Detection Of Lung Abnormalities Research Articles

Evaluating Acute Pulmonary Changes of Coronavirus 2019: Comparative Analysis of the Pertinent Modalities

This review explores imaging’s crucial role in acute COVID-19 assessment. HRCT (High Resolution Computer Tomography) is especially effective in detection of lung abnormalities. Chest radiography has limited utility in the initial stages of COVID-19 infection. Lung Ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a valuable, radiation-free tool in critical care, and MRI shows promise as a CT alternative. Typical and atypical findings of COVID-19 by each of these modalities are discussed with emphasis on their prognostic value. Considerations for pediatric and immunocompromised cases are outlined. A comprehensive diagnostic approach is recommended, as radiological diagnosis remains challenging in the acute phase.

ULTRASONOGRAPHY COMPARED TO CT SCAN FOR THE ASSESEMENT OF SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 PNEUMONIA: EXPERIENCE OF A MAJOR TERTIARY REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN INDIA

A study was conducted to assess the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia by ultrasonography compared to computed tomography. 50 patients, older than 18 years, referred to a major territory care centre in India between June and December 2021 with any two of the three criteria: fever, Spo2<94% on room air, and shortness of breath were studied. Patients proven to have COVID-19 pneumonia with either RT-PCR/RAT or Computed tomography scan were excluded from the study. Lung ultrasound was performed by two experienced physicians using a portable ultrasound device. A modied Lung Ultrasound Score for COVID-19 was compared with a computed tomography scan performed using a single inspiratory phase in a commercial multi-detector computed tomography scanner. Results: The correlation coefcient between the lung ultrasound score and the computed tomography severity score (r) was 0.79 (strong correlation) with a p value <0.00001 (signicant as p value <0.05). In patients with moderate to severe disease, the correlation was stronger. Conclusions: Our study showed that there is a good correlation between the lung ultrasound score and Computed tomography severity score. Lung ultrasound may help as an alternative method for diagnosing and isolating COVID-19 pneumonia patients during the peaks of the pandemic. Lung ultrasound score exhibited similar accuracy compared with chest computed tomography in the detection of lung abnormalities in COVID-19 patients.

Correlation between Chest Computed Tomography and Lung Ultrasonography in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

There is growing evidence regarding chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) findings for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). At present, the role of lung ultrasonography (LUS) has yet to be explored. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between LUS findings and chest CT in patients confirmed to have (positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]) or clinically highly suspected of having (dyspnea, fever, myasthenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, dry cough, ageusia or anosmia) COVID-19. This prospective study was carried out in the emergency department, where patients confirmed of having or clinically highly suspected of having COVID-19 were recruited and underwent chest CT and concurrent LUS exam. An experienced emergency department physician performed the LUS exam blind to the clinical history and results of the CT scan, which were reviewed by two radiologists in consensus for signs compatible with COVID-19 (bilateral ground-glass opacities in peripheral distribution). A compatible LUS exam was considered a bilateral pattern of B-lines, irregular pleural line and subpleural consolidations. Between March and April 2020, 51 patients were consecutively enrolled. The indication for CT was a negative or indeterminate RT-PCR test (49.0%) followed by suspicion of pulmonary embolism (41.2%). Radiologic signs compatible with COVID-19 were present in 37 patients (72.5%) on CT scan and 40 patients (78.4%) on LUS exam. The presence of LUS findings was correlated with a positive CT scan suggestive of COVID-19 (odds ratio: 13.3, 95% confidence interval: 4.5–39.6, p < 0.001) with a sensitivity of 100.0%, specificity of 78.6%, positive predictive value of 92.5% and negative predictive value of 100.0%. There was no missed diagnosis of COVID-19 with LUS compared with CT in our cohort. The correlation between LUS score and CT total severity score was good (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.803, 95% confidence interval: 0.60–0.90, p < 0.001). LUS exhibited similar accuracy compared with chest CT in the detection of lung abnormalities in COVID-19 patients.

Preliminary Detection of Lung Diseases in Pediatric Population using Soft Computing

The investigations from recent studies clearly show the potential of lung sounds in detection of lung abnormalities in human subjects. This paper aims to analyze lung sounds acquired using special electronic stethoscope for detection adventitious sounds arising out of pathological lungs due to various disease like brochities especially in pediatric population. For acquisition and recording of lung sounds, 3M Littmann 3200 model is utilized. After verifying fidelity of electronic stethoscope, the analysis of lung sounds was carried out by various spectral and temporal features. The features extracted were fed to artificial neural network for classification. Various combinations of ANN with different topologies were experimented. The overall accuracy of obtained with one hidden layer GFF is 94.95%.

胸部単純X線写真における経時的差分画像法の臨床的有用性

胸部単純X線写真における経時的差分画像法の臨床的有用性