Developed Countries Of World Research Articles

Androgen Receptor and Non-Coding RNAs’ Interaction in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most prevalent among the urogenital cancers, accounts for around 3% of new cancer cases worldwide. Significantly, the incidence of RCC has doubled in developed world countries, ranking it as the sixth most common cancer in males, who represent two-thirds of RCC cases. Males with RCC exhibit a higher mortality rate and tend to develop a more aggressive form of the disease than females. Sex-related risk factors, including lifestyle and biological variations, explain this difference. The androgen receptor (AR) oncogenic signaling pathway has been extensively studied among the biological factors that affect RCC. Recent advancements in high-throughput RNA sequencing techniques have underscored the significant roles played by noncoding-RNAs (ncRNAs), previously dismissed as “junk”. The oncogenic potential of AR is manifested through its dysregulation of the ncRNAs’ availability and function, promoting RCC tumorigenesis. This review offers a summary of the most recent findings on the role and molecular mechanisms of the AR in dysregulating the ncRNAs that play a role in the progression of RCC and the possibility of utilizing ncRNAs to target AR as a potential therapeutic strategy.

Magnitude, Associated Factors and Morphological Types of Anemia Among Hospitalized 6-59 Months Age Children at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia - A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Anemia is among the major public health problems that cause significant morbidity and mortality among children around the world. Anemia in children of age 6 months to 5 years is a major health problem in most developing world countries with estimated prevalence of about 43%. To determine the magnitude, associated factors and morphological types of anemia among hospitalized 6-59 months age children from June 15 to October 15, 2022 at Jimma Medical Center, southwest Ethiopia. Hospital-based cross- sectional study design was conducted from June 15 to October 15, 2022 at Jimma Medical Center, involving 383 hospitalized children aged 6-59 months by employing convenient sampling technique. Data of sociodemographic characteristics and other associated factors of the study individuals waere collected using a pre-structured questionnaire. Clinical data were collected by physical examination and from history of client by medical interns and nurses. Then 3 mL venous blood was collected and analyzed for complete blood count. Data were coded, cleared and entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. The overall prevalence of anemia among hospitalized 6-59 months age children was 57.2%; out of them 30.82% were moderate. In the present study children with malaria infection, AOR = 1.15 (95% CI: 0.017, 0.781), Cchildren with severe malnutrition, AOR = 2.046 (95% CI: 0.306, 1.366), and children with low family income, AOR = 2.6 (95% CI 0.475, 0.894) were independent variables associated with anemia. Anemia among study participants is found to be a severe public health problem. Based on this finding, more intervention is needed with health education on nutrition and child feeding.

Cybersecurity education for South African school children through the action Cybercrime Prevention Programme: A systematic literature review

Cybertechnologies have become so important to human daily engagements that society can hardly do anything outside these ubiquitous technologies. These technologies have a great impact on the economy, as well as the social well-being of citizens in developed and third world countries. The dependence on digital technologies is useful in every sector of society. The consistent call for the adoption of digital technologies in education has seen different governments in advanced and developing nations of the world introducing the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) at the different facets of education. This introduction of ICT has brought in the use of the Internet in education which in turn has exposed the learners to the various threats that come with exposure to the Internet or cybertechnology. The internet is believed to have played a prominent role in facilitating the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in the different sectors of the world economy, most especially education. However, cybertechnology has brought a new dimension of threats ranging from cyber-bullying, identity theft, scamming, advanced fee fraud, and so many other dangers to humans’ daily existence. None of the citizens in the developed and developing nations of the world is immune from these crimes committed in cyberspace; therefore, there is a need to introduce school children to cybersecurity education as early as possible. It is in light of the foregoing that this systematic review proposes the Action Cybercrime Prevention Programme to equip school children with knowledge and skills that would minimise their exposure to dangers inherent in the use of information and communication technology (ICT) and the Internet for education and social purposes. This systematic review discusses the intergenerational effects of the proposed Action Cybercrime Prevention Programme on young learners to educate their parents or grandparents from falling victim to cybercrimes.

United Arab Emirates (UAE): A scientometric assessment of Covid-19 publications

Objective. The United Arab Emirates continues to undertake and sustain its research pursuits in Covid-19 as a matter of strategy, considering that the country is facing unique challenges in this area of research. The paper seeks to analyze UAE publications on Covid-19 research and describe its research trends.
 Methodology. A literature search on UAE publications on Covid-19 was conducted using the Scopus database, limiting the search period for the study to December 1, 2019 - April 7, 2023. Data were retrieved and downloaded for analysis using Microsoft Excel and Scopus Citation Overview tools. VOSviewer software was used to provide creative visualization of the relationships across researchers, institutions, and journals that reported UAE publications.
 Results: 48,1461 publications were published on Covid-19 from December 2019 till April 7, 2023. Of these, the UAE contributed 3402 publications, constituting 0.71% share of global output and registered 14.63 average citations per article (CPP). The 732 (21.52%) UAE papers had received external funding support, and another 2493 (73.28%) papers appeared through international collaboration with countries such as the U.K (n=556), USA (n=553), India (n=448), and Saudi Arabia (n=399). The leading UAE participating organizations in Covid-19 research include the University of Sharjah (n=619), United Arab Emirates University (n=520), and Zayed University (n=239). The organizations which made the most citation impact in terms of CPP and RCI include American University in the Emirates (40.54 and 3.34), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medical & Health Sciences (34.4 and 2.83), and Al Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital (31.88 and 2.62). The leading UAE participating authors in Covid-19 research include R. Halwani (n=83), Z. Umar (n=38), and Q. Hamid (n=37). The authors who made the most citation impact in terms of CPP and RCI include R. Halwani (52.61 and 4.33), H.Q. Al Shamsi (30.24 and 2.49) and A.S. Al Dhaheri (28.81 and 2.37). The most utilized channels of research communication in Covid-19 research include PLOS One (n=73), International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health (n=46), and Scientific Reports (n=36). The journals which received the most citations for UAE papers on Covid-19 research include the International Journal of Infectious Diseases (30.56 CPP), IEEE Access (20.49 CPP), and Frontiers in Psychiatry (17.40 CPP).
 Conclusion: The study presents the current status of research and the publication trends in Covid-19 in the UAE, particularly its most used sources for research publication, most productive and most cited organizations and authors, and its most sought-after topics in Covid-19 research. Strengthening research collaboration between UAE and the Middle East countries and with the developed world countries will further help UAE improve the quality and quantity of its research on Covid-19 and help implement its Covid-19 policies in the region.

Single-Cell Optical Nanomotion of Candida albicans in Microwells for Rapid Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

Candida albicans is an emerging multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen representing an important source of invasive disease in humans and generating high healthcare costs worldwide. The development of a rapid and simple antifungal susceptibility test (AFST) could limit the spread of this disease, increase the efficiency of treatment, and lower the risk of developing resistant strains. We developed a microfluidic chip containing an array of microwells that were designed to trap the cells and perform rapid antifungal susceptibility tests using optical nanomotion detection (ONMD). Yeast cell entrapment in a microwell allows for a very rapid exchange of growth medium with the antifungal, which enables performing single-cell ONMD measurements on the same cell before and after antifungal treatment. The exposure to a low concentration of the antifungal caspofungin or flucanozole induced a significant decrease in the nanomotion signal, demonstrating the high sensitivity of this technique. We used this chip to quantify the real-time response of individual C. albicans cells to the antifungal treatment in as fast as 10 min. This simple and label-free technique could be further developed into a simple-to-use device that allows the performance of fast AFST as part of a routine hospital procedure in developed and also eventually developing world countries.

AN OVERVIEW OF HEALTH PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN IN TURKIYE AND AROUND THE WORLD

Purpose: In this study, a number of important topics related to children's health were analytically evaluated and interpreted. The aim of the study is to increase people's awareness of child health, to understand the problems and to contribute to the search for solutions. Scope: The study focuses on common health problems in children. These problems include obesity, diabetes, asthma, allergies, infectious diseases and immune problems. The importance of healthy eating habits and physical activity is also emphasized in the study. Vaccines play a critical role in child health. Childhood vaccines, vaccination programs and the effects of vaccination on public health were also evaluated in this study. In addition, issues such as opposition to vaccination are also included in the scope of the study. Psychological health was also considered as an important issue within the scope of the study. Common problems in children include depression, anxiety disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Symptoms and treatment of these problems and the importance of early intervention were mentioned in the study. Physical development is recognized as an integral part of child health. In terms of physical development, issues such as proper nutrition, exercise, sleep patterns and monitoring of children's growth and development processes were also discussed and evaluated. The impact of health policies and health services on children, various problems regarding the accessibility, quality and scope of services for child health and suggestions for improvement are included in the study. Method: G20 countries are analyzed in detail. All analyses were conducted with SPSS v17.0 (SPSS Science, Chicago, IL, USA) and Eviews 18.0. When calculating statistical differences between groups, p<0.05 was taken into consideration. ANOVA and Man Whitney u and Kruskal Wallis were used to determine whether there were differences between the groups. Conclusion: It is among the findings of the research that there are various health problems for children in many developed, developing and underdeveloped countries of the world. Especially in underdeveloped and developing world countries, it is among the findings that there are multifaceted health problems for children that arise due to the population growth rate.

A future vision for developing the reality of sports privatization for the Olympic ‎Federations for the Iraqi

The aim of the research is to obtain the best vision for the development of the reality
 of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. And the community was able before with members of an administrative body and a staff) members of an administrative body, where the percentage (5%) was chosen randomly from the Olympic sports federations and the number of (20) members of the administrative body divided into (10) members for the stability sample and (10) for the exploratory sample randomly. exist
 There are many problems in finding a clear vision for the application of sports privatization in the Olympic sports federations. The lack of a culture of sports privatization among the Olympic athletes. There is no strong infrastructure adopted for the privatization of sports in the Olympic sports federations. The strategic vision was to work on creating the necessary environment to provide fertile ground for the implementation of sports privatization in the Iraqi Olympic sports federations. Work on attracting highly qualified and experienced specialists in the field of sports privatization. The need to open up with the developed world countries in order to help develop the work of the Iraqi Olympic sports federations

Cybersecurity and Country of Origin: Towards a New Framework for Assessing Digital Product Domesticity

Recent events concerning the Kaspersky anti-virus software in the UK and the Android operating system in the US have highlighted the significance of the domesticity of digital products for national cybersecurity, and the importance of establishing the origin of digital products has been further brought into focus by the war in Ukraine and China’s military activities around Taiwan. Digital products can contain hardware components, software elements, embedded systems, and data, and determining the country of origin (COO) in these circumstances is problematic. The aim of this research, and its main contribution, is to provide an operational framework for the application of the COO concept to address this problem. Using an inductive research methodology based on semi-structured interviews and an online survey, a 19-parameter framework for assessing the COO of digital products is developed and then applied to the case example of a mobile phone import in Turkey. This article concludes that new processes and policies are urgently required to enhance the cyber and information security for digital products, aid domestic digital technology production, and support the transition to recyclable technologies. Such developments are of significance not only for western nations concerned with data and security issues, but also for developing world countries trying to develop their own domestic digital product manufacturing capabilities. This is also of relevance to the computer end-user, who would benefit from greater clarity on the origin of digital products ahead of a purchase decision.

THE CURRENT SITUATION AND FUTURE TRENDS OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN MONGOLIA

It might be determined that "Evaluation of Social Media" is the process of world globalization and development of civilization, which is entirely changing principles of the relationship between individual and society, updating into the innovative stage of exploration, procession, and use of information, and completely changing the typical ideas of traditional behavior of people's living and socializing, and creating extraordinary new impacts. Otherwise, the evaluation of media is a vital impact on the development of social relations for civilization. The roles of social rose a year to year and the growth of 2000 - 2021 reached 64 percent (Table1) the scope and impacts of which are increasing a lot. If people can properly use Social Media and obtain good skills on adequate use in the current society, "Social Media" enables a lot of unpredictable active good opportunities of participating in active social life to express own opinions and activity freely despite space and time, expand business activities, improve education, and find like-minded people and combine efforts. The main standard of development of world countries is the relationship between individual and society, the use of Information Technology and Social Media. Without humans, there is no information vs. without information, there is no society. Currently, Social Media tools are the key bridge for social existence, development, and relations.

A Developing World Rejoinder to Children’s Rights, Deinstitutionalisation and the Development of Foster Care

Harlow (Practice: 1–13, 2021) argued for the development of foster care world-wide, potentially funded through the closure of residential institutions. This rejoinder highlights a selective literature review in these arguments, along with comparative research challenges. Social work career paths rarely traverse between family case work and residential or looked after care practices, thereby influencing professional perspectives. Assumptions about universal access to primary and secondary education in the Developing World are unfounded, as are assumptions about availability of community health and welfare services in local communities world-wide. Because residential care homes are largely operated in Developing World countries by local benefactors or rely on donations with little, if any, support from the state, it follows that closure of children’s homes will not release funds for the support of families and foster care. Cross-cultural, and religious differences require careful consideration to account for meanings, use and acceptability of Western notions of foster care operating in the Developing World as well as in multi-cultural UK cities.

АНАЛІЗ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ДОСВІДУ ПЕРЕДАЧІ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ВІД УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ ДО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

The article seeks to explore best international practices of innovation technology transfer from higher education institutions to business environment from the position of an expanded approach to understanding the concept of "technology transfer" in world practice which is used to cover a wider range of activities (in particular, through boosting technology transfer practices in universities as a separate activity type within the traditional knowledge triangle: education – research – business. In this context, technology transfer is viewed as a process of knowledge exchange, including consultancy, joint research, contract-based research as well as other forms of joint new knowledge creation. The study offers insights into best practices in the four top 20 world countries by the highest payment rates for the use of intellectual property which contributes to better understanding of the pathways to develop an effective system of technology transfer in Ukraine. It is argued that Ukrainian universities should create targeted centres for technology transfer with government support and implement best international experience of building similar systems in the developed countries (USA, Japan, France, Spain, etc.). The research findings have revealed that in most developed world countries with the highest royalty rates for the use of intellectual property, the best way to ensure an effective technology transfer is to create an organisational network where at a regional or at the national level a centre is established that accumulates not only financial and human resources but also generates information database and accumulates best practice to enhance and spur the effective commercialization of university R&D. In the context of the key strategic guidelines in technology transfer development for Ukrainian universities, it is suggested they should focus on the following priorities: promoting innovation research and development to respond to market demands; establishing research centres and science parks; increasing the motivation of academic staff for more active research and startup project engagement following the principle of "education through research", as well as the creation of a full-service centre that will carry out a full cycle of activities to support research commercialization, both in universities and at the government level.

THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF REGULATION OF ACTIVITY OF THE FOOD MARKET

The main directions of regulation of the activity of the food market in modern economic conditions are considered in the article. The study of the issues related to the food problem in the article shows that, the process of strengthening the differences in the level of economic development between countries, monopolization of international markets and inequality processes of development factors are observed in modern market economy condition. Population around the world began to grow and forming a shortage of food products. This problem is becoming more global. From this point of view, it should be noted that the political and economic impact of developed countries are intensified under the globalization processes. The analysis shows that the processes of limiting the possibility of meeting the demand of the population for food products by local sources in the globalized world are causes with negative results. This process also has a serious impact on economic security. Food security is an integral part of the state's national security system and creates favorable conditions for the stable life of society. The article shows that the food market also serves members of society and the provide growing demands of the population for food products. The efficient formation of the food market creates favorable conditions for the protection of economic viability of producer and consumer segments, as well as expansion of relations between the city and the village. Based on the analysis of the article, it was concluded that the activity of the food market must be regulated by the market mechanism with experience of developed world countries. For to achieve efficient operation of the food market must be regulate the food market through legal and economic mexanizms by the state. The food market should be provide as the main guarantor of social stability in society. At the same time, in article identified the current problems related to the regulation of the activity of the modern food market, and also put forward proposals and recommendations for their elimination.

Comparative study for Environmental Impact Assessment in Environmental Iraqi and Saudi legislation

Countries are developing the spatial development of their societies through the projects that they undertake in various ways, and this development may be cause great impact on the environment, which also depend on the type of development, whether industrial, agricultural, or service and after the problems that occurred as a result of development on the environment, most of the countries currently did to legislating laws Environmental and some other procedures before granting environmental approvals for the purpose of establishing spatial development projects. One of the most important of these laws and regulations is Environmental impact assessment (EIA). The environmental impact assessment in Iraq consider is modern with a comparison with the legislation in the developed world countries. The research problem is the presence of gaps and weaknesses in the law of environmental impact assessment in comparison with regional or global environmental laws, the research hypothesis supposes that regional laws for instance Saudi Arabia are more sobriety and technical instructions than Iraqi regulations. After studying laws and regulations we found that the environmental impact assessment was initiated only as an item within the Law of Protection and Improvement of the Environment in Article Ten of the Law for the Protection and Improvement of the Environment No. 27 of 2009. It does not include the sustainability principles or their detailed methods or the steps of the environmental impact assessment used internationally. The research summarized the most important recommendations that the departments (decision-makers) should follow the procedures and steps for environmental impact assessment and follow a clear methodology, in addition to legislating a special law and special instructions attached to regulations and forms that are studied in detail and covering all environmental, economic and social aspects.

Strategic priorities of social production digitalization: world experience

Strategic priorities of social production digitalization: world experience

МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ЩОДО ОЦІНКИ ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ КРАЇН СВІТУ: РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ДЛЯ УКРАЇН

In the article the principles of improving the quality of life of the population of Ukraine were analyzed, a method of calculating the quality of life of the population of the world was developed. The solution of the tasks was carried out with the use of general scientific research methods: abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization, formalization, as well as special methods of analysis: structural, statistical, logical. The authors have analyzed the state of factors influencing the quality of life of the population of Ukraine: purchasing power index, safety index, health care index, cost of living index, property price to income ratio, traffic commute time index, pollution index, climate index, GDP by PPP per capita in international dollars, rating of political and civil liberties, life expectancy at birth, unemployment rate, gender equality index. General recommendations for improving the condition of these factors and priority areas have been identified. The general approaches to development of methods of calculation of quality of life of the population of the world countries are defined. A method for calculating the quality of life of the population has been developed: 5 indicators that have a positive impact on the quality of life and 5 indicators that have a negative impact on the quality of life of the population have been identified; mentioned weights of each of these indicators. The Index of Quality of Life of the Population of Ukraine, neighboring countries and developed world countries was calculated according to the developed calculation method, the obtained results have been compared with the Numbeo Quality of Life Index.

INEQUALITY IN THE HOUSEHOLD INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN UKRAINE

Currently Ukrainian economy is characterized by an unstable situation caused by the political and economic situation in the country, as well as a by the pandemic, which led to irregularity in the population income distribution, which further affected consumption and its volume. The article examines irregularity in the distribution of household’s incomes. The research analysis reveals that there have been positive changes in the structure of cumulative income of urban and rural households in Ukraine recently. To put it more precisely, there is an increase in the share of wages, transfer payments in the form of benefits and subsidies and income from business activities along with the specific natural incomes and pensions decrease. However, factual statistical information contradicts the realities of our lives. Their structure in 2020 was analyzed and the share of wages in the household incomes formation is calculated. Indicators of socio–economic irregularity (Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient, decile coefficient) were studied. Compared to the developed world countries, the general level of Ukrainians’ income remains low. The main part of Ukrainian citizens’ income is spent on consumption since they have no opportunity to save. Recently, there has been a decrease in the book income from hired labor, and, therefore, most households conceal their income, which affects living standards and reduces revenues to the state budget. The dynamics of income and expenditure of urban and rural households in 2020 was also analyzed. It was found out that the vast majority of urban and rural households in the country spend their income on consumption and they have no ability to save. The main ways to reduce income inequality are indicated, namely: ending the war in the east of the country; increasing the tax burden for big business and the wealthiest sections of the population; deprivation of the oligarchs’ influence on the government, increase in wages; reducing unemployment; employment growth; reducing the level of corruption; development of small and medium business, creating equal opportunities for all sections of the population in education and health care.

A multidisciplinary forensic analysis of two lightning deaths observed in South Africa

While in-depth studies of lightning deaths can be found in the literature, rarely do such investigations they utilize a multidisciplinary approach, analysing both the medical and electrical aspects of a case. Even more rare, is to find such studies on cases from the developing world such as Africa and South-East Asia - particularly in tropical countries with very high lightning exposure. This paper details the forensic investigation of two lightning deaths that took place during a weekend in February 2020, in South Africa. One event was eye witnessed and the other was not (Case A and B). The investigation involves multidisciplinary forensic examination including case histories, site analysis (including soil resistivity measurements), medical autopsies, lightning location system data analysis and voltage gradient estimations. In both cases, lightning is determined to be the cause of death. In Case A, we confirm that the responsible flash must have attached within close proximity to the deceased, if not a direct strike and in Case B we confirm direct strike as the most probable mechanism of death. The importance of clothing examination in the forensic studies of lightning victims is noted along with a discussion of the lightning safety issues at play, and recommendations for avoiding such incidents in developing world countries.

THE ECO-SOCIO-ECONOMIC LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD COUNTRIES – A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PROPOSAL

The main purpose of the article was to assess the eco-socio-economic development of world countries. For this purpose, the Comprehensive Eco-Socio-Economic Development Index (CESEDI) was proposed and used. The proposed measure is based on a dozen or so indicators recognized and used in the literature for assessing countries in terms of their social, economic and environmental achievements. An attempt was made to include most of the elements necessary for the safe, healthy and happy life of citizens of the studied countries. The article presents world leaders, based on the CESEDI. Moreover, the individual components of the CESEDI and their level in the analyzed countries are presented. It was found, inter alia, that 18 out of 20 countries with the highest CESEDI are European countries. The ranking leaders were highly developed Scandinavian countries (Norway, Denmark, Finland) and Switzerland. The countries of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe (Slovenia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland and Romania) took high positions in the ranking, ahead of such countries as Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan and the United States. Research results indicate that European and South American countries are, on average, more developed in terms of ecological, social and economic development than countries in the rest of the world.

Agricultural production strategies: world experience

Agricultural production strategies: world experience

Starting anew after the COVID-19 Emergency

At the cost of unprecedented suffering to a significant part of our populations, we now realize in many developed world countries, from a health point of view, we do not have adequate infrastructure and public resources for this era and this crisis. How can we address these challenges in the 21st century from a public health perspective? This is what many countries have had to accept and implement in a few weeks in the face of a pandemic that, as we write, promises to rage across the planet in recurring waves of contamination and mutations of the virus. Let us see how and why.