Development Of Economic Space Research Articles

Development of economic space of regions as a condition for rapid recovery of the economy of Ukraine in the post-war period

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the most appropriate directions for the development of economic space of the regions of Ukraine, the implementation of which in practice will speed up the processes of recovery of the country's economy in the post-war period. The choice of the selected research topic for Ukraine is not accidental, since over the past ten years the country has experienced many transformative deformations, most of which are related to aggressive behavior of a neighboring country. As a result, economic space of most regions of the country is in a rather difficult state today. Fundamental changes are needed, which should be introduced both today and in the post-war period. In order to orient the regions in terms of how to organize a successful process of socio-economic revitalization of the territory, it is important to rely on experience. In order to specify possible directions of revitalization of economic space of the country's regions, the work has analyzed the latest publications of scientists on this topic, published in publications included in the Scopus scientometric database. The purpose of the study is to essentially specify the process of the development of economic space of the region and determine the directions of successful implementation of this process in practice. The components of economic space of the country's regions are the object of research in the work. The task of research is to find directions for the activation of each component of economic space of regions in order to achieve noticeable development trends and obtain a platform for socio-economic recovery of the regions of Ukraine in the post-war period. The works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to the study of various aspects of ensuring the development of economic space of the region, methods of scientific knowledge (monographic analysis, systematization, trend analysis, visualization method) and information processing tools (public web application of Google Corporation, Wordart tool) are methodological basis of the study. Based on the results of the research, key directions of movement, the implementation of which will allow to activate the processes of development of the components of economic space of the country's regions, have been established. The scope of application of research results is related to the activities of regional authorities, the leadership of territorial communities, business entities of all types of economic activity, and educational and scientific institutions. The results of the study are the following: 1) substantiation of nine main components of economic space of the country's regions, which include business environment, infrastructural support, human capital, natural resource potential, financial potential, educational and scientific potential, cultural heritage, institutional environment and foreign economic potential; 2) systematization and processing of the latest scientific research on a selected topic, published in publications included in the Scopus scientometric database, which makes it possible to group information and highlight the vectors of spatial development implemented by foreign countries and specify the problems that are observed at the same time; 3) visualization of established vectors using "word cloud" tools and Google trends; 4) substantiation of vectors of resilience of the post-war recovery of economic space of the regions of Ukraine, which include equal infrastructural development of urban and rural areas, development of ecological systems of the region, investment in innovative development of the territory, comprehensive development of talents, architectonics of rural and urban spaces, energy efficiency of production processes and everyday life, encouragement of Ukrainian military migrants to return to Ukraine

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMIC SPACE OF THE REGIONS

The purpose of the article is to summarize and present the differences between the regions of Ukraine on the level of development of the regional economic space from 2010 to 2020. The clustering of the regions is performed on the basis of the author's methodical approach to assessing the level of development of the economic space of the regions. Methodology. The methodological approach consists of five consecutive stages of assessing the state of the regional economic space on the basis of official statistical data. The k-means algorithm is used to cluster the regions. The implementation of the proposed methodological approach is carried out on the basis of statistical data of the regions of Ukraine for the period 2010-2020. Comparison of the array of statistical data for the period 2010-2020 for the regions of Ukraine is carried out by regions and territories for which statistical data are available. Due to the Russian invasion in 2014, there is no statistical information about the temporarily occupied territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol and part of the temporarily occupied territories in Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The results of the study showed that the regions of Ukraine are divided into six separate clusters, depending on the level of development of the regional economic space, in particular, the intensity of processes in the economic space. Most regions of Ukraine change the cluster only once during the period 2010-2020. At the same time, for example, Donetsk region changed its position in the clusters six times during this period. Regions of Ukraine in 2010-2014 formed three clusters with more than three regions, then three years later there were two clusters with more than 5 regions, indicating a redistribution of regions between clusters. Practical implications. The division of regions into clusters allows to unify regional development policy in the context of regions with similar characteristics and at the same time does not imply the use of a single template for the development of all regions. The grouping of regions by groups of indicators allows to distinguish stable entities (such as Lviv, Odessa and Kharkiv regions), slowly changing regions (with processes of development or regression) and unstable regions (such as Donetsk). For each group it is necessary to develop a separate regional policy, depending on the characteristics of the cluster. The implementation of the developed methodology will improve the classification of Ukrainian regions by groups of indicators of regional economic space development for further improvement and unification of regional development policy. Value/originality. The proposed methodology provides an assessment on the basis of 67 indicators characterizing the level of development of the regional economic space and forming six groups of indicators, determining for the economic space intensity of economic processes; transparency; intensity of demographic processes; labor market functioning; business diversification; ecology and infrastructure condition.

Forming a polycentric ecosystem to bring together of Russian and foreign stakeholders to develop of Far Eastern regions

In this paper, we investigated the joint efforts of Russian and foreign stakeholders to develop the regions of the Russian Far East. The competitive advantages of Russia’s border regions have been identified. Ways of enhancing competitive advantages are considered. The shortcomings of state support for regional development due to insufficient inter-sectoral and inter-regional coordination are noted. This study proposes an ecosystem approach as a mechanism to address this shortcoming. A polycentric ecosystem is a mechanism for equitable stakeholder integration. The hypothesis of this study is that economic and non-economic stakeholder interests, that are involved in launching and implementing projects as part of a development strategy underpin economic space development. We have considered how the barrier and contact functions of borders affect regional development. It has been shown that the methodology for studying stakeholder engagement in the region’s ecosystem is based on a quantitative-qualitative approach and identifies the benefits and challenges of both regions and projects. It reveals favourable and unfavourable factors influencing the integration of stakeholders in ecosystems. The prerequisites for stakeholder integration into a unified ecosystem are identified, and the main directions of integrated transport policy of the regions are considered.

Introduction of the organizational and economic mechanism of the activation of intellectual and innovative determinants of the regional economic development

In the article, functional, systemic and process approaches to the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism of the activation of intellectual and innovative determinants of the regional economic space development in the conditions of creative economy are investigated. Within the framework of the functional approach, institutional, legal and normative influence on the activation of intellectual and innovative determinants of the regional economic development is implemented. It is substantiated that the main functional components of the mechanism are intellectual-innovative, financial-investment, technical-technological, institutional-legal, information-logistic, ecological and material-resource. From the standpoint of a systematic approach, the mechanism of activating the determinants of the regional development in creative economy should be considered as a set of subjects, objects, methods, tools, as well as subsystems of targeted impact and methodological support, resource and infrastructure support, evaluation indicators and adjusting regulators.

Regional corridor model: Towards a regional corridor model

One of the key concepts underlying the science of spatial planning refers to the role of development corridors as a planning instrument to potentially restructure economic space. Although strong evidence exists that corridors are regarded as important spatial development instruments that channel economic development, counter-arguments indicate the need for more diversified strategies at regional and national levels, as well as a greater awareness of agglomeration economies to allow for the integration of corridors as strategic and supporting networks. Drawing on fundamental literature, a regional corridor model was developed with the aim to establish a spatial framework through which corridor development can be integrated as strategic and supporting networks to support the notion of ‘ sustainable spatial- and settlement planning’, i.e. the appropriate compilation and administration of policies affecting spatial organisation at local, regional and national levels. Based on the empirical research, regional and national governments could, through the RCM, develop a realistic spatial perspective on long-term settlement patterns and investment opportunities which could transform economic space development and seek to connect the potential of urban systems in economic development.

Пространственное развитие Восточной Сибири: к проблеме строительства новых городов

The article reveals the main approaches to the socio-economic and spatial development of regions and proves the need to combine them into an integrated approach to spatial socio-economic development. It is shown that both traditional economic resources and the use of innovations, social, environmental and other resources can act as a development base. The article considers the innovative-informational and natural-resource directions of economic development. The historically established approaches to the development of economic space are highlighted from the standpoint of realizing the advantages of territorial location and development, as well as from the standpoint of realizing the benefits of innovative entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurial (economic) activity was chosen as the main driving factor of development. The theory of the economic space development based on the use of economic, social and environmental potential in the general economic field of the region has been substantiated. The author’s concept of isopot is used as a tool for the formation of integration ties in the territory, which determines the transfer of financial, information, resource and other flows within the framework of the implementation of development strategy projects and provides spatial socio-economic planning. The typification of development has been carried out depending on the orientation towards the resource-raw material, industrial-innovative, agrarian-innovative, social-service and communication-logistic components of the potential. The resource-raw material, transport-communication, ecosystem, socio-cultural, innovation-cluster and political-economic (military-political) approaches to the spatial socio-economic development of regions have been determined. The axial, network and cluster placement models for spatial development are considered. The initiative of building new cities of scientific and industrial type in Eastern Siberia is considered. The analysis of this project’s goals, the prerequisites for its appearance is given. The historical trends of changes in the incentives for the construction of new cities are analyzed. The features of the technological specialization of new cities, transport, personnel and financial support are revealed. The main problems of the project are shown. The alternatives to the construction of new cities are considered. The necessary stages of transformation of the state vision of economic development from the economy of slogans and appeals, through an irrational economy to a rational economy, have been investigated

Economic Space Development of the Cabinet Land-Lease Branch in Altai in the 80s - the First Half of the 90s of the 19th Century

The article examines the process of economic space development of the land-lease branch in the Altai mining district in the period between the administrative reforms of 1883 and 1896. The authors analyze the district administration actions on the land-lease relations development, point to the actions of officials and note the change in priorities in relation to the region land and forest resources after the revision of 1882. The conclusion is made that, in contrast to the previous period, when the actions of the district administration were chaotic and disinterested, since 1883 there has been a whole range of measures reflecting the systemic, purposeful and thoughtful nature of actions aimed at the development of rent. It is indicated that in addition to direct practical activities, officials were engaged in research and development of concepts for the industry development which was not observed before. It was already in the 80s of the 19th century the following approaches for the development of the economic sphere of land-lease relations were realized by the Cabinet administration inventory ("bringing all property to notice"), internal breakdown of land plots, measures to involve in economic turnover unsuitable for lease land, transition to long-term lease relations, etc. , which determined the nature of further intensification and modernization of the industry until 1917. Despite the limited resources, there was a significant increase in rental income, which increased in the first half of the 90s of the 19th century.

Identification of network cities in South Africa

Settlements, cities and regions function as integrated systems. This resulted in the creation of functional connections and when linked, networks within which trade occurred. This played an important role in the creation of scope economies. This is based on the notion that various networks formed a unique exchange environment from which economic development benefitted. Furthermore, networks evolve and grow when independent cities or regions strive to co-operate and in the process created higher and lower-order settlements which support the outcomes of economic space development and cities as sites of renewed economic dynamism. Networks consist of two important elements: (1) nodes, denoting location and size and (2) links, denoting distance and capacity that display the forces of interaction. These forces of interaction are the underlying principles of the complex relationships that exist between different urban centres (gravitational properties) due to the agglomeration of economic activities. Applying a regional network model, considering gravitational properties provides a solution, whereby a city’s functionality within a network is established. The model provides a framework denoting a city’s rise in performance as either mega, primary, secondary or intermediate which ultimately measures a city’s role and ‘place’ within economic space development. The framework allows cities to realise their ‘place’ of potential allowing them to respond proactively and innovatively to develop and promote economic development.

THE CONCEPT OF THE POLARIZED SPACE FORMATION IN THE ECONOMY OF THE REGION WITH RESOURCE POTENTIAL

The article analysed and systematized the theory and the paradigm of regional development. Opportunities for the optimum development of the regional economy in Ukraine are identified because the functioning of the market system is accompanied by crisis phenomena and requires deep scientific study of the contemporary economic theory and practice of going out of the crisis using the latest concepts of region development. Polarized space concept in the economy of the regions of Ukraine with the identifying of measures for its implementation is an important and insufficiently developed scientific research. The result of the transformation of economic transitions in the national economy is the dominance of so-called “point development”. Despite the positive effect of the presence of the growth poles in a separate area, this situation reinforces the asymmetry in economic development in comparison with the other regions. A result of this is the differentiation of the main economic and social indicators of regional economic development. In this regard, the study of regional concepts and theories of regional economic development is urgent theoretical and practical task, because the lack of a unified approach to the foundations of the theory of economic space, and especially its regional component, does not allow to start solving some of the practical issues of systematic formation of common economic space of the country. These issues raise many questions of applied character, which economic theory may not always give a definite answer. Such questions are certainly of theoretical interest but, most importantly, their answers can contribute to the formation of an effective competitive economy in the region. The object of the study is the regions of Ukraine, with their resource potential and absence of a polarized space. The main objective is the formation on this basis of anti-crisis measures of region development. The subject of research is theoretical principles and methodology of formation of a polarized space with the low quality of economic space. The methodological base of this research is the dialectical method of cognition, systemic approach, fundamental provisions of economic theory and the theory of the polarized space. The following research methods are applied: logical generalization, systemic and structural analysis, comparison, statistical, expert, etc. The aim is to study the imperatives for the effective development of the locally-spatial system, taking into account its resource potential, determination of possible ways of its implementation with the aim of regional economic space development and ensuring strategic guidelines and goals for socio-economic development. The obtained results gave a possibility to determine necessary methodological bases of the improvement of regional development, to focus on the most influential directions in the theory of the economic development of a region, to substantiate the conceptualization of an optimal model of economic development of the region.

Expanded benefits for humanity from the International Space Station

In 2012, the International Space Station (ISS) (Fig. 1) partnership published the updated International Space Station Benefits for Humanity[1], a compilation of stories about the many benefits being realized in the areas of human health, Earth observations and disaster response, and global education. This compilation has recently been revised to include updated statistics on the impacts of the benefits, and new benefits that have developed since the first publication. Two new sections have also been added to the book, economic development of space and innovative technology. This paper will summarize the updates on behalf of the ISS Program Science Forum, made up of senior science representatives across the international partnership.The new section on “Economic Development of Space” highlights case studies from public-private partnerships that are leading to a new economy in low earth orbit (LEO). Businesses provide both transportation to the ISS as well as some research facilities and services. These relationships promote a paradigm shift of government-funded, contractor-provided goods and services to commercially-provided goods purchased by government agencies. Other examples include commercial firms spending research and development dollars to conduct investigations on ISS and commercial service providers selling services directly to ISS users. This section provides examples of ISS as a test bed for new business relationships, and illustrates successful partnerships.The second new section, “Innovative Technology,” merges technology demonstration and physical science findings that promise to return Earth benefits through continued research. Robotic refueling concepts for life extensions of costly satellites in geo-synchronous orbit have applications to robotics in industry on Earth. Flame behavior experiments reveal insight into how fuel burns in microgravity leading to the possibility of improving engine efficiency on Earth. Nanostructures and smart fluids are examples of materials improvements that are being developed using data from ISS.The publication also expands the benefits of research results in human health, environmental change and disaster response and in education activities developed to capture student imaginations in support of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, or STEM, education internationally. Applications to human health of the knowledge gained on ISS continue to grow and improve healthcare technologies and our understanding of human physiology. Distinct benefits return to Earth from the only orbiting multi-disciplinary laboratory of its kind. The ISS is a stepping stone for future space exploration by providing findings that develop LEO and improve life on our planet.

Development of Methodical Approach on Identification of Cluster Forms of the Organization of Economy of the Traditional and Agrarian Region

The spatial organization of economy of the Russian regions endures a certain crisis of the existing schemes of territorial localization and functioning of the leading sectors of economy and their enterprises. The accruing fragmentation of economic space and social and economic differentiation is а result of lack of effective counteraction to this crisis. Regions with agrarian orientated economy are more sensitive to processes of uneven development of economic space because they are more dependent on natural and geographical regularities, and the focused development of separate zones leads to synchronous formation of depressive territories with the low level of the key social and economic parameters, despite the available resource potential. Therefore, formation of new approaches to the organization of economic space of the agrarian oriented regions has to coordinate with identification of all leading sectors of economy, zone and polar forms of economic growth and leads to the introduction of different types of cluster innovations on the basis of stimulation of the relevant initiatives. Exactly potential of the cluster forms of the organization of economic space is capable to extend on extensive adjacent territories, forming network designs with the mode of active social and economic development. According to this, an object of this research is development of theoretical and methodical provisions and conceptual approaches and recommendations about improvement of management of development of the agrarian oriented region on the basis of using cluster approach. As a result of the solution of the objective it is offered, based on selection and the analysis of quantitative indicators, methodical approach on identification of potential of clustering in the leading branches of economy of the agrarian oriented region. Also basic elements of the concept of management of the region on the basis of using cluster approach were specified with using the scenario of stage-by-stage development of a cluster in a key branch of economy and the scenario of a polybranch clustering of economy with creation of clusters in several leading branches.

State Sovereignty in Space: Current Models and Possible Futures

The expansion of private-sector space activities is significantly changing the dynamics of space policy in the United States and potentially the entire field of space exploration and utilization. However, state sovereignty remains, and shall remain, central to the law, politics, and economics of space. States will continue to be important space actors, and even as private space actors emerge, governments shall play a vital enabling and regulatory functions. The exact role states will play in future economic development of space, as well as the nature of the relationship between state and non-state actors in space, depends on the concept of state sovereignty. This article discusses theoretical understandings of state sovereignty, outlines the current legal regime for space, examines controversies in space law, and explores possible scenarios for future forms of state sovereignty or jurisdiction in space. It concludes that the best outcome is where international law evolves in anticipation of these new developments to ensure a stable international regime for space.

Study of Economic Space Development Evolution Features of ESDA Technique in JingJinji Metropolis Circle

ESDA technique in spatial econometrics is utilized for analyzing pattern and evolution of economic and special structure in JingJinji area from 1995 to 2012. Non-agricultural population during the time period is counted; rank scale rule, ROXY index, urban influence and other quantitative methods are applied to systematically studying evolution of scale structure and special structure in urban system in JingJinji Metropolis Circle. Spatial polarization indicators are utilized for estimating space polarization change trend on JingJinji Metropolis Circle during the time period. On the basis, two-dimensional and three-dimensional space expression modes of GIS space analysis technique are adopted for special simulation of economic polarization growth in JingJinji Metropolis Circle in recent 15 years, thereby analyzing special polarization process in JingJinji Metropolis Circle from two dimensions of time and space. The results showed that: 1. JingJinji Metropolis Circle is in dispersed development trend, overall trend of economic space difference is continuously expanded, economic growth polarization of Metropolis Circle is increased with time, economic growth of Metropolis Circle due to change trend of economic center to external space, and it does not completely follow distance attenuation rule.

CONTINUUM OF INSTITUTIONS OF STATE REGULATION AND SELF­REGULATION OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS

Government regulation of business is based on the application of different rules of behavior of economic agents. These rules are being developed and implemented at the national and regional levels of economic regulation. At a certain stage of development of national and regional regulations are beginning to constrain the global interaction of the agents of economic development. This trend for the economy of Russia and many countries that have more attention udlyat create market conditions for farming. In order to further the economic development of space postsovetsvkogo gaining positive momentum necessary to reduce control over the actions of economic agents and to create a culture of self-regulation. We see the problem is to establish a balance of government regulation and self-regulation in a single continuum. To this end, studies were carried out the forms and methods of state regulation in the Russian economy, the advantages and disadvantages of self-regulation, self-regulatory organizations proposed classification, formulated the conditions under which self-regulation in the post-may be more effective form of impact on the behavior of economic agents than government regulation. In the article the author offers direction of public-private partnership: financial, logistical and administrative real. The development of public-private partnerships as a mechanism for interaction study of global parties “society - the state – business” in the management of priority areas of the economy.