Determinants Of Oral Health-related Quality Research Articles

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among adolescents

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among adolescents

Determinants of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Older People with Diabetes Mellitus: A Secondary Analysis of the 8th Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) Dataset

Purpose : This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the factors that influence the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) using the 8th Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) dataset. Methods : This secondary analysis utilized the 8th KLoSA dataset from 2020, with a study sample of 1,144 older adults with DM. Dependent variable: OHRQoL; independent variables categorized into socio-demographic, oral health-related, and health-related characteristics. Complex Samples General Linear Model and Bonferroni correction in IBM SPSS/Win 26.0 were employed for assessing factors influencing OHRQoL. Results : The average OHRQoL was 33.96±0.28 points out of 60. Factors influencing OHRQoL included subjective health status (good: t＝3.00, p＝.003; moderate: t＝4.38, p＜.001), wearing dentures (yes) (t＝ -2.89, p＝.004), having heart disease (t＝-2.50, p＝.013), having arthritis (t＝-2.19, p＝.028), and experiencing depression (t＝-4.28, p＜.001). These factors explained approximately 20% of OHRQoL in older adults with DM. Conclusion : To enhance OHRQoL in older adults with DM, it is crucial to consider psychological factors such as depression in the development of continuous oral health management programs. Additional factors to consider include effective denture management and chronic disease conditions.

Determinants of oral health-related quality of life and its affecting factors in preschool children: Cross-sectional study

Background: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is the main aspect of children’s oral health. In this study, it was intended to explore OHRQoL and its pertinent factors in pre-school children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was directed on 352 mothers with children (aged 3–5 years) based on stratified random sampling in health centers in Tabriz, Iran. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire completed by the caregiver, which includes socio-demographic data, OHRQoL (13 items), caregiver-reported children’s oral health status, and tooth brushing. The one-way ANOVA, independent samples t test, and linear regression were applied to define the predicators of OHRQoL using SPSS 16 at 95% significance level. Results: Mothers’ mean age was 31.5 (SD=4.9). It was 4.1 (SD=0.82) for children. According to the results, the majority of the mothers (88%) were homemakers and 25% had higher education. The mean (SD) of OHRQoL was 18.8 (7.9) out of 65. The items most related to OHRQoL were feeling guilty (25%), dental pain (35%), and difficulty eating (14.8%). According to the results of multiple regression, OHRQoL had significant relationship with economic status (P=0.046), caregiver-reported children’s oral health status (P=0.0001), children’s frequency of tooth-brushing (P=0.001), and their age (P=0.0001). In total, these factors described 0.22% of the variance in children’s OHRQoL. OHRQoL did not have a statistically significant relationship with mothers’ education level or children’s gender. Conclusion: According to the findings, the key predictor of OHRQoL was children’s oral health status, tooth brushing, and age. Effective educational interventions could be designed based on these predictors to improve the OHRQoL of children.

Dental caries and family expenditures as determinants of oral health-related quality of life in children, in Gamping, Sleman, and Yogyakarta

Inadequate oral health conditions would prevent children from participating in normal activities, which in turn would lead to changes in the children’s development and well-being. The aim of the study was to know whether dental caries and family expenditure are associated with quality of life related to dental and oral health among children aged 10–12 years. This study was conducted using observational quantitative with cross-sectional design. The research respondents were 126 students (n= 126) aged 10–12 years who were attending elementary school in Gamping Subdistrict, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The respondents were selected based on proportional random sampling by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality of life related to dental and oral health assessment was done using CPQ11-12 ISF-16 version regarding their dental caries status (DMF-T) and family expenditure. The results of this study, based on Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that dental caries status and family expenditure were significantly correlated with quality of life related to dental and oral health (p = 0.013 and p = 0.001). The findings of multiple regression analysis suggested significant effects of family expenditures and caries status on quality of life related to dental and oral health (p = 0.001 and p = 0.037) and R2 = 0.161. Lower dental caries was associated with better quality of life related to dental and oral health. Higher family expenditure was associated with better quality of life related to dental and oral health. Dental caries status and family expenditure contributed to 16.1% of quality of life related to dental and oral health.

The severity of facial burns, dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral hygiene impact oral health-related quality of life of burns victims in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundA burn to the face and neck area leaves a visible scar that impacts the victims physically and psychologically. This report was aimed to examine the factors associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with a facial burn injury.MethodsPatients with facial burn who attended the Burn Care Centre in Islamabad, Pakistan were systematically and randomly invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. They underwent extra- and intra-oral examinations and, completed self-administered instruments in the Urdu language. The severity of disfigurement, dental caries experience (DMFT), periodontal disease (CPI) and oral hygiene (OHI-S) statuses were assessed. The validated instruments collected information relating to sociodemographic background, oral health behaviours, OHRQoL and satisfaction with appearance (SWAP). Information relating to the time of the incident, cause and severity (type, TBSA) of the burn were obtained from medical records. The OHRQoL prevalence of impact and severity measures were derived and analysed using simple and multiple, logistic and linear regression.ResultsA total of 271 patients had participated in the study. The OHIP-14 prevalence of impact was 94% with mean severity score = 37 unit (sd = 8.5). The most impacted domains were physical pain (87%), psychological disability (87%), social disability (85%) and physical discomfort (83%). The main determinants of oral health-related quality of life were poor clinical oral conditions - particularly caries, and severity deformity. Other risk factors included poor oral health behaviours, psychological distress and longer time elapsed since the incident, and sex (p < 0.05).ConclusionDental caries, the severity of the facial deformity, oral health behaviour and time are associated with oral health-related quality of life of patients with facial burns. Oral health behaviour improvement can lower the risk of developing dental problems and oral health-related quality of life impact.

Determinants of oral-health related quality of life and overall quality of life among early adolescents with type-1 diabetes.

To identify determinants of oral health-quality of life (OHRQoL) and its association with overall quality of life (QoL). Cross-sectional analytic study. Predictors variables were selected based on Wilson and Cleary's model for patient outcomes including individual factors and socioeconomic status (SES) to represent environmental and clinical/biological factors. 444 children aged 11 to 14 years. OHRQoL and overall QoL. Data were analysed using univariate correlation coefficients and structural equation modelling. The initial path was analysed for the goodness-of-fit. The level of significance adjusted at 5% and 95% confidence intervals. In the final model, sense of coherence (SOC) and dental coping behaviour displayed direct and indirect effects on OHRQoL and QoL. Gingival condition and metabolic disease control displayed bidirectional effects on overall QoL. SES was directly and indirectly associated with OHRQoL. The fit of final model indicators was CFI = 0.99, GFI = 0.99. AGFI = 0.68, TLI = 0.97, RMSEA =0.03, χ² = 13.25, and χ²/d.f. ratio = 1.43 (p ⟩ 0.05). Enhancing the SOC and SE of early adolescents with T1DM may improve their oral-health related quality of life and overall quality of life.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Determinants in the Elderly from a Costa Rican Day Center: Findings of a Pilot Study

The change in the demographic distribution of Costa Rica establishes the elderly as a public health priority. Oral health is a multidimensional indicator, which includes biological, social, and psychological dimensions. Besides using measures of morbidity and mortality, different indicators seek to approximate other subjective dimensions. There is an increasing interest in analyzing the role of quality of life on health. This study aims to identify the main determinants of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQL) in the elderly attending a day center in the city of Desamparados (San José, Costa Rica). This is a descriptive cross-sectional study ran between 2018 and 2019. OHRQL was measured via the General / Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). As independent variables, sociodemographic, socioeconomic, morbidity, health behaviors, and drug consumption were included. Bivariate analyzes were performed using the Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis, and Spearman non-parametric tests, using STATA 14. This study revealed differences in GOHAI scores according to demographic, socioeconomic, morbidity, medication, and health behaviors. Those over 80 years old, women, with higher levels of education, high income, without edentulism, with low levels of xerostomia, people without diseases, who do not take medication, who do not smoke, play sports, do not snack and who consume moderately sugars, are those that report a better OHRQL compared to their counterparts.

Relations between periodontal status, oral health-related quality of life and perceived oral health and oral health consciousness levels in a Turkish population.

This study aimed to evaluate the interrelationship of periodontal status, socio-demographic characteristics, perceived oral health and oral health consciousness levels as well as the impact of these factors on quality of life using a questionnaire and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14) scale. Seven hundred and fifty systemically healthy individuals aged ≥18years referred to a Periodontology Department were included in the study. The OHIP-14 scale and survey were applied to identify socio-demographic characteristics, oral hygiene characteristics, perceived oral health and oral hygiene consciousness levels. Three groups were established based on periodontal status (periodontally healthy [H], gingivitis [G] and periodontitis [P]) determined using periodontal indexes, and the relationship between the above-mentioned factors and periodontal status with quality of life was assessed. Oral health-related quality of life differed significantly by gender, marital status, education level, oral hygiene habits and periodontal status. A statistically significant positive relationship was found between high OHIP-14 scores and unfavourable socio-demographic characteristics, increased severity of periodontal disease, and irregular dental care practices. The perceived oral health and oral health consciousness levels significantly differed due to periodontal status. Periodontal status, gender, marital status, education level, dental care practices, perceived oral health and oral hygiene consciousness levels are important determinants of oral health-related quality of life (Clinical Trial No. NCT03549247).

Determinants of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients on Root Canal Treatment

Introduction: Several determinants directly affect the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of root canal treatment (RCT) patients like knowledge, attitude, perceptions, age, gender, marital status, smoking and pre-exposure history of RCT. This study determined the sociodemographic determinants of OHRQoLamong patients underwent RCT.&#x0D; Methods: This cross-sectional study determiningthe OHRQoL of patients on RCTwas conducted among patients visiting various dental clinics. A self-administered and validated questionnaire comprising of four OHRQoL themes was used to collect the data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) ver. 22.0 was used to analyze the data.One-way ANOVA and independent t-test were used to determine the p-value.&#x0D; Results: For each theme of the OHRQoL research tool, its association was statistically significant with at least one demographic determinant of the RCT patients. A total of 26.3% of the participantswere males and 73.7% were females.Among the RCT patients, 38.5% were single whereas 61.5% were married.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion, a moderately-good level of OHRQoL was observed among the patients on RCT.

Systematic review of the determinants of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among Korean elderly adults

Systematic review of the determinants of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among Korean elderly adults

Behavioural and Sociodemographic Determinants of Oral Health-related Quality of Life Among Adolescents in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

To identify and assess the predictors of oral impacts on daily performance among adolescents in Zanzibar, Tanzania. This was a cross-sectional study among primary school pupils. A single stage cluster sampling design was used. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire which inquired about sociodemographics, oral impacts on daily performance and oral health related behaviours. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 was used for data analysis using chi-squared statistics and standardized logistic regression. The level of significance was set at p ˂ 0.05. A total of 682 pupils aged 12 to 17 years participated in the study. 45.6% of the participants had at least one oral impact, the most common being difficulties in eating (27.9%). Statistically significantly more participants who reported eating between-meal sugared snacks (52.8%) or those who had visited a dentist (55.6%) reported oral impacts on daily performance, compared to their complimentary groups, which did not. The participants who reported having visited a dental clinic were 1.7 times more likely to report having an impact on daily performance than those who had not been to a dentist. The prevalence of oral impacts on daily performance was high among the adolescents in the current study. The oral impacts were associated more with behaviour than social differences. Having had a dental visit influenced the oral impacts on daily performances.

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life among five-year-old children: a multilevel analysis

BackgroundContextual factors may influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual determinants of OHRQoL based on the perceptions of children.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 769 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of northeast Brazil. Parents/caregivers answered questionnaires addressing psychological aspects, sociodemographic data and aspects of the child’s oral health. The children answered the child version of the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for five-year-old children and were submitted to oral examinations. Variables related to the context were obtained from the schools and official municipal publications. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were used to investigate associations between variables.ResultsIn the adjusted analysis, parent’s/caregiver’s schooling, household income, parent’s/caregiver’s age, a history of dental pain, dental caries and its consequences and traumatic dental injury were considered individual determinants of OHRQoL according to the children’s self-reports. After the incorporation of the contextual determinants, the association between parent’s/caregiver’s schooling and OHRQoL lost its significance. Type of school was the context variable that remained associated with OHRQoL.DiscussionBesides the clinical and sociodemographic individual characteristics, characteristics of the school environment in which the child studies are associated with self-reported impacts on OHRQoL.

Contextual and individual determinants of oral health-related quality of life in older Brazilians.

This cross-sectional, population-based study evaluated contextual and individual determinants on the oral health-related quality of life in older Brazilians. Data from the National Survey of Oral Health were used. The sample was selected by multi-stage probability cluster sampling, with probability proportional to size. The Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) was used to evaluate oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Contextual variables of municipalities and individual variables of older people were included. Descriptive, bivariate and multilevel analyses were conducted. Of the sample of 7619 older Brazilians, 45.7% was impacted by at least one of the OIDP items. The item impact average was 1.2 (95% CI 1.04-1.37). The impact on OHRQoL was lower in older Brazilians residents in municipalities with the highest value of the GINI index (contextual variable) (p=0.007), among edentulous people (p=0.001) and dental prosthesis users (p<0.001). This impact was greater among older people of nonwhite skin color (p=0.024), lower family income (p=0.024) and dissatisfied with the oral health (p<0.001). A high prevalence of oral problems impacting OHRQoL in older Brazilians was identified. Furthermore, the impact prevalence was related to a positive situation in contextual determinants and a negative situation for the individual, showing a social inequalities profile in relation to individual determinants.

The roles of contextual and individual social determinants of oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian adults.

This study investigated the relationship between contextual and individual social determinants of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Brazilian adults. Data of 4594 Brazilian adults aged 35-44 years from the 2010 Brazilian Oral Health Survey were analysed. OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP). Contextual socio-economic characteristics at city level assessed in 1991 and 2000 included social deprivation measured by Human Development Index (HDI) and income inequality (Gini index). Individual socio-economic characteristics included family income, schooling and number of goods. Covariates were age, sex, ethnicity and clinical oral measures. Multilevel multivariable Poisson regression analysis was carried to investigate the association of contextual and individual social characteristics with OIDP extent and with each OIDP item. Eating and cleaning teeth were the most reported daily activities influenced by oral conditions. In the adjusted analysis, low HDI 1991 and individual social characteristics (lower family income and lower schooling) were associated with OIDP extent. Sex (females) and all clinical oral measures were also associated with OIDP. Adults living in the cities with low HDI 1991 were more likely to have impact on eating and sleeping, whereas living in cities with high Gini index 1991 increased the prevalence of impact on emotional status, work and social contact. Low income was associated with all OIDP items. Poor contextual social determinants and lower individual socio-economic position are associated with worse OHRQoL among Brazilian adults, even after adjusting for individual socio-demographic and clinical oral health variables.

Determinants of oral health-related quality of life in a cross-cultural German-Canadian sample

The knowledge on the determinants of oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) is still fragmentary. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different socio-economic, behavioral, and clinical variables on OHQoL in a cross-cultural patient sample in Germany and Canada. The study had a cross-sectional design. It was conducted at five examination sites at clinics managed by the Technische Universitat Dresden (Germany) and the University of Alberta (Canada), with the sites representing different cultural and socio-economic variables. Incoming patients satisfying the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were asked to participate. Subjects who had been to a dentist within the last 3 months were excluded to avoid bias related to recent experiences associated with ongoing treatment. OHQoL was measured with the 49-item version of the OHIP (Oral Health Impact Profile) questionnaire (OHIP-49) together with age, gender, attendance and a set of oral health variables. The OHIP questions are organized into seven dimensions: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap. All questions refer to the experiences of the subject in the preceding 12 months. Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate methods were applied in data analysis. Based on the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis, only gender, removable denture wearing, and treatment need in endodontics, surgery, and prosthetics remained as significant explanatory variables in the final model for impaired OHQoL. With the OHIP subscale handicap being the dependent variable, missing anterior teeth (regardless of replacement), treatment need in surgery, and the time of the last dental visit were significant indicators of high – i.e. unfavorable – scores. In this patient sample, impaired OHQoL was associated with several factors. The examination site, however, was not among the explanatory variables in the final models, as had been expected, thus indicating the absence of cross-cultural differences.