Determination Of Pyrogallol Research Articles

Sensitive voltammetry method for analysis of the antioxidant pyrogallol using a carbon paste electrode with CdS nanoparticle

A voltammetry method for the determination of pyrogallol (PY) was developed employing a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with CdS nanoparticle that was synthesized by microwave. The effect of different parameters i.e. time and irradiation power on the morphology and the sample’s particle size have been investigated. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The optimized condition for time and power consumption to prepare CdS nanoparticles was obtained 4 min and 360 W. Cyclic voltammetry study of the modified electrode indicated that the oxidation potential shifted towards a lower potential by approximately 106 mV and the peak current was enhanced by 2 fold in comparison to the bare CPE. The effect of pH and interferences from some inorganic salts and organic compounds were studied. The usability of this method for the quantification of pyrogallol was investigated with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimal conditions, the peak current was proportional to pyrogallol concentration in the range of 7.0 ×10-7 to 3.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 with a LOD of 4.8 × 10-7 mol L-1. These values are satisfactory for application to real samples. Finally, the developed method was successfully used for the analysis of samples.

Assessment of non-aqueous solvents in the electrooxidation of resorcinol, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol and role of co-solvent in determination of pyrogallol with microelectrode voltammetry

Assessment of non-aqueous solvents in the electrooxidation of resorcinol, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol and role of co-solvent in determination of pyrogallol with microelectrode voltammetry

Sensitive voltammetric method for the fast analysis of the antioxidant pyrogallol using a boron-doped diamond electrode in biofuels

A sensitive voltammetric method for the determination of pyrogallol (PY) was developed employing a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDDE). The composition of the supporting electrolyte was investigated during the development of the methodology. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) under the optimized experimental conditions was applied for PY determination with a limit of detection and limit of quantification of 0.85 and 2.82 μmol L−1, respectively. These values are satisfactory for application to real samples. The usability of this method for the quantification of pyrogallol was in range from 2.82 to 296.00 μmol L−1. Finally, the developed method was successfully used for the analysis of real samples of biodiesel produced from rapeseed oil and its blend with diesel fuel. Samples of biodiesel and biodiesel blends were analyzed directly in an electrochemical cell, while samples with very low concentrations of PY in biodiesel were extracted with water using the proposed simple and fast process.

Determination of pyrogallol using continuous flow with chemiluminescence detection

Pyrogallol is determined by means of chemiluminescence at 500 nm which accompanies the oxidation by hydrogen peroxide of autoxidized pyrogallol in the presence of chromium(III) and formaldehyde. Using air-segmented continuous flow analysis, the LOD (3s) was 6.0 × 10–9 mol dm–3 and the calibration was linear up to 10–4 mol dm–3. The method has the potential to be extended to other phenols.

Prospects of using chemiluminescence emission generated during oxidation of pyrogallol with periodate for the determination of pyrogallol with flow injection

The chemiluminescence emission generated during oxidation of pyrogallol with periodate was studied to establish a method for the determination of pyrogallol. In the absence of the sensitising species, formed on mixing pyrogallol with hydroxylamine, the pyrogallol calibration graph was almost linear between 5.0 × 10–5 and 1.0 × 10–3M with a slope of 270 V l mol–1, a relative standard deviation of 3% and a detection limit of 1.0 × 10–5M with the instrumentation used. Interferences were observed from most metal ions and anions. The sensitivity of the pyrogallol calibration graph could be increased to 62 000 V l mol–1 with a detection limit below 1.0 × 10–6M by using sensitising species, but the extent of the linear portion of the calibration graph was shortened. The sensitising species produced on addition of hydroxylamine was shown to be a 1 : 1 condensation product of pyrogallol and hydroxylamine.

The colorimetric determination of pyrogallol with sodium metavanadate in an acetone-water solution

In the determination of pyrogallol with sodium metavanadate, a shallow S-shaped absorption curve was obtained from which two separate linear calibration graphs were established, one for the determination of the lower pyrogallol concentrations (equivalent to 0·1 to 0·3 mg of pyrogallol), the other for the higher concentrations (equivalent to 0·45 to 0·8 mg). The effect of the initial volume, time required, volume of water, metavanadate concentration and the stability of the pyrogallol have been studied. The method was also applied to some other polyhydroxyphenolic compounds for purposes of comparison. Also, the precision and the accuracy of the proposed method are compared with those obtained by the A.O.A.C. method.

Colorimetric detennination of pyrogallol and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol with diphenylpicrylhydrazyl

A colorimetric study was made of the reactions of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the phenols pyrogallol and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol. Both of these phenols were colorimetrically determined by use of DPPH, in the presence of various interferents. It was shown that the determination of pyrogallol and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol was more accurate when absolute ethanol was used than with 95 % ethanol. It was also shown that the best results were obtained when the ratio of phenol to interferent was no greater than 1:1.