Determination Of Heavy Metal Concentrations Research Articles

Determination of heavy metal concentration in African pike (Hepsetus odoe) from Alape River, Southwestern Nigeria

Aquatic ecosystems in Nigeria face significant environmental challenges because of anthropogenic activities, resulting in heavy metal contamination. Fish body weight and length and heavy metal concentrations in African pike (Hepsetus odoe) from Alape River, Igbokoda, Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria, were investigated. Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), and Lead (Pb) concentrations were measured in the gills, intestines, and trunks of the fish over six months (i.e., from May 2022 to October 2022) using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Buck Scientific’s 210VGP). Significant variations in heavy metal concentrations were observed across different months and organs. The order of concentrations for the six months, from highest to lowest, was Fe (2.26 mg/kg) > Ni (0.37 mg/kg) > Cu (0.23 mg/kg) > Mn (0.27 mg/kg) > Pb (0.05 mg/kg) > Cd (0.01 mg/kg). Higher concentrations were generally observed in the gills and intestines in May and June, whereas elevated levels were observed in the gills in September and October. These concentrations were compared with the maximum permissible limits established by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization for fish consumption, and all measured heavy metal concentrations were determined to be below the permissible limits. Body weight ranged from 172 to 362 g, and length ranged from 15.7 cm to 23.5 cm. The regression coefficient (b) ranged from − 0.134 to 0.204, indicating a relatively weak length–weight relationship. The condition factor (K) exhibited variations in the overall health and well-being of the fish. Based on these findings, the consumption of African pike from the Alape River is currently considered safe for humans, regardless of fish size, with all of the heavy metal concentrations within the permissible limits. However, continuous monitoring is crucial to ensure the ongoing safety of aquatic ecosystems and human health.

Determination of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Local and Imported Chicken Meat Found in Hilla Province Markets

This study was carried out in Hilla province, the chicken samples were collected of both local and imported chicken, the concentration of eight heavy metals (iron, copper, zinc, nickel, manganese, cadmium, lead and chromium) were measured in all samples in order to find if the concentrations of these metals were within or exceeded the permissible limit, The samples were analysis by used the Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer. The result show that for iron, copper, Zinc, nickel, manganese, cadmium, lead and chromium the concentrations were ranged from 70.66 - 81.33 ppm, 0.34 - 0.71 ppm, 6.06 - 8.21 ppm , 6.13 - 8.02 ppm, 0.213- 0.51ppm, 0.276 - 0.833 ppm, 0.733 -1.39 ppm and 0.37 - 0.716 ppm respictively . Generally, the highest heavy metal concentration was recorded in Iraqi house breading chicken. While the lowest concentrations of almost all measured heavy metal in Iraqi Farm breed in chickens.

Determination of Heavy Metals Concentration in the Blood Samples of some Farmers at Al-Diwaniyah Governorate/Iraq

Determination of Heavy Metals Concentration in the Blood Samples of some Farmers at Al-Diwaniyah Governorate/Iraq

Вміст важких металів у воді, донних відкладах та рибі водних об’єктів різного призначення Дніпропетровської області

Purpose. Assessment of the dynamics of heavy metal accumulation in water, bottom sediments, and fish of water bodies of different purposes in Dnipropetrovsk region. Methodology. The study on heavy metal contents in water, bottom sediments, and hydrobionts (fish) was conducted at various water bodies (Dnipro-Donbas hydraulic canal), fish ponds (ponds of PrJSC “AgroSoyuz”, PrJSC “Petrykivsky Rybhosp” and PE «Agrofirma «Nakhodka»), and multipurpose reservoirs (Dnipro reservoir, Sholokhivske reservoir) in Dnipropetrovsk region from 2015 to 2024. The determination of heavy metal concentrations (Pb, Cd, Mn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn) was carried out at the laboratory of the Research Center for Biosafety and Environmental Monitoring of Agricultural Resources of Dnipro State Agricultural and Economic University. The metal content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The heavy metal contents were measured in four fish species (European perch, roach, Prussian carp, common carp). Sampling, data processing, and statistical analysis were conducted according to standard hydrochemical, hydrobiological, and ichthyological methods. The heavy metal contents were determined in fish muscles. Water quality was assessed according to general requirements and standards for fishery water bodies. Findings. The heavy metal contents in ecosystems of water bodies of different purposes was determined. In the sediment of ponds of PrJSC “AgroSoyuz” and PrJSC “Petrykivsky Rybhosp”, the heavy metal contents were significantly higher than in water or fish body: manganese within 41.24–68.43 mg/kg, cadmium – 0.32 mg/kg, lead 1.50–4.90 mg/kg (for ponds of PrJSC “AgroSoyuz”); manganese – 29.73 mg/kg, cadmium – 0.54 mg/kg, lead 5.72 mg/kg (for recreational pond of PrJSC “Petrykivsky Rybhosp”). For the water of these ponds, which is used for aquaculture, an excess of the content of some heavy metals – Mn, Zn, Cd - was recorded, and for the pond of PrJSC “AgroSoyuz” also Cu. Exceeding the normative heavy metal content for pond water of PE “Agrofirma “Nakhodka” was not noted. The content of some heavy metals in the water of the upper part of the Dnipro reservoir (Cu, Fe) did not meet the fishery norms. At the same time, the heavy metal contents in water and fish of these water bodies does not exceed the fishery standards for water used for fishery purposes. The heavy metal contents in the water of the upper part of the Dniprovske Reservoir (except for the Samara Bay) corresponded to fishery standards. The water in the Dnipro-Donbas hydrotechnical canal was characterized by high levels of heavy metals. Of the 6 investigated heavy metals, the maximum allowable concentrations were not exceeded only for lead (0.40 mg/dm3) The heavy metal contents in C. carpio muscles (juveniles and table fish) in different ponds of PrJSC “Petrykivskyi Rybhosp” (nursery and fattening) corresponded to fishery standards during the three years of the study (2011, 2015, 2016). In the Sholokhivske reservoir, the zinc content in C. gibelio muscles was 46.50 mg/kg, slightly exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations. Exceedances of copper and lead content were not noted. For fish from the Dnipro reservoir, the content of most heavy metals was elevated. In the meat of pelagic roach (R. rutilus), only copper content was within the normal limits (1.56 mg/kg), while all other 6 heavy metals exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations. In the meat of benthophagous Prussian carp (C. gibelio), elevated levels of accumulation of heavy metals were observed for manganese, iron, lead, and nickel, while zinc, copper, and cadmium content were within the standards. In the meat of European perch (P. fluviatilis), the highest content of heavy metals was observed for iron (80.54 mg/kg), with elevated levels observed for manganese, zinc, lead, and nickel. The obtained results indicate that the hydroecosystem of the Dniprovske reservoir, unlike other water bodies in the region, is significantly polluted with heavy metals. This is adequately reflected in the levels of heavy metal accumulation in the organisms of fish from different ecological groups - pelagic herbivores, benthophagous bottom-feeders, and predators. Originality. For the first time, the content of heavy metal accumulation in water, bottom sediments, and fish of water bodies of different purposes in Dnipropetrovsk region has been carried out over several years (2015–2024). Practical Value. The obtained results have theoretical and practical importance for the preparation of scientific-biological justifications for the fishery use of water bodies of various purposes in the region. Continuous monitoring of the heavy metal contents in hydrobionts is necessary to ensure food safety and the quality of raw materials and food fish products. Keywords: Dnipropetrovsk region, heavy metals, Dnipro Reservoir, Dnipro-Donbas Canal, ponds, Sholokhivske Reservoir, water, sediment, fish, accumulation of pollutants.

Determination of heavy metal concentrations in cultivated soils and prediction of pollution risk ındices using the ANN approach

Determination of heavy metal concentrations in cultivated soils and prediction of pollution risk ındices using the ANN approach

SOIL QUALITY INDEX AT PASIR GUDANG INDUSTRIAL AREA

Soil Quality Index (SQI) is a very useful and efficient method for assessing the quality of soil. It is a useful tool for obtaining information on overall quality of soil. Five soil attributes namely acidity (pH), Organic Matter (OM), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), and Electrical Conductivity (EC), have been combined to construct an index to represent the soil quality. Location characteristics were observed during the time of sampling, and it was categorized according to industrial, riverside residential and educational area. From the determination of heavy metals concentration, certain area especially nearby Pasir Gudang industry has recorded heavy metal concentration exceeded the world average value for a few types of heavy metal. Soil quality index at Sg Kim Kim recorded poor quality index whereas the other locations indicated good to average soil quality index.

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Enzyme Embedded Poly Lactic Acid (EPLA) by ICP-OES: Lipase from Candida Rugosa.

Abstract: Enzymes like lipases are essential for catalyzing important reactions in the fields of biotechnology and industrial operations. For quality control and safety evaluations, however, the quantification of these contaminants is crucial because the presence of heavy metals in enzyme preparations can negatively affect their activity and stability. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), a key component of this investigation, is used to measure the levels of heavy metals in lipase enzyme preparations embedded in polylactic acid (PLA). The lipase enzyme being studied comes from Candida rugosa, which is well-known for its considerable industrial applications. According to preliminary findings, the lipase enzyme is successfully protected from external heavy metal pollutants by the encapsulating technique, maintaining its enzymatic activity and stability. The lipase-PLA composite had only minimal quantities of heavy metals, according to the ICP-OES study. The research's conclusions show great potential for the creation of reliable and contaminant-free lipase enzyme preparations, which will increase their suitability for usage in a variety of industrial processes and encourage the use of biodegradable polymers, supporting environmental sustainability. By highlighting the significance of quality control and safety assessment through the determination of heavy metal concentrations, this research contributes to the larger field of enzyme biotechnology. It also highlights the potential of Candida Rugosa lipase implanted in PLA matrices for eco-friendly and sustainable biocatalytic applications in sectors ranging from food and pharmaceuticals to biofuel generation and other biodegradable polymers.

Tavuk Tüyü ve Zeolitin Atıksu ile Muamelesi Sonucu Ağır Metal Konsantrasyonlarının Belirlenmesi

Toksik etkileri nedeniyle ağır metallerin atık sulardan giderimi hem çevre hem de canlı sağlığı açısından oldukça önemlidir. Her yeni gün daha fazla kirliliğin meydana geldiği dünyamızda bu kirlilikleri önleyecek malzemelere her zamankinden daha çok ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu noktada doğal ve ucuz malzemeler olan tavuk tüyü ve zeolit, kendilerine has yapı ve özellikleriyle atık sulardan metal gideriminde önemli avantajlar sergilemektedirler. Bu çalışmayla da atık sulardaki ağır metal kirliliği üzerine tavuk tüyünün ve zeolitin tek başına ve birlikte ne kadar etki edebileceği araştırılmıştır. Giresun’daki Boğacık Deresinden alınan su numuneleri tavuk tüyü ve zeolit ile muamele edilmiştir. Tavuk tüyü ile zeolit malzemesi farklı gramajlarda tek tek ve karışım halinde kolonlara yerleştirilmiştir. Kolondan alınan su numuneleri ICP-MS cihazı ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, zeolit ve tavuk tüyü için değerlendirme yapıldığında; zeolitin, elementleri bünyesinde tutmasında daha etkili olduğu ve adsorplama kapasitesinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüş olup Al, Zn, Fe gibi elementlerin hem tavuk tüyünde hem de zeolitte uzun süre suda bekletilmesi ile adsorplamayı daha iyi yaptığı düşüncesine varılmıştır. Gramaj farklılığının tek başına muamelede tavuk tüyü ve zeolit için etkili olmadığı fakat birlikte kullanımında zeolitin gramajının fazla olması daha iyi adsorplama yaptığı düşüncesini ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Determination of heavy metals concentration in commercial green tea samples by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES)

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages across the world as it refreshes their psychic health rejuvenating them from stress. The aim of the present work is to determine the heavy metals and physicochemical parameters present in green tea (GT) made from major brands available in the local Indian market, more specifically heavy metals Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Selenium (Se) and Zinc (Zn). A total of four samples were investigated with the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). Arsenic concentration was not detected in any one of the samples. Cr concentration was found to be the same in all the samples at a very low concentration of 0.001mg kg-1, Cd concentration varies from 0.04 to 0.07 mg kg-1, Pb concentration varies from 0.03 to 0.08 mg kg-1, Se concentration varies from 0.068 to 0.098 mg kg-1 and Zn concentration varies from 9.45 to 18.16 mg kg-1 respectively and their concentration levels are below the permissible limits of WHO. The concentrations of present anion groups like SO42-, S2-, NO3-, NO2-, PO43- and NH3 in the selected samples were high and might affect the health of the consumers of green tea.

Determination of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Soil and Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicom) from Ajiwa Fadama farms, Katsina State.

The study aimed to determine heavy metals Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb concentration from soil and tomato plants (root stem and fruits) produced from Ajiwa Fadama farm. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable cultivated in Ajiwa fadama sites and is also commonly consumed in Katsina and Nigeria at large. Heavy metal concentrations from soil and tomato plants were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results of heavy metal revealed that lead (Pb) has the highest concentration, followed by Zn, Cu and Ni as the lowest in both soil and plant parts. However, the concentration of all examined heavy metals in the soils and tomato plants was lower than the permissible values approved by FAO/WHO except for lead (Pb), which has a higher concentration above the permissible limits of 0.3 ppm. The findings of this study indicate possible exposure to lead by the consumers in the sampling area. Further studies are recommended to analyze the heavy metals of irrigation water and organic and inorganic fertilizers used

Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Household Dusts in Irbid and Mafraq Cities, Jordan

The objective of this study was to measure the concentrations of selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, and Mn) in house dust collected during the summer and winter seasons from Mafraq and Irbid cities, Jordan. The average concentrations (±SD) of the metals were found to be 66.8 (±22.4), 10.8 (±3.75), 366 (±108), 81.6 (±43.9), 7586 (±4304), and 37.2 (±15.4) mg/kg, for Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cr, respectively, in the summer season. The average concentrations (±SD) of the metals were found to be 92.8 (±65.5), 5.10 (±4.75), 305 (±160), 144 (±163), 5385 (±3812), 27.1 (±15.1), 18.7 (±3.70), 42.2 (±15.1), and 139 (±69.2) mg/kg, for Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, and Mn, respectively, in the winter season. The influence of different heating systems on the concertation of heavy metal was examined by comparing the results obtained in both summer and winter seasons. The concentrations of the metals in this study were compared with those reported by other researchers around the world. This study shows that the significant accumulation of heavy metals in house dust should be considered a serious risk to the health of residents in Mafraq and Irbid cities.

Determination of heavy metals concentration in some sachet water commonly in Abuja Municipal Council, Nigeria

The aim of the study was undertaken to assess heavy metal concentration in some sachet water commonly consumed in Abuja Municipal Council, Nigeria. This was done by measuring heavy metal concentration using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer at the advance chemistry laboratory, Sheda Science and Technology Complex (SHETSCO), FCT, then estimating carcinogenic and non carcinogenic exposure, contamination factor, degree of contamination and pollution load index. The samples were all obtained randomly within Abuja Metropolis. The carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic exposure are far less than 1. The concentration of the heavy metals in sachet water for Cd, Mn, Pb, Cu and Zn are 0.019 mg/l, 0.173 mg/l, 0.219 mg/l, 1.250 mg/l and 0.0760 mg/l respectively. The value of Cd, Pb exceed the recommend standard of 0.01 set by WHO (2008) while the concentration of Mn, Cu and Zn are below the permissible limit of 0.5 mg/l, 2 mg/l and 5 mg/l. The estimated heavy metal risk resulting from exposure to Cd and the estimated concentration of Pb in this study, was higher than the acceptable limit range provided by WHO. This indicates adverse health effects for people who consume sachet water in Abuja municipal council.

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination Levels in Market Gardening Soils Used to Grow Onions (Allium Cepa) in the City of Abéché (Eastern Chad)

The main objective of this study was to assess the level of metal contamination of the soils used in the cultivation of onions in the city of Abéché. Thus, 04 plots were carried out and monitored for a period of five years (05 years). Two traditional plots were chosen in the Arkou site; and two control plots were carried out in the Bagarine site. Soil samples were taken annually (2016 to 2020) after harvesting on a thickness of 0 and 20 cm. In each plot, thirteen (13) samples were taken. After quartering, one (01) representative sample from each plot was retained. The samples were analyzed by optical emission spectrometry at the Food Quality Control Center Laboratory (FQCCL) in Ndjamena. The determination of heavy metal concentrations revealed relatively low levels for Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr and Fe. These levels are generally lower than the reference values ​​for all the plots. Geoaccumulation indices (Igeo) and Contamination factor (Cf) revealed pollution indices. Pb and Cd show contaminations in traditional plots. The correlations (P < 0.05) observed in our study area are positive and significant. This study shows that the use of chemical inputs are sources of soil contamination by heavy metals. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(1): 42-53.

Simultaneous determination of heavy metal concentrations and toxicities by diffusive gradient in thin films containing Acinetobacter whole-cell bioreporters (Bio-DGT)

Heavy metal contaminations may cause severe toxic impacts to ecological systems and human health. Measurements of metals' bioavailable concentrations and toxicities simultaneously and in-situ in environments can advance the understanding of their hazardous effects. The diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) is an in-situ technique can measure metal speciation and labile concentrations, but cannot yet provide the direct toxicity information. The whole-cell bioreporter Acinetobacter baylyi ADPWH_recA was successfully incorporated into the DGT device to develop a novel technique, Bio-DGT, for assessing the toxicity of metals at the same time of measuring their labile concentrations. The bioassay used in Bio-DGT can sense the mixture toxicity from multiple contaminants and the DGT can assist in identifying which toxicants may be causing the toxicity. Cadmium was used as the model metal to test the performance of Bio-DGT in waters and soils. The masses of Cd accumulated in Bio-DGT increased linearly and theoretically with time for 7 days deployment, indicating little influences from bioreporter cells on DGT performance. A positive relationship between bioluminescent signals towards Cd demonstrated the sensitive and active bioreporters' response. The sensitive of Bio-DGT, indicated by Cd concentrations causing the response, is 0.01 mg/L. The stable response from Bio-DGT under various conditions (pH 4–8, ionic strengths 0.01–0.5 M) and 30 days storage time suggest the applicability of the technique in real environments. The deployment of Bio-DGT in contaminated soils demonstrated that Cd toxicity was regulated by labile concentration, showing its potential application for the risk assessment of heavy metal contaminations, and its further feasibility in using Bio-DGT for measuring integration of multiple contaminants’ effects and simultaneously determine the main toxicity driver(s).

Determination of heavy metal concentrations and soil samples of Betula pendula and Populus tremula in Nemrut Crater Lake

The concentrations of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As heavy metals and the heavy metal accumulation levels of these plants were determined in Betula pendula and Populus tremula trees, which are the characteristic trees of Nemrut Crater Lake, the second largest crater lake in the world, and the soil samples surrounding them. Heavy metals are considered to be one of the most dangerous and priority pollutants due to their high persistence and toxicity to plant and animal life in the environment. For this reason, the results obtained will contribute to the studies carried out to determine the uptake of heavy metal pollutants in the environment and the self-healing effort of the polluted environments by applying the phytoremediation method.

Seasonal changes and determination of heavy metal concentrations in Veshaw river of the Indian western Himalaya

Trace elements are a major pollutant in the river water and these pollutants are present in all components of the ecological system. Since time immemorial, the River Veshaw has been one of the important sources of water and has shaped the cultural and social values in the Kashmir Valley. This study was conducted in rural parts of South Kashmir in the Western Himalaya from February to January 2020–2022. The river Veshaw provides various ecosystem services to the local communities as well as in the upper and lower stream regions in the form of many direct and indirect ecosystem services. The river is polluted by human waste from both rural and urban communities, as well as by agricultural runoff and effluent discharges from a variety of industrial activities due to its proximity. Effluent that makes it to the river contains a variety of pollutants, some of which are trace elements that accumulate in the local ecosystem, killing off plants and animals and reducing biodiversity. Trace element levels in water and sediment were found to follow the trend as: Sangam > Khudwani > Kulgam > Nihama > Aharbal > Kingwattan. The dominance pattern of heavy metals in water was Pb > As > Cd. The overall trend showed a downward trend of heavy metals, indicating the effect of land area drainage and anthropogenic activities on the stream water. The dominance pattern of heavy metals in water was Pb > As > Cd. Heavy metals were not detected in the middle and upstream sites. The average levels of heavy metals were highest at Downstream (Sangam), with values of Cd, Pd ad As 0.0054, 0.038 and 0.038 mgL-1. This shows that land drainage and human activities have an effect on the water in the stream.

Determination of heavy metals concentration in water and sediment of river donga, Taraba state

This research was carried out to ascertain the heavy metals concentrations in water and sediments from River Donga upstream and downstream was investigated for a period of three months (October to December). The Result showed heavy metals concentrations were higher in sediments compare to water during the study period while downstream values were generally higher compare to upstream. Result for mean concentration of heavy metals variations in water and sediment varied significant (p>0.05) based on the two sampling locations upstream and downstream. The heavy metals concentration in water and sediments was examined using atomic absorption spectrophometer (AAS) Bulk scientific Model 210VGP. Concentrations ranking profile was found to be Zn >Ni>Pb >Cr>Cd. The maximum mean concentration of Zn recorded in the sediment was 0.700 mg/kg while the lowest value of 0.029mg/kg was recorded for Pb at the two locations while for water value (0.200 mg/l) were observed for Zn, Ni, and Cr in the months of October November and December respectively. The lowest value of 0.014mg/1 at both locations was recorded for Cr. Data for Cr, Ni, Pb. Pb were generally low throughout the study period. Zn concentrations in water at the sampled locations (upstream and downstream) throughout the study periods showed no significant difference (p>0.05). However, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni show variations (p

Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Soil and Plant and Evaluation of Bioconcentration Factor at Loumbila Market Gardening Perimeters, Burkina Faso

Agricultural soil quality deterioration resulting from an increase in the level of heavy metals is becoming more and more pronounced, thus raising the question on the safety status of human health and the environment. Determination of heavy metal concentration in soils and plants from Loumbila market gardening (Burkina Faso), and calculation of bioconcentration factor were undertaken. The heavy metals such as copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) were measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer, model PERKIN ELMER AANALYST 200.
 In the soil where the pepper was grown, the concentration of chromium was 175 mg/kg, which is higher than the concentration limit which is 150 mg/kg. Also the concentrations of lead in the soils of onion (118 mg/kg), green bean (118 mg/kg), carrot (178 mg/kg) and pepper (135 mg/kg) were above the limit which is 100 mg/kg. The concentrations of chromium in Onion leaves (3.72 mg/kg), onions (4.65 mg/kg), lettuce (4.89 mg/kg), green beans (5.89 mg/kg) and bell peppers (3.56 mg/kg) were concentrations above the limit established by the FAO/WHO, which is 2.3 mg/Kg. The concentrations of lead in carrot, onion leaf, onion, lettuce, green bean and bell pepper were above the limit proposed by FAO/WHO.
 The bioconcentration factors show that the onion leaf (0.731), onion (0.929), lettuce (0.876), green bean (0.987) and bell pepper (0.858) are the plants that accumulate zinc and the carrot (0.524) accumulates nickel. The bioaccumulation of the metals in the vegetable from Loumbila market gardening decreased in the order of onion > lettuce > green bean > bell pepper > onion leaves > carrot.

Determination of trace metals in vegetables using ICP-MS

Determination of trace metals in vegetables using ICP-MS

Determination of Heavy Metals Concentration in Water and Soil at Various Locations in Lahore and their Harmful Impacts on Human and Plants life

Heavy metals poisoning of soil and water has resulted from industrial expansion in Lahore, Pakistan, creating a significant environmental hazard. As a result, monitoring the contamination of soil and water around industrial sites is critical. The fact that higher concentrations of heavy metals have a negative influence on both plants and human life and this cannot be ignored. Higher heavy metal concentrations have a direct impact on human health due to their presence in drinking water. Consumable plants and vegetables cultivated in these polluted areas may collect higher concentrations of heavy metals from soil and water via the phytoremediation process. Its worth mentioning that the accumulation of toxic metals in edible plants and vegetables also has a direct negative impact on human and animal health. The purpose of this study is to find the heavy metals concentration in the soil and ground water in the Lahore area. Five industrial zones were evaluated for water and soil throughout the research period of December 2021 to January 2022 (pre-monsoon). pH and heavy metals content measurements were performed on the collected soil and water samples. We discovered that the water had a higher pH and that the soil was heavily contaminated with significantly higher concentrations of toxic heavy metals. According to the research, there is a gangrenous influence of pollution caused by industrial waste and the surrounding environment on soil and water resources, which affects living creatures. Keywords: Environmental Pollution, Heavy Metal, Pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution