Determinants Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Research Articles

COMT Variants are Associated With Breast and Nipple Pain

Estimates suggest that only 24.9% of infants born in 2019 were exclusively breastfed before 6 months of age, despite the known health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. Breast and nipple pain is one of the primary determinants of exclusive breastfeeding. Environmental contributions to breastfeeding success have been reported extensively in the literature, but the contribution(s) of maternal genetics has yet to be discovered. The purpose of the study was to identify an association between pain and lactation-related gene variants with exclusive breastfeeding determinants. We selected 4 genes having single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with potential functional significance in breastfeeding and pain: prolactin receptor (PRLR), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and milk fat globule epidermal growth factor and factor V/VIII domain containing (MFGE8). We performed a cross-sectional secondary analysis of a longitudinal randomized controlled trial study, Promoting Self-Management of Breast and Nipple Pain with Biomarkers and Technology for Breastfeeding Women (NCT05262920). Breast and nipple pain, perceived insufficient milk, and breastfeeding self-efficacy were examined using total scale scores for the Brief Pain Inventory, Visual Analog Scale, H&H Lactation Scale, and the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale-short form, respectively. Of the candidate genes examined, SNPs within COMT were significantly associated with breastfeeding-related outcomes. Specifically, COMT rs4633 and rs4680 minor allele carriers (T, A) reported higher breast and nipple pain intensity than women homozygous for the major allele (C, G). COMT is the most widely researched “pain gene” and has been linked to cold, postoperative, and postpartum pain. This study is the first to identify a contribution of COMT variants to breast and nipple pain and, as a result, to breastfeeding exclusivity. PerspectiveTwo SNPs in the pain gene COMT are associated with breast and nipple pain. Clinically, a minor allele in COMT rs4633 and rs4680 may increase a woman’s rating of moderate breast and nipple pain. Trial registrationPROMPT was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (protocol #NCT05262920).

Assessment of Prevelance and Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers with Infants Aged under Six Months in Wadajir District, Banadir Region, Somalia

Introduction: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that include ending hunger and improving nutrition, preventing child mortality, and lowering the risk of non-communicable diseases, and promoting cognitive development and education are among the many that breastfeeding is essential to achieving including SDG 2, ending hunger and improving nutrition; SDG 3, preventing child mortality. By 2025, the World Health Organization's (WHO) global nutrition targets to increase at least 50% of infants under six months old to exclusively breastfeed (EBF).
 Objective: To assess knowledge, determinants and measure prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among infants aged below six months in Wadajir district, Banadir region- Somalia.
 Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was applied. Systematic sampling method was used to include mothers with infants aged less than 6 months in search of healthcare in Wadajir health center-mother and child health clinic. Study period was August to September 2023. Close ended structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was entered into SPSS, multiple analysis was used to correlate independent variables like cultural barriers, maternal barriers, policy barriers, health system barriers with dependent variable of exclusive breastfeeding.
 Results: The study population comprised 353 mothers; about 65% were aged 25 to 35 years and 76% of them were housewives. The study established that 65% of mothers in Wadajir district who visited the health facility during study period were practicing exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months. On Knowledge, More than half (59%) of the mothers were not aware of the duration of EBF and there was a correlation between EBF and mother education level (P=0.213). there was no relationship between maternal determinants of EBF and low rates of EBF. There was statistically significant correlation (P=0.199) between EBF and the number of pregnancies. Because of having frequent and close pregnancy outweigh EBF and overall breastfeeding, and infant care.
 Conclusion: There is poor knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Wadajir district, Somalia. Maternal education, the number of children, the place of delivery, and the educational attainment were all found to be related to exclusive breastfeeding.

Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers of Infants Less Than Six Months of Age in Mogadishu: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background Breastfeeding is a vital practice for infant health and well-being, with exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first six months being particularly crucial. Despite its benefits, EBF is sub-optimally practiced in many low-to-middle income countries. This study focuses on Somalia, a country with historical political instability and poor health indicators, aiming to identify the prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among women with infants under six months attending SOS Mother and Child Hospital in Mogadishu. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional design was used, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The study sample consisted of 345 mothers, selected using a systematic sampling technique. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess breastfeeding practices and determine factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding prevalence. Result The study found that the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among the study population in Somalia was 44%, influenced by factors such as maternal education, employment, and utilization of antenatal and postnatal care services. Male infants and younger infants had higher odds of being exclusively breastfed. Conclusion and recommendations The study emphasizes the importance of promoting exclusive breastfeeding as the optimal feeding practice for infants in Somalia, highlighting the need for comprehensive health education during antenatal care visits and postnatal counseling. It recommends the development of supportive policies, such as maternity leave and workplace accommodations, along with community-based initiatives and support groups to facilitate and encourage exclusive breastfeeding practices.

SUCESS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AT THE 30TH DAY OF CORRECTED AGE PRETERM INFANTS UNDER KANGOROO CARE


 Objective: Breastfeeding is associated with multiple benefits for preterm infants. Kangaroo care is a strategy geared towards making the aforementioned practice successful. This study examined the rate of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at the 30th day of corrected gestational age (CGA) appointment and the maternal and neonatal factors associated with this outcome in preterm infants assisted by kangaroo care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on very low birth weight (below 1500g) newborns and/or those with gestational age below 33 weeks, born from January 2019 to February 2020 and monitored in the outpatient follow-up. For EBF yes (G1) or no (G2), bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: 87 (100%) patients attended the 30th day of CGA appointment, 43 (49.4%) on EBF, 30 (34.5%) on breastfeeding and 14 (16.1%) on formula only. The median gestational age and birth weight were 31 weeks (29-32) and 1370g (1190-1670), respectively, and 51 (58.6%) patients were female. There was no difference in the bivariate analysis of maternal age, preeclampsia, route of delivery, antenatal corticosteroid use, birth weight, neonatal morbidities, length of hospitalization, chronological age, and anthropometry at the 30th day of CGA between the G1 and G2 groups. In multivariate analysis, gestational age above 30 weeks (RC3.11/p=0.034) and breastfeeding duration above 30 minutes (RC3.77/p=0.013) were determinants of EBF. Conclusion: Successful breastfeeding rates were observed in 2020 in this at-risk population, especially compared to previous years' results from this and other institutions. The newborn's longer breastfeeding time, one of the strategies of kangaroo care, was shown to be a protective factor for the maintenance of EBF in this outpatient follow-up, and special attention should be given to those born under 30 weeks, who showed a higher risk of weaning.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life in Ghana

BackgroundExclusive breastfeeding is a public health priority in sub-Saharan Africa. However, systematic reviews on its determinants in Ghana remain scarce. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in children 0–6 months in Ghana.MethodsWe conducted systematic searches in Embase, Medline, and Africa-Wide Information from the databases’ inception until February 2021 for studies that assessed the prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in children 0–6 months in Ghana. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and narrative synthesis to summarise the determinants. We calculated the proportion of total variability that was due to between study heterogeneity using I² statistics, and Egger’s test assessed publication bias. The review is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021278019.ResultsOut of the 258 articles identified, 24 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies were cross-sectional and were published between 2005 and 2021. The pooled prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among children 0–6 months in Ghana was 50% (95%CI 41.0–60.0%). The prevalence was higher in rural areas (54%) than in urban areas (44%). Several factors were identified as facilitators of EBF, including older maternal age, self-employment, unemployment, living in a large house, being a house owner, giving birth in a health facility, non-caesarean delivery, adequate antenatal attendance, counselling services, participation in support groups, adequate knowledge about EBF, positive attitude towards EBF, and higher maternal education among rural dwellers. Additionally, having an average birthweight facilitated EBF. Barriers to EBF were also identified, including higher maternal education among urban dwellers, less than three months of maternity leave, maternal HIV-positive status, the experience of partner violence, lack of access to radio, inadequate breastmilk production, lack of family support, having a partner who wants more children, counselling on complementary feeding, healthcare worker recommendation of complementary feed, single marital status, and infant admission to neonatal intensive care units.ConclusionIn Ghana, EBF rates are low, with only about half of all children aged 0–6 months breastfed exclusively. A multi-dimensional approach is required to tackle the diverse sociodemographic, obstetric, and infant-related issues that hinder EBF practice in Ghana.

The practice of exclusive breastfeeding by region in Indonesia

ObjectiveExclusive breastfeeding has important benefits for both children and mothers. However, the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding is still not evenly distributed among regions, including in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the practice of exclusive breastfeeding by region in Indonesia and its influencing factors. Study designThis study was cross-sectional study. MethodsThis study used secondary data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2017. The total sample was 1621 respondents, which consisted of mothers whose last child was under six months old and was still alive; the mothers did not have twins and lived with their child. Data were analyzed by using Quantum GIS and binary logistic regression statistical tests. ResultsThis study shows that 51.6% of respondents gave exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia. The highest proportion was in the Nusa Tenggara region (72.3%), whereas the lowest was in Kalimantan province (37.5%). Mothers who lived in the regions of Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Java-Bali, and Sumatra had a higher chance of exclusive breastfeeding compared to those in the Kalimantan region. The factors associated with the exclusive breastfeeding vary widely across all regions, and the child's age is the only common factor associated with the exclusive breastfeeding in all regions, except Kalimantan. ConclusionThis study shows wide variation in regional proportions and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia. Therefore, appropriate policies and strategies are needed to increase equitable exclusive breastfeeding practices across all regions in Indonesia.

Knowledge, attitude, practice and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among women in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the pooled estimate of Ethiopia's women's knowledge, attitudes, practices, and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding. MethodsPubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and Addis Ababa University online library were searched. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA statistical software (v. 14). Publication bias was checked by forest plot, Begg's rank test, and Egger's regression test. To look for heterogeneity, I2 was computed, and an overall estimated analysis was carried out. Subgroup analysis was done by region, study setting, and publication. The pooled odds ratio for associated factors was also computed. ResultsOut of 995 studies reviewed, 33 met our eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis study. The total number of study participants was 13,397. The pooled prevalence of good knowledge, positive attitude, and poor practice of kangaroo mother care were 74.2% (95% CI: 62.9–85.4), 77.2% (95%CI: 68.3–86.0), and 58.3% (95% CI: 49.9–66.6), respectively. In sub-group analysis, the highest prevalence of knowledge was in institution-based studies (78.3%) and unpublished studies (76.3%). A positive attitude was also highest in institutional-based studies (81%). The highest practice prevalence was in Afar (68%) and the lowest was in Addis Ababa (34.6%).Women who had a secondary level of education (AOR = 3.3; 95%CI: 1.8–6.0) were a housewife (AOR = 3.1; 95%CI: 2.1–4.7), delivered vaginally (AOR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.4–2.9), health facility delivery (AOR = 3.3; 95%CI: 2.1–5.1) and attending antenatal care were predictors of exclusive breastfeeding. ConclusionAlthough women have good knowledge and positive attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding, there is a significant gap in exclusive breastfeeding practice. Maternal education, occupation, vaginal delivery, institutional delivery, and antenatal care visit were predictors of exclusive breastfeeding. It is recommended to strengthen maternal and child health services.

Effects of the experience of breastfeeding-friendly practices and breastfeeding intention and self-efficacy on breastfeeding behavior: a cohort study in Taiwan

BackgroundApproximately 80% of births in Taiwan occurred in Baby-Friendly accredited facilities, although the trend of exclusively breastfeeding infants until 6 months of age has stagnated in the last ten years. To guide breastfeeding promotion interventions during postnatal stays and encourage mothers to continue breastfeeding for the first 6 months, factors associated with breastfeeding behaviors to 6 months post-delivery must be investigated. This study explored the relationships among breastfeeding intention, experience of breastfeeding-friendly practices, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and breastfeeding behavior at four and 6 months after childbirth.MethodsIn this longitudinal cohort study, women who gave birth to healthy newborns at two Baby-Friendly hospitals in Taiwan and who had initiated breastfeeding were recruited two to 4 days after giving birth. Data were collected three to 5 days after childbirth during hospitalization and at one, two, four, and 6 months after childbirth using a self-developed questionnaire to measure breastfeeding intention and the experience of breastfeeding-friendly practices, and the traditional Chinese version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form to measure self-efficacy.ResultsA total of 155 women completed the questionnaires five times within 6 months. The determinants of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 months and any breastfeeding at 6 months were the intention to breastfeed for over 6 months; a higher score for the experience of breastfeeding-friendly practices; and a higher level of breastfeeding self-efficacy during that period. The experience of breastfeeding-friendly practices during hospitalization did not predict breastfeeding behavior at 4 and 6 months. Intending to breastfeed for less than 4 months and lower breastfeeding self-efficacy during the hospital stay were both associated with shorter breastfeeding durations of less than 6 months after childbirth.ConclusionsLonger intended duration of breastfeeding, sustaining breastfeeding-friendly practices after discharge, and maintenance of a higher level of breastfeeding self-efficacy were the determinants of breastfeeding at 4 and 6 months. Healthcare professionals in Taiwan must support breastfeeding-friendly practices and consider interactive interventions to promote continued breastfeeding at different stages during the first 6 months after childbirth on the basis of the mother’s breastfeeding plan and breastfeeding self-efficacy during their postnatal hospitalization.

Knowledge, attitude, and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding during COVID-19 pandemic among lactating mothers in Mekelle, Tigrai: a cross sectional study

BackgroundDue to the nutritive and immunologic benefits of breastmilk, children should be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life, even during the corona virus pandemic. However, fear of transmission risk and pandemic-related restrictions could undermine the practice of breastfeeding. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during COVID-19 among lactating mothers in Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 621 lactating mothers living in Mekelle city, Tigrai, from April to June, 2021. Data were collected using an adapted form of a standard KAP questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the independent determinants of EBF at a statistical significance of p < 0.05. The strength of the association was measured by odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.ResultsFour hundred (64.4%) mothers exclusively breastfed their children. Infants from female-headed households had twice (AOR 2.21; 95% CI 1.31, 3.71) higher odds of EBF. Higher educational status was associated with higher odds of EBF practice. A unit increase in parity was associated with a 23% increase in the odds of EBF. Mothers who received breastfeeding information had a 73% (AOR 1.73; 95% CI 1.17, 2.56) higher odds of EBF. Moreover, mothers with high knowledge score and positive attitude showed a 74% higher (AOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.20, 2.51) and more than double (AOR 2.35; 95% CI 1.50, 3.70) odds of EBF, respectively.ConclusionAbout two-thirds of the mothers practiced EBF. Household head, maternal educational, parity, breastfeeding information, knowledge of breastfeeding, and attitude towards EBF were significant determinants of EBF. Our study findings highlighted that programs that enhance women’s participation in education and decision-making could improve EBF practice. Besides, during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing lactating mothers with adequate and up-to-date breastfeeding information could be significant in improving EBF practice.

Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Study at the Bono Regional Hospital, Sunyani, Ghana

Optimal nutrition plays a key role in the survival and overall health outcome of young children. This study sought to assess infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and maternal socio-demographic factors and health-seeking behaviors affecting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Child Welfare Clinic of the Bono Regional Hospital, Sunyani, Ghana. Two hundred and forty-five mothers with 6-23 months old infant pairs were recruited for the study through convenience sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data. All infants (245) in the study had been breastfed at some point in time. Approximately, 5 in 10 infants (54.3%) were introduced to breast milk within the first hour of birth. EBF rate was 49.4%. More than 7 in 10 children (75.5 percent) were predominantly breastfed in their first 6 months of life. Eight in 10 infants (80.8%) were being fed complementary foods. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, maternal age and health education/counseling on EBF significantly predicted EBF practice. Mothers aged 35-49 years were more likely to practice EBF compared to those aged 15-24 years (AOR 0.47; 95% CI 0.24, 0.92). Also, mothers who received education/counseling on EBF during antenatal care were more likely to practice EBF than those who did not (AOR 2.68; 95% CI 1.29, 5.53). The rate of EBF was below the World Health Assembly approved target for 2025 (≥ 50%), suggesting a need for intervention.

Role of clusters in exclusive breastfeeding practices in Tanzania: A secondary analysis study using demographic and health survey data (2015/2016).

BackgroundWhile the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding are widely acknowledged, it continues to be a rare practice. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in Tanzania have been studied; however, the existence and contribution of regional variability to the practice have not been explored.MethodsTanzania demographic and health survey data for 2015/2016 were used. Information on infants aged up to 6 months was abstracted. Exclusive breastfeeding was defined using a recall of feeding practices in the past 24 h. Enumeration areas and regions were treated as random effects. Models without random effects were compared with those that incorporated random effects using the Akaike information criterion. The determinants of exclusive breastfeeding were estimated using the generalized linear mixed model with enumeration areas nested within the region.ResultsThe generalized linear mixed model with an enumeration area nested within a region performed better than other models. The intra-cluster variability at region and enumeration area levels was 3.7 and 24.5%, respectively. The odds of practicing exclusive breastfeeding were lower for older and male infants, for mothers younger than 18, among mothers residing in urban areas, among those who were employed by a family member or someone else, those not assisted by a nurse/midwife, and those who were not counseled on exclusive breastfeeding within 2 days post-delivery. There was no statistical evidence of an association between exclusive breastfeeding practices and the frequency of listening to the radio and watching television. When mapping the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding, a variability of the practice is seen across regions.ConclusionThere is room to improve the proportion of those who practice exclusive breastfeeding in Tanzania. Beyond individual and setting factors, this analysis shows that a quarter of the variability in exclusive breastfeeding practices is at the community level. Further studies may explore the causes of variabilities in regional and enumeration area and how it operates. Interventions to protect, promote, and support exclusive breastfeeding in Tanzania may target the environment that shapes the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding in smaller geographical areas.

Prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding; a cross sectional study in Najaf city, Iraq.

To determine the prevalence of exclusive and continued breastfeeding in an urban setting, and the factors influencing the choice. The cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to August 30, 2018, in Najaf, Iraq, and comprised children aged up to 2 years from 12 randomly selected primary healthcare centres. Data were collected using a predesigned questionnaire that had three parts covering the mother, the child and the demographic variables. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Of the 373 subjects, 209(56.0%) were males. The overall mean age was 8.8± 6.2 months (range: 1-23 months), while the mean age of the mothers was 26.5±5.8 years (range: 15-46 years). Children aged <6 months were 169(45.3%), and, among them, exclusive breastfeeding was found in 66(39.1%) cases. There was significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and feeding of other siblings (p=0.001), admission to hospital (p=0.02), family support (p=0.009), husband's support (p=0.007). Child sickness in early life also had significant association with exclusive breastfeeding (p<0.05). The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was found within the reported estimate for low- and middle-income countries, but much lower than the World Health Organisation recommendation.

Breastfeeding rates at discharge for very low birthweight neonates and their determinants: An observational study from a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit in India.

Mother's milk is the best milk for neonates. Preterm very low birthweight (VLBW) neonates face many challenges leading to low rates of breastfeeding at discharge. (i) To determine the proportion of <32 weeks preterm VLBW neonates who are exclusively breastfed (EB) at discharge and (ii) determinants of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at discharge. An observational study was conducted for a duration of 1 year, from May 2019 to April 2020 in a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in North India. Consecutive <32 weeks preterm VLBW neonates admitted within 72 h of birth and on full enteral feeds (FEF) within 10 days of birth were included in this study and followed up till discharge. Forty-four of 97 (45.4%) preterm VLBW neonates were exclusively breastfed and 31/97 (32%) received more than 80% mother's own milk (MOM) at discharge. Male sex (P=0.03), those whose first feed had any amount of MOM (P=0.038) or exclusive MOM in their first feed or when initiated on first FEF (P=0.002), and neonates with longer duration of hospital stay (P=0.035) had an increased chance of being exclusively breastfed at discharge. Preterm VLBW neonates who receive any amount of MOM in their first feed or first FEF, male infants and those who stay longer in hospital are more likely to be exclusively breastfed at discharge.

DETERMINANT FACTORS OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST MILK IN PANGGUNGHARJO VILLAGE

The low level of breastfeeding is a threat to the growth and development of children which will affect the growth and development of the quality of human resources in general. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitude, self-confidence and husband's support with exclusive breastfeeding in the Panggungharjo Village area. This research design is correlational with cross sectional approach method. The population in this study were 34 mothers who had babies aged 6-24 months in Panggungharjo Village, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region Province. The samples taken in this study were mothers who lived in the Panggungharjo Village area who had babies aged 6 -24 months. Data were analyzed by chi-square analysis. The results showed that knowledge (p-value 0.000 (&lt;0.05)), attitude (p-value 0, 039 (&lt;0.05)), self-confidence (p-value 0.030 (&lt;0.05)) and husband's support (p-value 0.005 (&lt;0.05)) are variables related to exclusive breastfeeding in Panggungharjo Village. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, self-confidence and support from husbands of breastfeeding mothers are the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in Panggungharjo Village.

Determinants of exclusive breast feeding among women of child bearing age in the Gambia using Gambia demographic and health survey (GDHS) 2019-20 data

Determinants of exclusive breast feeding among women of child bearing age in the Gambia using Gambia demographic and health survey (GDHS) 2019-20 data

Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Mixed Feeding Among Mothers of Infants in Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

BackgroundBreastfeeding (BF) is considered the ultimate method of infant feeding for at least the first 6 months of life. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is one of the most effective interventions to improve child survival. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the associated factors among women in Dubai and Sharjah, UAE.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in four hospitals and four healthcare centers in Dubai and Sharjah between September 2017 and December 2017. Hospitals and centers are governmental and provide maternal and child health services. A convenience sample of 858 Arab and Emirati mothers with children under the age of 2 years participated in the study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by using structured questionnaires. The study was approved by the University Ethical Committee and the UAE Ministry of Health before data collection. Descriptive statistics were computed to describe all the questionnaire items. The chi-square test was used to compare the study's categorical variables. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to predict the relationship between BF and its associated factors. Statistical tests with P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age of the participating mothers was 30.6 (SD 5.5) years. Results showed that the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among the study participants was 24.4% (31.1% in Sharjah and 22% in Dubai; P = 0.003). The binary logistic regression reported that mother's and father's education, skin-to-skin period, number of children, mothers' health, and place of living were significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding (P < 0.05). The results reported a significant association between EB and duration of breastfeeding (OR = 6.9, P = 0.002), husband education (OR = 2.1, P = 0.015), mother education (OR = 1.3, P = 0.027), number of children (OR = 7.9, P = 0.045), having any health problem (OR = 1.2, P = 0.045), and living place (OR = 1.4, P = 0.033), and a non-significant positive effect of family size and family income. Furthermore, the result reported a significant association between mixed breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding (OR = 0.1, P = 0.000), skin-to-skin period (OR = 0.3, P = 0.002), underweight (OR = 4.7, P = 0.034), last infant's sex (OR = 1.6, P = 0.010), having maid at home (OR = 2.1, P = 0.000), number of children (OR = 0.2, P = 0.013), and living place (OR =1.1, P = 0.014), and a non-significant association with family size and family income.ConclusionsTherefore, a health promotion program for exclusive breastfeeding during antenatal health visits, together with initiating health policies in maternal hospitals to encourage the initiation of breastfeeding during the first hour of birth and the introduction of skin-to-skin contact during the first 5 min of birth are highly recommended.

Breastfeeding practice and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Horro District, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study.

BackgroundBreastfeeding is the process of feeding a newborn with the mother’s milk, and it is very important for enhancing child and maternal health. The proportion and duration of breastfeeding may vary by location, and is poorly practiced for cultural, economic, and societal reasons. Thus, this study was conducted to determine breastfeeding practices and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of six month aged infants in the Horro district, Ethiopia.MethodsWe used a community-based cross-sectional study among 649 mothers of index infants. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select the women. Data were collected from March 15 to April 5, 2020. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to examine the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding.ResultsAll women who participated in the study have ever breastfed their children at some point. Exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding initiation were found to be good (70.4% and 61.8%, respectively) within 24 hours prior to the survey time. Having had information about breastfeeding during antenatal care (AOR = 4.15, 95% CI = 2.36, 7.30), postnatal care follow-up (AOR = 4.74, 95% CI = 2.92, 7.70), having infant aged 0-1month (AOR = 12.14, 95% CI = 3.83, 38.46) and 2–3 month (AOR = 8.62, 95% CI = 5.00, 14.85), being a single birth (AOR = 12.91, 95% CI = 3.86, 43.21), having monthly income of ≤ 100 Ethiopian Birrs (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.16, 3.32), and breastfeeding initiation within one hour of birth (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.13, 3.35) were found to be a significantly associated factors of exclusive breastfeeding.ConclusionDespite meeting the global nutrition target of 2025, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding was lower than the WHO recommendations. Providing education about breastfeeding during antenatal care follow-up and increasing access to postnatal care follow-up is recommended to enhance exclusive breastfeeding practices in the study area.

Prevalence and Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Children Less Than Two Years of Age in a Rural Area of Delhi, India

Prevalence and Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Children Less Than Two Years of Age in a Rural Area of Delhi, India

A Cross-Sectional Study of Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Working Mothers in Enugu.

Introduction:The practice of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has remained low despite its benefits. This is worsened when the woman has to combine breastfeeding with work in order to support her family.Objective:The objective was to determine the factors influencing EBF among working mothers in Enugu, South-eastern Nigeria.Materials and Methods:This was a questionnaire-based study of 315 nursing mothers in postpartum period, attending the immunisation centres of the Institute of Child Health of both University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and Enugu State University Teaching Hospital. The information obtained was analysed using SPSS version 22. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Although 82.5% (n = 260) of the respondents were aware of EBF recommendation, only 69% (n = 217) practised EBF. A majority of the mothers (87%) initiated breastfeeding within 1 h of delivery. Ninety-nine percent of the mothers did not have workplace facilities (such as breastfeeding rooms, nursery, refrigerator, and privacy) that support breastfeeding practice. The main reasons for not practising EBF were pressure of work (40.8%, n = 40/98) and medical conditions (32.7%, n = 32/98). Low parity (P = 0.018) and registration for antenatal care in the hospital (P = 0.009) were significantly associated with EBF.Conclusion:The prevalence of EBF among working mothers in Enugu South-Eastern Nigeria is still suboptimal; thus there is a need for policy change in order to remove or mitigate associated factors. A multi-institutional national survey on the determinants of EBF among working mothers across the six geopolitical zones of the country may be necessary.

REVIEW LITERATUR : DETERMINAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF

Breastfeeding is an obligation for a mother which aims to provide life and welfare to her baby which begins after the birth of the baby. The only ideal food for babies 0-6 months is exclusive breast milk aged 0-6 months because it contains all the nutrients needed by babies. However, many mothers do not give exclusive breastfeeding, so the factors that influence it must be investigated to encourage the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This study uses the Literature Review method, searches through Google Scholar and PubMed with the keywords "exclusive breastfeeding", "exclusive breastfeeding factors", "breastfeeding", and "factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding". Found 8 articles that match the topic, namely 5 international journals and 3 national journals that provide varied information on the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding. Based on the analysis, 6 determinants of the success of exclusive breastfeeding were found, including work, self-motivation, knowledge, family support, early breastfeeding initiation behavior (IMD) in mothers, and support from medical personnel