Development Of Entrepreneurial Spirit Research Articles

ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION AMONG HIGH SCHOOL YOUTH

Starting from the premise that the development of entrepreneurial spirit is an educational ideal and entrepreneurial skills are key European competencies, this paper aims to assess the entrepreneurial spirit and intention among high school students, as well as the role of pre-university education institutions in shaping their attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions. To achieve the research objectives, a quantitative research method was employed, and the research instrument used was a questionnaire administered to a sample of 147 high school students. The results reveal that, to foster their entrepreneurial spirit and intention, high school students need appropriate support and guidance from schools, universities, and the community in general. By providing a conductive environment and support in developing entrepreneurial skills, optimal conditions can be created for young people to explore their potential and put their ideas into practice.

Entrepreneurship in Conflict Area: Etic Study on Swamp Buffalo Bredeer in South Kalimantan Province

Conflicts that occur in oil palm plantations do not always have a negative impact, but there are also positive sides as driving factors for change. The research aims to analyze the positive impact of conflict on the rise of local entrepreneurs and the supporting factors for building businesses in swamp buffalo farming communities in South Kalimantan Province. The rise of local entrepreneurs in swamp buffalo farmers not only contributed to the turning of the wheels of the rural economy but also contributed to the study of social sciences. The research was conducted by qualitative methods. The research sites are central villages of swamp buffalo farms in South Kalimantan Province, which have been entered by oil palm plantations. Interviews were conducted with farmers, formal and non-formal leaders, wholesaler, members of the police, members of NGOs, and other community members who had similar businesses. There were 84 people. Observations were made on the new business objects of the breeders. Document studies and audio-visual recordings are carried out related to the activities of breeders. Data analysis uses an ethical perspective so that an overview of entrepreneurship carried out by swamp buffalo breeders is obtained from the researcher's point of view. The results showed that there was a positive impact on conflict for swamp buffalo farmers, namely the development of the entrepreneurial spirit. This is shown by the development of natural sources of livelihood other than raising swamp buffalo, which are developed based on natural conditions so that sustainable businesses are formed. The development of entrepreneurial spirit is determined by internal factors, namely trade culture and the habit of managing a business independently; and external in the form of market certainty to accommodate farmers ' products. The conclusion is that swamp buffalo breeders can become local entrepreneurs. The implication is that there is an economic turnover in rural areas.

Perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention among Moroccan university students: A correlational study

The high unemployment rates among Moroccan university graduates and their strong demand for public sector jobs have prompted educational authorities to promote entrepreneurship training in higher education. This study aims to investigate the relationship between four variables related to entrepreneurship (perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship training, entrepreneurial spirit, self-efficacy, and intention) among Moroccan university students, based on their level and field of study. The study surveyed 1113 Moroccan university students from various academic cycles and fields using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25 for univariate and bivariate analysis and SPSS AMOS for multivariate analysis through a structural equation model. The results indicate that the quality and perceived satisfaction of entrepreneurship training significantly influence the development of entrepreneurial spirit and intention among students. Furthermore, the paper makes various recommendations to Moroccan educational authorities and individuals in charge of higher education. These guidelines are intended to boost entrepreneurial spirit and, most crucially, entrepreneurial intent among university students.

Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions: Impact of Culture, Gender, Self-Esteem, and Self-Efficacy on University Students

The main objective of this study is to examine the socio-cultural and individual factors that influence the entrepreneurial intentions among students studying the Public Sector Universities in Sindh Province. In the cultural context, three variables i.e., collectivism, power distance and uncertainty avoidance, one variable in social context i.e., gender-role orientation and two variables in individual context i.e., self-esteem and self-efficacy are used and empirically tested through the SEM model. It was found that all three components of culture have been negatively correlated with entrepreneurial intentions. These results infer that the prevalent family culture in Sindh Province is not supportive of entrepreneurial intention as respondents found strict control of elder family members over their future career choices, depressing and a hurdle in their way to become entrepreneurs. The feminist gender orientation of an individual is found to have a negative effect on the development of entrepreneurial spirit. This stands in support of the dominant notion that masculine gender orientation is required to become a vibrant entrepreneur. Under the masculine approach, an individual prefers to have characteristics like tough, assertive, calculated and pursue material success in life; contrary to the feminist orientation which focuses on being tender, modest and pursuing the relational quality in life. The findings reveal that individuals who carry a high worth for themselves and believe in their abilities to address the challenges of running a business tend to have more entrepreneurial intentions. Lastly, the role of gender as moderator shows that the cultural barriers have a more negative impact on the formation of entrepreneurial intents of female than male students. Based on the findings of this study and informal observations from students during the field, it is recommended that the policymakers should invest in strengthening the entrepreneurial ecosystem, focusing on the provision of entrepreneurial educational infrastructure, building family & culture support structures that can help potential students enhance their self-esteem, self-efficacy and get necessary socio-cultural capital to become successful entrepreneurs.

Проблемные аспекты обучения предпринимательству в зависимости от возрастных особенностей обучаемых

Entrepreneurship education is an urgent and important topic of psychological and pedagogical research nowadays. Entrepreneurs are the most active part of society, developing and modernizing it. The issue of entrepreneurship training has no simple solution, since this occupation is not reduced to a simple description of competencies. The traditional formalized training of entrepreneurs in most cases is based on a formal approach, informing about entrepreneurship, and not learning how to be an entrepreneur. At the same time, studies show that the meaning of teaching entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial spirit is to transfer such knowledge, skills, attitudes and personal characteristics to the extent that it corresponds to the age of participants in training programs. In this case, entrepreneurship training has an expanded understanding. There are three main directions in it: the first is the development of skills and abilities necessary to create an enterprise; the second involves the development of the spirit of entrepreneurship among students; the third involves teaching entrepreneurship in practice. New approaches to entrepreneurship training include the development of the entrepreneurial spirit: personal qualities that contribute to entrepreneurship. These personal qualities can be developed in the training programs for schoolchildren. The analysis of educational approaches for university students shows a certain bias in the field of theoretical knowledge about entrepreneurship and a lack of development of entrepreneurial spirit and practical skills.

Development of Entrepreneurial Spirit and Women Empowerment at Pesantren Griya Khadijah Surabaya through Diversification Training on Fishery Products as Food Commodities with High Nutritional Value

The development of an entrepreneurial spirit can be started even with minimal capital. Fishery products with high nutritional value are one of the opportunities that can be developed by community groups as independent businesses in the context of increasing the economy. Santriwati at the Griya Khadijah Islamic Boarding School Surabaya is a national asset that has great potential, role, and opportunity in influencing the social and economic life of the surrounding community. This community service activity aims to improve the competence of female students at the Griya Khadijah Islamic Boarding School, as a role model for hafidzah-preneur education, to be able to develop an entrepreneurial spirit and reflect women's empowerement with good character.

Country’s Entrepreneurial Environment Predictors for Starting a New Venture—Evidence for Romania

Entrepreneurship has been recognized as a key contributor to the economic development of countries and societal wellbeing. Building and sustaining an adequate entrepreneurial climate challenges—to a high extent—transitional economies world-wide, pushing these countries to develop policies and strategies aimed to sustain high-quality national entrepreneurship. The paper seeks to understand the key determinants of a country’s entrepreneurial environment that drive potential entrepreneurs to assume an entrepreneurial status. It attempts to examine the countries’ entrepreneurial environment factors that influence the development of entrepreneurial spirit and affect the potential entrepreneurs’ decision to start a new venture as a desirable career opportunity. Entrepreneurial spirit is measured by entrepreneurial desirability, feasibility and social stability, taken from the Amway Global Entrepreneurship Report (AGER) 2018 data on national entrepreneurship. The results of the linear regression employed in the paper suggest that, in transitional economies like Romania, clear and stable rules and regulations, manageable taxes, an overall beneficial economic situation, as well as availability and accessibility of technology, may lead to greater entrepreneurial drive and ambition, which is fundamental to sustaining economic growth. The article ends with a discussion about the results and implications of the research.

STRENGTHENING STUDENT SKILLS THROUGH TRAINING IN MAKING MEATBALLS WITH CULLED CHICKEN MEAT

Students as agents of change are required to have a lot of knowledge and skills during their studies. The addition of the ability of the skills of the students should be obtained based on practical activities during the lecture, but is often constrained by the unpreparedness of lab facilities and adequate infrastructure. This has an impact on student mastery of skills is not optimal. Application of science and technology activities aimed to establish a student majoring in animal husbandry skills through training making meatballs with chicken base material salvage. Methods are activities undertaken by: (1) lectures and discussions on potential, prospects and agribusiness agroindusti meatballs, (2) demonstration and coaching of making meatballs, (3) motivated the development of entrepreneurial spirit. The results showed that activities of the training material presented and received positive response from participants was satisfactory considering there has not yet been carried out similar activities. Generally, the participants wanted to adopt the material about making meatballs with chicken base material reject rate. Concluded that the target audience consists of students majoring in animal husbandry are very enthusiastic and active in the manufacture of technical guidance meatballs. In general, trainees wishing to do entrepreneurship by producing meatballs made ​​from chicken meat laying reject rate.

Teaching Factory Learning Has Not Been Effective in Increasing the Entrepreneurial Spirit of Vocational High School Students

The purpose of this study is to determine the role of teaching factory implementation in Vocational High Schools in increasing the entrepreneurial spirit of students. This research used a descriptive qualitative research approach that is case studies; data collection is done by observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews. The results of the study showed that the implementation was carried out following industry standards, the evaluation was carried out during the process and performance of the final good/service. In general teaching, factoring can improve student skills in production, yet the development of entrepreneurial spirit relatively has not improved much. The main inhibiting factor of this learning is related to the lack of understanding of creating student entrepreneurial spirit but it is more focused on improving the student skill on production.

Dinamika Pengambilan Keputusan dan Perkembangan Jiwa Wirausaha pada Mahasiswa

This study aims to describe the dynamics of entrepreneurial decision making and the development of entrepreneurial spirit in students who are self-employed. The researcher used phenomenology to understand the psychological dynamics in students who are self-employed. The results of the study are starting from the subject decision making of entrepreneurship is related to several factors, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors related to the desire to be independent to meet needs, want to help, like challenges and seek freedom. External factors related to family and other people. This research found that an entrepreneur must have a strong commitment and consistency towards his business. An entrepreneur should also have good interpersonal skills, this is important for building relationships. Even so, the entrepreneurial spirit in students still needs to be improved, especially on commitment, consistency, and decision making.

SIKAP MOTIVASI DAN PENGEMBANGAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA POLITEKNIK KRIDATAMA

This study discusses the motivation and development of entrepreneurial spirit Kridatama Polytechnic Bandung students request an understanding of entrepreneurship as a whole. The method used in this study is qualitative data which is presented in the form of words, not in the form of numbers, from this study are students of the third semester of the Entrepreneurship Course at Kridatama Polytechnic Bandung who gathered 98 students. The results of the discussion addressed that the Kridatama Polytechnic Bandung Students did not yet have the confidence needed and the development of entrepreneurial motivation. From the interviews of Kridatama Polytechnic students, they needed a lot of entrepreneurship training, entrepreneurship seminars and Bandung Kridatama Polytechnic students who still needed a lot of information for the development of entrepreneurial spirit. The Kridatama Polytechnic that has been formed comes from the first skills that shape mental attitudes, form superior personalities who are good at initiating and can coordinate their business activities.

CONSTRUCTING ECOTOURISM-BASED BUSINESS COMPETENCY AND ENTREPRENEURAL SPIRIT

Ecotourism is a part of a tourism development as a catalisator of the economy in rural areas in Bali, Indonesia. It is established in rural areas as an effort to improve the quality of life and social identity and to give employment opportunities, income, education and skills, cultural understanding, and to bring the development of entrepreneurial spirit and community welfare. The contribution of income from ecotourism ranges from 15 to 57%, with an average of 12.6% per year. As the title implied, this explorative study with a semantic analysis is done to construct ecotourism-based business competencies and entrepreneural spirit. Primary and secondary data analysis are used through survey and interview. Ecotourism-based business competence can be formed by the community behavior in protecting the natural resources, such as forest as water buffer, entrepreneurship development. The formation of internal competence through the perspective, experience, education, learning by 80% and very dominant influence external competence in the group that can produce human capital. The proportion of internal competence attached to individuals has a very high strength compared to external competencies in ecotourism support services. Internal competence and external competence as the basis of business competence is crucial to the development and sustainability of ecotourism as the basis for developing tourist village. Building an understanding of business competence and entrepreneurial spirit in the development of tourist villages such as ecotourism is expected to have a positive impact to improve the welfare of rural communities

Model of urban poverty alleviation through the development of entrepreneurial spirit and business competence

The rapid increased of urban population can not be controlled by the city government. This will have an impact on the emergence of new poverty in urban areas, due to inadequate of the job opportunities and skills. Government programs for poverty alleviation can reduce some rural poverty, but have not been able to overcome poverty in urban areas. The diversity of urban issues and needs is greater than in rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct the research with the aim to build urban poverty reduction model through the development of entrepreneurship spirit and business competence. This research was conducted by investigation method, and questionnaire. Questionnaires are arranged with rating scale measurements. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested by factor analysis. Model construction is constructed from various informant analyzes and descriptive statistical analysis. The results show that poverty alleviation model is very effective done by developing spirit of entrepreneurship and business competence.

Pengembangan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Santri Melalui Ekonomi Kreatif dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Ekonomi Global (Studi di Pondok Pesantren Bahrul Maghfiroh Kota Malang)

Now, with the enactment of the Asian Economic Community (AEC), competition in improving the quality of human resources is increasing. It presents the consequences for the individual to continue to develop and improve their quality. No exception of human resources who live in boarding schools. Pondok Pesantren community needs to improve the quality to become competitive arena of the world of work. Therefore, coaching is done in schools, should reflect and provide education about the importance of selfreliance, particularly in the financial sector. This study aimed to analyze the economic contribution of the creative for the development of entrepreneurial spirit in the pesantren education system which has been applied entrepreneurship education as a means to train the financial independence of students. By using a phenomenological approach, this qualitative study begins with the collection of data through observation and documentation for later analysis so find some creative economic role towards the development of entrepreneurship in boarding schools. The conclusion from this study is that the creative economy has several important roles in the development of the entrepreneurial spirit in boarding schools. There are: (1). Stimulate creative and innovative behavior on the product / service. (2). Explore and hone the skills (3). Providing knowledge with methods of learning by doing (4). Provide training on the SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat). This study is limited to the analysis of economic contribution of the creative for the development of the entrepreneurial spirit of students in the face of global economic challenges, particularly at boarding school Bahrul Maghfiroh Malang so that it can be applied to other schools.

PERAN EKONOMI KREATIF TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN JIWA ENTREPRENEURSHIP DI LINGKUNGAN PESANTREN

Today, by effectuation of the Asian Economic Community (AEC), the competition will be increas-ing the quality of human resources. It presents a consequence for every individual to constantly develop and improve their quality. No exception to human resources who live in boarding schools. Boarding School community needs to improve its quality to be competitive arena of the world of work. Therefore, coaching that done in a boarding schools, should reflect and provide education about the importance of self-reliance, especially in the financial sector. This study aims to analyze the role of the creative economy to the development of entrepreneurial spirit in a boarding schools education system that has applied entrepreneurship education as a means to train financial independence of the students By using the phenomenological approach, this qualitative research began with the collection of data through observation and documentation for later analysis so found some creative economic role towards developing the spirit of entrepreneurship in boarding schools. The conclusion from this study is that the creative economy has some important role in the deve-lopment of the spirit of entrepreneurship in boarding schools. There are: (1). Stimulate creative and innovative behavior on a product / service. (2). Explore and hone skills (3). Providing knowledge with methods of learning by doing (4). Provide training on the analysis of SWOT (Strength, Weak-ness, Opportunity and Threat). This study is limited to the analysis of the role of the creative economy to the development of entre-preneurship spirit in boarding schools, especially in Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Gontor Putri 1 so that it can’t be generalized to the other boarding schools.

Education Component in Creation of Entrepreneurship Society

Entrepreneurship as a style and way of thinking and working has century’s long history in the human society. Thanks to creative and open-minded people in the past and today, the human societies ensured rapid growth and improved the living standards. Innovative ideas triggered higher level of economic development in the world through new technologies, which has led to improving the quality of life. Unfortunately, not all countries in the world enjoy the same social progress, due to many problems in the areas of economic and political domain, access to natural and human resources, demographic issues, low level of education, etc. The history of economics has shown that in the countries with open market economy, the entrepreneurial spirit is developed on the higher level. The entrepreneurial culture provides many opportunities for implementation of more innovative business ideas, new technical solutions, advanced technologies, new working methods and continued life-long education aimed to improve the life of the society. Creative people and their ideas are crucial for the development and cultivation of the entrepreneurial spirit and culture in every country, which is closely connected to the education level gained through the formal and informal education systems, which depend of the country’s economic development. A good education system plays an important role in creating good economic policies in each country, has influence on the economic development, business performance and the progress of the whole human society. Innovation is a unique path to prosperity and well-being. Therefore, the economic scientists recognize entrepreneurship as a dynamic factor of production, in addition to labor, capital and land. The European Union (EU) recognizes and promotes many strategies and polices that focus on teaching entrepreneurship from early ages, starting within primary and secondary education, and continuing at the university levels. Developing new education curriculum in formal and informal education systems is a priority in the government’s policies of the developed countries. The curriculum might include compulsory courses in entrepreneurship, continuous learning, and tailored courses with specific task to teach people how to be creative and innovative, regardless of their cultural differences and traditions. Universities should play an important role in educating young people how to do business to work and succeed in the global market economy. The universities in many developed countries such as the USA, Japan, and Germany, have opened business centers, supported technological incubators and parks, and established specialized agencies that provide help and support to entrepreneurs. All these activities contribute to the development of the entrepreneurial society, where creative people can easily find their place for business and life. Thus, education is one of the key factors of economic development. The knowledge-based economy is a modern economy that makes the goal of many countries of today’s world. The less developed states should strive towards the modern trends in the education processes as well as business and entrepreneurial behavior, which is the critical factor in the development of economic and social welfare. They should make more efforts to support the business environment through progressive and modern education systems that would facilitate the development of entrepreneurial spirit and culture. Additionally, they should follow the new trends in the global economy that lead to social cohesion and better economic prosperity.

Entrepreneurship and socioeconomic development in Africa: a reality or myth?

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the development of entrepreneurship education and training in Kenya as a strategic approach to addressing the unemployment problem among the school and university graduates in Kenya and Africa in general.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a critical review of the literature method to achieve its purpose and to answer the key research question. The literature search included a computerized search of accessible and available material on entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial spirit, entrepreneurship education and training programs, history of entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship models, Africa and entrepreneurship development.FindingsIt is shown that the development of entrepreneurial spirit and competencies should be a lifelong process. Addressing Africa's socioeconomic development in an entrepreneurial way requires learning successful lessons from within and without Africa. Specific examples of successful use of entrepreneurship to develop micro, small and medium‐sized enterprises in Africa and other parts of the world, especially the USA, are cited in the paper. A case study of using technology to promote entrepreneurship in Africa is provided.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is limited since it is based on a review of the literature. Quantitative and qualitative research studies focusing on entrepreneurship and socioeconomic development in Africa are recommended.Originality/valueThere are limited studies that focus on the issue of entrepreneurship and socioeconomic development in Africa. This paper and the special issue in particular have laid down pioneering ground work for research on entrepreneurship and socioeconomic development in Africa.

Development of Entrepreneurial Spirit among Students: A Case Study

Development of Entrepreneurial Spirit among Students: A Case Study

Knowledge transfer through effective university‐industry interactions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a strategic framework of successful knowledge transfer through the development of university‐industry interactions in China.Design/methodology/approachThe research is designed based on a single case study with qualitative analysis. Data were collected through documentary analysis, semi‐structured interviews and participated observations of the commercialization project within Tsinghua University (China), which is one of the world leading research universities in science and technological innovation.FindingsFour modes of university‐industry interactions during the process of knowledge transfer have been identified, which contribute to the success of knowledge transfer at different stages of university‐industry relations. They are: university‐dependent low sticky interaction; university‐dependent high sticky interaction; mutual‐dependent high sticky interaction; mutual‐dependent low sticky interaction. In addition, the development of entrepreneurial spirit within the university and the implementation of Professors of Practice have also been recognized as vital for building and maintaining effective university‐industry interactions.Originality/valueThe distinctiveness of this paper lies in contributing to the existing theories of knowledge transfer between university and industry by identifying the specific modes of interactions that contribute to the success of knowledge transfer between university and industry. The findings also have important implications for government policy makers, university academics and business practitioners for designing and implementing knowledge‐base innovation strategies and creating sustainable competitive advantages through successful knowledge transfer between university and industry. This may enable policy‐makers to understand the complexity and dynamics involved in the process of technology commercialization and take into account the importance of the institutional arrangement and appropriate incentive system in supporting effective knowledge transfer and commercialization.