Detailed Execution Research Articles

Implementation of BLT DD: Insights from Village Cash Assistance Program

Background: Direct Cash Assistance from village funds (BLT DD) is vital for supporting rural communities, particularly during economic challenges. Specific background: Since 2020, Desa Gelam has allocated funds for BLT DD, making it a relevant case for examining program implementation. Knowledge gap: Limited research exists on the detailed execution and impact of BLT DD at the village level. Aims: This study analyzes the implementation of BLT DD in Desa Gelam, focusing on the roles of village officials and the importance of standard operating procedures (SOPs) for transparency. Results: Findings reveal that clear SOPs enhance the effective distribution of aid, with significant contributions from the village head and welfare officer, aligning with Edward III’s theory of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Novelty: This research offers insights into how structured procedures improve social aid program execution, emphasizing village leadership. Implications: The study highlights the necessity of clear guidelines and strong leadership to ensure successful social assistance programs like BLT DD, serving as a model for enhancing aid distribution efficiency in other villages. Highlights : Role of SOPs: Clear standard operating procedures enhance transparency and efficiency in aid distribution. Leadership Impact: Village head and welfare officer are crucial for the successful implementation of BLT DD. Theoretical Alignment: Findings support Edward III’s theory on effective communication and resource management in social programs. Keywords: Direct Cash Assistance, BLT DD, Desa Gelam, standard operating procedures, village leadership

Design, Development, and Experimental Verification of a Trajectory Algorithm of a Telepresence Robot

Background: Over the last few decades, telepresence robots (TRs) have drawn significant attention in academic and healthcare systems due to their enormous benefits, including safety improvement, remote access and economics, reduced traffic congestion, and greater mobility. COVID-19 and advancements in the military play a vital role in developing TRs. Since then, research on the advancement of robots has been attracting much attention. Methods: In critical areas, the placement and movement of humans are not safe, and researchers have started looking at the development of robots. Robot development includes many parameters to be analyzed, and trajectory planning and optimization are among them. The main objective of this study is to present a trajectory control and optimization algorithm for a cognitive architecture named auto-MERLIN. Optimization algorithms are developed for trajectory control. Results: The derived work empirically tests the solutions and provides execution details for creating the trajectory design. We develop the trajectory algorithm for the clockwise direction and another one for the clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Conclusions: Experimental results are drawn to support the proposed algorithm. Self-localization, self-driving, and right and left turn trajectories are drawn. All of the experimental results show that the designed TR works properly, with better accuracy and only a slight jitter in the orientation. The jitter is found due to the environmental factor caught by the sensors, which can be filtered easily. The results show that the proposed approach is less complex and provides better trajectory planning accuracy.

Excalibur

In recent years, hardware has become increasingly diverse, in terms of features as well as performance. This poses a problem for complex software in general and database systems in particular. To achieve top-notch performance, we need to exploit hardware features, but do not fully know which behave best on the current, and more-so future, machines. Specializing query execution methods for many diverse hardware platforms will significantly increase database software complexity and also poses a physical query optimization problem that cannot be solved robustly with static cost models. In this paper, we propose a new query execution architecture addressing these problems. Based on the flexible domain-specific language VOILA, it can generate thousands of different flavors from a single code-base. As an abstraction, a virtual machine (VM) allows hiding physical execution details, such that the VM can transparently switch between different execution tactics within each query, applied at a fine granularity. We show rules to describe a search space for good tactics, and describe efficient search strategies, that limit the overhead of adaptive JIT code generation and compilation. The VM starts executing each query in full vectorized code style, but adaptively replaces (parts of) query pipelines by code fragments compiled using different execution flavors, exploring this search space and exploiting the best tactics found, casting adaptive query execution into a Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problem. Excalibur, our prototype, outperforms open-source systems by up to 28X and the state-of-the-art system Umbra by up to 1.8X. In specific queries Excalibur performs up to 2X faster than static flavors.

Basic principles of cardiothoracic surgery training: a position paper by the European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery Residents Committee.

OBJECTIVESAcross Europe there are significant variations in the fundamental structure and content of cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) training programmes. Previous efforts have been made to introduce a Unified European Training System, which outlined the fundamentals of the ideal programme and supported a paradigm shift from an apprenticeship to a competency-based model. This article’s goal was to define key structural, administrative and executive details of such a programme to lay the foundations for the standardization of cardiothoracic surgical training across Europe.METHODSThe European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery Residents Committee had previously conducted a residents’ training survey across Europe in 2020. Training curricula from the twelve most represented countries across Europe were either searched online or obtained from the countries’ national trainee representative and reviewed by the committee. Information was collated and placed into one of the following categories to develop the position paper: (i) selection of eligible candidates, (ii) guidance for an outcome-based syllabus, (iii) documentation and evaluation of training progress, (iv) mandatory rotations and training courses, (v) number of independent or assisted cases and (vi) requirements and quality assurance of teachers.RESULTSAn independent professional body should promote an outcome-based syllabus and take responsibility for the training programme’s quality assurance. Trainees should be selected on merit by an open and transparent process. Training should be delivered within a defined period and supervised by an appointed training committee to ensure its implementation. This committee should review the trainees progression regularly, provide feedback and offer trainees the opportunity to experience various training environments and trainers. A common electronic portal be used by trainees to record their agreed objectives and to evidence their completion. Trainees should regularly attend specialty-relevant courses and conferences to promote professional and academic development. The end of training is reached when the formal requirements of the training programme are met and the trainee is able to perform at the level expected of a day-1 independent surgeon.CONCLUSIONSThis article defines the key structural, administrative, and executive principles for CTS training. Programmes are encouraged to review and modify their training curricula, if necessary, to ensure the delivery of high-quality, standardized, outcome-orientated CTS training across Europe.

Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) applied to evaluating the forest management approaches

The study mainly aims at looking into the disparities in beneficiary’s socio-economic status between the areas without implementation of forestry plans and the areas where forestry plans had initially been available even though they have recently been terminated as well. Babol Roud forestry plan is located in Lafoor forest area in the Babol County, the Mazandaran Province, Northeast Iran. This research was divided into three steps: first of all, by making use of Cochran’s formula, we identified the number of participants. Later on, the Delphi method was employed in order to determine criteria and subcriteria through the questionnaires. From then on, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was used to quantify the criteria that were weighted by experts’ viewpoints through the planned questionnaires. By adopting the Fuzzy Forests method, we found out that the economic, environmental, social and managerial criteria are most prominent. Forestry project staff’s income was in the highest relative weight (0.23) based on participant’s viewpoint. Most of the participants in the study did not give their consent to the forestry plan suspension due to the inevitably forthcoming economic and environmental problems ahead. Instead, they strongly underlined the need to go into immediate action such as revising the former plans as well as constant stream of close attention to the plan execution details of the ongoing process. Eventually, developing a new policy and using alternative forest management strategies that would meet the needs of all various stakeholders have been recommended.

A Versatile Affordance Modeling Framework Using Screw Primitives to Increase Autonomy During Manipulation Contact Tasks

Recent studies utilizing Affordance Templates to perform remote contact manipulation tasks with mobile manipulators have demonstrated their usefulness for modeling complex tasks allowing robots to work in uncertain environments. These efforts largely fall into the “supervised autonomy” paradigm where a user commands high-level actions and supervises the robot’s execution, but is not responsible for the low-level execution details such as controlling the endpoint/joints, managing contact forces, or avoiding collisions. In this work, we present a novel formulation for modeling affordances that features the versatility and generality of screw theory. We also propose a generic framework and algorithm for executing manipulation contact tasks. To thoroughly evaluate the performance of the proposed formulation and framework, we performed various sets of experiments using our mobile manipulator. We showed that this framework is generic enough to successfully manipulate a variety of articulated objects. Moreover, by performing a set of manipulation tasks on a wheel valve as our case study, we demonstrated that our approach lowers task duration (about 5 times) and applied forces and torques significantly (about 2.5 and 3 times, respectively) when compared to direct teleoperation. Further, by performing 90 trials, we show robust performance of the proposed screw-based framework even when there is significant error in the estimated position and orientation (i.e., about 10 cm and 0.35 rd) of the task objects.

Inspecting the Effects of Moisture Bridge on the Performance of Building and Providing Appropriate Preventive Solutions

Although many studies have investigated the effects of thermal bridges on building energy performance, multidimensional thermal humidity analysis of building coatings remains a challenge due to multiple problems such as complexity of modeling, computer analysis execution time, numerical convergence restraints, and numerous properties related to humidity. The study’s main aim is to investigate the effects of moisture bridges on building performance and provide appropriate preventive solutions. In this study, thermal-humidity simulation for evaluating heat and mass transfer in walls of a historic building (building No. 4, Tehran University of Arts, The National Garden Campus) was analyzed using WUFI 2D software. This study evaluated the effectiveness of executive details used in the studied building and compared the performance with recent common details. The obtained results indicate that the information obtained from the moisture and heat audit of the building should be investigated simultaneously and the results lead to a solution to reduce the heat transfer and minimize condensation risks. Appropriate solutions have been studied, according to the conditions of each building element.

Execution trace‐based model verification to analyze multicore and real‐time systems

AbstractAs a key part of model‐driven development, modeling allows users to represent the application workflow or to automatically generate source code. This is convenient for developers, particularly to create or improve real‐time applications embedded in complex systems. Multicore systems are difficult to debug because the concurrently running processes can interfere with each other. In real‐time systems, timing constraints add to the complexity, invalidating results when a deadline is missed. Tracing is usually the most accurate and reliable tool to study the runtime behaviour of those applications. However, the interpretation of voluminous detailed execution traces requires a deep understanding of the operating system and application behaviour, and time to dig through the millions of trace events.In this paper, we present the use of model‐based constraints on top of user‐space and kernel traces to provide weighted analysis results. Our algorithms have been applied to multiple traces showing common problems for multi‐core real‐time systems. The experimental results show that our algorithms can quickly identify many different types of problems with a low runtime, even for traces with millions of events, thus helping to save time when analyzing thousands of trace events for complex systems.

Student perspectives of event design: Learning and transformation using the #EventCanvas methodology

The purpose of this study was to explore how students experienced the #EventCanvas methodology as part of an undergraduate, event management course incorporating the Event Design Collective, Young Professional Program at a public university in the United States. The #EventCanvas radically shifts the common routine of event planners and intentionally breaks the practice of jumping into event execution details such as the venue, décor, entertainment, etc. This study aimed to identify student's perceptions of event design practices pre and post course completion as compared to current scholarship in event management and examine students change in behavior. This research is of interest to both academic and industry partners focused on changing the event design landscape and developing the necessary knowledge and skills for successful student integration into the event management sector.

Static prediction of parallel computation graphs

Many algorithms for analyzing parallel programs, for example to detect deadlocks or data races or to calculate the execution cost, are based on a model variously known as a cost graph, computation graph or dependency graph, which captures the parallel structure of threads in a program. In modern parallel programs, computation graphs are highly dynamic and depend greatly on the program inputs and execution details. As such, most analyses that use these graphs are either dynamic analyses or are specialized static analyses that gather a subset of dependency information for a specific purpose. This paper introduces graph types, which compactly represent all of the graphs that could arise from program execution. Graph types are inferred from a parallel program using a graph type system and inference algorithm, which we present drawing on ideas from Hindley-Milner type inference, affine logic and region type systems. We have implemented the inference algorithm over a subset of OCaml, extended with parallelism primitives, and we demonstrate how graph types can be used to accelerate the development of new graph-based static analyses by presenting proof-of-concept analyses for deadlock detection and cost analysis.

Cloud Security Service for Identifying Unauthorized User Behaviour

Recently, an innovative trend like cloud computing has progressed quickly in Information Technology. For a background of distributed networks, the extensive sprawl of internet resources on the Web and the increasing number of service providers helped cloud computing technologies grow into a substantial scaled Information Technology service model. The cloud computing environment extracts the execution details of services and systems from end-users and developers. Additionally, through the system’s virtualization accomplished using resource pooling, cloud computing resources become more accessible. The attempt to design and develop a solution that assures reliable and protected authentication and authorization service in such cloud environments is described in this paper. With the help of multi-agents, we attempt to represent Open-Identity (ID) design to find a solution that would offer trustworthy and secured authentication and authorization services to software services based on the cloud. This research aims to determine how authentication and authorization services were provided in an agreeable and preventive manner. Based on attack-oriented threat model security, the evaluation works. By considering security for both authentication and authorization systems, possible security threats are analyzed by the proposed security systems.

Interior Design Alternatives of U janevalla Hotel Bedrooms With The Analogy of Jaipong Dance

Buildings which put forward the physical exploration of the exterior architectural forms tend to give such a challenge to the interior treatments, such as U Janevalla hotel in Bandung. Designed by Budi Pradono Architects, the architecture of the hotel is inspired by the analogy of Jaipong Dance and is translated into tilted facades and forms that create an expression of movement of each story of the building. However, the building is lacking in detailed execution in the interior space where the dancing effect is hardly perceived from the inner space. Therefore, this paper proposes interior design alternatives which focus on the bedrooms as the main facility offered to the guests, mainly in the furniture design and interior details. Through examining the analogy of Jaipong Dance, it is found that the tilted shapes and forms of the architecture can be brought into the interior through modification of the forms, additional interior details, and filling the spatial leftovers.

Simplifying the development of portable, scalable, and reproducible workflows.

Command-line software plays a critical role in biology research. However, processes for installing and executing software differ widely. The Common Workflow Language (CWL) is a community standard that addresses this problem. Using CWL, tool developers can formally describe a tool's inputs, outputs, and other execution details. CWL documents can include instructions for executing tools inside software containers. Accordingly, CWL tools are portable-they can be executed on diverse computers-including personal workstations, high-performance clusters, or the cloud. CWL also supports workflows, which describe dependencies among tools and using outputs from one tool as inputs to others. To date, CWL has been used primarily for batch processing of large datasets, especially in genomics. But it can also be used for analytical steps of a study. This article explains key concepts about CWL and software containers and provides examples for using CWL in biology research. CWL documents are text-based, so they can be created manually, without computer programming. However, ensuring that these documents conform to the CWL specification may prevent some users from adopting it. To address this gap, we created ToolJig, a Web application that enables researchers to create CWL documents interactively. ToolJig validates information provided by the user to ensure it is complete and valid. After creating a CWL tool or workflow, the user can create 'input-object' files, which store values for a particular invocation of a tool or workflow. In addition, ToolJig provides examples of how to execute the tool or workflow via a workflow engine. ToolJig and our examples are available at https://github.com/srp33/ToolJig.

A Study on the Condition and Direction for the Improvement of the Curriculum of General Education －Focused on the Case of I University

The objective of this study is to explore the conditions and direction that should be closely reviewed in the process of reorganizing the curriculum for general education. In particular, this study concentrated on the establishment of a detailed execution plan and the macroscopic direction of general education. It did so by exploring the practical logic and theoretical perspective for reorganizing the curriculum for general education when the accountability of general education is to be emphasized. For this, this study explored the theoretical background for the reorganization of the curriculum focusing on the foundation, structure, and contents of the curriculum for general education. It also diagnosed some domestic and foreign cases of reorganizing the curriculum for general education, and the curriculum for general education of I university in regards to its foundation, structure, and contents. It then secured the argument for the validity of the reorganization of the curriculum for general education of I university focusing on the results drawn through both the theoretical and case research. This study established the goal and objectives found in the general education of I university regarding the foundation of its curriculum for general education, and attempted the reorganization of basic and core general education when it came to its structure and its contents. In conclusion, this study presented the professors’ responsible educational activities, the administrative support for the qualitative improvement of general education, and the establishment of the evaluation system of the curriculum for general education. Having done so, we have pointed out the measures we need to take in order to offer a more stable and settled general education curriculum.

User Behavior Identification and Personalized Recommendation Based on Web Data Mining

A good understanding of user behavior and consumption preferences can provide support for website operators to improve their service quality. However, the existing personalized recommendation systems generally have problems such as low Web data mining efficiency, low degree of automated recommendation, and low durability. Targeting at these unsolved issues, this paper mainly carries out the following works: Firstly, the authors established a user behavior identification and personalized recommendation model based on Web data mining, it gave the user behavior analysis process based on Web data mining, improved the traditional k-means algorithm, and gave the detailed execution steps of the improved algorithm; moreover, it also elaborated on the K nearest neighbor model based on user scoring information, the score matrix decomposition method, and the personalized recommendation method for network users. At last, experimental results verified the effectiveness of the constructed model.

Embolization of Type 2 Endoleaks in the Abdominal Aorta Using Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer.

Type 2 endoleaks (T2EL) are the most frequent complication following endovascular aortic repair. Multiple studies primarily deal with the technical and clinical success of the embolization of persisting T2EL, thereby revealing controversial outcomes. Current reports rarely focus on the detailed execution of such a complex interventional procedure with respect to the difficult anatomic setting. The present review provides an in-depth depiction and evaluation of the interventional methodology of the embolization of T2EL in the abdominal aorta with use of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). Complicating anatomic conditions are taken into account as well as technical and clinical success rates. Using the transarterial approach, there are at least 4different pathways to access the nidus of a T2EL. CT-guided direct puncture of the aneurysm sac provides an alternative method of high technical success. EVOH with its slow solidification characteristics enables good control to achieve complete filling of the T2EL. During the intervention, however, it remains difficult to meet exactly the embolization endpoint, especially in large T2ELs. T2EL embolization using EVOH is an effective treatment with low major complication rates when conducted by skilled interventionists with detailed knowledge of diverse complex access routes. · Many roads lead to Rome to access the nidus of a T2EL including diverse complex transarterial pathways and direct aneurysm sac puncture.. · Ethylene vinyl alcohol co-polymer enables good control for slow filling of the nidus with low risk of major complications.. · Identification of the embolization endpoint remains difficult during the procedure and may result in secondary interventions.. · Successful T2EL embolization requires detailed knowledge of all access routes to the nidus and skilled handling of liquid embolics.. · Nolte-Ernsting C, Mecklenbeck F, Stehr A. Embolization of Type 2 Endoleaks in the Abdominal Aorta Using Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 1426 - 1435.

\u2018Level-off\u2019 cement plugging method to cure lost circulation verified with case studies

Controlling lost circulation during drilling operations in a reservoir prone to fluid losses is typically remedied by cement squeezing or plug setting as the last resort. The aim being to minimize or stop drilling fluid losses and to regain full returns at surface, and to maintain wellbore integrity. Different placement methods of cement plugs have been discussed in detail in the literature, except for the ‘level-off’ method, which can be effective for curing complete loss circulation cases. Following modeling and calculations of this cement plug placement method, its design and execution procedures are discussed, together with two successful field cases in highly fractured carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East. Using drill pipe and a Retrievable-Test-Treat-Squeeze (RTTS) packer, set with some spacing from the loss zone, the method entails that the cement slurry is allowed to drop by gravity in order to cure lost circulation. As the column of fluid, mud and slurry in the well exceeds formation pore pressure, i.e., overbalanced conditions, a volume of acid-soluble cement slurry is allowed to slowly drop and freely penetrate the formation, i.e., through its fractures or caverns. During the penetration of this viscous slurry into the loss zone, the cement slurry can set and the fracture or fissure openings are plugged. Presented are detailed design calculations for the level-off placement technique, determination of required cement slurry and displacement volumes, and recommended displacement and RTTS packer setting depths. The expected depth of the top of cement plug is estimated. The design parameters are compared with field cases and explanations are given for possible discrepancies. Success of the operation is discussed in terms of final mud loss after cement plugging and Non-Productive Time mitigation. Detailed field procedures and execution are also presented. The level-off job is already practiced by the industry, but it is not published in the literature, in some cases they have different methods with causing some errors. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first detailed description and stepwise calculation of the level-off cement placement technique in the literature.

총톤수 5톤 미만 선박의 해기면허 제도 시행에 관한 연구

This study is intended to propose a detailed execution plan regarding education and training for ensuring and verifying seafarers’ competence in relation to the introduction of a new small vessel operator certification system for vessel of less than 5 Gross Tonnage(GT). The methods of this study adopted include analysis of statistics of marine accident occurrence rate and causes relating thereto involving vessels of less than 5 GT, questionnaire survey and analysis for seafarers on small vessels and their shipowners and case study of Taiwan, Japan and Canada and literature survey. Together with the introduction of certification system for small vessels of less than 5 GT the seafarers’ training courses need to be differentiated depending upon whether an applicant has seagoing experience or not. The examination for the certificate for small vessel of less than 5 GT need to be conducted concurrently during the period of training courses in order to ensure soft landing of this new certification system. To do this, it is necessary to consider introducing actual ship training as well as training utilizing simulators. The follow-up action such as the revision of relevant laws and regulations, obtaining social consensus, etc. needs to be undertaken in order to implement the result of this study.

Validation of MEMS Accelerometer for Rapid Hand Movement Measurement

Measuring and assessing the basic physical abilities of athletes is an important factor in the search for sporting talent and in training. Traditional methods are mainly based on knowledge of results, such as the time required to complete the given task. Various modern sensors allow us to obtain details of task execution that were previously unavailable, such as the trajectory of movement, thus giving us knowledge of performance. Our motivation is to use MEMS accelerometer to measure and analyze rapid hand movements, such as a standard tapping test, which is one of the most frequently used tests to assess the basic physical abilities. For this purpose, we use a specially designed wireless sensor device including an accelerometer with a dynamic range of ±16 g0 and validate its measurements with the professional optical motion capture system from Qualisys. In addition to the time required to perform the tapping task, we also compare the main characteristics of the hand acceleration, hand velocity and hand displacement signals acquired and derived by both measurement systems: MEMS accelerometer and optical motion capture system. The results show that the accelerometer measures the hand acceleration with sufficient accuracy to derive all other important hand movement parameters. Finally, we conclude that the accelerometer used in our tests, as well as devices with similar characteristics, are suitable for the accurate measurement of the tapping performance variables and can therefore be used in tapping tests.

ASML: Algorithm-Agnostic Architecture for Scalable Machine Learning

Machine Learning (ML) applications are growing in an unprecedented scale. The development of easy-to-use machine-learning application frameworks has enabled the development of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) applications with only a few lines of self-explanatory code. As a result, ML-based AI is becoming approachable by mainstream developers and small businesses. However, the deployment of ML algorithms for remote high throughput ML task execution, involving complex data-processing pipelines can still be challenging, especially with respect to production ML use cases. To cope with this issue, in this paper we propose a novel system architecture that enables Algorithm-agnostic, Scalable ML (ASML) task execution for high throughput applications. It aims to provide an answer to the research question of how to design and implement an abstraction framework, suitable for the deployment of end-to-end ML pipelines in a generic and standard way. The proposed ASML architecture manages horizontal scaling, task scheduling, reporting, monitoring and execution of multi-client ML tasks using modular, extensible components that abstract the execution details of the underlying algorithms. Experiments in the context of obstacle detection and recognition, as well as in the context of abnormality detection in medical image streams, demonstrate its capacity for parallel, mission critical, task execution.