Determiner Research Articles

Activation and local inhibition in the bilingual child’s processing of codeswitching

Codeswitching has been used as a tool to investigate how the properties of the two language systems interact in the bilingual mind with relatively few studies investigating bilingual children. We target two groups of L1-Spanish–L2-English children in Spain to address language activation and language inhibition in the processing of codeswitching between a determiner (DET) and a noun (N). We investigate how the mental representation of the formal features involved is responsible for the sensitivity to grammatical gender, which in turn affects how bilinguals’ language activation and inhibition processes are at play and shape processing. We target both the directionality of the switch (English-DET–Spanish-N vs. Spanish-DET–English-N) and the type of implicit gender agreement mechanism (in the case of Spanish-DET–English-N switches) by using offline acceptability judgment data and eyetracking during reading data. Results suggest lower processing costs of English DET switches and higher ones of non-congruent Spanish DET switches. We interpret the preference for classifying the non-gendered Ns along the lines of the gendered Ns in the gendered language as evidence for the integrated representation hypothesis which states that both Ns depicting the same concept are connected in the mind of the bilingual.

A unified approach to the study of language contact: Cross-language priming and change in adjective/noun order

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The connection between language contact and the bilingual speaker goes back to foundational authors in the field of contact linguistics. Yet there is very little work that combines these two levels in a single study. In this paper, we propose a unified approach to language contact by testing the role of cross-language priming (CLP) on contact-induced change at the level of complex noun phrases (NPs). Design/methodology/approach: We conducted three studies with different types of data. In Study 1, we analyse the Romani Morpho-Syntax database to identify word order preferences in Romani dialects from different countries. In Study 2, we examine a corpus of interviews in Romani from Romania. In Study 3, we conduct an experiment to test short-term priming in adjective (ADJ)/noun (N) order from Romanian to Romani and within Romani. Data and analysis: In Study 1, we examine the word order in approximately 3000 NPs from 119 Romani speakers. In Study 2, we analyse a speech corpus of 9400 words from four elderly Romani–Romanian bilinguals. In Study 3, 90 Romani–Romanian bilinguals participated in a priming experiment. We used multinomial mixed-effects logistic regression, Bayesian models and Random Forests to analyse the experimental results. Findings/conclusions: Study 1 shows that Romani speakers from Romania stand out for their frequent use of postnominal ADJs. Study 2 confirms these uses in free speech. Study 3 reveals significant CLP effects, whereby speakers favour the use of determiner (DET)–N–ADJ order in Romani immediately following a noun with a suffixed determiner (NDET)–ADJ sentence read in Romanian. Originality: Our study is the first to demonstrate CLP effects in ADJ/N order. Significance/implications: We illustrate a unified approach to language contact by introducing theoretical and methodological advances from the field of bilingualism into the study of contact-induced change.

Properties and Judgment of Determiner Sets

Properties and Judgment of Determiner Sets

Assessment of phonological awareness in children with delayed language development

Objective To study the relationship between language disorders in children and phonological awareness (PA) to identify children with reading difficulties as early as possible. Background PA is an important determiner of success in learning to read and spell. Early speech and early language difficulties are considered to be risk factors associated with future reading difficulties. Children with language difficulties are particularly at risk for poor literacy outcomes. Patients and methods Fifty cases (aged from 5 to 8 years) with delayed language development of average intelligence quotient participated in our study at Phoniatrics unit outpatient clinic in Menoufia University Hospital, from March 2015 to March 2016. They were divided into three groups (A, B, and C) and assessed by Arabic Phonological Awareness Test and Standardized Arabic Language Test. The results of cases were compared with the results of 50 controls matched for age and sex. Moreover, the results of the PA test were correlated with the results of standardized Arabic language test. Results By comparing the performance of PA skills for cases and control in the three age groups, there were significant differences in all skills (P Conclusion Children with specific language impairments require specific therapy that includes explicit focus on PA and letter identification.

Unexpectedness Effect: The Emphatic Determiner with Gradable NPs in Korean

Unexpectedness Effect: The Emphatic Determiner with Gradable NPs in Korean

With or without articles? A comparison of article-like determiners in Estonian and Finnish

In this paper, we compare the use and functions of definite and indefinite article-like determiners in Estonian and Finnish. Our main aim is to explore whether the factors that explain the choice of particular determiner forms are similar in Estonian and Finnish. We use a picture-sequence based elicitation experiment to collect spoken narratives from adult native speakers of Estonian and Finnish, and apply non-parametric tree and forest models to analyze the data. Our findings indicate that number of mention and animacy are important predictor variables in both languages, but their exact effect is divergent. We also find that in Finnish, case of the determiner NP proves to be an important factor, while in Estonian, syntactic role of the NP explains some aspects of determiner form choice. Nevertheless, the overall usage frequency of determiners is modest in the Estonian and Finnish data, and the process of grammaticalizing articles is only in initial stages in both languages. *** Artikliga, artiklita? Eesti ja soome keele artiklilaadsete maaratlejate vordlus Siinses uurimuses analuusime vordlevalt artiklilaadseid definiitseid ja indefiniitseid maaratlejaid eesti ja soome keeles. Eelkoige korvutame eesti keele definiitset maaratlejat see ja soome keele definiitseid maaratlejaid se ja tama ning eesti ja soome indefiniitset maaratlejat uks / yks(i) . Samuti vaatleme eesti keele possessiivpronoomeni oma ning soome 3sg possessiivsufiksi (- nsa/-nsa , -V n ) referentsiaalseid omadusi. Uurimuse pohieesmargiks on selgitada, millised on peamised maaratlejate kasutust mojutavad keelelised faktorid eesti ja soome keeles ning kas need faktorid on keeliti sarnased voi erinevad. Uhtlasi otsime vastust kusimusele, kas eesti ja soome keeles on pohjust raakida maaratlejate grammatisatsioonist artikliteks. Uuritav keelematerjal parineb pildiseeria pohjal kogutud suulistest narratiividest. Uurimuses osales 20 eesti ja 20 soome keele emakeelset konelejat. Narratiivides esinevate viitavate maaratlejaga ja maaratlejata nimisonafraaside (NP) analuusiks rakendasime multifaktoriaalset analuusi (tingimuslikke rekursiivseid otsustuspuid ja tingimuslikke juhumetsasid). Analuusi tulemusel selgus, et ehkki maaratlejate kasutust mojutavad tegurid on eesti ja soome keeles kohati sarnased, esineb ka markimisvaarseid erinevusi. Naiteks eristuvad molemas keeles selgelt esmamainitud referentidele viitavad (seega indefiniitsed) NP-d korduvalt mainitud referentidele viitavatest (seega definiitsetest) NP-dest. Ka referendi elusus on molemas keeles maaratleja valikut mojutav faktor, kuid selle faktori moju on erinev. Kui eesti keeles on referendi elusus oluliseks faktoriks esimesel mainimiskorral ( uks NP viitab pigem elusale referendile), siis soome keeles ilmneb tendents, et elusus maarab hoopis maaratlejate valikut hilisematel mainimiskordadel ( se NP viitab pigem elututele ja tama NP pigem elusatele referentidele). Analuusist selgus ka, et eesti keeles soltub maaratleja see valik suntaktilisest rollist, nimelt mainitakse see NP-dega eelkoige subjekte ja objekte. Soome keeles seevastu on oluline kaane: omaette ruhma moodustavad NP-d ablatiivi voi elatiivi kaandes, milles esineb sageli maaratlejatena lokatiivne adverbiaal. Ehkki eesti ja soome keele maaratlejate kasutus ei ole juhuslik, esinevad maaratlejaga NP-d meie materjalis siiski oluliselt harvemini kui maaratlejata NP-d. Seega on maaratlejate grammatiseerumine artiklites eesti ja soome keeles veel algstaadiumis ning definiitsuse avaldub nii eesti kui soome keeles veel selgelt pragmaatilise, mitte grammatilise kategooriana.

Domain Restriction and the Arguments of Quantificational Determiners

No abstract.

Determiners and (Un)certainty

No abstract.

Lexical Decomposition and Comparative Structures for Japanese Determiners

No abstract.

Semantics of Slavic anaphoric possessive determiners

No abstract.

A Study on Category Establishment of Shape Determiner

본 硏究는 性狀冠形詞의 範疇와 目錄을 設定하는 데 目的을 두고, 先行硏究에 나타나는 性狀冠形詞 목록 33字의 先行 成分을 3音節 漢字語를 중심으로 冠形詞와 接頭辭를 구분하는 기준을 제시하여 先行 成分의 意味 把握하여 性狀冠形詞의 範疇 및 目錄을 확정했다.<BR> 그 결과 3音節 漢字語 先行 成分 중에서 接頭辭로 분류할 수 있는 것은 ‘가(假), 대(大), 명(名), 부(副), 생(生), 신(新), 정(正), 준(準), 진(眞), 초(超)’, 接頭辭나 冠形詞도 아닌 語根은 ‘고(高), 공(公), 급(急), 단(短), 사(私), 소(小), 숙(熟), 악(惡), 완(緩), 저(低)’, 接頭辭이면서 語根인 것은 ‘호(好), 평(平)’, 接頭辭이면서 冠形詞인 것은 ‘순(純), 장(長)’, 語根이면서 冠形詞인 것은 ‘단(單), 만(滿)’이며, 마지막으로 冠形詞로만 쓰인 것은 ‘구(舊), 근(近), 동(同), 신(新), 약(約), 이(異), 주(主)’이다. 그러므로 先行硏究에서 선정했던 目錄 33字 중에서 性狀冠形詞로 볼 수 있는 것은 ‘구(舊), 근(近), 단(單), 동(同), 만(滿), 순(純), 신(新), 약(約), 이(異), 장(長), 주(主)’ 등이다.

THE USE OF ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS IN READER’S DIGEST

ABSTRACT This descriptive qualitative study is aimed at identifying and describing the types of free collocations found in the articles of Reader’s Digest. By taking a sample of ten articles from different months for each year since 2003 up to 2012, it was found all the four productive free collocations were in the data. Type 4 (Determiner + Adjective + Noun) was the dominant type (53.92 %). This was possible because the adjective in the pattern included the present participle and past participle of verb as adjectives. The other types have the following percentages (in order of the highest level to the lowest level): Type 1 (33.40 %), Type 2 (10.06 %), and Type 3 (2.62 %). The largest number of free collocations was found in the book of Feeding My Fashion (13.48 %). The data analysis also indicates that all the articles contain free collocations. As free collocations are abundant in text, it is suggested that this grammatical construction be introduced as part of strategy to master English. Keywords: Semantics, Collocations, Reader’s Digest

تعیین میزان قندهای احیاءکننده در سیب زمینی با استفاده از گلوکزیاب دستی و مقایسه آن با روش آنزیمی

In order to estimate the reducing sugar in tubers of potato by using a manual Glucose determiner, an experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with three replications. In this research reducing sugar of four cultivars of potato – Agria, Sante, with two methods: enzymatic and a manual Glucose determiner. The results Picaso and Kizer – that maintained in two temperatures of germinator, 3 and 7.5oC, were measured indicated that there was no significant difference between determinated glucose by using a manual Glucose determiner and enzymatic procedure, but there was a significant difference between determinated glucose by using a manual Glucose determiner and total reducing sugar measured by enzymatic procedure. The effect of maintenance conditions on glucose content and total reducing sugar in both procedures was significant and treatments that were maintained at higher temperatures had less sugar. The effect of cultivar on glucose content and total reducing sugar in both procedures was significant and in temperature 3oC, Agria and Sante had the highest sugar content, but in temperature 7.5oC, there was no significant difference among reducing sugar content of four cultivars. Keywords: Potato, Enzymatic procedure, Reducing sugars, Glucose

Hacia una semántica computacional de las anáforas demostrativas

Version:1.0 StartHTML:0000000267 EndHTML:0000003569 StartFragment:0000002583 EndFragment:0000003533 SourceURL:file://localhost/Users/raquelpalopbenlloch/Documents/PAPERS/CONFERENCIAS%202008-2009/PAPER%20PROJECT%20Linguam%C3%A1tica/Paper%20Linguam%C3%A1tica.doc Demonstratives exhibit a dual nature with respect to their discourse behavior. On the one hand, they behave as directly referential elements commonly accompanied by a pointing gesture in their canonical use. On the other hand, speakers make use of demonstratives to refer to a range of entities that have been previously mentioned in discourse (discourse anaphora), such as events, propositions or any other type of abstract entities apparently lacking any kind of spatio-temporal anchoring. In this paper, we propose a characterization of Spanish demonstrative determiners and pronouns as generalized quantifiers, which will allow us to account for their heterogeneous referential nature and the principal differences among these elements.

Congruences for rs(n) modulo 2s

We determine r s ( n ) modulo 2 s when s is a prime or a power of 2. For general s , we prove a congruence for r s ( n ) modulo the largest power of 2 dividing 2 s .

Determiners and (Un)certainty

No abstract.

The category DP in Xhosa and Northern Sotho

This article investigates the morphosyntactic realisation of definiteness in Xhosa and Northern Sotho, representative of African languages, characterised respectively by the presence and absence of a noun class preprefix (i.e. initial vowel). The Minimalist theory (Chomsky, 1995) is employed as theoretical framework for the study. It is argued that definiteness in these African languages is realised morphosyntactically by the definite morpheme (l)a- which typically occurs as stem of the demonstrative, and which also appears in the inflectional morphology of nominal modifiers such as the adjective, nominal relative and verbal (clausal) relative. It is proposed that the definite morpheme -a- is a functional category Det(erminer) that heads argument Determiner phrases (DPs) dominating an NP. Evidence for this view is invoked from a range of definiteness phenomena in Xhosa, where the absence of the noun preprefix correlates with the non-occurrence of the definite morpheme -a- in the inflectional morphology of nominal modifiers, and from phenomena relating to the omissibility of the complementiser in relative clause constructions in Northern Sotho.

Centrisms, Noncentrisms, and Universal Q

I will examine a number of current theoretical systems and issues in logic of science. Then I will suggest why it is that Q can serve those systems that have a substantially different logic of science. My analysis will be confined to psychology, for that is the field I know best; but perhaps some of my remarks will have some relevance to other fields as well. I will begin with a scheme that I found useful in a textbook writing project (Smith 2001). This divides theoretical systems into groups. A system’s placement in a group depends on where the locus of causality is placed in the system. If the organism causes its own behavior, the system is organocentric; if the environment causes behavior, it is envirocentric. If the social order is the center of behavior, it is sociocentric. If the system considers organism- environment relationships to constitute causality, I call it noncentric. Both organocentrism and envirocentrism assume linear causality: A causes B. Noncentrism, in contrast, views causality not as a force or determiner or producer of action but merely as a descriptive term for interdependent events, which replace linear causality: that is, it is not that A causes B but rather that A, B, C, and other components are interactional and reciprocal. The four centrisms comprise different assumptions about causality and exhaust the possibilities (unless one adds mysticism or magic), and these could be reduced to three, for sociocentrism is a type of envirocentrism.

The logical form of determiners

L'A. concoit un langage L* , defini comme l'extension d'un langage L de premier ordre, qui traite des proprietes des determinants du langage naturel, tels que les quantificateurs plus que... ou moins que..., comme caracteristiques de leur formes logiques. L'A. montre que ce langage formel rend compte des proprietes telles que l'implication directionnelle ou l'autorisation d'une polarite negative

Determiners as heads

Determiners as heads