a significant growth of competition caused by new economic activities in the close proximity and additional expenditures necessary to adjust to standard required by the European Union (24.0%). The great majority of the respondents (88.0%) did not take part in support programs of the UE, mainly because of their high complexity degree and bureaucracy and required procedures (82.0%).

The Role of the Polish Higher Education System in the Development of Entrepreneurship

Objective : The objective of this paper is to present the perceived impact of entrepreneurship education in Poland from different perspectives (e.g. of national experts and students), especially at the tertiary school level, as well as discussing the role of the higher education system in entrepreneurial development. Research Design & Methods : It was decided to use secondary data from the Eurobarometer survey and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) project. To investigate the situation from the students’ perspective, a small size survey based on a questionnaire was carried out among the students of an entrepreneurship course. Findings: The general opinion about formal entrepreneurship education in Poland is rather poor or average; however, it begins to improve when tertiary level education is taken into consideration. Additionally, the methodological limitations and different modes of sample design make it difficult to measure and ascertain the total impact of the higher education system on entrepreneurial development. Implications & Recommendations: More effort should be made to evaluate the real impact of the educational activities proposed by the academic community on the entrepreneurial behaviour of young people. Contribution & Value Added: The contribution of this work is to propose a more comprehensive framework for studying the role of the higher education system in the development of entrepreneurship in Poland. Article type: research paper Keywords: Entrepreneurship; education; entrepreneurial development; institutional environment; universities JEL codes: Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Undergraduate A22, Graduate A23.

Quantitative Analysis of the Human Resources Development Operational Programme Supporting Start Up of Business Activity in Poland

Abstract The aim of this article is to describe the rules for the use of the European Social Fund and the assistance provided under the Human Capital Operational Programme, in particular to draw attention to one of his priorities - Market open to everyone. One of the possible actions that the priority is to grant to start a business that contributes to the development of entrepreneurship in Poland. This report presents the results of the use of European funds allocated for this purpose and the number of people who benefited from the assistance offered in the different provinces.