Development Of Suburban Areas Research Articles

Supporting method of compact city planning in local metropolitan areas across prefectural borders

AbstractThis study examines and visualizes a future urban structure of local metropolitan areas that extend over prefectural borders as in the case of Sinjiko‐nakaumi metropolitan areas located across Tottori prefecture and Shimane prefecture. First, we constructed an expert system based on prefectural and city administrative plans in the metropolitan urban area, showing a compact city model (Scenario 1). Second, we developed a compact city model to reflect potential development、 taking into account agricultural land conversions (Scenario 2). By comparing the results of these scenarios, we found that it is possible to visualize an intensive urban structure that takes into account the possibility of urban sprawl given that the conversion of agricultural land in suburban areas is only allowed at a certain level of development. Additionally, we identified inadequacies in existing compact‐city construction plans. To plan an effective urban structure for metropolitan areas situated on prefectural borders, it is important to emphasize the necessity of collaboration between municipalities in developing master plans for urban planning in areas located at or near borders. It is also necessary to review and redesign municipal master plans to ensure mutually convenient locations for facilities near borders and to regulate development in suburban areas.

Identify the use of Sekartaji Park in Kediri City as a creative public space

Urban development in sub-urban areas occurs due to the agglomeration of residential areas which form a functional unity in urban activities. Continuous urban development will give rise to urban sustainability problems, one of which is the lack of available green open space to support the natural ecological cycle of a sustainable urban environment. Green Open Space as Creative Public Space can boost the regional economy because it is able to attract people to gather for recreation, play and work and has opened up opportunities for the development of the creative economy market. The Green Open Space of Sekartaji Park, Kediri City, can become a Creative Public Space, but it still experiences obstacles so it must be arranged according to the criteria and function of Creative Public Space. This research aims to utilize green open space into public open space. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection was carried out using literature studies, interviews and observations. The results of this research are the use of green open space as Creative Public Space with facilities and infrastructure for local economic activities, creativity-innovation in art, culture and social interaction.

Banda Aceh Metamorphosis: Analyzing The Impact of Urban Sprawl in Meuraxa District

The rapid development of Banda Aceh City has led to a surge in population growth, causing unstructured development in suburban areas, particularly in Meuraxa District, where the land use has undergone a significant transformation. This research aims to analyze the impact of urban sprawl on the form of the city of Banda Aceh in terms of the physical condition of Meuraxa District. Utilizing a quantitative approach with geographic analysis, the study employs remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System) applications, specifically ArcGIS SHP map data. The analysis covers the period from 2010 to 2020, revealing a noteworthy increase in housing land use in Meuraxa District. The findings indicate that Meuraxa District has experienced urban sprawl, evidenced by the reduction in undeveloped land, there was an increase in land use for housing, improved accessibility, and increased availability of facilities. The GIS data-based urban sprawl development model categorizes Meuraxa District as an "edge expansion" type, with a calculated T value falling in the 0 < T < 0.5 range.

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perkembangan Perumahan Di Pinggiran Kota (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Boja, Kabupaten Kendal)

Population growth and the activities it carries out make the need for land increase, especially in the city center. Land in the city center which is increasingly limited and expensive is no longer able to be accessed by the community to support its activities so that these activities develop into suburban areas. Boja District is one of the suburban areas affected by the development of the City of Semarang, which is indicated by the growth of residential areas since 2010-2020. The purpose of this research is to find out what factors influence the development of suburban housing, Boja District, Kendal Regency. The analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive. Respondents are people who live in housing in the District of Boja. There are 9 variables used for factor analysis and 100 respondents to be surveyed. The research variables consist of livelihood, level of expenditure, length of stay, area of origin, number of family members, house prices, ease of buying a house, installment costs, and credit terms . This research is studied based on the pattern of housing development in suburban areas and the characteristics of housing residents. The results of this study are that there are 3 factors that influence housing development in Boja District, Kendal Regency, namely socio-economic factors consisting of level of expenditure, regional origin, length of stay and house prices, community consumption factors consisting of number of family members, installment costs and livelihoods, as well as risk factors consisting of the installment period and the ease of buying a house.

Effects of landscape patterns on the morphological evolution of surface urban heat island in Hangzhou during 2000 – 2020

• The development of suburban areas caused the changes of SUHI in Hangzhou. • IS density should be controlled below 60 ha/km 2 . • Agglomerated water and forests caused a stronger cooling effect. • Scattered buildings showed less warming effect than the dense distribution. Rapid urbanization exacerbates the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, which significantly affects people's daily life and socioeconomic activities. In this study, using Landsat long-time series satellite images, we attempted to examine the dynamics of surface urban heat islands (SUHI) in Hangzhou from 2000 to 2020. Directional analysis, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis were employed to detect the relationships between land surface temperature (LST) and landscape patterns. The results show that the changes of SUHI were mainly due to the urban expansion in suburban areas, and the intensity of SUHI in the urban center kept stable. The correlation between LST and forest was stronger over time with an increased proportion level. There was no correlation between LST and forest when the forest density was less than 20 ha/km 2 . However, when the forest density reached 80 ha/km 2 , the R 2 of their correlation was 0.2921. The landscape configuration also affected the LST, and agglomerated water and forests showed a more substantial cooling effect. Compared with dense buildings, scattered buildings showed a weaker warming effect. These findings would be helpful for the current landscape configuration adjustment and future urban planning, with the promotion of sustainable development in Hangzhou.

PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH PINGGIR KOTA DI KELURAHAN KAMELOH BARU KOTA PALANGKA RAYA

This study discusses the role of government in the development of suburban areas in Palangka Raya City. The aim is to describe how the Government's role in this case is the Kameloh Baru Village Government using the Tjokroamidjojo theory in which the Government is a motivator, facilitator and mobilizer in the implementation of development in the village.
 This study uses qualitative research methods, the data collection techniques obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. Informants in this study included: Lurah (Head Of Village), Head of Section in Village, Village Employees, Head of neighbourhood, Head of hamlet, and the villager. Information from interviews is also equipped with news documentation and also observations in the field by researchers.
 The results showed that the Kameloh Baru Village Head as a motivator had not run optimally. Because education and coaching efforts have not been able to increase community participation development in the Kameloh Baru area. The Lurah as a Facilitator, the Kameloh Baru Village Head has not been able to become a facilitator who provides solutions to problems that occur in the area. Lurah as a mobilizer, the coordination between the community and the government is still low. The relationship between the village government and the community is still not well. Obstacles to the Lurah in carrying out his role in development; As a mobilizer, there is still a lack of education provided to the community. So that public awareness is low in the development of the region's development. As a Facilitator, the deliberations between the government and the community have not been optimally carried out, the communication that occurs is still very minimal. As a mobilizer, the Lurah's coordination with the community has not been solidly established. Then the cooperation between the community and the relevant government has not been closely intertwined so that the Lurah's efforts in mobilizing have not been realized optimally.

Inclusive trends of urban development: Temporalspatial social practices

The article presents the results of a review of the data of Russian and international research of social-urban development as presented at the scientific events in the Saratov region. In contemporary urbanism, there is a number of trends: temporal, of universal design, and social-cultural. The Russian urban development follows agglomeration trends that are increasingly evident in the processes of settlement, which means active development of suburban areas, changes in their landscape characteristics, cultural spaces, and mobility of citizens. The covid-19 pandemic had a complex impact on the social-urban features of cities in Russia and the world by transforming the structure and functionality of many urban locations, creating conditions for the emergence of a post-coronavirus city. The empirical data show that such a city is the most socially sensitive to negative and positive aspects of social life and to manifestations of inclusive practices that unite people. Under the low, fragmented accessibility of social, cultural and other infrastructure of cities that are designed for healthy people, there is a synchronization of urban infrastructure elements in the context of inclusion due to the social demand for a coronavirus transformation of the architectural and urban environment in terms of social distancing. Based on the research data from different regions of Russia, the authors identify priority directions of the inclusive development of social urbanism: models of the inclusive culture of urban communities; monitoring of the city accessible environment for citizens of different age and mobility (in particular, with the tracing and walk along approaches); model of participatory urban planning and social expertise of the inclusiveness of the urban space; educational model of professional training in the field of social urbanism and universal design.

COMMUNITY RESPONSES OF NORTH BANDUNG SUBURBS TO LAND CONVERSION

The northern suburbs of Bandung City are an expansion area of the development of Bandung City. The regional development in suburban areas can cause land conversion problems. The objective of the present study was to identify the community's response and the factors of land conversion in the northern suburbs of Bandung City. A descriptive quantitative method was employed through the presentation of percentages and the results of interviews with 108 respondents. Findings reveal that the people’s responses to land conversion exhibited positive and negative responses. Among the positive responses were that land conversion was perceived appropriate for regional development; road construction could increase citizen mobility and create job opportunities. Meanwhile, among the negative responses were that land conversion could result in hot temperatures, barren fields, humidity, lack of water sources, and the loss of agricultural land. The factors affecting land use conversion included population growth, the development of the Bandung City area, construction of residential and tourist areas, increased land prices, and socio-cultural factors of the Sundanese people.Keywords: community response, land function conversion factors, suburbs of the north of Bandung, land function conversion

Empowering the Quality of School Resources in Improving the Quality of Education

The aim of this study was to enhance empowering the quality school resources in improving the quality of education in SMA Pasundan 3 Cimahi West Java. The researchers used qualitative research. Observation, interviews and documentation was used in this collecting the data. The result show that empowering school resources is increasing human resources, especially teachers and students, school facility and infrastructure in improving school quality, and alternative ways to improve the quality of education by improving quality teacher education, increasing teaching hours for teachers who lack teaching hours, adding school infrastructure needed by using BOS funds and increasing education development in suburban areas.
 Keywords: Empowering Quality School, School Resources, Quality Education

СЕЛЬСКОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ НЕСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ

The relevance of the problem stated in the article is conditioned by the fact that the rural population continues to decline. There are processes of compression of populated and developed space, dying of traditional rural way of life, development of suburban areas, leaning to the zones of influence of agglomerations and emergence of agriculture- unrelated activities. The purpose of the article is to determine the strategic possibilities of managing rural spatial development under conditions of socio-economic instability through the analysis of dynamics of the number of rural settlements over a period of years. The main research methods of the problem stated in the article are: theoretical approaches (analysis of domestic and foreign theoretical statements of spatial development), statistical and systematic analysis, analysis and synthesis, analysis of legislative and program documents. Under conditions of socio-economic instability, rural spatial development is increasingly being seized by the processes of compression of populated and developed space, as well as completely new solutions for non-agricultural settlement development (distance forms of education, medical services, rural tourism, traditional crafts, distance working, creative projects, etc.). The article assesses the conditions and factors of probability of the formation of a rural settlement system taking into account the goals of national development. It is determined that only multifunctional development of territories, promotion in creation of new, up-to-date settlement systems (synthesizing urban and rural types of settlement in itself) will build the basis for the implementation of the goals of national development, namely: preservation of the population, health and well-being of people; opportunities for self- realization of citizens and decent, effective work; creation of a comfortable and safe environment for life, digital transformation. According to the results of theoretical and methodological analysis and assessment of the production bases of the development of forms of rural population, it is established that it is strategically advisable to focus on the organization of villages with a complex structure of the economy: the more functions a rural settlement performs, the more successfully it develops.

Travel characteristics of suburban residents during the COVID-19 pandemic (case study of Sonosewu, Bantul Regency)

The existence of COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on residents’ travel, including in Sonosewu Hamlet, Bantul Regency, Indonesia because the government has implemented recommendation to reduce residents’ mobility in order to accelerate the handling of COVID-19. This research is interesting because there was no research that specifically examines the characteristics of residents’ travel during COVID-19 pandemic in the suburbs of Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study was to identify the travel characteristics of the residents of Sonosewu during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collection was carried out through questionnaire surveys. The data processing and analysis were carried out by using descriptive statistical methods. Based on the results obtained from 328 respondents, it is known that the travel frequency from November 30 to December 6, 2020, tended to be high with 6 to 7 trips a week. The purpose of travel was mostly to work and shopping, and the main travel destinations are Bantul Regency and Yogyakarta City. The result of this research will be useful for the development of knowledge, especially in the field of urban geography and can be taken into consideration by the government for the development of suburban areas.

Situational model of decision-making system based on environmental monitoring data in the conditions of urban development

Urban population growth is a trend of industrial society. According to the annual UN reports on the rate of urbanization of countries in 2007, the urban population became equal to the rural population in the world and continues to increase. As a result, following the population growth and the growth of cities. Development planning of urban areas is a complicated and important task, requiring the solution of a number of social issues: the optimization of the location of municipal facilities, improve the quality of life of citizens, the formation of leisure and recreational areas, the formation of the urban landscape and design, the formation of zones of residential development, the transport infrastructure, street and road network with minimal impact on the environment, placement of objects of social sphere, development of suburban areas. Compaction of the development of modern Russian cities, with narrow streets and often no sidewalks, makes the task of reducing the level of environmental safety in megacities difficult, and in some cases impossible. On the other hand, urban areas are constantly increasing due to the introduction of new districts, residential areas and cottage settlements, which requires taking into account the level of environmental safety at the planning stage of their development.

Possibilities for the Development of Building Plots with an Unfavorable Structure in the Context of Spatial Justice: A Case Study of Poland

To balance interests among local communities and increase awareness of the need to protect the environment, landscape and spatial order, there is a need for active participation, cooperation and mutual learning of participants in the planning process, including urban planners, specialists from other disciplines (among others, ecologists, landscape architects and surveyors), local authorities and residents. This article presents the problems associated with housing development in suburban areas within the context of rules for sustainable development, and spatial and social justice. It presents an assessment of the spatial configuration of plots and the possibilities for development and management of these in the selected communes located in suburban area of Warsaw, the capital city of Poland. A methodology was developed for the preparation of planning documents in the commune, allowing the minimization of the problem of spatial injustice resulting from the flawed structure of registered plots.

Methodological approaches to determining the border of the suburban zone of the city of Odessa

The purpose of this paper is aimed at defining the border of the suburban zone behind economic approaches and leveling (comparing) the results with certain borders in the General plan. The development of suburban areas is one of the elements of the transformation of the economy of the city and region, determines the pace of their development. Though even today there is no common point of view on the interpretation of the concept of "suburban zone", there is no clear distinction between the definitions of "suburb", "suburban territory", "suburban area". In addition, it is important to define the boundaries of the city and suburban area, since cities tend to "expand" and "capture" adjacent territories. The boundaries of cities change significantly, which requires a corresponding study of the boundaries of the suburban zone, thus, the topic of work is re-levant. Methodology. The article considers options for delineating borders according to existing legislative acts that define the outer border of the suburban zone of large cities with an isochronous 45-60-minute accessibility by public transport to the city. In addition, the analysis of research and publications of scientists made it possible to identify other approaches to determining the boundaries of the suburban zone and compare the results with the specified border of the suburban zone in the General plan of Odessa. Thus, calculations were made and the results were visualized, using the ArcGIS Pro software, several options for determining the boundaries of the suburban zone of the city of Odessa, namely: a methodological approach was applied to calculate the population concentration index, the results of which confirmed our assumptions about the concentration of the population in the suburban zone to the place of employment, study, cultural and social development. The second methodological approach is the calculation of the gravitational model based on the distance parameter. The results allowed us to conclude that accessibility of localities to the city center is crucial. In the third approach, using the gravity model of Kareem that combines distance and demographic potential centers of research, defines the borders of suburban zone of the city of Odessa, which are maximally correlated with the specified bounds in the General plan. Practical significance. Therefore, the conducted research makes it possible to assert that one of the important indicators in determining the border of a suburban zone is the temporary isochrone, that is accessibility to the city, which, in most cases, forms a multidimensional relationship between the city and the suburban zone. The delimitation of the borders of suburban areas of cities will allow for targeted planning of the territory, organization of an effective management system, establishment of geographical features of the city development, use of the suburban territorial resources for urban development, and the relationship between the development of the city and its suburban zone. The city center and its suburban area are interconnected objects of spatial planning documentation at the stages of development of master plans for localities.

Development of an Innovative Land Valuation Model (iLVM) for Mass Appraisal Application in Sub-Urban Areas Using AHP: An Integration of Theoretical and Practical Approaches

Land development in sub-urban areas is more frequent than in highly urbanized cities, causing land prices to increase abruptly and making it harder for valuers to update land values in timely manner. Apart from this, the non-availability of sufficient reliable market values forces valuers to use alternatives and subjective judgement. Land value is critical not only for private individuals but also for government agencies in their day-to-day land dealings. Thus, mass appraisal is necessary. In other words, despite the importance of reliable land value in all aspects of land administration, valuation remains disorganized, with unregulated undertakings that lack concrete scientific, legal, and practical foundations. A holistic and objective way of weighing geospatial factors through expert consultation, legal reviews, and evidence (i.e., news) will provide more realistic results than a regression-based method that does not comprehend valuation factors (i.e., physical, social, economic, environmental, and legal aspects). The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) enables these factors to be included in the model, hence providing a realistic result. The innovative land valuation model (iLVM), developed in this study, is an inclusive approach wherein experts are involved in the selection and weighing of 15 factors through the AHP. The model was validated using root mean squared error (RMSE) and compared with multiple regression analysis (MRA) through a case study in Baybay City, Philippines. Based on the results, the iLVM (RMSE = 0.526) outperformed MRA (RMSE = 1.953).

Badanie spójności przestrzennej w gminach podmiejskich aglomeracji poznańskiej na przykładzie Lubonia

Spójność przestrzenna jest ważnym elementem ładu przestrzennego. Niestety w pracach badawczych brakuje jasnej definicji tego pojęcia. Jego główne znaczenie odnosi się zwykle do powiązań jakie można wytworzyć pomiędzy fragmentami większej struktury. Siłę tych relacji pogłębia ciągłość form architektonicznych, które budują ład przestrzenny i rozpoznawalność miejsca. Autorzy artykułu podjęli próbę zdefiniowania koherencji przestrzennej oraz wyznaczenia zasad jej pomiaru w trzech skalach: kwartału, miasta/wsi i gminy, lecz w prezentowanym opracowaniu skupiono się na przedstawieniu dwóch pierwszych skal. Pilotażowe badanie przeprowadzono na terenie gminy Luboń, która charakteryzuje się jedną z najwyższych gęstości zaludnienia na terenie aglomeracji poznańskiej oraz ilości mieszkań. Budownictwo mieszkaniowe to obecnie najliczniej występujący na terenach podmiejskich typ zabudowy. Jednocześnie na obszarze aglomeracji poznańskiej ciągle dynamicznie się rozwija, a liczba wydawanych decyzji na ten typ zabudowy znacznie przewyższa pozostałe. Analizując zabudowę gminy Luboń autorzy mają nadzieję na wyznaczenie przyczyn nieko­rzystnych zjawisk przestrzennych i opracowanie wytycznych, które mają wspomóc ich zaha­mowanie.

Spatial tendencies and peculiarities of socio-economic development of cities and rural areas of a region

Modern dynamic development of the Ukrainian society and its integration into global social and economic space is followed by emergence of a wide range of problems (internal and external calls and threats of political and financial and economic nature; spatial deformations at the regional and local levels, growth of a fragmentariness and asymmetry in social and economic development of regions, areas, cities and rural territories, lack of systemic nature and coordination of all participants of regional development), the majority of which is especially sharply shown at the regional level. In this regard, there is a need to reveal the spatial development characteristics and problems of the cities and rural territories for Ukrainian regions, to identify their weaknesses and strengths, in order to determine the optimal mechanism for improving spatial development, which would in the future allow for efficient combining of the state and regional interests in the process of ensuring sustainable development of social and economic space and its regional subsystems. The basic spatial tendencies and characteristic features of socio-economic development of cities and rural territories of Zaporizhia region are highlighted, as well as the optimum mechanism of improvement of their spatial development taking into account regional specificity is outlined. The analysis of the main socio-economic and spatial development indicators allowed us to identify the main characteristics of the urbanization process in the region and its impact on the development of suburban areas. Ranging of cities and areas of the region by the level of social and economic development by means of an integrated index of economic development of the cities and districts of the Zaporizhia region based on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of various aspects of social and economic dynamics of their development is carried out. This approach allowed us to ensure the validity and methodological correctness of comparisons of cities and districts parameters in Zaporizhia region by partial integral indexes (economic, social and environmental), and also to determine the place of each of them by rating in the region, which allowed to reliably estimate the depth and extent of their socio-economic development differentiation.

Transformation of Settlement caused by Housing Development in Suburbs of Semarang

Abstract. The development of the region towards the outskirts of the city has become a common phenomenon of cities in Indonesia. The area that was formerly a deserted area is now a sought-after area of urban society. This is due to limited land in the city center causing the start of the spread of occupancy in the suburbs. The development of suburban areas that will undergo a transition causes a change of space in the region This phenomenon can be found in the city of Semarang. One of them is the district of Mijen Semarang. The area that was formerly a small settlement with the potential of rubber forest farming has changed into one of the elite areas in the city of Semarang. The emergence of housing Bukit Semarang Baru (BSB) as a catalyst has a great impact on the development of the surrounding environment. Bukit Semarang Baru (BSB) in Mijen District, Semarang City is a new city concept housing that provides housing, education, industry, recreation and other commercial facilities. The transfer of land from rubber plantation to BSB housing is estimated to cause the transformation of space related to the function and land use in the surrounding settlements, especially the area directly adjacent to the village of Wonolopo. This research uses a rationalistic approach with qualitative paradigm, which in this study aims to understand and know the pattern of settlement transformation in settlements that occur in the village Wonolopo, Mijen, Semarang. Through this research is expected to be able to analyze and know how big the change of settlement space

Land-Use/Cover Change and Driving Mechanism on the West Bank of Lake Baikal from 2005 to 2015—A Case Study of Irkutsk City

Lake Baikal is located on the southern tableland of East Siberian Russia. The west coast of the lake has vast forest resources and excellent ecological conditions, and this area and the Mongolian Plateau constitute an important ecological security barrier in northern China. Land-use/cover change is an important manifestation of regional human activities and ecosystem evolution. This paper uses Irkutsk city, a typical city on the West Bank of Lake Baikal, as a case study area. Based on three phases of Landsat remote-sensing image data, the land-use/cover change pattern and change process are analyzed and the natural factors and socioeconomic factors are combined to reveal driving forces through the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model. The results show the following: (1) From 2005 to 2015, construction land expanded, and forestland was converted into construction land and woodland. In addition, grass land, bare land, and cultivated land were converted into construction land, and the woodland area increased. The annual changes in land use from 2005 to 2010 were dramatic and then slowed down from 2010 to 2015. (2) The main reasons for the change in land-use types were urban expansion and nonagricultural development caused by population migration. The process of urbanization from external populations to urban agglomeration and the process of reverse urbanization from a central urban population to urban suburbs jointly expanded urban construction land area. As a result, forestland, grass land and bare land areas on the outskirts of cities were continuously reduced. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, land privatization led to a decline in the farm economy, the emergence of agricultural land reclamation and urban expansion; in addition, the implementation of the “one-hectare land policy” intensified development in suburban areas, resulting in a reduction of forestland and grass land areas. The process of constructing the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor has intensified human activities in the region, and the prevention of drastic changes in land cover, coordination of human-land relations, and green development are necessary.

Recommended lines of Kashubian Lakeland landscape management in the light of their quarter-century transformation in the vicinity of Gdańsk agglomeration

Planning of spatial development in suburban areas requires considering natural and landscape criteria. In the studied transect Gdansk - Kartuzy (189 km 2 ), which has undergone a dynamic development of build-up area, in the last quarter of a century, we carried out analysis and assessment of urban sprawl in the years 1987-2012 and its relationship with the features of the terrain as well as the degradation of visual landscape values – based on a broad set of numerical spatial data. There is a little negative correlation of the frequency of the built environment with relative heights and a positive with intensity degradation of visual landscape values. Within the given period, the increase in built-up area amounted to 137% and this trend may continue, in the light of the findings of the studies on conditions and directions of spatial development of municipalities. The latest development, to a small extent, interferes with elements of ecological networks: patches and corridors, however, the planned investments, especially metropolitan bypass road, can reduce the efficiency of the functioning of the ecological corridor of the Radunia valley. In order to present recommendations in the scope of the landscape management and protection, the area was divided into 12 zone types, which were assigned with different spatial policies. The largest of them include large forest complexes (A), farmland dominated by fields (D), multi-functional rural settlements (F) and suburban areas (G).