Development Of Obstetrics Research Articles

Nestor Maksimovich Maksimovich-Ambodik

Here, we describe the historical aspects of Nestor Maksimovich Maksimovich-Ambodik life and scientific work, as well as describe his contribution to the formation and development of obstetrics and gynecology in the Russian Empire.

“The highest in each class was a twilight baby”: scientific motherhood, twilight sleep and the eugenics movement in McClure’s Magazine

In the early twentieth century, childbirth was increasingly being viewed as a medical experience in North America. Women were encouraged to engage with ‘scientific motherhood’ by adhering to medical advice...

Learning to Lead: An Exploration of Leadership Development in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Learning to Lead: An Exploration of Leadership Development in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Learning to Lead: An Exploration of Leadership Development in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Despite the demonstrated value of leadership in medicine, there is limited research on how physicians develop leadership skills. We administered a national survey (225 respondents) and conducted eight interviews of residents, fellows, and staff physicians in obstetrics and gynaecology to explore leadership skill development. Most (87%) positively rated the effectiveness of their leadership skills; however, the majority (98%) stated they would benefit from further training. Interview themes indicated that leadership skills can be taught, leadership training and roles should be intentional, training should be longitudinal, and barriers to training can be overcome with changes to the current model.

Artificial intelligence: Friend or foe?

Artificial intelligence: Friend or foe?

Learning to Lead: An Exploration of Leadership Development in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Physicians’ leadership skills are essential to their ability to achieve high quality patient care and establish well-functioning, cost-effective healthcare systems. Research shows that effective physician leadership can improve clinical outcomes, including decreasing mortality rates and length of hospital stay. Despite its clear value, leadership training in residency and beyond is predominantly informal, and there is limited research regarding how leadership skills develop from training into independent practice.

Application of Integrative Medicine in the Development of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Integrative Medicine is the organic integration of advanced cognition and practical experience in various fields of medicine, and the adjustment of it with social environment and psychological reality, so as to make it a more suitable medical system for human health or disease treatment. The Obstetrics gynecology of obstetrics and gynecology is the study of the physiological and pathological changes specific to women and the regulation of fertility, not only affect women's own health, reproductive function, or even the safety of the fetus and baby. In this paper, the background and development prospect of integrated medicine, the leading role of integrated medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of obstetrics and gynecology diseases, and the importance of integrated medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of obstetrics and gynecology diseases are discussed the contribution of the Obstetrics gynecology of integrated Chinese and Western medicine to integrated medicine (IMM). It is stated in three aspects that IMM is the inevitable development direction of the future Obstetrics gynecology.

DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY OF ODESA NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY CELEBRATES 120 YEAR ANNIVERSARY

This year the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Odesa National Medical University celebrates 120 years of its foundation. The Department of Obstetrics, Women’s and Children’s Diseases was organized on June 13, 1902 on the basis of the Medical Faculty of Novorossiysk University and became the first department in the south of Ukraine. During this historical period, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology has undergone significant changes, but its glorious history has always been detected to development of obstetrics and gynecology in the country. Today it is one of the most famous departments not only in Ukraine, but also in the whole obstetric and gynecological community of European and world scientific circles. The traditions of the predecessors are now continued by scientists of the department. Key words: Odesa National Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 120 years.

Study on the Effect of Focused Ultrasound Excitation on Image Resolution Based on Computer Technology

With the continuous development of modern science and technology, ultrasonic testing is applied in various fields, and plays an important role in the field of detection. Ultrasound imaging is mainly used in medicine to detect the health of internal organs and to defect fetal development in obstetrics and gynecology. In addition, ultrasonic wave is widely used in welding inspection in the mechanical industry, and the downhole ultrasonic imaging is used in tunnel engineering. With the development of ultrasonic testing technology, there are many kinds of ultrasonic testing methods at present. This paper mainly discusses the influence of focused Based on Computer Technologyultrasonic’s excitation on imaging resolution, and finds out the law to perfect the ultrasonic testing means and improve the final imaging resolution. Focused ultrasonic excitation, also known as ultrasonic phased array detection technology, is an emerging non-destructive testing technology that has been developed and popularized in recent years[1]. Discussing and studying the influence of focused ultrasonic excitation on imaging resolution is of great significance to optimize this new technology. In the development of ultrasonic imaging technology, it is the responsibility of every relevant researcher to constantly explore ways to optimize the technology.

РАЗРЫВ ПЛОДНЫХ ОБОЛОЧЕК В НЕДОНОШЕННОМ СРОКЕ, КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ АКУШЕРСКИХ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЙ

This article presents the results of the retrospective study of the childbirth history of 106 pregnant women in whom labor was complicated by premature rupture of the membranes, delivery in the Bukhara regional perinatal center for the period 2017-2019 years. The results show the significant role of premature rupture of the membranes in the development of obstetrics and perinatal complications, especially in women with a history of somatic and gynecological anamnesis

Профессор императорской медико-хирургической академии В.М. Флоринский – ученый, преподаватель и государственный деятель

The main periods of life, scientific and state activity of Vasilij Markovich Florinsky. The purpose of the article is to consider stages of V.M. Florinsky’s activity in the academy as a pupil, scientist and statesman and to show his role in the development of obstetrics and gynaecology, anthropology, ethnography, history of medicine and folk medicine, as well as his contribution to the formation of eugenics and medical genetics. During the study the following methods were applied: theoretical, analysis, biographical. V.M. Florinsky published more than 330 scientific works. He published about 30 scientific publications on various sections of obstetrics and gynaecology. The scientist proposed an original method to prevent ruptures of the perineum during childbirth, among the first in Russia he successfully used chloroform for anesthesia in childbirth, conducted various histological studies in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology. A significant part of V.M. Florinsky's publications is devoted to archaeological and ethnographic researches. Discussion: V.M. Florinsky's biography will arise interest in specialists of humanitarian and medical profiles, politicians and public figures. Conclusion: having considered the main periods of life, scientific and state activity of V.M. Florinsky, his significant contribution to the development of obstetrics and gynaecology, anthropology, ethnography, history of medicine and folk medicine and to the formation of eugenics and medical genetics can be noted. V.M. Florinsky as a reformer and administrator in the system of university education strengthened the domestic and international authority of Russian science.

The application of appropriate midwifery technologies in China

At present, the clinically prominent problem in obstetrics is that the rate of cesarean section declines slowly. After the implementation of the two-child policy, the issues caused by the re-pregnancy of a large number of cesarean section mothers have become an obstetric problem. The implementation and promotion of appropriate midwifery technologies in China to ensure maternal and child safety and the healthy development of obstetrics are necessary for the current state of obstetrics. Therefore, this study summarizes WHO's classification of obstetric intervention methods and the main measures of appropriate midwifery technologies in China, and makes some suggestions for further developing appropriate technologies for midwifery. Key words: Guidebooks; Midwifery; Appropriate technology; Application

The transnationalization of normal childbirth in Brazil: a study of the last five decades

In recent years, changes have taken place in Brazilian obstetrics in response to the distance between the national scenario and World Health Organization recommendations and the work of organized civil society. This indicates the need for the national and international contexts to be considered. As such, the aim here is to understand the influence of transnationalism on normal childbirth in Brazil. Documental research was conducted to trace out the development of obstetrics in the country. It was found that the historical trajectory of normal childbirth in Brazil has not necessarily been restricted to national borders, but has been influenced by transnational recommendations and standards, orienting the creation of new regulations.

Step Towards Progressive Web Development in Obstetrics

The aim of this paper is to develop a Personal Health Record (PHR) for the support of pregnant women. With this goal in mind, concepts such as PHR and their importance in the obstetrics field are overviewed, as well as mobile development strategies. The system was developed with the support of a medical institution and taking into account what pregnant women find useful. The developed app is a Progressive Web App (PWA). This is a recent technology that allows the same app to work on most devices, gives a native feel to it when using on mobile devices and enables offline support. Further testing is necessary to understand the impact that this system may have in the engagement of pregnant women and in birth outcomes.

Uterus-targeted liposomes for preterm labor management: studies in pregnant mice.

Preterm labor caused by uterine contractions is a major contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Treatment intended to reduce uterine contractions include tocolytic agents, such as indomethacin. Unfortunately, clinically used tocolytics are frequently inefficient and cross the placenta causing fetal side effects. Here we show for the first time in obstetrics the use of a targeted nanoparticle directed to the pregnant uterus and loaded with a tocolytic for reducing its placental passage and sustaining its efficacy. Nanoliposomes encapsulating indomethacin and decorated with clinically used oxytocin receptor antagonist were designed and evaluated in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo. The proposed approach resulted in targeting uterine cells in-vitro, inhibiting uterine contractions ex-vivo, while doubling uterine drug concentration, decreasing fetal levels, and maintaining the preterm birth rate in vivo in a pregnant mouse model. This promising approach opens new horizons for drug development in obstetrics that could greatly impact preterm birth, which currently has no successful treatments.

Where the thread of home births never broke – An interview with Susanne Houd

The option of a planned home birth defies medical and social normativity across countries. In Denmark, despite the dramatic decline in the home birth rates between 1960 and 1980, the right to choose the place of birth was preserved. Little has been produced documenting this process. To present and discuss Susanne Houd's reflection on the history and social dynamics of home birth in Denmark, based in an in-depth interview. This paper is part of wider Short Term Scientific Mission (STSM), in which this interview was framed as oral history. The whole interview transcript is presented, keeping the highest level of detail. In Susanne Houd's testimony, four factors were highlighted as contributing to the decline in the rate of home births from the 1960s to the 1970s: new maternity hospitals; the development of obstetrics as a research-based discipline; the compliance of midwives; and a shift in women's preference, favouring hospital birth. The development of the Danish home birth models was described by Susanne Houd in regard to the processes associated with the medicalisation of childbirth, the role of consumers, and the changing professional dynamics of midwifery. An untold history of home birth in Denmark was documented in this testimony. The Danish childbirth hospitalisation process was presented as the result of a complex interaction of factors. Susanne Houd's reflections reveal how the concerted action of consumers and midwives, framed as a system-challenging praxis, was the cornerstone for the sustainability of home birth models in Denmark.

The Scottish Contribution to the Development of Obstetrics

Among the many things in which the Scots nation can take pride our contribution to medical science has been of a very high order. This perhaps reached its acme in the 18th and 19th centuries when Scotland in general and Edinburgh in particular represented the magnet for medical trainees from across the globe. The catalogue of Scottish contributions to developments in medicine is enormous but perhaps in no branch of medicine is it greater than in obstetrics. It could be reasonably claimed that in compiling a list of those obstetricians from the British Isles who have made the most telling contributions to the advancement of this clinical discipline the first half dozen names would probably be Scots. This short article will highlight some of the famous obstetricians who have helped to bring the art and science of obstetrics out of the mists of obscurity to the highly developed clinical science of today.

"A midwife at every confinement": Midwifery and Medicalized Childbirth in Ontario and Britain, 1920-1950.

This paper compares midwifery in Ontario and Britain in the first half of the 20th century. British midwives improved maternal and infant health and welfare by making childbirth a cooperative, medically managed event in conjunction with physicians. British midwives thus participated in, and contributed to, developments in obstetrics. In contrast, Ontario physicians worked to exclude midwives from participation in the modernization of birth management, relying on a narrower concept of "medicalization" defined as physician dominance. This study challenges the medical profession's assumptions that the exclusion of midwifery in Ontario was necessary to the medicalization of childbirth. The British alternative, where midwives were seen as partners rather than obstacles, illustrates that medicalization in the interest of infant and maternal safety could be integrated with the work of midwives.

A dinâmica hospitalar da Maternidade Dr. João Moreira, em Fortaleza, nas primeiras décadas do século XX

Maternidade Dr. João Moreira, the first women's hospital in the Brazilian city of Fortaleza, was founded in March 1915. It was created with the goal of reducing infant mortality during childbirth and made the female body an object of medical practice in the city. Its wards were used not just by the city's womenfolk, but also for midwife training courses. In this study, we analyze the dynamics inside the institution: its spatial organization, its healing and disciplinary methods, its relationship with its patients, its medical staff, etc. Statistical records and clinical case studies produced by doctors were important sources of research in this, one of the first initiatives in the development of obstetrics in the state of Ceará.

Bridging Between Professionals in Perinatal Care: Towards Shared Care in The Netherlands

Relatively high perinatal mortality rates in the Netherlands have required a critical assessment of the national obstetric system. Policy evaluations emphasized the need for organizational improvement, in particular closer collaboration between community midwives and obstetric caregivers in hospitals. The leveled care system that is currently in place, in which professionals in midwifery and obstetrics work autonomously, does not fully meet the needs of pregnant women, especially women with an accumulation of non-medical risk factors. This article provides an overview of the advantages of greater interdisciplinary collaboration and the current policy developments in obstetric care in the Netherlands. In line with these developments we present a model for shared care embedded in local 'obstetric collaborations'. These collaborations are formed by obstetric caregivers of a single hospital and all surrounding community midwives. Through a broad literature search, practical elements from shared care approaches in other fields of medicine that would suit the Dutch obstetric system were selected. These elements, focusing on continuity of care, patient centeredness and interprofessional teamwork form a comprehensive model for a shared care approach. By means of this overview paper and the presented model, we add direction to the current policy debate on the development of obstetrics in the Netherlands. This model will be used as a starting point for the pilot-implementation of a shared care approach in the 'obstetric collaborations', using feedback from the field to further improve it.