Ecosystem Development Research Articles

Spillover Effects of Paid Functions on Physicians' Unpaid Knowledge Activities: Quasi-Experimental Approach.

To promote sustained contributions by physicians to online health care communities, these platforms have introduced a content payment model that offers economic incentives for physicians' online knowledge activities. However, the impact of these paid features on unpaid knowledge activities remains unexplored. This study investigated how the introduction of economic incentives in online medical communities affects physicians' unpaid knowledge activities in the community. The data for this study were obtained from the Haodf Online platform in China, which has implemented paid scenarios for its science popularization function, providing economic benefits to physicians. The dataset, which comprises panel data, includes 7453 physicians who participated in both paid and unpaid knowledge contributions on the website. This study examined the impact of paid knowledge activities on physicians' free knowledge contributions, focusing on dimensions including knowledge quantity, quality, and diversity. To address the timing discrepancies in physicians' participation in paid activities, we used a quasi-experimental design that combined the approach of propensity score matching and multi-period difference in differences. In the balance test results of the propensity score matching, the absolute values of the SDs of all matching variables were mostly <5% after matching, ensuring the accuracy of the results obtained from the difference in differences method. This study found that participation in paid knowledge activities had a positive spillover effect on physicians' free knowledge contributions, which manifested in the increase in post quantity (473.1%; P<.001), article length (108%; P=.009), function word frequency (0.6%; P=.001), causal word frequency (0.2%; P<.001), and content information entropy (6.6%; P=.006). The paid function led to a decrease in the consistency between titles and content (-115.5%; P<.001). The findings of this study contribute to the existing literature on the impact of economic incentives in the medical context. For the platform, providing economic incentives to physicians can have positive significance in promoting the development of the platform's knowledge ecosystem and can effectively encourage physicians to contribute to both paid and free knowledge activities. This study provides a valuable reference for the platform to introduce a paid knowledge model, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of the platform.

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Grassland Vegetation Coverage in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau from 2000 to 2023 Based on MODIS Data

Changes in grassland fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) are important indicators of global climate change. Due to the unique characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau ecosystem, variations in grassland coverage are crucial to its ecological stability. This study utilizes the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to retrieve long-term MODIS data and analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of grassland FVC across the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) over 24 years (2000–2023). The grassland growth index (GI) is used to evaluate the annual grassland growth at the pixel level. GI is an important indicator for measuring grassland growth status, which can effectively measure the changes in grassland growth in each year relative to the base year. FVC trends are monitored using Sen-Mann-Kendall slope estimation, the coefficient of variation, and the Hurst exponent. Geographic detectors and partial correlation analysis are then applied to explore the contribution rates of key driving factors to FVC. The results show: (1) From 2000 to 2023, FVC exhibited an overall upward trend, with an annual growth rate of 0.0881%. The distribution of FVC on the QTP follows a pattern of higher values in the east and lower values in the west; (2) Over the past 24 years, 54.05% of the total grassland area has shown a significant increase, 23.88% has remained stable, and only a small portion has shown a significant decrease. The overall trend is expected to continue with minimal variability, covering 82.36% of the total grassland area. The overall grassland GI suggests a balanced state of growth; (3) precipitation (Pre) and soil moisture (SM) are the main single factors affecting FVC changes in grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau (q = 0.59 and 0.46). In the interaction detection, in addition to the highest interaction between Pre and other factors, the interaction between SM and other factors also showed a significant impact on the changes in FVC of the QTP grassland; partial correlation analysis of hydrothermal factors and FVC of the QTP grassland. It shows that precipitation has a stronger correlation with QTP grassland FVC changes than temperature. This study has enhanced our understanding of grassland vegetation change and its driving factors on the QTP and quantitatively described the relationship between vegetation change and driving factors, which is of great significance for maintaining the sustainable development of grassland ecosystems.

Effect of Loan Disbursement, Non-Performing Loan (NPL) and Current Account-Saving Account (CASA) Ratio on The Profitability of Digital Bank Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange

Technological advances have brought updates to business processes and banking services in Indonesia, namely the birth of banks that provide digital-based services to customers or called Digital Banks. The development of this digital banking ecosystem is supported by the economic conditions that have recovered after COVID pandemic ended. Digital transformation has certainly encouraged the emergence of several Digital Banks that have become Game Changers in the financial services business by offering convenience in digital products and services. A number of Digital Banks have succeeded in becoming public companies, recording credit growth, managing the non-performing loan ratio, increasing the growth of third-party funds, especially for online savings products through the digital banking products offered, and increasing the profitability ratio. Objective of this research is to determine the effect of Loan disbursement, NPL and CASA (Current Account-Saving Account) Ratio on the Profitability of Digital Bank that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2024 research year. The population data used is go-public Digital Bank and the sample is Digital Banks that are included in the Bank Group category based on Core Capital 1 and 2. Secondary data that used in this research are quarterly and annual bank report which are available on websites of Indonesian Stock Exchange and Financial Services Authority.

A Review of Studies on the Effects of Anthropogenic Disturbances on Plant–Soil–Microorganism Interactions in Grassland Ecosystems: Based on Grazing and Tourism Perspectives

As the most widely distributed and largest terrestrial ecosystem in the world, grasslands play an important role in supporting global livestock production and maintaining ecosystem services. In light of the accelerated global socio-economic development and sustained population growth, grassland ecosystems are increasingly subjected to anthropogenic disturbances. However, there is a paucity of research examining the impact of such disturbances on plant–soil–microorganism interactions in grassland systems, particularly from the perspectives of grazing and tourism. Accordingly, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on grassland ecosystems over the past two decades, employing a dual perspective of grazing and tourism and utilizing econometric analysis of the existing literature through software such as CiteSpace. The results of this study demonstrate the following: (1) The current research focus is primarily concentrated in the fields of ecology and environmental sciences, particularly on the topics of plant diversity, abundance, and diversity, as well as the intensity of grazing. These areas may represent key development direction of future research. (2) The impact of anthropogenic disturbances on grassland ecosystems is primarily associated with grazing activities. Moderate grazing disturbances can facilitate the healthy development of grassland ecosystems. However, the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH) may not fully account for the effects of grazing intensity on grassland ecology. At present, there is still a paucity of systematic research to determine the ecological indicators of grassland under a dual-disturbance scenario. It is recommended that future research be carried out to investigate the compound effects of trampling by tourism activities on plant–soil–microorganism interactions in grassland ecosystems. (3) The mutual feedback mechanism may represent a potential mechanism by which anthropogenic disturbances affect the coupled relationship between the plant, soil, and microbial systems in grassland ecosystems. Furthermore, the interaction among these three systems has the potential to exert direct or indirect impacts on the structure and function of grassland ecosystems in the context of disturbances. The present study aims to provide an overview of the structure and function of grassland ecosystems under anthropogenic disturbances. The objective is to identify a balance between the rational use of grassland and ecological protection under anthropogenic disturbance and to provide scientific reference for the sustainable use of grassland worldwide.

Unveiling Sustainable Co-Creation Patterns in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems of Shanghai’s High-Density Urban Communities

Communities in China’s high-density cities, like Shanghai, are evolving from traditional residential roles into vibrant centers of entrepreneurial innovation. This research delves into the development of community-supported entrepreneurial ecosystems (CSEEs) in the city, with a specific focus on the sustainable co-creation mechanisms facilitated by stakeholders, explored through a comparative study framework. By utilizing Kelly’s Repertory Grid Technique, 14 essential elements of co-creation are identified, which form the framework for classifying the cases into three distinct types. This study employs in-depth interviews and content analysis to analyze and contrast how these co-creation patterns are applied across cases representing each type. The results show that key factors, such as resource origins, the interaction between CSEEs and embedded communities, and participant selection strategies, significantly shape the variations in value co-creation mechanisms, processes, and outcomes. Recognizing the variety of co-creation models is crucial for enhancing both the vitality and efficiency of Shanghai’s CSEEs. Furthermore, this study offers valuable insights into managing co-creation efforts and predicting risks in similar contexts, contributing to the sustainable regeneration of urban areas through community-driven entrepreneurship and innovation.

A STEAM Learning Ecosystem on Gamification System to Promote Innovators

This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate a STEAM Learning Ecosystem on Gamification System to Promote Innovators. The research was conducted in three phases: (1) synthesis, (2) development of the learning ecosystem, and (3) expert evaluation. The resulting ecosystem comprises three main elements: (1) STEAM Learning Ecosystem (Instructor, Learner, Investigate, Discover, Create, and Reflect), (2) Gamification Process (Goals, Rules, Reinforcement, Time Feedback, Competition/Cooperation, and Feedback), and (3) Innovation Skills (Creativity, Imagination, Inventiveness, Idea Generation, Novel Approaches and Problem-Solving). Nine experts evaluated the ecosystem&amp;#39;s suitability using a questionnaire. The results showed the highest level of suitability (mean&amp;plusmn;SD=4.60&amp;plusmn;0.49) across five aspects: objectives, design principles, elements, learning process, and ease of understanding. This research contributes to STEAM education by providing a comprehensive framework integrating gamification strategies to foster innovation skills. The proposed ecosystem offers a structured approach for educators to design engaging and effective STEAM learning experiences that promote innovative thinking. Further research could explore this ecosystem&amp;#39;s practical implementation and impact in various educational settings.

Mapping the evolution of campus startup ecosystem: a 25-year bibliometric review (1998–2023)

Mapping the evolution of campus startup ecosystem: a 25-year bibliometric review (1998–2023)

Entrepreneurial ecosystems and start-up success in the tech industry in Silicon Valley

This study aims to identify the determinants of start-up success in Silicon Valley, with the objective of offering practical recommendations and informing policy decisions that can facilitate the development of prosperous technology ecosystems in other regions. The study provides significant and informative perspectives for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and other relevant stakeholders in different locations who are seeking to emulate certain elements of Silicon Valley's achievements. This research employs a mixed-method study strategy that integrates both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. This architecture is well-suited for extensively investigating the complex nature of entrepreneurial ecosystems, the interplay of many elements, and the impact on start-up success. The sustained achievement of Silicon Valley can be ascribed to a confluence of elements, encompassing the availability of venture capital, mentorship networks, esteemed academic institutions, a risk-embracing and innovative culture, and a tightly-knit social network that fosters collaborative endeavors. These research findings highlight the crucial significance that these elements hold in establishing Silicon Valley as a prominent global technology cluster. The demonstration of alignment with theoretical models serves to illustrate the practicality of pre-existing frameworks, yet the unique characteristics of the region emphasize the significance of acknowledging the specific context and culture in the analysis of ecosystems.

Plant litter crust enhances nitrogen accumulation by regulating microbial diversity and urease activity in semi-arid sandy soils

Plant litter plays a crucial role in regulating soil nitrogen (N) cycling in dryland ecosystems. However, the mechanisms by which plant litter crust drives microbial community composition to influence N levels in sandy soils remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of litter crust on sandy soil microhabitat characteristics (temperature, moisture, and porosity), microbial diversity and composition, urease activity, and soil N variables (total-N, nitrate-N, and ammonium-N) across different stages of litter crust development (including early-, mid-, and post-term) in a field setting. We found that litter crust promotes bacterial and fungal alpha diversity in sandy soils, leading to a shift in bacterial community composition from oligotrophs (i.e., Actinobacteria) to copiotrophs (i.e., Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes), and a shift in fungal community composition dominance from Ascomycota to Basidiomycota. Litter crust enhances the complexity and stability of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks in sandy soils, especially in early- and mid-term stages of crust development. Additionally, litter crust increases nitrification (aerobic ammonia oxidation) and decreases denitrification (nitrate reduction) in these soils. Notably, the increase in soil moisture and urease activity, along with the decrease in soil temperature due to litter crust, effectively promotes N accumulation in sandy soils. Our results demonstrate that N levels during the litter crust period are mainly influenced by a combination of bacterial beta diversity and fungal alpha diversity at the 0–5 cm depth, and bacterial alpha diversity along with soil properties (i.e., soil variables and urease activity) at the 5–10 cm depth. Overall, our results reveal that litter crust contributes to N accumulation in sandy soils by regulating bacterial and fungal community composition and diversity, as well as by buffering soil temperature and soil moisture, and enhancing urease activity. These findings provide new insights into the critical role of soil microbes in maintaining N functions during litter crust development in semi-arid sandy ecosystems.

A Model for the Development of Entrepreneurship Ecosystem and Technology Integration

In this writing, a model for the development of entrepreneurship ecosystems in school communities, which is based on four pillars, is proposed. These four pillars are Empowerment, Action, Visibility and Sustainability. The model proposes to begin with an understanding of the school community’s environment and its context to be able to personalize its approach and make way for effective entrepreneurial initiatives. Then, the mentioned four pillars are developed. The empowerment aspect recognizes the importance of instructing educators and students with the necessary knowledge and tools for the development of an entrepreneurial mentality and innovation skills. This gives way for action, guiding the participants to develop entrepreneurial initiatives. Visibility highlights the importance of divulging project accomplishments through different channels to obtain support, attract resources, and improve the community’s esteem. Finally, sustainability reinforces the framework of the model, which goes further than economic sustainability.

MOSQUE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND HALAL ECONOMY ECOSYSTEM: AN ANALYSIS OF MUHAMMADIYAH MOSQUES IN SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA

This research aims to analyze the financial management of Masjid Muhammadiyah in South Sulawesi Province, with a focus on the effective and efficient utilization of financial resources for Halal economic ecosystem development. The mosque plays a crucial role in the Muslim community, and sound financial management is essential for maintaining its operational sustainability and facilitating various beneficial programs and activities for the faithful. Qualitative research methodology with a case study approach was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 80 mosques Muhammadiyah in South Sulawesi and FGD with mosque administrators, financial managers, and congregants involved in the financial management of the mosque. Additionally, relevant documents such as financial reports, budgets, and financial policies were analyzed. The findings reveal that Muhammadiyah mosques in South Sulawesi province possess several strengths in their financial management. These include a commitment from mosque administrators to financial transparency and accountability, as well as the implementation of a robust accounting system. However, several challenges were identified, such as a lack of trained personnel in financial management and the need for income diversification. To address these challenges, strategic steps are recommended. First, enhancing the understanding and capacity of mosque administrators in financial management through training and education programs is crucial. Second, diversifying income sources through the development of creative and sustainable fundraising initiatives is essential. Third, leveraging information technology in financial management to achieve better efficiency and effectiveness is recommended.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on e-learning adoption in an emerging market: a longitudinal study using the UTAUT model

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic provided unprecedented impetus to the evolution of the e-learning learning ecosystem by compelling students to adopt e-learning systems. This paper aims to use the UTAUT model to provide insight into the differences in factors influencing the adoption of e-learning systems before and after the pandemic. Design/methodology/approach This longitudinal study uses two surveys conducted among graduate students in the city of Bengaluru in India. One prior to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and a second in its aftermath. PLS-SEM is used to analyze both data sets to draw insights into the constructs that influence Behavioral intention to adopt e-learning systems. The moderating effect of gender is also analyzed. Findings Pre COVID-19, Facilitating Conditions, Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy (quadratic behavior) were dominant factors influencing the adoption of e-learning technologies. Post pandemic, Performance Expectancy and Social Influence are drivers of e-learning adoption. Effort Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions grouped as Ease of Use is a significant driver of e-learning adoption post pandemic. Gender is found to not have a moderating influence. Originality/value The unique longitudinal study of the differences in factors influencing students’ intention to adopt e-learning pre- and post-COVID-19 can prove useful to policy makers in the higher education sector. Academics can use the post-pandemic e-learning model’s findings in multiple contexts such as generational cohorts, educational contexts and social contexts.

Estimation of carbon stock and economic value of Sanjiangyuan National Park, China

Sanjiangyuan National Park (SNP) is one of China’s national parks with high ecological significance and ecological vulnerability. In order to promote the healthy development of national park ecosystems, it is extremely important to investigate the carbon sequestration potential and the economic value of carbon sequestration in the SNP. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of land use change from 1985 to 2022 based on the land use transfer matrix and land use dynamic degree, calculated the ecosystem carbon storage based on the InVEST model, and estimated the economic value of carbon storage in each period combined with compound interest present value method. The results show that: (1) From 1985 to 2022, carbon stocks generally went through three phases: increasing, stabilizing, and decreasing. (2) Low carbon density areas were concentrated in the Kekexili Natural Reserve in the Yangtze River Source Park and a small part of the Yellow River Source Park and Lancang River Source Park; The high carbon density area was concentrated in the water area and the forest land in the southeast of the Lancang River Source Park. (3) Land use change in SNP had a decisive impact on carbon storage change, and the economic value of carbon storage in SNP continued to increase from 1985 to 2022. In order to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of carbon sinks and the reduction of carbon emissions in the SNP area, it is necessary to further study the carbon cycle process, carbon storage and carbon emissions in the region in the future.

Exploring the factors influencing the carbon sink function of coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta

Understanding the mechanisms of the coastal wetland ecosystem carbon sink function is crucial for adapting to, mitigating, and predicting global climate change. Landscape metrics and Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) model were used to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) and vegetation carbon sequestration (VCS) in the Yellow River Delta (YRD). GeoDetector model was used to explore the effects of various factors influencing VCS. The results showed that: (1) From 1999 to 2020, the area of natural wetlands and non-wetlands decreased, while the area of artificial wetlands increased. (2) The SOC stock in the 0 ~ 100 cm depth in 1999 and 2020 were about 7.8871 Tg C and 7.0521 Tg C, respectively. The amount of VCS increased from 0.2309 Tg C in 2000 to 0.3681 Tg C in 2020, with a significant annual increase of 6532 Mg C. In the past 21 years, the total carbon sink in the YRD was 6.0952 Tg C. The amount of VCS was equivalent to 2.93% of SOC stock in 1999, rising to 5.22% by 2020. (3) Vegetation cover has the greatest influence on the carbon sink function in the YRD, followed by precipitation and biodiversity. From 2000 to 2020, the effect of biodiversity on the carbon sinks of natural wetlands and artificial wetlands increased. The synergistic effect of wetland type and vegetation cover on carbon sink effect was replaced by the synergistic effect of biodiversity and vegetation cover. The identification of the primary factors that influence VCS in the YRD is significant to the understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon sink effect in coastal wetland ecosystems, and to the guidance of the rational development and protection of coastal wetlands and promote sustainable ecosystem development.

The effects of surface heterogeneity on erosion and sedimentation and their implications for of soil properties at postmining sites

Erosion is often mentioned as a serious problem namely in vegetation free areas such as post mining soils. Much less attention has been paid to the role of erosion and deposition on habitat formation. Study describes the effect of erosion and deposition on soil chemical and physical properties in sites with various topography using an array of artificial postmining catchments located near Sokolov (Czech Republic). All the study sites are formed by the deposition of postmining overburden consisting of clays impregnated with carbonates. Falcon was established in 2019 and allows a detailed assessment of the first stages of ecosystem development. It consists of four parallel catchments (0.25 ha each); two are rehabilitated, and two are not. The reclaimed areas are leveled and planted with alders, whereas the unreclaimed sites created longitudinal terrain waves to mimic the situation after heaping. Detailed surface change studies by means of erosion pins and 3D terrain models created with the help of drones revealed that the surface elevation rises in the flat catchments and decreased in the wave-like catchments. In contrast, sediment loss through surface runoff shows no difference between the flat and wave-like areas. Considerable heterogeneity in the erosion process is observed in wave-like areas; the upper part of the terrain waves is heavily eroded, while eroded material accumulates in the depression. The depressions contain more silt and clay material and have higher water retention rates and lower infiltration rates, whereas the opposite is true for elevated wave tops. Study show that erosion and deposition play key role in microhabitat formation, which can be crucial in future ecosystem development.

Implementation of Collaborative Governance in Managing BRIN's Research and Innovation Funding to Promote the Strengthening of Indonesia's Research Ecosystem

The study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of the funding scheme for research and innovation, as well as the involvement of stakeholders in the collaborative development of the research ecosystem and innovation. The study uses Ansell and Gash's collaborative governance theory, identifying stakeholders and analyzing stakeholder roles based on power and interests. (interest). The study employs descriptive research methods and qualitative data collection techniques. Data acquisition entails interviews, observations, and documentation from informants who are knowledgeable about these research issues. The findings demonstrate the fulfillment of Ansell and Gash's collaborative elements. Stakeholders in the research and innovation funding program consist of primary stakeholders, key stakeholders, and secondary stakeholders. The management of research and innovation funding involves a mapping of stakeholders, each with their own unique influences and interests. Stakeholders in the research and innovation funding program consist of primary stakeholders, key stakeholders, and secondary stakeholders. Key players include the Deputy for Research Facilitation and Innovation and the Deputy for Utilization Research and Innovation. Subjects that receive research and innovation funding are the Center for Research Collaboration and startups. Researchers from universities and research organizations wield significant influence as contest setters. The crowd includes the Deputy for Infrastructure Research and Innovation, the Directorate of Talent Management, the Inspectorate, and industry and company partners.

Assessing Higher Education Institutions' Readiness for Startup Development in the Philippines: Policies, Challenges, and Recommendations

Objective: This research intends to identify and overcome obstacles in establishing spin-off companies in Philippine public colleges. The goal is to provide policies and guidelines to create a supportive environment for successful spin-off formation. Theoretical Framework: This study's theoretical framework is based on literature related to spin-off formation, innovation ecosystems, entrepreneurial culture, intellectual property management, industrial cooperation, and policy development. It combines international best practices and tailors them to fit the specific circumstances in the Philippines to provide a thorough insight into the issues and possible remedies. Method: This study used a case study research design, including a literature review, interviews with important stakeholders, and surveys done at Philippine state colleges. The literature analysis provides a theoretical basis, while interviews and surveys give insights into the obstacles encountered by academics and stakeholders engaged in spin-off generation. Results and Discussion: The challenges identified in spin-off company establishment encompass limited funding resources, complex regulatory procedures, insufficient entrepreneurial culture, inadequate industry collaboration, intellectual property management intricacies, and a lack of business expertise among researchers. Leveraging a meta-synthesis approach, this study derives strategies to address these challenges, involving intellectual property management reforms, entrepreneurial culture cultivation, enhanced industry collaboration, seed funding and incubation support, streamlined regulatory procedures, and continuous monitoring and evaluation. Research Implications: The proposed policy and guidelines outline actionable measures that underscore the significance of intellectual property protection, entrepreneurship education, industry engagement, financial support, regulatory facilitation, and robust evaluation mechanisms. By melding international insights with local imperatives, this research contributes to the dynamic evolution of the spin-off ecosystem in Philippine state universities. This endeavor not only paves the way for vibrant academic-industry partnerships but also amplifies the impact of research outcomes, propelling the nation towards a future characterized by innovation-led prosperity. Originality/Value: This research adds value by offering a comprehensive analysis of challenges in spin-off creation within Philippine state universities and proposing tailored policy and guidelines to address these challenges. By synthesizing global best practices and adapting them to local needs, this study contributes to the enhancement of the spin-off ecosystem, fostering innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth in the Philippines.

Business Ecosystems in Terms of Creating Interactions and Communications

The article is devoted to the creation and evolution of ecosystems, the peculiarities of their functioning, the control and communications management. The main characteristics of ecosystems are considered as: modularity, network structure, different types of partnership and competition, complementarity, interdependence, self-regulation, joint value creation, coevolution, etc. Integrated communications create the most optimal conditions for ecosystems’ functioning, ensure the consistency of participants’ interactions, introduce a common culture, rules, basic values, ethics and communication style, which increases motivation and favourably affects the overall image. According to the authors, in the context of decentralised management, the role of compliance control for assessing and preventing compliance risks, as well as the requirements for the organisation of monitoring, is increasing.The relevance of the study is related to the rapid evolution of ecosystems and their importance for the economy, as well as difficulties in understanding the process of their creation and functioning on the background of the lack of scientific research on the organisation of integrated communications.The purpose of the article is to study the modern ecosystem management using the analysis of scientific papers, comparison, generalization, analogies, systematic and logical analysis.The scientific novelty is in the author’s interpretation of the peculiarities of ecosystem functioning.The practical significance of the work is in the possibility of its use in the creation and improvement of ecosystems within the framework of sustainable innovative development.

Invasion of Pine Wilt Disease: A threat to forest carbon storage in China

China’s forests, which balance atmospheric carbon (C) levels through photosynthesis, play a crucial role in combating global climate change. The emergence of Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), has challenged the stability of these forests, leading to significant tree mortality and disrupting the original ecological balance. However, the impact of PWD on carbon storage and recovery in Chinese forests remains unclear. In this study, we integrated multiple data sources, including forest surveys, remote sensing, and meteorological observations, and applied a method of finely partitioning the resistance of host pine trees across China. Using the MaxEnt model, a live carbon risk model, and a C recovery REGIME model that incorporates disturbance mechanisms, we predicted the forest C risk loss caused by the comprehensive invasion of PWD and assessed the C recovery time for affected forests. We estimate that the total risk of C loss due to PWD invasion under current climate conditions in Chinese forests is 483.23 Tg C, with an average C recovery time of 13.95 years. The main risk areas for PWD are concentrated in the southern coastal regions of China and adjacent provinces, presenting a risk spillover pattern that radiates from focal areas outward. The six provinces with the highest forest risk degree (risk C/total regional C) are, in order, Fujian (13.69%), Zhejiang (9.42%), Hunan (7.49%), Guangxi (7.40%), Jiangxi (7.35%), and Guangdong (7.05%). Our findings indicate that the severe consequences of PWD invasion have transformed affected forests from C sinks to sources. This underscores the urgency of implementing effective measures to block its introduction and spread, thereby promoting the recovery and sustainable development of forest ecosystems.

Creating Industrial Ecosystems as a Tool for Anti-Crisis Management

In the current economic climate, the Russian industrial sector needs significant structural reform to facilitate its transition to a new, more advanced technological level. To achieve this goal, it is recommended to introduce new management tools, one of which is the establishment of industrial ecosystems.The purpose of the article is to prove that industrial ecosystems have a positive effect on the sustainable development of the Russian economy, especially during economic crises.The subject of the study includes industrial ecosystems as a crucial tool for managing economic crises. It also explores the historical context of industrial collaboration and the formation of clusters during economic downturns. This paper explores two industries that have been significantly affected by recent economic crises: pharmaceutical and automobile manufacturing. It is shown that during times of crisis, some industries develop characteristics similar to ecosystems. The authors propose a method for analysing and evaluating the performance of industrial ecosystems.The theoretical and practical significance of the study of this study lies in identifying the key factors that contribute to the development of effective industrial ecosystems. Furthermore, it aims to develop a trustworthy tool for evaluating their influence on socio-economic processes. The establishment of industrial symbioses is seen not only as a way to overcome economic crises but also as the foundation for the strategic long-term development of the Russian economy.